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ESSENTIAL
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ESSENTIAL ENGLISH GRAMMAR & COMPOSITION - ANSWER KEY 1
Answer key A5.pmd 1 9/19/2017, 5:42 PM

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2 ESSENTIAL ENGLISH GRAMMAR & COMPOSITION - ANSWER KEY

CONTENTS - PANOPTIC
CHAPTER TEXT BOOK TOPIC PAGE

NO. PAGE NO. NO.
4 9 SUBJECT AND PREDICATE......................................... 5
8 36 THE VERB.............................................................. 6
11 79 THE ADVERB........................................................... 9
12 83 DETERMINERS......................................................... 10
37 213 FIGURES OF SPEECH................................................ 10
38 217 AFFIRMATIVE AND NEGATIVE.................................... 13
39 220 ACTIVE VOICE AND PASSIVE VOICE............................ 17
40 223 DEGREES OF COMPARISION....................................... 20
41 225 QUESTION TAG ....................................................... 25
42 228 SIMPLE, COMPOUND AND COMPLEX............................. 27
43 234 CLAUSES................................................................ 33
44 238 DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH.................................. 40
45 249 TENSES.................................................................. 51
46 252 PREPOSITION.......................................................... 52
47 258 AUXILIARIES........................................................... 54
48 260 PARTICIPLES........................................................... 55
49 261 ADVERB................................................................. 56
50 262 CONJUNCTIONS....................................................... 57
51 264 ARTICLES............................................................... 58
52 269 PHRASAL VERBS...................................................... 59
53 270 MISCELLANEOUS EXERCISES..................................... 60
N.B.:For certain questions, the answers can be different slightly

especially 'Direct and Indirect, Affirmative, Negative, Degrees of
Comparison.'


CHAPTER – 4 Page. 9
SUBJECT AND PREDICATE
Separate the subject and predicate:
Sr.
No. SUBJECT PREDICATE
1) Andrew had a friend.
2) We gave him five dollars.
3) You (Why did) fail in the examination. (?)
4) The early bird catches the worm.
5) No man can serve two masters.
6) He came back after six months.
7) Boys (How many) are there in the class. (?)
8) He (When did) die. (?)
9) A guilty conscience needs no excuse.
10) I shot an arrow into the air.
11) Good boys do not lose their books.
12) The earth revolves round the sun.
13) A rolling stone gathers no moss.
14) Familiarity breeds contempt.
15) Bad habits grow unconsciously.
N. B. : In interrogative sentences —
Q.W. + A.V. + S + Predicate
SUBJECT PREDICATE
Sr. Subject + Auxiliary + Verb + Object, Complement,
No. Adverbial, etc.
1) Rita + can + play + the violin.
2) All of you + may + go + now.
3) He + will + come + this afternoon.
4) We + shall + arrive + in Delhi on Monday.
5) The boy + should + work + harder.
6) The servant + would + watch + over the house.
7) They + could + reach + the place in an hour by car.
8) The train + might + arrive + late.
9) They + must + start + working.
10) He + needn’t + worry + about the child.
11) You + ought + to be + polite to everyone.
12) He + used + to go + to the park on holidays.

THE VERB
Exercise I
Say whether the verbs are Transitive or Intransitive.
1) The tiger caught a deer. (Transitive)
2) The child opened his eyes. (Transitive)
3) Dogs bark. (Intransitive)
4) We played chess for two hours. (Transitive)
5) She bought one dozen apples. (Transitive)
6) The birds fly in the sky. (Intransitive)
7) Bats fly at night. (Intransitive)
8) The boys are playing in the garden. (Intransitive)
9) I wrote a letter to my cousin. (Transitive)
10) The moon shines brightly. (Intransitive)
11) The peon rings the bell. (Transitive)
12) We laughed aloud. (Intransitive)
13) She became a teacher. (Transitive)
14) Tigers live in the jungle. (Intransitive)
15) William enjoys teaching. (Transitive)
Exercise II
Indicate whether the Verbs in the following sentences are
Transitive or Intransitive. Name the Object of each Transitive
Verb and the Complement of each Verb of Incomplete
Predication.
1) The boy stood on the burning deck. (Intransitive)
2) Tony has fallen sick. (Inransitive)
3) The water is very cold. (Intransitive)
4) The man saw the accident with his own eyes. (Transitive)
5) The baby fell asleep. (Intransitive)
6) They are French. (Transitive)
7) The rumour seems true. (Intransitive)
8) He did not tell the truth. (Transitive)
9) They made her queen. (Transitive)
10) The bad boys hide their faults. (Transitive)
11) He is hiding behind the tree. (Intransitive)
12) We patiently waited at the station. (Intransitive)
13) The bird flew down and took away the cheese. Flew (In-
transitive) took (Transitive)

14) Our children like sweets. (Transitive)
15) The peon rang the bell. (Transitive)
16) The bell rang after the first period. (Intransitive)
17) Sam sang a beautiful song. (Transitive)
18) They sang well in the function. (Intransitive)
19) Who has broken the window? (Transitive)
20) The windows broke in the storm. (Intransitive)
21) She called her servant a fool. (Transitive)
22) His parents named her Patricia. (Transitive)
23) He painted the box red. (Transitive)
24) You look sad. (Intransitive)
25) The milk turned sour. (Intransitive)
Subject Verb Object - Complement

(I.P.) Direct/indirect
1 ) The boy stood on the burning deck
(Preposition with Object)
2 ) Tony has fallen sick. (Noun)
3 ) The water is very cold. (Adjective)
4 ) The man saw the accident with his own eyes.
5 ) The baby fell asleep. (Noun)
6 ) They are French. (Noun)
7 ) The rumour seems true. (Adjective)
8 ) He did not tell the truth (Noun)
9 ) They made her queen. (Noun)
10) The bad boys hide their faults.
11) He is hiding behind the tree.
12) W e waited at the station.
13) The bird flew down, the cheese.
took away
14) Our children like sweets.
15) The peon rang the bell.

16) The bell rang after the first period.
17) Sam sang a song beautiful. (Adjective)
18) They sang well in the function.
(Adjective Phrase)
19) Who broke the window ? (Correction)
20) The windows broke in the storm.
21) She called her servant a fool. (Noun)
22) His parents named her Patricia. (Noun)
23) He painted the box red. (Adjective)
24) You look sad. (Adjective)
25) The milk turned sour. (Adjective)
Exercise III
Rewrite the sentences putting the Direct Objects before the
Indirect Objects:
1) She lent her necklace to me.
2) The Principal granted leave to us.
3) I promised my support to him.
4) My father presented a watch to you.
5) Mr Williams teaches English to us.
6) The shopkeeper sold a pair of shoes to him.
7) My friend did a great favour to her.
8) They posted greeting cards to their friends.
Exervise IV
Rewrite the sentences putting the Indirect Objects before the
Direct Objects:
1) Adam told me a secret.
2) Lad’s father left his son a huge property.
3) Call me a doctor.
4) Smoking does one’s health great harm.
5) They promised us their help.
6) My mother gifted me a shawl.

Exercise V
Fill in the blanks with suitable Objective Complements,
chosen from the list given:
(leader, healthy, long, asleep, dead, innocent, ill, fool, honest,
Amitabh)
1) A truck struck the cyclist dead.
2) My master considers me honest.
3) This fashionable boy grows his hair long.
4) The judge found the accused innocent.
5) We should not wish anybody ill.
6) The mother found her baby asleep.
7) Morning walk makes one healthy.
8) They elected him their leader.
9) His parents named him Amitabh.
10) Don’t call him a fool.
CHAPTER – 11 Pg. No. 79

THE ADVERB
Rewrite the following sentences replacing the Adverbs with
Adverb phrases.
1) It was his first speech; but he spoke in a confident
manner.
2) At no place can you get the apples so cheap.
3) Why do you look at me in such an angry manner?
4) Please wait here, he will be back in no time.
5) He left the place in a sad disposition.
Complete the following sentences supplying the missing

Adverbs (choose from the words given below) :
clearly, extremely, bitterly, greatly, very, ever, suspiciously,
sweet, often, also, eloquently, nearly, too, seldom, scarcely,
rather
1) very 2) extremely 3) suspiciously

4) also 5) eloquently 6) too
7) seldom 8) bitterly 9) often
10) greatly 11) clearly 12) sweet
13) ever 14) nearly 15) scarcely
16) rather

DETEMINERS
Exercise -1
Fill in the blanks with : some, any, each, every, either, neither.
1) Neither 2) Each 3) every 4) some

5) any 6) any 7) Every 8) either
9) some 10) Every
Exercis -2
Fill in the blanks with : many, much, all, whole, the whole :
1) All 2) much 3) whole 4) Many

5) much 6) whole 7) All 8) Many
9) many 10) whole
Exercise- 3
Fill in the blanks with : little, a little or the little, few, a few
or the few :
1) a little 2) little 3) The little 4) A little

5) The little 6) Few 7) A few 8) A few
9) few 10) A few

FIGURES OF SPEECH
Name and explain the figures of speech.
1) (i) repetition - no stir - no stir - repeated.
(ii) onomatopoeia - ‘stir’ is self-explanatory.
(iii) antithesis - air X sea - opposite ideas.
2) (i) personification - ‘ship’ is personified.
(ii) alliteration - s - is repeated effectively.
3) (i) personification - ‘ship’ is personified.
4) (i) alliteration - s - is repeated effectively.
5) (i) antithesis - rose X fell - opposite ideas for poetic effect.
(ii) repetition - so little - so little - repeated.
(iii) also alliteration.
6) (i) onomatopoeia - ‘scream’ d’ and ‘wheel’d’, the sounds
suggest the meaning.

7) (i) inversion/anastrophe - The prose order (S + V + O) is
inversed for poetic effect. the prose order is - The bell
sank down .....
(ii) onomatopoeia - The word ‘gurgling’ suggests the
meaning.
8) (i) onomatopoeia - the words ‘babbles and burst’ suggest
the meaning.
(ii) also alliteration.
9) (i) inversion or anastrophe - The prose order ( S + V + O)
The rover takes his stand on the deck is inversed.
10) (i) onomatopoeia - The word ‘shivering’ is self explanatory.
(iii) metonymy - ‘vessel’ represents ship.
11) (i) onomatopoeia - ‘slipped’, ‘surly’ both the sounds
suggest the meaning.
(ii) also exclamation.
12) (i) adjectival metaphor - wings are figuratively described
as laughter silvered.
(ii) determined picturesque - a pictorial description is
made.
13) (i) adjectival metaphor - the space is indirectly compared
to a place of total bright and clear silence.
14) (i) personification - the wind is personified
15) (i) transferred epithet - adjective ‘eager’ is transferred
from person (my) to craft.
16) (i) repetition - ‘up’ is repeated for poetic effect.
(ii) adjectival metaphor - the sky is figuratively described
as long, delirious and burning.
17) (i) inversion or anastrophe - the correct prose order - 'And
I have trod with silent lifting mind’, the word order is
inversed for poetic emphasis.
18) (i) hyperbole - exaggeration used for emphasis.
(ii) metaphor - 'space' is indirectly compared to 'heaven'.
19) inversion or anastrophe - the prose order is changed
for poetic effect. The correct word order is - Once a
youngster at school, more grave than the rest, had his
integrity put to test.
20) (i) synecdoche - 'bread’ for food, livelihood correction.
What ? rob our poor ..........
(ii) rhetorical question or interrogation-question asked
for poetic effect not for answer.

21) (i) paradox - ‘You speak very fine, you look very grave’ -
seem - contradictory.
(ii) repetition - ‘apples’ repeated for poetic effect.
(iii) antithesis - ‘finex grave’ opposite ideas are used.
22) (i) epigram - antithetical ideas are used.
23) (i) antithesis - both the lines - opposite actions.
(ii) also paradox
24) (i) onomatopoeia - ‘zooming’ sound suggests the
meaning.
(ii) metaphor - indirect comparison is made between
'birds' and 'aeroplanes'.
25) (i) onomatopoeia - the word ‘swoop’ suggests the meaning.
26) (i) inversion or anastrophe - word order is inversed for
poetic effect. The correct prose order is - A cabinet
yields words within my room.
(ii) personification - ‘cabinet’ is personified.
(iii) metonymy - instrument for the agent - cabinet for
radio.
27) (i) climax - the idea in the entire line is in ascending
order.
(ii) antithesis - night and day - opposite ideas.
28) (i) jingles - the words ‘energizes’ and ‘contrives’ are
euphoniously used.
(ii) innuendo - ‘those who will not walk’ stands for the
feeble.
29) (i) inversion or anastrophe - the prose order - The
accursed, darkness flees through globes of glass, is
inversed for poetic effect.
(ii) personification - the ‘darkness’ is personified.
(iii) metaphor - indirect comparison is made between
‘globe’ and ‘glass’.
30) (i) allusion - reference is to Alladin’s Lamp.
31) (i) hyperbole - exaggeration used for emphasis.
32) (i) rhetorical question - question not for answer.
(ii) apostrophe - mother is addressed.
(iii) also alliteration.
33) (i) personification - human qualities are attributed to the
seas. (Washing the palm)
34) (i) onomatopoeia - the word 'swarm’ is self-explanatory.
(ii) alliteration - similar sounds are repeated.
(iii) determined picturesque - pictorial depiction of the
street.

35) (i) tautology - the words ‘fifth’ and ‘dirt’ mean the same.
(iii) determined picturesque - pictorial depiction.
36) (i) personification - 'mother India' is personified.
(ii) repetition - ‘their own’ repeated for poetic effect.
(iii) epigram - exciting antithetical ideas introduced.
37) (i) tautology - ‘seers - prophets’ mean the same.
38) (i) simile - direct comparison is made between the sound
of a gong and ‘that’ of mother’s angry words.
(ii) onamatopoeia - the words ‘beat’ and ‘gong’ suggest the
meaning.
39) (i) simile - direct comparison is made between the ‘vices’
and 'great white birds'.
(ii) oxymoron - two contradictory qualities - pitiful - great
of the ‘birds’ are mentioned.
40) (i) inversion or anastrophe - the prose order ‘nervous’, yet
I would ask deeming it my task is inversed for poetic
effect.
41) (i) inversion or anastrophe - ‘early and late’ words of
opposite meaning used for poetic effect.
42. (i) metaphor - the 'waves' are indirectly compared to
‘light’.
(iii) jingles - repetition of similar sounding words,
‘entrancing, enthroning.’
43)(i) simile - direct comparision is made between
‘nightmare’ and ‘night’ which disappear fast.
(ii) personification - human qualities are attributed.
(iii) metaphor - ‘sun-beam’ is indirectly compared to ‘a
hand’ that saves.
44) (i) personification - human qualities are attributed.
45) (i) simile - 'the opening up of her forehead' is directly
compared to 'earth’s destiny'.
(ii) hyperbole - overstatement.

AFFIRMATIVE AND NEGATIVE
Change the following Affirmative into Negative and Negative
into Affirmative:
1) You did not do any less job of driving. (Negative)
2) I am self reliant. (Affirmative)
3) They are doing an unsatisfactory job. (Affirmative)

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HOLY FAITH

HOLY FAITH INTERNATIONAL (P) LTD.

Answer key A5.pmd 1 9/19/2017, 5:42 PM

Published by : MANIK JUNEJA

2 ESSENTIAL ENGLISH GRAMMAR & COMPOSITION - ANSWER KEY

Answer key A5.pmd 2 9/19/2017, 5:50 PM

CHAPTER TEXT BOOK TOPIC PAGE

N.B.:For certain questions, the answers can be different slightly

ESSENTIAL ENGLISH GRAMMAR & COMPOSITION - ANSWER KEY 3

Answer key A5.pmd 3 9/18/2017, 2:58 PM

Answer key A5.pmd 4 9/13/2017, 5:25 PM

ESSENTIAL ENGLISH GRAMMAR & COMPOSITION - ANSWER KEY 5

Answer key A5.pmd 5 9/13/2017, 5:25 PM

Answer key A5.pmd 6 9/13/2017, 5:25 PM

Subject Verb Object - Complement

ESSENTIAL ENGLISH GRAMMAR & COMPOSITION - ANSWER KEY 7

Answer key A5.pmd 7 9/13/2017, 5:25 PM

8 ESSENTIAL ENGLISH GRAMMAR & COMPOSITION - ANSWER KEY

Answer key A5.pmd 8 9/13/2017, 5:25 PM

CHAPTER – 11 Pg. No. 79

Complete the following sentences supplying the missing

1) very 2) extremely 3) suspiciously

ESSENTIAL ENGLISH GRAMMAR & COMPOSITION - ANSWER KEY 9

Answer key A5.pmd 9 9/13/2017, 5:25 PM

1) Neither 2) Each 3) every 4) some

1) All 2) much 3) whole 4) Many

1) a little 2) little 3) The little 4) A little

CHAPTER – 37 Page. 213

10 ESSENTIAL ENGLISH GRAMMAR & COMPOSITION - ANSWER KEY

Answer key A5.pmd 10 9/13/2017, 5:25 PM

ESSENTIAL ENGLISH GRAMMAR & COMPOSITION - ANSWER KEY 11

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12 ESSENTIAL ENGLISH GRAMMAR & COMPOSITION - ANSWER KEY

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CHAPTER – 38 Pg. No. 217

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Publisher : MBD Group Author : James Thomas

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