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  • CONTEMP

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    Shona Aquino
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    The document discusses several topics related to globalization including: 1. Definitions of globalization focusing on increased interconnectedness and interdependence between countries through trade, financial flows, and movement of people and ideas. 2. Perspectives on globalization including views that it benefits everyone versus anti-globalization concerns about imbalances between the first and third world. 3. Aspects of globalization including both positive impacts like cultural exchange and free trade, and negative impacts such as income inequality and environmental issues.

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    The document discusses several topics related to globalization including: 1. Definitions of globalization focusing on increased interconnectedness and interdependence between countries through trade, financial flows, and movement of people and ideas. 2. Perspectives on globalization including views that it benefits everyone versus anti-globalization concerns about imbalances between the first and third world. 3. Aspects of globalization including both positive impacts like cultural exchange and free trade, and negative impacts such as income inequality and environmental issues.

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    10 views2 pages

    CONTEMP

    Uploaded by

    Shona Aquino
    The document discusses several topics related to globalization including: 1. Definitions of globalization focusing on increased interconnectedness and interdependence between countries through trade, financial flows, and movement of people and ideas. 2. Perspectives on globalization including views that it benefits everyone versus anti-globalization concerns about imbalances between the first and third world. 3. Aspects of globalization including both positive impacts like cultural exchange and free trade, and negative impacts such as income inequality and environmental issues.

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    WORLD WAR II FRENCH REVOLUTION (Isbister)

     1939-1945 1st Estate (political power)

    AXIS POWERS 2nd Estate (political power)

     Germany, Italy, Japan 3rd Estate (tiers etat)

    ALLIES COLD WAR (Pletch)

     France, Great Britain, United States, USSR 3rd world – areas of the world (mostly former colonies)
    that the two worlds wanted to gain
    DEVELOPMENT CONCERNS:
    Third World
    ✔ Post WW II – aid to Europe
    Underdeveloped and poor countries characterized by:
    ✔ 1950s-1960s – assistance to the 3rd world
    ▪ High unemployment
    ✔ 1970s- rural development & basic needs
    ▪ Famine
    ✔ 1990s – human development
    ▪ Overpopulation
    ✔ 2000s – sustainable development
    ▪ Economic instability
    COLONIZED PERSPECTIVE
    ▪ Oppression
    BEFORE: With capitalism
    GLOBALIZATION
    PEOPLE HAD RAW MATERIALS: One man became the
    owner of vast  The existence of free exchange of goods,
    services, culture, and even people, between
    THEY WORKED AND PRODUCED FOOD: lands
    and among countries (Levitt, 1983)
    EXCESS FOOD ARE EXCHANGED WITH: He bought  The increased interconnectedness and
    materials, tools, machines interdependence of peoples and countries, is
    generally understood to include two inter-
    OTHER PEOPLE'S PRODUCTS: He bought labor related elements: the opening of international
    COLONIZED PERSPECTIVE borders to increasingly fast flows of goods,
    services, finance, people and ideas; and the
    Results: changes in institutions and policies at national
    Owners owned the products and international levels that facilitate or
    promote such flows (WHO)
    Only a few people owned lands  The growing interdependence of the world’s
    economies, cultures, and populations, brought
    People sold their labor
    about by cross-border trade in goods and
    Excess products are owned by owners services, technology, and flows of investment,
    people, and information (Peterson Institute for
    International Economics)
     The closer integration of national economies
    through trade and financial flows as well as
    cross-border migration of people . As national
    economies open up and lower their external
    barriers, they become more exposed –and more
    vulnerable –to global forces and influences.

    (United Nations Conference on Trade and


    THE THREE WORLDS Development)
    1. Globalization is about liberalization & global
    integration of markets
    FOUR FREEDOMS (European Union)
    2. Globalization is inevitable & irreversible
    1. Free movement of goods or products. –made
    possible by liberalization or the abolition of tax on 3. Nobody is in-charge of Globalization
    imported goods (tariff)
    4. Globalization benefits everyone
    2. Free movement of capital or investment. – made
    5. Globalization furthers the spread of democracy
    possible through deregulation/ the lifting of strict
    banking and financial regulations. 6. Globalization requires war on terror
    3. Free movement of services. Aspects of Globalization
    4. Free movement of persons. -achieved through the POSITIVE
    loosening or abolition of visa restrictions and barriers to
    migration 1. Multiculturalism & multilingualism

    2. Free Trade

    GLOBALIZATION VS. INTERNATIONALIZATION 3. Cultural & educational exchanges

    ≡ Internationalization-processes and systems that 4. Migration


    pertain to relationships between nation-states (Timor 5. Global cooperation
    Leste, Brexit)

    ≡Globalization-processes and systems related to global


    social relations or interactions between and/or NEGATIVE
    transnational entities. (ASEAN and EU, UNESCO) 1. Linguistic hegemony of English

    2. Cultural homogenization
    PERSPECTIVES ON GLOBALIZATION 3. Third World dependence on First World
    Anti-globalization: objectives 4. Global income and wealth inequality
     End the highly imbalanced system that favors 5. Tax injustice
    the First World over the third world,
     Corporations over citizens & communities 6. racism and anti-immigrant sentiment
     Profit-seeking over environmental sustainability

    Alter-globalization: objective

     Change the current system of globalization

    Make it:

    1. more humane
    2. more pro-environment
    3. more grassroots-driven (rather than top-down)

    Globalization benefits everyone

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