Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.

Sci (2016) 5(7): 565-570

International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences

ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 5 Number 7 (2016) pp. 565-570
Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com

Original Research Article http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2016.507.062

Phyto-Diversity on Campus of K.M. Government College Narwana, India

Surender Kumar1*, Sunita Duggal2, J.S. Laura3, Narender Singh4 and Rajdeep Kudesia5
1
Department of Botany, K.M. Govt. P.G. College Narwana, Jind, India
2
Department of Botany, Govt. P.G. College Jind (Haryana), India
3
Department of Environmental Science, M.D. University, Rohtak, India
4
Department of Botany, Kurukshetra University Kurukshetra, India
5
Department of Botany, Bundelkhand University Jhansi, Utter Pradesh, India
*Corresponding author

ABSTRACT

A field appraisal on plant diversity of K.M. Government College campus Narwana

was conducted during 15 January, 2016 to 31 January, 2016. Study was performed
in all parts of the study area and plants were collected to prepare herbarium.
Keywords
Herbaceous flora was excavated as a whole whereas in case of shrubs and trees,
Narwana, only the tender twigs bearing flowers and fruits were taken. The dried specimens
Herbarium, were pasted on the herbarium sheets. The herbarium sheets were protected against
Field survey, damage from insect and fungal pathogens by poisoning the sheets with 1%
Phyto-diversity. mercuric chloride and naphthalene balls. After field survey and herbarium
Article Info preparation, all plants were identified by botanical name and family with the help
of available literature. The total plants species recorded, indicated the heterogenous
Accepted:
20 June 2016 floristic composition in the college campus. Maximum species diversity was
Available Online: recorded of angiosperms among spermatophytes. Herbaceous genera were recorded
10 July 2016 more in number than the genera of shrubs and trees. The researchers can exploit
this information in planning of sustainable utilization of these resources in and
around Narwana town.

Einführung

India is one of the 12 “mega-diversity” Distribution of plants depends on their

countries in the world and this country has a genetic makeup, various environmental
forest area of 23.81% of the country’s factors like temperature, water and other
geographical area. Mankind has been edaphic factors (Curtis and Cottom, 1956;
utilizing plants for food and medicinal Phillips, 1959; Misra, 1968). Plant diversity
purpose since the time immemorial. is the most important feature, which plays a
Therefore various aspects of plants towards vital role in complexity of natural
health, economic value, sustainable utility, ecosystems. The present paper is an attempt
their conservation, floral assessment and to know the distribution of plant diversity on
documentation are necessary. India is a rich campus of K.M. Government College
center of plants diversity. Narwana, covering more than eight acres of

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open area in addition to lawns, garden, 2. Literature collection-The identification

teaching and administrative blocks. The was also done based on literature study
present research has been carried out in (Hooker, 1875; Maheshawari 1963; Jain,
K.M. Government College Campus 1968; Bhandari, 1978; Jain et al., 2000;
Narwana (India) to explore the diversity of Kumar, 2001).
plants and for sustainable utilization of
available plant resources. These findings Results and Discussion
will pave the way towards sustainable
development in this era of indiscriminate The Plant diversity is the functional and
collection of plants and their products. structural unit of the biotic components of
Besides this, results will give a bird’s eye ecosystem and is subjected to change due to
view on existing plant diversity in and the interaction of biotic and abiotic factors
around Narwana municipal area especially of the environment. On the basis of field
on spermatophytes. survey of campus plants, 85 species showed
their presence in the campus which were
Materials and Methods collected, identified and listed as shown in
Table-1 and 2. Out of these plant species 34
The field study was carried out during 15 species were of trees and 51 were of herbs
January, 2016 to 31 January,2016 in the and shrubs. Amongst the trees, most of the
campus of K.M. Government College tree species were planted in collaboration
Narwana (India). Study was performed in all with forest department, Haryana and species
parts of the study area and plants were of herbs and shrubs were characterized by
collected to prepare herbarium. Herbaceous natural vegetation.
flora was excavated as a whole whereas in
case of shrubs and trees, only the tender Poaceae was reported as the dominant
twigs bearing flowers and fruits were taken. family. Other main contributing families
The dried specimens were pasted on the were Fabaceae (with its subfamilies like
herbarium sheets (Jain and Rao, 1977). The Caesalpinidae, Papillionadae, Mimosoidae),
herbarium sheets were protected against Solanaceae, Apocynaceae Euphorbiaceae
damage from insect and fungal pathogens by and Asteraceae. The dominance of plants
poisoning the sheets with 1% mercuric from Poaceae family in the study area
chloride and naphthalene balls. After field indicates the harsh environmental conditions
survey and herbarium preparation, all plants especially the water stress, because the
were identified by botanical name and species of Poaceae have made
family with the help of available literature. morphological, anatomical and
The collected plants materials have been physiological adaptations to overcome the
deposited in the herbarium of dept. of drought conditions (Vasistha et al., 2010).
Botany, K.M. Govt. College Narwana. Dominance of Fabaceae shows that these
Methodology was covered in two phases as areas are nutrient deficient up to some extent
follows. especially nitrogen (Manhas et al., 2010;
Vasistha et al., 2010). A large number of
1. Field survey-The survey was conducted to workers have provided useful botanical
collect information about the plant species information through their publications.
like their identification and documentation Works of Hooker (1875); Benthom and
in the form of Botanical name and family. Hooker, (1876); Chopra et al., (1956);
The whole campus was visited many times Maheshwari (1963); Bhandari (1978);
for the collection of plants.
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Meenakshi and Sharma (1985); Jain, 1979; Therefore available literature was consulted
Kumar (2001) have given description of for documentation of present research work.
various plant species in literal form.

Table.1 List of plants species with tree habit

Botanical Name Family Habit

Ficus benghalensis Linn. Moraceae Tree
Ficus religiosa Linn. Moraceae Tree
Ficus benjamina Linn. Moraceae Tree
Callistemon citrinus (Curtis) Stapf. Myrtaceae Tree
Tamarix aphylla Linn. Tamaricaceae Tree
Ficus carica Linn. Moraceae Tree
Polyalthia longifolia Sonn. Annonaceae Tree
Mangifera indica Linn. Anacardiaceae Tree
Kigelia pinnata (Jack.) DC. Bignoniaceae Tree
Alstonia scholaris (Linn.) R. Br. Apocynaceae Tree
Cassia fistula Linn. Fabaceae Tree
Emblica officinalis Gaertn. Euphorbiaceae Tree
Bombax ceiba Linn. Bombacaceae Tree
Thuja orientalis Linn. Cupressaceae Tree
Terminalia arjuna (Roxb.) Wight & Arn. Combretaceae Tree
Eucalyptus citriodora Hook. Myrtaceae Tree
Azadirachta indica A. Juss. Meliaceae Tree
Melia azedarach Linn. Meliaceae Tree
Dalbergia sissoo (Roxb.) DC. Fabaceae Tree
Oreodoxa regia Kunth Syn. Roystonea regia Arecaceae Tree
(Kunth) O.F. Cook
Eugenia jambolana Lam. Syn. Eugenia cumini (Linn.) Myrtaceae Tree
Druce
Accacia nilotica (Linn.) Willd. Fabaceae Tree
Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC. Fabaceae Tree
Prosopis cineraria ( Linn.) Druce Fabaceae Tree
Aegle marmelos (Linn.) Correa Serr. ex Roxb. Rutaceae Tree

Bauhinia variegate Linn. Fabaceae Tree

Zizyphus jujuba Mill. Rhamnaceae Tree
Albizzia lebbeck (Linn.) Willd. Fabaceae Tree
Nyctanthes arbor-tristis Linn. Oleaceae Tree
Ailanthus excels Roxb. Simaroubaceae Tree
Morus alba Linn. Moraceae Tree
Phoenix sylvestris Linn. Arecaceae Tree
Psidium guajava Linn. Myrtaceae Tree
Butea monosperma (Lamk.) Taub. Fabaceae Tree

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Table.2 List of plants species with herb and shrub habit-

Botanical Name Family Habit

Adhatoda vasica Linn. Acanthaceae Shrub
Ageratum conyzoides Linn. Asteraceae Herb
Aloe barbadensis Linn. Liliaceae Herb
Asparagus racemosus Willd. Liliaceae Herb
Barleria prionitis Linn. Acanthaceae Herb
Calotropis procera (Ait.) R.Br. Asclepiadaceae Shrub
Canna indica Linn. Zinziberaceae Herb
Vinca rosea Linn. Apocynaceae Herb
Coleus forskohlii Auct. Lamiaceae Herb
Cynodon dactylon (Linn.) Pers. Poaceae Herb
Cyperus rotundus Linn. Cyperaceae Herb
Datura innoxia Linn. Solanaceae Herb
Eclipta alba (Linn.)Hassk Asteraceae Herb
Cassia tora Linn. Fabaceae Herb
Euphorbia hirta Linn. Euphorbiaceae Herb
Tagetes erecta Linn. Asteraceae Herb
Hibiscus rosa -sinensis Linn. Malvaceae Shrub
Nerium indicum Mill. Apocynaceae Shrub
Phyllanthus niruri (Sensu) Hook. f. Euphorbiaceae Herb
Rosa indica Linn. Rosaceae Shrub
Sida acuta Linn. Malvaceae Herb
Achyranths aspera Linn. Amaranthaceae Herb
Argemone mexicana Linn. Papaveraceae Herb
Solanum Xanthocarpum Linn. Syn. Solanaceae Herb
Solanum surrattense Burm.F.
Solanum nigrum Linn. Solanaceae Herb
Withania somnifera (Linn.) Dunal Solanaceae Herb
Tribulus terrestris Linn. Zygophyllaceae Herb
Parthenium hysterophorus Linn. Asteraceae Herb
Chenopodium album Linn. Chenopodiaceae Herb
Oxalis corniculata Linn. Oxalidaceae Herb
Vicia sativa Linn. Fabaceae Herb
Cannabis sativa Linn. Cannabinaceae Herb
Boerhaavia diffusa (Linn.) Nom. Cons. Nyctaginaceae Herb
Tridax procumbens Linn. Asteraceae Herb
Croton bonplandianum Baill. Euphorbiaceae Herb
Amaranthus caudatus Linn. Amaranthaceae Herb
Launaea asplenifolia (Willd.) Hook. F. Asteraceae Herb
Fumaria indica (Haussk.) Pugsley Fumariaceae Herb
Malvastrum coromandelianum (Linn.) Malvaceae Herb
Garcke.
Lathyrus odoratus Linn. Fabaceae Herb

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Ranunculus sceleratus Linn. Ranunculaceae Herb

Abutilon indicum Linn. Acanthaceae Herb
Aristida setacea Retz Poaceae Herb
Cymbopogon citratus (DC. ex Nees) Poaceae Herb
Stapf
Dicanthium annulatum (Forsk.) Stapf Poaceae Herb
Heteropogon contortus (Linn.) Beauv. Poaceae Herb
ex Roem. & Schult.)
Setaria glauca (Linn.) Beauv. Poaceae Herb
Scirpus litoralis Schrad Syn. Cyperaceae Herb
Schoenoplectus litoralis Schrad.
Coronopus didymus (Linn.) Smith Brassicaceae Herb
Sisymbrium irio Linn. Brassicaceae Herb
Xanthium strumarium Linn. Asteraceae Herb

In order to maintain the ecological balance Plants, CSIR, New Delhi, India.
and to further sustainable development, Curtis, J.T., Cottom, G. 1956. Plant Ecology
plant species of economic and ecological Workbook- Laboratory Field
importance are present in the study area. So Reference Manuals, Burgess
these plant species superficially depict the Publication Co. Minnesota U.S.A.
composition of flora of Narwana sub Hooker, J.D. 1875. Flora of British India,
divisional area. However, composition of Reeve & Co Ltd., England.
annual herbaceous flora may vary in Jain, S.K., Rao, R.R. 1977. Handbook of
different seasons. Therefore these species Field and Herbarium Methods. Today
can be utilized keeping in view the idea of and Tomorrow Printer and
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Acknowledgement Book Trust, India. pp.1-126.
Jain, S.P. 1979. Flora of Haryana, Ph.D.
The corresponding author is highly thankful Thesis, Department of Botany,
to all co- authors of this paper for providing Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra,
available literature, indexes, floras, manuals, India.
monographs and taxonomic keys for Jain, S.P., Singh, S.C., Verma, D.M., Singh,
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How to cite this article:

Surender Kumar, Sunita Duggal, J.S. Laura, Narender Singh and Rajdeep Kudesia. 2016.
Phyto-Diversity on Campus of K.M. Government College Narwana, India.
Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci. 5(7): 565-570. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2016.507.062

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