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Global English
PL WORKBOOK 7
Olivia Johnston, Chris Barker, Libby Mitchell & Penny Hands
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SA
Second edition Digital access
Original material © Cambridge University Press 2021. This material is not final and is subject to further changes prior to publication.
ISBN_9781108963701.
Cambridge
E
Global English
PL WORKBOOK 7
Olivia Johnston, Chris Barker, Libby Mitchell & Penny Hands
M
SA
ISBN_9781108963701.
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ISBN_9781108963701.
Acknowledgements
The authors and publishers acknowledge the following sources of copyright material and are grateful
for the permissions granted. While every effort has been made, it has not always been possible to
identify the sources of all the material used, or to trace all copyright holders. If any omissions are
brought to our notice, we will be happy to include the appropriate acknowledgements on reprinting.
Thanks to the following for permission to reproduce images:

Cover image: manoa/Getty Images
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Unit 1: GeoStock/GI; Kateryna Kon/Science Photo Library/GI; Unit 2: Ray Bradshaw/
GI; Thinnapob Proongsak/500px/GI; harneshkp/GI; Chan Srithaweeporn/GI; Westend61/
GI; ViewStock/GI; Unit 3: George Karbus Photography/GI; Stockbyte/GI; davidf/GI;
Angela Cappetta/GI; Andia/GI; mdesigner125/GI; Unit 4: Darren Curzon/GI; Jim Sugar/GI;
WITGOAWAY/GI; Kritsada Seekham/EyeEm/GI; Korakot Yachaisri/EyeEm/GI; Jasmin Merdan/
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GI; Unit 5: ferrantraite/GI; LOOK/GI; Jordan Siemens/GI; Vania Ribeiro/EyeEm/GI; Silvia Otte/
GI; BRETT STEVENS/GI; Unit 6: Buda Mendes/GI; Max Paddler/GI; Jose Luis Pelaez Inc/GI;
proxyminder/GI; Flashpop/GI; aldomurillo/GI; Unit 7: andresr/GI; Noah Seelam/Stringer/GI;
kuniharu wakabayashi/GI; Huntstock/GI; DaniloAndjus/GI; Jasmin Merdan/GI; Bettmann/GI;
Digital Vision/GI; Jose Luis Pelaez/GI; Carlo A/GI; Donald Iain Smith/GI; Unit 8: Barcin/GI;
Fredrik Ottosson/Folio/GI; Alex Potemkin/GI; Jgalione/GI; Ze Martinusso/GI; angelhell/GI;
Unit 9: Cavan Image/GI; Fabio Principe/GI; ivanastar/GI; Larry Williams & Associates/GI;
Halfdark/GI; Klaus Vedfelt/GI; Carol Yepes/GI.
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Key: GI = Getty Images
The authors and publishers would like to thank the following for reviewing Stage 7: Nina Ambarwati,
Insan Cendekia Madani School; F.Rizwana R.Azhar, Lyceum International School; Sarah Farook,
Lyceum International School.
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ISBN_9781108963701.
Inhalt
Contents
Acknowledgements3
How to use this book 6
3 What we wear,
what we waste
1 Making connections 3.1 My style 40
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1.1 Meeting and greeting 8 3.2 How stylish were the Ancient Egyptians? 41
1.2 It’s better to give than to receive 9 3.3 Clothes and you 42
1.3 What should I give? 10 Use of English: Multi-word verbs
(phrasal and prepositional verbs) 43
Use of English: Past simple: regular and irregular 11
Use of English: Present passive 45
1.4
1.5
1.6
You and your family
Family history
You and your school
Use of English: Which / that, whoPL
Use of English: Should / shouldn’t + infinitive
and whose in defining relative clauses

Use of English: Present perfect simple
1.7 Improve your writing 22
13
15
16
17
18
20
3.4
3.5
3.6
Think globally, act locally
Don’t waste it!
Reduce, reuse, recycle
Use of English: Modal verbs and have (got) to,
ought to, need to50
Use of English: Present passive with modal verbs 52
3.7
3.8
Improve your writing
Poetry55
54
47
48
49
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1.8 Fiction23
2 Time to celebrate 4 From A to B

4.1 Getting around 56
2.1 Happy New Year! 24
4.2 By water, rail and road 57
2.2 Three festivals 25
4.3 Going places 58
2.3 Welcoming the spring 26
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Use of English: Past simple passive 59

Use of English: Prepositions preceding nouns
in time phrases 27 4.4 Two cities 63
Use of English: Compound adjectives 29 4.5 Cities for life 64
2.4 Special occasions 31 4.6 Venice: A beautiful city in danger 65
2.5 Starting out in life 32 Use of English: Comparative adjectives,
2.6 April Fools’ Day 33 not as, as much, (more) ... than66
Use of English: Comparative adverbs,
Use of English: Which, who and whose
(much) more ... than, not as ... as, far less ... than68
in non-defining relative clauses 34
Use of English: Participle adjectives 4.7 Improve your writing 70
ending in -ed and -ing36 4.8 Song lyrics 71
2.8 Poetry39
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Inhalt
5 The great outdoors Use of English: Verb + -ing113

Use of English: Verb + infinitive,
5.1 A school trip 72 verb + object + infinitive 115
5.2 The power of nature 73 7.7 Improve your writing 117
5.3 Finding your way 74 7.8 Autobiography118
Use of English: -ing forms 75
5.4 The land of adventure 78 8 In the news
5.5 The land of the long white cloud 79 8.1 A school magazine 119
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5.6 Alana goes to New Zealand 80 8.2 What’s in the news? 120
Use of English: Expressing the future 81 8.3 Can it be true? 121
5.7 Improve your writing 85 Use of English: Present perfect to talk about
events in the recent past 122
5.8 Fiction86
Use of English: Connectives: because, so that,
6 Sports and games
6.1
6.2
6.3
The language of sport
Getting to the top
Sport for all
Use of English: Abstract nouns
PL
Use of English: Pronouns everyone, anyone,
no one; everything, anything, nothing92
90
87
88
89
as, therefore, however, although124
8.4
8.5
8.6
A human interest story
What are the facts?
A dramatic event
Use of English: Quantifiers: both (of), either of /
neither of, each other / one another129
Use of English: Past continuous
126
127
128
131
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6.4 The final score 94
8.8 Autobiography134
6.5 The ancient Olympics 95
6.6 Racing to win 96 9 The digital world
Use of English: Comparative adverbs, including
9.1 Keeping in touch 135
irregular adverbs (better, worse ...)97
9.2 A restaurant with a difference 136
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9.3 Time well spent? 137

6.8 Fiction102
Use of English: Questions and requests 138
7 Success Use of English: Indefinite and
quantifying pronouns 140
7.1 At work 103
9.4 Zoom in! 142
7.2 Making science work 104
9.5 Farming for the future 143
7.3 A young entrepreneur 105
9.6 Doing without digital 144
Use of English: Adjective + preposition 106
Use of English: Multi-word verbs 145
Use of English: Adjective + infinitive 108
Use of English: If clauses 146
7.4 What are you like? 110
7.5 Making history 111
9.8 Non-fiction150
7.6 Personality quiz 112
Common irregular verbs 151
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How to use this book

This Workbook provides questions for you to practise what you have learned in class.
There is a unit to match each unit in your Learner’s Book, with one page for each lesson.
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Study tip
Using a dictionary
Use a good dictionary to help you
Tips to help you with
your learning.
PL with difficult words in a text. It will

show you how to pronounce the word
and what sort of word it is, and it will
explain the meaning. It may even
have a picture to help you.
Use of English
We use a defining relative clause to give essential

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Information to help you find out
information to define or identify the person or thing
more about grammar.
we are talking about.
I’ve got a friend. He stands on his head every day.
I’ve got a friend who stands on his head every day.
Do you know the Spanish girl? She lives on the
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third floor.
Do you know the Spanish girl who lives on the
third floor?
Use the Cambridge Learner Corpus Get it right!

to get your grammar right!
Don’t leave out will /’ll when making
predictions.
I’m sure you make the right decision. ✗
I’m sure you will make the right decision. ✓
6
ISBN_9781108963701.
There are opportunities to practise your grammar on the Use of English

pages in each unit. Each Use of English2 session
Time to is divided into three parts:
celebrate
2 Time to celebrate
Focus
Focus 1 Write at, on or in in the gaps.
Focus: These grammar questions a in
My brother went to Italy …………. September.
1 Write at, on or in in the gaps.
help you to master the basics.
a toMy b Bye!inSee you …………. Monday.
brother went to Italy …………. September.
2 Time celebrate
b Bye! See you ………….c Monday.
Can you come to my party …………. 11 November?
c
Focus Can you come to mydparty
We love looking
…………. at the sky …………. night.
11 November?
E
1 d We
Write at,love
on orlooking e skyWe
in in theatgaps.
the met eachnight.
…………. other …………. 2018.
e
a We met
My eachwent
brother f
otherto………….
Italy Do you
in ever
2018.
…………. go running …………. the evening?
September.
f
b Do you
Bye! Seeever
you go g Monday.
running
…………. Can you meet
…………. me …………. 6.30 tomorrow evening?
the evening?
cg meet me
Can you come hparty
………….
to my We oftentomorrow
6.30
…………. go 11
forNovember?
picnics …………. the weekend.
evening?
i sky My dad is going away for two weeks …………. July.
Practice: These grammar

h
more accurate and confi
l
questions help you to become
d
e
imdent.
h
i
fj
k
g
There
My
j
dad
Practice
2
k
l
PL
oftenlooking
We love
My met
We
My you
Do mum
She has
Can youto
Canoften
We
go for picnics
dad each
is going
I come
areis going
go and
going to
away
Practice
at the
away
other
is starting
ever go running
work
meet me………….
staym
l
………….
………….
ak new
………….
for picnics
be fireworks
………….
j for My
twomum
with
………….
for two weeks
My mum is starting
2 aFind
newsix
2018.
She
jobhas
………….
Can
There
jobmore
She has to work …………. Saturdays.
Find six more mistakes in the email.
Can I come and stay with Hi you
the weekend.
night.
weeksis………….
starting a July.
tothe
………….
I come
Saturdays.
6.30
work
tomorrow
arethe
you ………….
………….
midnight.
………….
………….
July.
………….
goingthe
1 September.
mistakes
new job …………. 1 September.
1………….
September.
evening?
and stay
evening?
to be
weekend.
Saturdays.
with you …………. the end of the month?
endfireworks
in the email.
the end of that

…………. midnight.
of the month?
the month? at
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all, just to let you know our next match is on 6 o’clock at Monday
m There are going to be fireworks
25that ………….hope
September. midnight. at all come to football ^practice in the weekend! It’s a
Hi all, just to let you know our next Imatch you
is oncan6 o’clock at Monday
Saturday, on 9 o’clock ^ morning. Remember: at October, all our matches w
on the
25 September. I hope you can all come to football practice in the weekend! It’s at
Practice start an hour earlier.
Saturday, on 9 o’clock on the morning. Remember: at October, all our matches will
2 Find six more mistakes in the email. Send
start an hour earlier.
Send
at
Hi all, just to let you know that our next match is on 6 o’clock at Monday
SA
^
25 September. I Challenge
hope you can all come to football practice in the weekend! It’s at
Challenge: These questions will on 9 o’clock
Saturday,
Challenge 3 Inon
your
thenotebook,
morning.make sentencesatthat
Remember: are trueallforour
October, youmatches
using thewill
correct preposition,
help you use language fluently anand
start notebook,
hour earlier. (or no preposition) and a suitable phrase from the box.
3 In your make sentences that are true for you using the correct preposition, Send
prepare for the next level.
(or no preposition) and a suitable phrase from
last week thethe box.
beginning of next year Monday morning July 2025
last week midnight
the beginning every Saturday
of next year Monday morning my birthday
July 2025 the morning
midnight
Challenge every Saturday my birthday the morning
Last week I stayed the night at my grandparents’ house.
3 In your notebook, make sentences that are true for you using the correct preposition,
(or
Lastnoweek
preposition) andnight
I stayed the a suitable
at my phrase from the
grandparents’ box.
house.
last week the beginning of next year Monday morning July 2025
midnight every Saturday my birthday the morning
28
28 Last week I stayed the night at my grandparents’ house.
28
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1 Making connections
1.1 Meeting and greeting
1 Read the text about Japan. Then write yes or no
beside each of the sentences. In Japan, the formal way to greet
each other is by bowing. Foreign
In formal situations ...
visitors can shake hands and bow
a No
Japanese people shake hands. ………… their head a little when they meet,
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b They bow when they meet. ………… or just nod their head. The bow is
quick, you don’t smile and there is
c If you come from another country it’s OK
little or no eye contact.
to shake hands. …………
When you are listening to a
2
d
PL
When you meet someone, it’s important to
look at them. …………
It’s good to nod when someone is speaking
to show you’re paying attention. …………
Complete the crossword with words you have used
in this lesson.
Across
1 In some countries, you greet people by
Japanese person, it is important
to nod your head. This shows that
you understand the speaker. When
you wave your hand in front of your
face it means ‘No’ or ‘I don’t know.’
Don’t stand too close to the other
person and never touch them.
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giving them a ………… on the cheek. (4) 1 2
4 A person you work with. (9)

8 Move your hand to say ‘Hello’ or ‘Goodbye’. (4) 3
9 Put your arms around someone. (3)

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10 ‘How are you?’ ‘I’m …………, thanks.’ (4) 4 5 6
Down 7
2 In some countries, you ………… hands

when you meet someone. (5)
8
3 A short way of saying ‘Goodbye’. (3)
9
5 The opposite of younger. (5)
6 A movement of the hand, arm or head to
10
express something. (7)
7 In Japan and China, it’s polite to ………… your head
when you meet someone. (3)
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1.2 History
1.2 It’s better to give than to receive

1 Write the words in the box next to their definitions.
brilliant celebrate centenary enamel enormous popular
a enormous
Very big ……………………
b Very clever ……………………
E
c Liked by many people ……………………
d Show that a day is important by having a party or special event
2
e
f
……………………
PL
The year that is a hundred years after a special event ……………………
Coloured material that is made of glass and which is painted on to metal
jewellery ……………………
Put the letters in the correct order to make a word that completes the sentence.
M
a soldier
My brother’s a ………………… (rieldos). He joined the army last year.
b They’re ………………… (denageg) and they’re going to get married in July.
c There’s a ………………… (uteats) of a man on a horse in the town square.

SA
d She was wearing a beautiful gold ………………… (inach) around

her neck.
e If they don’t stop that fire, it will ………………… (storyed) the village.
f The United States of America was called the United Colonies before the
American War of ………………… (nIcedeepdenn).
g He spent hours trying to fix his bike but he didn’t have any
………………… (scussec). It’s still broken.
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1.3 What should I give?

1 Read the text. Look up any words you don’t
know in a dictionary.
Bhutan is a country at the eastern end of

the Himalayas. The exchange of gifts is
an important part of Bhutanese life.
When you receive a present from
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someone, you should give a present
Study tip
in return. If their present comes in
a container, you should return the Using a dictionary
container with a few sweets or biscuits,
Use a good dictionary to help you with
PL
or some fruit in it. You should never
open a present in public, or in front of
the person who gave you the present.
When you first move into a house,
especially in a country area, your new
neighbours may welcome you with gifts
of eggs, apples or potatoes from their
garden. People also give presents to
someone who is going away from home
difficult words in a text. It will show you
how to pronounce the word and what
sort of word it is, and it will explain the
meaning. It may even have a picture to
help you.
This tells you how to

pronounce the word.
M
to study overseas, or on a long trip. Container / kənˈteɪnə / noun
When receiving a gift, the Bhutanese an object such as a box or a
always gently refuse to take the gift for a bottle that is used for holding
few minutes, with polite comments such something
as: ‘You really don’t have to do this,’ ‘It’s
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OK, I don’t really need it.’ You should This tells you
offer the gift a second or third time. The This tells you what sort of
person will then accept it. the meaning. word it is.
2 Write the definition of the following words and phrases. Use a dictionary if necessary.
a a gift
a present ………………… e overseas …………………
b a container ………………… f trip …………………
c in public ………………… g refuse …………………
d neighbours ………………… h comments …………………
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Use of English
Past simple: regular and irregular

Use of English
Positive: regular Wh- questions
Yesterday morning we stayed inside and Where did you get your chess set?
played chess. Who taught you to play chess?
When Tariq arrived, we stopped playing and Negative
E
studied for our history test.
Luckily I didn’t hurt myself and there weren’t
Positive: irregular any more accidents!
Then we went for a bike ride. It was fun
until I fell off my bike.
Questions
Did you go home after that?
Did you cycle home?
Was your bike OK?
Check!
Complete the rules.
PL Short answers
Yes, we did.
No, I didn’t.
No, it wasn’t.
M
We form the regular past simple by adding …………1 or d to the infinitive,
or by deleting y and adding …………2. Sometimes we double the consonant.
In the past simple we use did in questions and …………3 in negatives.
The past simple affirmative of be is …………4 in the singular and were in the plural.
SA
The negative is wasn’t / …………5.
Focus
1 Write positive and negative sentences in the past simple.
a (not play) table tennis yesterday. I (play) chess.
I didn’t play table tennis yesterday. I played chess.
………………………………………………………………………………………………..…
b The pandas (not look) happy. They (look) very sleepy.
………………………………………………………………………………………………..…
c Ken (not arrive) in the morning. He (arrive) in the afternoon.
………………………………………………………………………………………………..…
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d They (not try) to help. They (try) to hide.

………………………………………………………………
e I (not carry) the big suitcase. I (carry) the little one.
………………………………………………………………
f You (not drop) a plate. You (drop) a glass.
………………………………………………………………
g We (not have) lunch together. We (have) supper.
E
………………………………………………………………
Practice Get it right!

2 Find and correct the mistakes.
a
b
c
d
e
f
PL studied
I studyed English before. …………………
You writed about his book in your essay. …………………
She cryed when she heard the news. …………………
They wantted to wait outside. …………………
The children really enjoied themselves. …………………
He stoped the car and got out. …………………
Remember that we don’t
add regular endings to
irregular verbs:
We flyed to France last
year. ✗
We flew to France last
year. ✓
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Challenge
3 Write questions and answers in the past simple.
a Did Raz write this poem?
(Raz write) this poem? ……………………………………………………………………
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b What (you think) of the wedding? ………………………………………………………

c Who (send) you that beautiful card? ……………………………………………………
d (you watch) that film about pandas? ……………………………………………………
e No. I wrote it for my sister’s wedding.
No. I (write) it for my sister’s wedding. ………………………………………………….
f My friend Helen. She (make) it herself. …………………………………………………
g Yes, I (see) half of it but then I (fall) asleep. ……………………………………………
h I (think) it was beautiful but my mum (cry)! ……………………………………………
4 Match the questions and answers in Exercise 3.

a e
………… b ………… c ………… d …………
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Use of English
Should / shouldn’t + infinitive

Use of English It’s a really good book.
You should read it.
You shouldn’t use the

computer so much.
It’s bad for your eyes.
E
I’ve got a bad headache.
What should I do?
PL
We use should/shouldn’t when we give advice and suggestions.
We can also ask for advice and suggestions with should.
Should we watch
another film?
No, we shouldn’t.
It’s really late.
M
Check!
Complete the explanation.
You should do this = It’s good to do this; it’s a good idea.
You …………………1 do this = It’s not good to do this; it’s not a good idea.
SA
…………………2 I do this? = Is it a good idea to do this?
Focus
1 Circle the correct word.
a We should / shouldn’t send Nina a card. It’s her birthday tomorrow.
b You should / shouldn’t laugh. I’m talking about a serious problem.
c He should / shouldn’t work harder. He wants to be a doctor one day.
d People should / shouldn’t waste water.
e You should / shouldn’t look carefully before you cross the road.
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2 Order the words to make questions.

a Should we buy some flowers to
buy / flowers / Should / some / take / to / us / we / with / ? …………………………………
take with us?
………………………………………………………………………………………………..…
b about / I / party / Should / tell / the / Wang / ? ……….………………………………………
c on / our / we / work / projects / together / Should / ? ………………………………………..
d jackets / our / put / should / we / Where / ? .…………….……………………………………
e bring / How / money / much / we / should / ? ..………………………………………………
E
Practice
3 A doctor is speaking. Complete her words with should or shouldn’t and a verb from the box.
a
b
c
d
PL
go clean do talk drink play spend eat
Be healthy!
should do exercise or sport four times a week.
You ………………
You ……………… to bed late. We all need eight hours sleep a night.
We ……………… our teeth after every meal.
You ……………… plenty of fruit and vegetables.
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e Young children ……………… coffee. It isn’t good for them.
f Everyone ……………… some time outside every day.
Fresh air is good for us.
g You ……………… computer games all day. It’s bad for your eyes.
SA
h When you have problems you ……………… about them to family or friends.
Challenge
4 How can you make your life, your school, your town better?
Complete the sentences with your own ideas.
a go to bed earlier
I think I should ………………………………………………………………………………. .
b I don’t think I should ……………………………………………………………..............… .
c I think at school we should …………………………………………………………….....…. .
d I don’t think ………… should ………………………………………………………………. .
e I don’t think ………… should ..……………………………………………………………... .
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1.4 Think about it
1.4 You and your family

1 Read Laila’s words and write the names of 1
the people on the family tree.
‘I’m Laila. I’m married to Farid. We have
a boy, Rachid, and a girl, Samira. My mum’s 2 3
name is Khadija and my father is called
Yousef. One of my grandparents is still
alive. It’s my mum’s dad. His name is
E
Ali and he’s 85. I have a sister called
Jamila and a brother called Khalil.
Jamila is married to Omar and they 4 5 6 7 8
have a boy called Amir and two girls,
Yasmin and Salma.’
2 What do they say about family
aunt
son
uncle
nieces
cousin
PL
life? Use words from the box to
complete the sentences.
parents
9
Yasmin
daughter
sisters
10
family
11
grandfather
nephews brother (x2)
12 13
great grandfather
M
a sisters
Amir: ‘My ………………… Yasmin g Rachid: ‘My ………………… Ali tells
and Salma are very silly. My some amazing stories.’
………………… Rachid is cool.’ h Jamila: ‘Dad’s father – our
b Khadija: ‘I think my ………………… grandfather was called Khalil, like my
Khalil should get married and start a ………………… .’
SA
………………… .’ i Salma: ‘My ………………… Farid is

c Farid: ‘My ………………… Samira the best cook in the world!’
made me a delicious cake.’ j Khalil: ‘It’s very expensive buying
d Samira: ‘My ………………… Jamila presents for my three …………………
is an amazing swimmer.’ and two ………………… .’
k Samira: ‘Both my …………………
e Yasmin: ‘My ………………… Amir
wear glasses.’
never helps with my homework.’
f Omar: ‘I’m teaching Jamila’s
………………… Ali to use a mobile
phone. It isn’t an easy job!’
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1.5 Family history

1 Solve the crossword. 1 2
Across
1 We all receive 50% of our
3 4
…………. material from each
5
parent. (7)
6 7
4 The largest ocean. (7)
8 9
6 ‘I’m …………. from people
E
who travelled to Canada
thousands of years ago.’ (9) 10 11 12
8 Everyone’s ancestors came 13 14
from this continent. (6) 15
11 This is short for
one. (9) PL
deoxyribonucleic acid. (3)
15 Europe is one; Asia is another
16 Some people want to learn about

their family …………. (7) 16
M
Down 10 The people who started your family a
2 The part of the cell that contains very long time ago. (9)
genetic information. (7) 12 Sydney, Canberra and Darwin are
3 A member of your family. (8) cities in this country. (9)
5 Eye colour is ……. It depends on the 13 Another word for join. (4)
SA
eye colour of a person’s parents. (10) 14 They are the small things that make
7 Find out. (8) up all the parts of our bodies. (5)
9 The second largest ocean. (8)
2 Complete the text with the correct word from the box.
cell DNA genetic know nucleus work
cell
Our bodies have around 210 types of …………. 1
Each cell does a different job to help our body to
…………2. There are blood cells, bone cells and cells that make our muscles. Cells …………3 what
to do because DNA in the …………4 tells them. DNA is like a computer program. The cell is the
computer and the …………5 is the program or code. Inside the DNA, there are genes. Genes
give …………6 instructions. They tell a cell how to make protein to grow and live.
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1.6 Talk about it
1.6 You and your school

1 Complete the conversation between Anisha and Adam with the correct form of
the verbs in the present perfect.
Anisha: have you enjoyed
Which subjects ……………………………… 1
(you / enjoy) most?
Adam: Well, I ………………………………2 (enjoy) Science. I like doing experiments

in the lab. What about you?
Anisha: English is my favourite subject, because we ………………………………3 (read)
E
some funny stories and we ………………………………4 (do) some creative writing.
………………………………5 (you / do) any after-school activities?
Adam: Yes, I have. I ………………………………6 (join) the school orchestra.
I’m learning to play the drums. What about you?
Adam:
Anisha:
Adam:
PL
Anisha: I ………………………………7 (not / have) time. Which sports
………………………………8 (you / play)?
I ………………………………9 (play) football.
I’ve played volleyball.
………………………………10 (the headteacher / speak) to you yet?
Anisha: Yes, she knows my name. She said, ‘Good morning, Anisha’.
………………………………11 (you / enjoy) this term so far?
M
Adam: Yes, I have. I ………………………………12 (make) quite a lot of new friends
and I ………………………………13 (enjoy) it.
Challenge
SA
2 Write the answers to these questions.

a Which subjects have you enjoyed most this term?
……………………………………………………………………………………
b Why have you enjoyed those subjects?
……………………………………………………………………………………
c Which sports or after-school activities have you done?
……………………………………………………………………………………
d What have you enjoyed most about school so far this term?
……………………………………………………………………………………
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Which / that, who and whose

in defining relative clauses
Use of English
We use a defining relative clause to give essential
information to define or identify the person or thing
we are talking about.
E
I’ve got a friend. He stands on his head every day.
I’ve got a friend who stands on his head every day.
Do you know the Spanish girl? She lives on the third floor.
Do you know the Spanish girl who lives on the third floor?
Check!
Complete the rules.
PL
We can use the relative pronouns who, which, that, whose to join two sentences.
The part of the sentence starting with who / which / that / whose
is called a …………………1 clause.
We use …………………2 or …………………3 for people.
We use …………………4 or …………………5 for things and animals.
M
Focus
1 Circle the correct relative pronoun.
a Have you seen those lizards who / which can change colour?
SA
b I’ve got a friend who / which can speak five languages.

c I never wear shoes who / which hurt my feet.
d Nadia knows someone who / which has a pet spider.
e Where are the books who / which were lying on the table?
f My mother likes films who / which make her cry.
g I don’t know anybody who / whose parents own a restaurant.
2 Rewrite all the which sentences in Exercise 1 with that.

a Have you seen those lizards that can change colour?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
b …………………………………………………………………………………………………..
c …………………………………………………………………………………………………..
d …………………………………………………………………………………………………..
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Use of English
Practice
3 Join the sentences with who, that or whose.
a What’s the name of the boy? He fell off the stage in the concert.
What’s the name of the boy who fell off the stage in the concert?
………………………………………………………............................................................
b I had lunch with the girl. Her father owns the local cinema.
………………………………………………………............................................................
c He liked the cakes. They remind him of his granny’s cooking.
E
………………………………………………………............................................................
d The magician did a trick. It amazed everyone.
………………………………………………………............................................................
4
e
b
c
I don’t like people
That’s the girl
PL
What’s the name of the tennis player? She won at Wimbledon last year.
………………………………………………………............................................................
Match the sentence beginnings with the endings. Then join them with who, which / that or whose.
a My friend has a cat 1
2
3
does our homework!
likes watching TV.
talk in the cinema.
M
d Let’s invent a machine 4 father taught us to swim.
a My friend has a cat that likes watching TV.
………………………………………………………........………........………........………...
b ………………………………………………………........………........………........………...
c ………………………………………………………........………........………........………...
SA
d ………………………………………………………........………........………........………...
Challenge
5 Complete these sentences with who / which / whose + a relative clause.
a who loves making cakes.
I’ve got a cousin ………………………………………………………………………………
b I like films ……………………………………………………………………………………..
c I don’t like people ……………………………………………………………………………..
d I want a machine ………………………………………………………………………………
e I’ve got a friend ……………………………………………………………………………….
f I know …………………………………………………………………………………………
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Present perfect simple

Use of English
Affirmative
I’ve finished my painting.
My uncle has opened a new shop.
They’ve moved to Australia.
E
Negative
Dianne hasn’t started her project yet.
You haven’t talked to me all day. Irregular forms
Questions and short answers Aarav has lost his glasses.
She hasn’t broken her leg but she’s hurt it.
Have you started your homework?
No, I haven’t.
Has Chau asked you to her party?
Yes, she has.
Check!
Complete the rules.
PL Have you seen the new lab?
There’s a list of irregular past participles on
page 151 of this book.
We form the present perfect simple with the verb …………………1 and the past participle.
M
In the third person singular, the short form of has is …………………2, e.g. It’s stopped
raining.
The past participle of regular verbs ends in …………………3.
Many verbs have an irregular past participle: break / …………………4,

SA
lose / …………………5, see / …………………6.

We use the present perfect simple to talk about actions in the past that have a result in the
present, e.g. I …………………7 lost my glasses (= I haven’t got them now).
Get it right!
Remember that we never use the present perfect with time phrases like yesterday,
last week/night/year, on Saturday. With those time phrases, we use the past simple:
I saw Kim last week.
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Use of English
Focus
1 Complete each sentence with the correct verb in the present perfect.
answer close finish travel invite try wait
a ’ve finished our homework. Can we go and play football?

We …………………
b I ………………… the email from Karen.
c Great! Melissa ………………… me to her party.
E
d My uncle is a pilot and he ………………… all over the world.
e We ………………… long enough and he still isn’t here. Let’s go without him.
f They ………………… the cinema so now we always watch films online.
g
Practice
2
a
b
c
Has Anita arrived yet?
………… PL
I ………………… all the cakes in that shop and they’re all delicious.
Complete the questions with have or has.
………… you saved enough money

to buy a bicycle?
………… I played tennis with you?
e
f
g
………… we walked a kilometre yet?
………… it stopped raining?
………… they talked about their plans
for the future?
M
d ………… Ahmet visited recently?
Challenge
3 Complete the dialogue with a phrase from the box, using the present perfect.
SA
a A: Does Aysha like your new hairstyle?

she hasn’t seen it yet. I (not / eat) all day.
B: I think she will but ……………………………............
I (not / break) it.
b A: What’s the camera like on that phone?
I (not / take) any photos yet.
B: I don’t know. ……………………………............
She (not / write) to me.
c A: Would you like a piece of cake?
She (not / see) it yet.
B: Yes, please. ……………………………............
d A: Does your leg hurt a lot?
B: It hurts a bit. Luckily, ……………………………............
e A: Is Lena having fun in Australia?
B: I don’t know. ……………………………............
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1.7 Improve your writing

1 A teacher is speaking. Complete the sentences with and, but, so or because.
a and
The first month of term has gone fast ………………. I’ve been very busy.
b The new students have settled in ………………. made friends.
c Most of them are doing well ………………. there have been a few problems.
d Last week one student was 15 minutes late for a lesson ………………. I gave him extra
homework.
E
e I’ve agreed to help with the after-school jazz band ………………. I’m going to organise a
concert at the end of term.
2 Complete the science teacher’s report for the school website with words from the box.
chemistry far
few
The first ………....… 1
PL
few first lab marks presentation
weeks have gone ………....…2 and I’ve

enjoyed ………....…3 the new students. At ………....…4 some
of them were a bit nervous about learning ………....…5
because it’s a completely new ………....…6 for them. But they
love our beautiful new science ………....…7. Yesterday two
students gave a ………....…8 about the DNA of an onion.
subject teaching well
M
It was excellent so I gave them good ………....…9. So
………....…10, so good!
3 Imagine you are a sports, languages or art teacher at your school. You have to write
a report for the school website. Plan your report by answering these questions.
SA
a What subject do you teach? ………….………….…………..………….…………..…………

b What is the classroom/gym/sports ground/art studio like? ………….………….…………....
c Have any of your students done presentations? About what? ………….………….…………
d Have you agreed to help with any after-school activities? ………….………….………….…..
e Are you going to organise an end-of-term party or concert? ………….………….………….
Challenge
4 Use Exercises 1 and 2 to write your report in your notebook. It should be about 100 words.
Start like this: It has been a good term so far with my new students. I teach …………. and this term
I have got …………. [how many?] new students.
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1.8 Read and respond
1.8 Fiction
1 Complete the text with words from the box.
allow forest goat guards thought peasants poorest powerful sent time
Once upon a …………time 1 there was a rich and …………2 man. All the people who lived near him
were poor …………3, who worked on his land. The rich man didn’t …………4 them to come
near his house.
E
One day a peasant said, ‘Once I saw the rich man in his garden.’ Another peasant said, ‘I saw him
in the …………5 riding his horse.’ A third peasant, who was the …………6 man in the village,
said, ‘That’s nothing! I can go and eat with him any time.’ The others said, ‘Don’t talk rubbish! If you
ever have a meal with him in his house, we’ll give you a …………7 and three bags of rice.’
2
PL
The next day, the peasant went to the rich man’s house and told the …………8 that he had
good news, which he could only say in private. The guards told the rich man what the peasant
had said. The rich man …………9 the peasant would tell him something important that could
make him even richer. So he …………10 the guards away and let the peasant come in.
Put the dialogue between the rich man and the peasant in the correct order.
[ ] Peasant: I can’t say, Sir, but I need to
know.
[ ] Rich man: But why? Have you found
gold?
M
[ ] Peasant: It’s not exactly good news, [ 11 ] Rich man: Good. Now where is the gold
Sir. It’s a question. What’s the and I’ll give you a sack of
value of a piece of gold the corn.
size of a melon? [ ] Rich man: Oh, you’re hungry. You can
[ ] Peasant: Thank you, Sir. I enjoyed have lunch with me.
that meal. [ ] Rich man: Servants, bring us lunch for
SA
[ ] Peasant: Not exactly. But if you don’t me and my guest. NOW!

know the price of gold, I’ll go [ 1 ] Rich man: What’s this good news you
home for lunch. want to tell me, peasant?
[ ] Rich man: The size of a melon? Why do
[ ] Peasant: Thank you, Sir. I would like to
you want to know that?
stay for lunch.
Challenge
3 Read the ending and write the dialogue between the peasant and the rich man in your notebook.
In the end the peasant tells the rich man that he hasn’t got any gold. The rich man gets
angry and calls him a fool. The peasant says that he isn’t a fool because he has had a good
meal and won a goat and three bags of rice from his friends.
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2 Time to celebrate
2.1 Happy New Year!
1 Match the beginnings of the nouns to their endings. Then write the complete noun.
a happi val happines
………….………….
b weal ation ………….………….
c arri bol ………….………….
E
d wis tion ………….………….
e li fe ………….………….
f decor ness ………….………….
2
g
h
sym
celebra
paper symbolises
PL th
dom
Complete the text with words from the box.
another celebrate festivals

tradition
We’ve been learning about ………….…….festivals 1

light
water
meal
wishes
around the world at

………….………….
………….………….
month
M
school, such as Diwali, Eid al-Fitr and Wesak. We also learned about
New Year in Cuba. Cubans ………….…….2 New Year in a special
way. First they write a list of ………….…….3 and dreams for the
next year on a piece of ………….…….4. And on ………….…….5
piece of paper, they write down all the bad things from the old
year. It might be doing badly in an exam or losing a phone.
SA
In the evening, they ………….…….6 candles and put them in the windows. Then
everyone eats a special ………….…….7 with their family. And at midnight, there’s an
interesting ………….…….8 – everyone eats twelve grapes, one for each ………….…….9
of the year. As they eat each grape, they make a wish. Next, everyone reads out their
wishes from their list. And they burn the list of bad things.
After midnight most people throw a bucket of ………….…….10 out of their door.
This ………….…….11 throwing out the bad things from the old year.
I will definitely wear a plastic raincoat if I ever visit Cuba at New Year!
Challenge
3 Imagine it is New Year’s Eve and you are in Cuba. Write three wishes that you want to
happen next year and three bad things from the old year that mustn’t happen again.
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2.2 World religions
2.2 Three festivals

1 Circle the correct words and cross out the incorrect words in the text.
In the Hindu idea / religion1, Diwali is an important festival / community2. It takes

place in October or November, but the exact day depends on the public / lunar3 month.
People light lamps, set off fireworks / oil4 and decorate / clean5 their houses with
brightly coloured dragons / patterns6 called ‘rangoli’. Rangoli are produced / made7
with cooked / coloured8 rice, sand or flower petals. At Diwali, people give each other
E
gifts / decorations9 such as sweets, dried fruit or candles. Diwali lasts / finishes10 five
days. The fourth day of Diwali is the Hindu New Month / Year11. During Diwali, which is
sometimes called the festival / holiday12 of lights, Hindus say presents / prayers13 and
celebrate because light / darkness14 has won against light / darkness15.
[
PL
Read the two mixed-up emails.
Separate them and put them in order by numbering them a–d and 1–4.
] I got new trainers as an Eid present from my parents. What is your biggest festival in Sri Lanka?
Bye for now
Hamid
M
[ a ] Hi Hamid
There are quite a few religions in Sri Lanka: Buddhism, Hinduism, Islam and Christianity. I’m a
Buddhist and for us the most important day of the year is Wesak.
[ ] We took them a big box of cakes and then we went home for a family meal.
[ ] In the morning, we take flowers to the temple and we give money and food to the people
who look after it.
SA
[ ] This morning, we went to the mosque for prayers. Then we went to see my cousins.
[ ] In the evening we usually join a procession and walk through the streets and other public
places singing. There are colourful paper lanterns everywhere.
[ ] It’s not a time for eating a lot – it’s a time for reflection, for thinking about how we can be
better people.
Write soon and tell me more about your country.
Manith
[ 1 ] Hi Manith
The month of Ramadan is over now and we are all celebrating Eid al-Fitr. Fitr means the
end of fasting, so we’re eating a lot of delicious food.
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2 Time to celebrate
2.3 Welcoming the spring

1 Read the text and underline any words you don’t understand.
Do not use a dictionary. Which religion is mentioned?
Songkran is a national holiday celebrating the New

Year in Thailand. In ancient times, Songkran was
celebrated in the first lunar month of the year,
but the date is now fixed. Offices and schools are
E
shut from 13 April to 15 April.
On the day before Songkran, people clean their houses and get rid of the things
they don’t need any more. This symbolises throwing out the bad luck and sorrows
PL
from the old year as they look forward to good luck in the new year.
On the first day of Songkran, people put on new clothes and go to the temple.
They give the Buddhist monks who work in the temple rice, fruit and other food.
There’s a smell of jasmine everywhere. In the open areas around the temple,
families make buildings of sand and decorate them with flowers and flags. People
also visit older relatives and neighbours and pour a little water over their hands.
If you go to Thailand at Songkran, be ready to get soaked when you go out. Throwing
M
buckets of water at each other in the streets is one of the most popular activities
during this festival. Don’t worry! It’s lots of friendly fun. After all, April is the hottest
month in Thailand, so when somebody throws water over you, it can be quite nice!
SA
2 Find a word or phrase in the text with this meaning. Do not use a dictionary.
If you aren’t sure, guess.
a natinal holiday
holiday for the whole country ……………………………………………
b always the same; doesn’t change ……………………………………………
c sad feelings ……………………………………………
d men who live in a religious community away from their family
……………………………………………
e very wet ……………………………………………
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Use of English
Prepositions preceding nouns in time phrases

Use of English
in We’re going to Australia at the end of
It’s cold in the UK in January. the year.
Were you born in 2010? Ken is visiting us at the beginning of
February.
In the summer we like to go camping by
E
the sea. Dave isn’t going to be here at New Year.
In the 18th century, telephones didn’t exist. No preposition
Can you call me in the morning, please? I’m leaving next week.
on We’re going to meet next Monday.

New Year’s Day is on 1 January.
morning.
PL
We have to go back to school on Monday
In France, the museums are free on the

first Sunday of the month.
On New Year’s Eve most people stay up
until midnight.
We see each other every Saturday.
I saw her last Christmas.
She was here this January.
M
at
At weekends we often play tennis.
Would you like to meet at lunchtime?
We’re going to eat twelve grapes at
midnight!
SA
Check!
Complete the rules by circling the correct word.
We use in / on / at 1 with months, years, seasons, periods in history, parts of the day.
We use in / on / at 2 with days and dates.
We use in / on / at 3 with clock times, festivals, the weekend, the beginning/end of.
Be careful! We say ………….4 Monday morning but ………….5 the morning.
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2 Time to celebrate
Focus Get it right!

1 Write at, on or in in the gaps.
Remember that we say
a in
My brother went to Italy …………. September. in with months but on
b Bye! See you …………. Monday. with dates.
c Can you come to my party …………. 11 November? My birthday is in July. My
birthday is on 23 July.
d We love looking at the sky …………. night.
e We met each other …………. 2018.
f Do you ever go running …………. the evening?
E
g Can you meet me …………. 6.30 tomorrow evening?
h We often go for picnics …………. the weekend.
i My dad is going away for two weeks …………. July.
j
k
l
m
Practice
2
PL
My mum is starting a new job …………. 1 September.
She has to work …………. Saturdays.
Can I come and stay with you …………. the end of the month?
There are going to be fireworks …………. midnight.
Find six more mistakes in the email.

M
at
Hi all, just to let you know that our next match is on 6 o’clock at Monday
^
25 September. I hope you can all come to football practice in the weekend! It’s at
Saturday, on 9 o’clock on the morning. Remember: at October, all our matches will
start an hour earlier.
SA
Senden
Challenge
3 In your notebook, make sentences that are true for you using the correct preposition,
(or no preposition) and a suitable phrase from the box.
last week the beginning of next year Monday morning July 2025
midnight every Saturday my birthday the morning
Last week I stayed the night at my grandparents’ house.
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Use of English
Compound adjectives
Use of English
You can use two words together to make a compound adjective.
He was wearing old-fashioned clothes.
We were heartbroken when our grandmother died.
The baby was very well-behaved and didn’t make any noise.
E
Everyone in that family is really good-looking.
They made a last-minute plan to go camping.
Can you believe it – we have to write a five-page essay!
Check!
These are some ways of forming

compound adjectives: PL
Complete the rules with these words: adverb noun
with an adjective + ………….………….1 participle, for example, old-fashioned

with a ………….………….2 + past participle, for example, heartbroken
with an ………….………….3 + past participle, for example, brightly coloured
noun past participle
M
with an adjective + present ………….………….4, for example, good-looking
with an adjective + ………….………….5, for example, last-minute
Circle the correct word to complete the rule.
Most compound adjectives have a hyphen (-) between the letters / words 6.
SA
Focus
1 Complete the caption for each picture with a compound adjective from the box.
top-secret mouth-watering record-breaking short-sighted
a b
‘I’ve got some ………….………….

It was a ………….…………. jump. information. Don’t tell anyone.’
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2 Time to celebrate
c d
She’s very ………….…………. . ‘I can’t wait to try one of those

………….…………. cakes.’
E
Practice
2 Complete the compound adjectives with words from the box.
closed full hand hard long minded time hearted
a
b
c
d
e
f
hand
A second-………….………….
PL
car is cheaper than a new one.
A kind-………….…………. person is always kind to people.
An open-………….…………. person is interested in other people’s ideas.
If you have a part-………….…………. job, you don’t work all day every day.
In winter I usually wear ………….………….-sleeved shirts to keep my arms warm.
He never helps poor people although he’s very rich, because he’s very
………….………….-hearted and doesn’t care about other people’s problems.
M
g She never tries anything new because she’s so ………….………….-minded.
h He’s very busy now that he has started a ………….………….-time job.
Challenge
SA
3 Write sentences using these compound adjectives.
old-fashioned long-sleeved hard-hearted second-hand brightly coloured
I love my great grandparents’ old-fashioned clothes in this photo.

a ……………………………………………………………………………………
b ……………………………………………………………………………………
c ……………………………………………………………………………………
d ……………………………………………………………………………………
e ……………………………………………………………………………………
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2.4 Think about it
2.4 Special occasions

baby child children early teens elderly middle-aged

mid teens teenagers thirties toddler
children
There are five ………….…………. 1
in the Khan family and the age range is rather
big! The youngest is a tiny ………….………….2. She’s only six weeks old and she’s
E
called Noor. Then comes a ………….………….3 aged two called Omar. Then
there’s a big gap. There are three ………….………….4. Fatima is 13, so in her
………….………….5. Then there’s Yousuf in his ………….………….6. He’s 15. And
the eldest isn’t really a ………….………….7 any more! It’s Reem who is 17. Mrs Khan
2
and full of life.
Circle the correct words.

PL
is now in her late ………….………….8. Mr Khan is now 46, so I guess you could
call him ………….………….9, although I’m sure he wouldn’t like that! Mr Khan’s
………….………….10 dad lives with them. He’s just turned 80 but he’s very active
In Bulgaria, there is a special party / birth1 when a baby / teenager 2 takes its first steps and
M
becomes a toddler. It’s called proshtapoulnik and guests / teens3 are usually invited to a party.
Traditionally, the toddler’s adult / mother 4 makes a round loaf of bread decorated with the
shape of the toddler’s feet. The bread is rolled and the toddler has to run / follow 5 it and
catch it. If the toddler doesn’t fall, it’s an occasion / a sign6 that in life, they will be quick
and coordinated.
SA
Another important part of the celebration / festival7 is predicting the child’s future career.
The family arrange / invite8 a few things which celebrate / symbolise9 different jobs.
A calculator could be the symbol / age10 for a career in a bank, for example. The object that
the child picks up first will show their future / formal11 profession.
Challenge
3 Answer the questions with full sentences.
a At what age are you an adult in your country?
……………………………………………………………………………………
b What is the best age to be in your opinion and why?
……………………………………………………………………………………
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2 Time to celebrate
2.5 Starting out in life

1 Match the words in the box to the definitions.
adult birth community event paternal grandparents relative tradition
a relative
A member of your family. …………………………………....
b The time when a baby comes out of its mother’s body. …………………………………....
c The parents of a child’s father. …………………………………....
E
d A person that is fully grown and no longer a child. In Europe you become one at the age
of 18. …………………………………....
e A way of doing things that people in a particular group have followed for a long time.
…………………………………....
2
f
g
PL
A group of people with the same culture who live close to each other or stay in close
contact with each other. …………………………………....
Something important that happens. …………………………………....
Complete the paragraphs with the correct sentence a to e.
New parents all over the world want to choose the right name for their baby. And most parents
M
think that it can help with their child’s success in life. [ b ]
In many countries of Africa, parents give their baby a name that expresses their circumstances
at the time. For example, Lindiwe, which means ‘we have waited’, is a name in the isiZulu
language of South Africa. [ ]
In Zimbabwe, parents believe that a child’s name can influence not just the child’s life but also
the life of the whole family. [ ]
SA
In Nigeria, Yorubans have traditional names for twins. Taiyewo, for example, is often the name
given to the first twin that is born. It means the taster of the world. The traditional idea is that
the other twin sent him or her out first to go and check if the world was OK. [ ]
In France, a couple wanted to name their daughter Liam, which is traditionally an Irish boy’s
name. [ ]
a Yananiso, for example, is a name used in Zimbabwe that means ‘bringing the
family together’.
b But the traditions around choosing a name are not the same in every country.
c The second twin to arrive is often named Kehinde, which means late arrival.
d The law did not allow it.
e It is often given to a baby girl after a long line of sons.
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2.6 Talk about it
2.6 April Fools’ Day

1 Every seventh word in the dialogue is missing. Write a suitable word in each gap.
Some may be simple words like a or an. There can be several possibilities for
some of the gaps.
Zahra: an 1 English exam today.

Don’t forget we’ve got ………….
Hassan: Oh no! ………….2 time? I haven’t done any revision.
E
Zahra: Ha, Ha! ………….3 Fool! You fell for that.
Hassan: Nice ………….4! I was just reading about April ………….5 Day.
Zahra: ………….6 was I. And that’s what gave ………….7 the idea.
Hassan: Did you see the ………….8 about the leopard in Russia?
Zahra:
Zahra:
PL
No, ………….9 was that about?
Hassan: At Leopard Land, ………….10 is a Russian national park, they
………….11 a photo of an unusual leopard. ………….12 at the
picture.
………….13 me see. That’s crazy! It’s black ………….14 yellow spots.
The colours are the ………….15 way round!
M
Hassan: But, guess what, people ………….16 for it anyway!
2 Put the lines of the dialogue in the correct order. Number them 1 to 9.
[ ] A: Not really. But I’m worried she’ll play a really horrible trick on me
SA
next year.
[ 1 ] A: Did anyone play an April Fools’ Day trick on you yesterday?
[ ] A: Yes she did! I thought she was going to be sick! Then I said April
Fool, mum!
[ ] A: How long did it take you to realise it was a trick?
[ ] A: Yes. I put salt in the sugar bowl and my mum didn’t realise. She
made herself a coffee then added a spoon of salt to it.
[ ] B: Two minutes but I nearly died of fright. Did you play tricks on anyone?
[ ] B: Did she drink it in front of you?
[ ] B: Was she angry?
[ ] B: Yes. My sister said there was a big spider on my back.
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2 Time to celebrate
Which, who and whose in non-defining

relative clauses
Use of English
In Unit 1, we learned about defining relative clauses. Non-defining relative
clauses give extra information. We use a comma before the relative clause,
and a comma or a full stop after it.
E
The film, which made all of us cry, was about a very poor family.
In both types of relative clause we use who (for people), which

(for things and animals) and whose. We can also use that for
people and things in defining relative clauses. We do NOT use
PL
that in non-defining relative clauses.
I know somebody that speaks seven languages.
They played music that made everyone want to dance.
Alice, who speaks seven languages, wants to get a job as an
interpreter.
The music, which was very fast, made everyone want to dance.
Check!
M
Circle the correct words to complete the rules.
We can / can’t 1 use that in non-defining relative clauses.
We use / don’t use 2 commas in non-defining relative clauses.
SA
Focus
1 Complete the sentences with who, which or whose.
a which is on 1 April every year.
Children in the UK love April Fools’ Day, ………….
b Christmas, …………. is a big festival for Christians, is on 25 December.
c Seth, …………. father is a famous actor, sometimes gives me free tickets to the theatre.
d Jake’s cat, …………. favourite food is fish, loves watching TV programmes about the
sea.
e Omar, …………. is brilliant at sport, wants to be a professional football player.
f Swahili, …………. is an African language, is spoken by about 98 million people.
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Use of English
Practice
2 Combine the sentences with which, who or whose and a non-defining relative clause.
a My paternal grandmother was Dutch. She died before I was born.
My paternal grandmother, who died before I was born, was Dutch.
……………………………………………………….............................................................
b The name Theodore means ‘present from God’. It is often shortened to Theo.
……………………………………………………….............................................................
c Natasha speaks fluent Russian. Her grandmother was born in Moscow.
……………………………………………………….............................................................
E
d Proshtapoulnik celebrates a baby’s first steps. It is a family celebration in Bulgaria.
……………………………………………………….............................................................
e My paternal grandfather was very good-looking. His photo is on that wall.
Challenge
3 PL
……………………………………………………….............................................................
Put the right extra information in a relative clause inside the sentences.
Use who, whose or which and commas.
Extra information
M
It celebrates the Hindu New Year. Her name is Lady Maslenitsa.
It is also called the spring festival. She was wearing a long dress.
They are Russian pancakes.
a Chinese New Year is the most important celebration in the Chinese calendar.
SA
Chinese New Year, which is also called the spring festival, is the most important celebration in
……………………………………………………….............................................................
the Chinese calendar.
……………………………………………………….............................................................
b In Russia a straw doll is burned at the beginning of spring.
……………………………………………………….............................................................
c Blinis are eaten with butter and honey or caviar.
……………………………………………………….............................................................
d Lorena was afraid she might fall over at her fifteenth birthday party.
……………………………………………………….............................................................
e Diwali is an important holiday in India.
……………………………………………………….............................................................
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2 Time to celebrate
Participle adjectives ending in -ed and -ing

Use of English
There are many adjectives ending in -ed or -ing, for example bored/boring,
surprised/surprising.
We use adjectives ending in -ed to
describe how a person feels.
We use adjectives ending in -ing to
E
describe something or somebody who
causes the feeling.
I’m bored. This game is really boring.
Check!
Complete the lists.
-ed
bored
……………. 2
interested
……………. 4
PL
-ing
……………. 1
surprising
……………. 3
amazing
M
Focus
1 Circle the correct adjective.
a Are you interesting / interested in sport?
SA
b This book is amazing / amazed. You must read it.
c She’s travelled a lot and tells lots of interesting / interested stories.
d I was really surprising / surprised that we lost the match.
e I find shopping is quite tiring / tired.
f The instructions for my new phone are very confusing / confused.
g I get very annoying / annoyed when my sister takes my things without asking.
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Use of English
Practice
2 Complete each sentence with a word from the box. There are four extra words that are not used.
amused amusing annoyed annoying boring confusing

excited exciting interested interesting surprising tired
a tired
He went to bed late last night so this morning he’s very ………………… .
b The film was so ………………… that I fell asleep.
c Leila tells lots of funny stories. I find her very ………………… .
E
d She doesn’t like football. In fact, she’s not ………………… in any sports.
e We got lost. The little map you gave us was a bit ………………… .
f We’re moving into our new house tomorrow. I’m so ………………… .
3
g
h
Challenge PL
My dad always gets ………………… with me if I’m late.
We expected to lose the match. It was really ………………… when we won.
Write sentences that are true for you.

a
b
I ’m not interested in ………….………….………….………….……..….....……….……….. .
It ’s annoying when ………….………….………….……….…….………….…………....….. .
M
c My friend gets annoyed when ………….………….…….……….…………....….……….…. .
d I was amused when ………….………….………….……….………….…….…………........ .
SA
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2 Time to celebrate

1 The paragraphs below are not in the correct order. Put them in the correct order by numbering
them 1 to 5. Then choose from the box and write the purpose next to the numbers.
The writer’s personal point of view What happens at the event?

What happens before the event? When? Where? Why? Conclusion
2 Some extra details that make the description more interesting have been underlined.
Which two extra details do you find the most interesting? Circle them.
E
School summer fairs
A[ ] ………….………….………….………….………….………….
PL
For weeks before the event, parents, teachers and students plan the day. The organisers
find helpers to make and sell food and decorate the playground with flags and
balloons. And they organise music, games and competitions.
B[ ] ………….………….………….………….………….………….
I love our school summer fair and so do all my friends. We get a chance to see our teachers
relaxed and smiling, and to enjoy our school without being in lessons.
C[ ] ………….………….………….………….………….………….
M
The most popular competition is the fancy dress competition. Shop-bought costumes
aren’t allowed. Students make their own. There are also stalls selling second-hand
books, games and home-made cakes. Everyone has lots of fun.
D[ ] ………….………….………….………….………….………….
Finally, the money made at a fair can be astonishing. Last year our school made £8000.
SA
Some of that came from freshly picked strawberries from our garden.
When? Where? Why?
E [ 1 ] ………….………….………….………….………….………….
Every year UK schools have a ‘summer fair’. It usually takes place in the school playground
on a Saturday in June. The purpose is to make money so the school can buy useful things
such as books for the library or a new computer.
Challenge
3 Write a description of a fun event that happens every year in your country,
town, school or family. Organise your ideas in the same order as in Exercise 2.
Include extra details to make your description more interesting. Write about 150 words.
Start like this: Evry year in my
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2.8 Poetry
1 Complete the sentences with an onomatopoeic word from the box.
Check any words you don’t know in a dictionary.
bang click flutter sizzle splash whistle
a sizzle on the barbecue.

The meat starts to ………….
b …………. goes the camera as we smile for a photo.
c There’s a …………. when a bucket of water is thrown from the balcony.
E
d In the gentle wind the flags start to …………..
e The fireworks start with a loud …………. then they …………. as they fly up high.
2 Use words from the box to make alliterative phrases for a poem about a celebration.
dance
decoration
delicious
dish
light
lantern
lamp PL
For example: lanterns and lamps light the way; making music as the midnight moon appears
dragon midnight
moon
music
magic
wish
welcome
wealth
wisdom
sing
song
spring
sweets
flags
flowers
fireworks
festival
family
friends
M
a ………………………………………… c …………………………………………
b ………………………………………… d …………………………………………
SA
Challenge
One way of writing a poem is to write a ‘cinquain’. It’s five lines

long with a certain number of syllables in each line:
first line – two syllables Midnight
second line – four syllables Friends, family
third line – six syllables Wish for wisdom and wealth
fourth line – eight syllables Fireworks whistle, light up the sky
fifth line – two syllables New Year!
3 Write a cinquain poem about your favourite celebration in your notebook. Use
onomatopoeia and alliteration, if possible. Write it in the shape used in Exercise 2.
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3 What we wear,
what we waste 1
3.1 My style
1 Order the letters and write the words. Then match them with the pictures. 5
a veleses sleves
………….………….…… [5] 2
E
4
b sacktitur tombsot ………….………….…… [ ]
c ohdo ………….………….…… [ ]
3
d bonutt ………….………….…… [ ] 6
e thors-develes thirs
2
f
g
h
larclo
selac
enek-thengl shorts
PL ………….………….……
………….………….……
………….………….……
………….………….……
[
[
[
[
Complete each sentence with the correct multi-word verb from the box.
try on put on put on take off put away

]
]
]
]
7
8
M
a put on
You look cold. Why don’t you ………….…………. your sweatshirt?
b Please ………….…………. your clothes tidily in your cupboard.
c I don’t need to ………….…………. this jacket. I know it’s my size.
d If you’re hot, ………….…………. your jacket.
SA
e I’m not really interested in clothes. When I get dressed I ………….…………. the first
thing I find.
3 Complete the sentences for you.

a Today I’m wearing ………….………….………….………….………….……………….. .
b At weekends I often wear ………….………….………………………………………….. .
c I don’t like wearing ………….………….…………….…………….…………….……….. .
d My friend likes wearing ………….………….………………….…………….……….….. .
e I never wear ………….………….………………….…………….…………….………….. .
f My ………….………….……………. is / are my favourite thing(s) out of all my clothes.
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3.2 History
3.2 How stylish were the Ancient Egyptians?

1 Complete the crossword. 1
Across
2 3
2 You wear it around your waist. (4)
4 For the Ancient Egyptians, this colour 4
symbolised youth and life. (5)

5 Jewellery that you wear around your
5 6
neck. (8)
E
7 You wear this on your finger. (4)
8 This is made of hair. (3) 7
9 For the Ancient Egyptians, sandals were
a …………. symbol. (6)
2
Down
1
3
6
PL
For the Ancient Egyptians, this colour
was only for wigs. (5)
Jewellery that you wear on your wrist. (8)
Jewellery that you wear on your ears. (8)
Complete the text with the correct word from the box.
8
9
M
clothing jewellery designer position practical rich
ring sleeve social symbol wear white
Clothes often show someone’s job, …………. social 1 position or status. For example, in
the UK, a person in a hospital wearing a ………….2 coat is a doctor. And in many
SA
countries, soldiers have stripes on the ………….3 of their shirt or jacket. They show
the soldier’s ………….4 in the army.
Sometimes people wear a lot of gold ………….5, to show they are ………….6.
One clear ………….7 is the wedding ………….8, which, in many countries, people
………….9 on their fourth finger to show they are married. A lot of people wear
………….10 clothes as status symbols. They sometimes choose their shoes because
of the designer, not because of ………….11 reasons like the price or fit. Next time
you’re on a busy street, look at people’s ………….12 and jewellery. What does it tell
you about their status?
Challenge
3 In your notebooks, write down any words in Exercise 2 that you didn’t understand.
Check what the words are in your language and write the translation.
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3 What we wear, what we waste
3.3 Clothes and you

1 Complete with words and phrases from the box.
waste of time jewellery quite enjoy mind

need to know whether it’s nice shop for fashion conscious
Most of my friends spend a lot of time chatting on the phone.
E
I ………………….………….1 it sometimes but I also think it can be a
………………….………….2. I prefer to actually see my friends face to face.
Of course ………………….………….3 to phone friends to make plans. You
………………….………….4 they’re free to meet, don’t you? Anyway, one of my
PL
friends loves buying new clothes. She’s very ………………….………….5. I don’t
actually like shopping very much. But one thing I don’t ………………….………….6
doing is going to markets, so we sometimes do that together. I collect
old ………………….………….7 and markets are a good place to
………………….………….8 it.
Study tip
M
Learning new words
It can be helpful to learn words in groups.
One way of doing this is to make a word web.
Another way is to write new words under headings.
SA
2 Write three more words under each heading. Use a dictionary if necessary.
Jewellery Accessories Footwear
earrings bag shoes
………….…………. ………….…………. ………….………….
………….…………. ………….…………. ………….………….
………….…………. ………….…………. ………….………….
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Use of English
Multi-word verbs (phrasal and prepositional verbs)

Use of English
Can you please hang up

your clothes?
Yes, hang your clothes up
immediately.
E
I’ll hang them up in a minute.
Please try on this shirt.
Yes, you really should try that
shirt on.
OK, I’ll try it on tomorrow.
Check!
Complete the rules. PL
If the object of a multi-word verb is a ………….………….1 (for example, shirt or clothes),
you can separate the two parts of the verb or you can keep them together.
I’m putting away my jacket. OR I’m putting my jacket away.
M
If the object of a multi-word verb is a ………….………….2 (for example, it or them) you
must separate the two parts of the verb.
Should I take ………….………….3 my shoes? Yes, please ………….………….4 them off.
SA
Focus
1 You can write these sentences in three different ways. Complete the table.
a She put on her jacket. She put her jacket on. She put it on.
b We looked up a word. We looked ……………. We …………….
c He took off his hat. He ……………. He …………….
d I picked up the pieces. I ……………. I …………….
e She threw away the letters. She ……………. She …………….
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2 Complete the sentences using a word from A and a word from B.
Remember to check
A: put turn pick give turn try your word order. Is
the object of the
B: back away down up off on
multi-word verb a
noun or a pronoun?
a That music is so loud! Can you please …………. down
turn it ………….?
Please carry it out as
b We should always …………. …………. our rubbish after soon as possible.
a picnic.
E
c I’m going to …………. this dress …………. before I buy it.
d Please …………. your books ………….. We’re going to play a game.
e I lent Henry my pen but he didn’t …………. it …………..
3
f
Challenge PL
Please remember to …………. …………. the lights when you
leave the room.
An older brother is speaking. Complete his words with an appropriate multi-word verb.
Add pronouns where necessary.
pick up 1 all the sweet papers from the carpet

This room is a real mess. Please ………….………….
M
and ………….………….2 . The rubbish bin is over there. Why are all the books on the
floor? ………….………….3 on the bookshelf this minute! And why are those jackets lying
on the floor? Just ………….………….4 immediately on the coat-hangers. I can’t stand
this noise. Please ………….………….5 the music or better still, ………….………….6
SA
completely. Ouch! That’s hurting my ears. I didn’t ask you to ………….………….7 like
that, I told you to ………….………….8. You know I hate noise. Thank you. That’s better.
Now I can actually hear my own voice. What are you wearing? I didn’t say you could
………….………….9 my clothes. You’re wearing my best T-shirt and hoodie and you’ve
got ice cream all over them. Please ………….………….10 immediately and put them in
the laundry basket next to the washing machine. You just don’t care about how much
electricity we use, do you? Why did you ………….………….11 all the lights in the house?
And what’s that money doing on the table? Did you take it from my jacket pocket? Well,
just ………….………….12 to me right now and don’t ever again take my things or use my
stuff without asking.
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Use of English
Present passive
Use of English
Positive Negative
My bracelet is made of leather and silver. My earrings aren’t
made of plastic.
Questions
E
Is your hat made of leather?
What is it made of?
We use the present passive when we don’t know who does

an action.
Active
PL
They clean the room in the evening.
Passive
The room is cleaned in the evening.
When we know who does the action, we can use the present passive with by.
Active
Robots paint the cars.
Check!
Passive
The cars are painted by robots.
M
Complete the rules.
The present passive is formed from the verb ………….………….1 in the present tense +
the ………….………….2 participle.
SA
We often use the passive when we know / don’t know 3 who exactly does something. When
we are using the passive and we know who does the action, we use ………….………….4.
Focus
1 Match the sentence beginnings to the sentence endings.
Write the verbs in the present passive.
a are worn
Kimonos (wear) …………….…………. 1 in Spain, Mexico and Argentina.
b Camels (use) ………….…………. 2 in Japan.
c Spanish (speak) ………….…………. 3 for transport in the Sahara desert.
d A lot of tea (grow) ………….…………. 4 in China and India.
e New Year’s Day (celebrate) ………….…………. 5 on 1 January.
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2 Correct these present simple passive sentences.
Remember to always
a The office cleaned every day. include the present
is cleaned
………….………….…………. tense of the verb
‘to be’ when forming
b Their shoes made of leather. the present passive:
………….………….…………. Everything is
made with fresh
c How much coffee produced in Ethiopia?
ingredients.
E
………….………….…………. Which city is
d Which language is speaking in your country? considered the most
beautiful in the UK?
………….………….………….
3
e
Challenge
PL
This dish makes with fresh vegetables.
………….………….………….
Rewrite the sentences in the present passive, using by.

a In this factory, the cars are made by robots.
In this factory, robots make the cars. ………………………………….………….………….
M
b In our school, Miss Chang teaches maths. ………….………….………….……….………..
c On Mondays, Mr Green opens the gates. ………….………….………….……….………….
d The coach trains the players every day. ………….………….………….…………………….
e Excellent drivers drive the taxis. ………….………….………….……………………………
SA
f The British drink 165 million cups of tea a day. ………….………….………….…………..
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3.4 Think about it
3.4 Think globally, act locally

1 Find five phrases about environmental problems in the word snake.
Write the extra letters below to find a solution to some environmental problems.
TECHANGECLAIRPOLLUTIONER
SC YCLIMA ENVI E
SION RON
M NSS
S
EMI ENT A
RBON ALPR
O O CE
A BLEMSEU E
REC PLASTICINTH
E
1 ………….…………. 2 ………….…………. 3 ………….………….
4 ………….…………. 5 ………….………….
Solution: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ and _ _ _ _ _
2
a
b
c
d
1
Mend your clothes.
Reduce plastic waste.

PL
Match each instruction a–d with two sentences from the box.
Ride a bike instead of going by car.
Get information about environmental problems.
It’s one way to cut down on carbon 5

[2] [
[
[
[
] [
] [
] [
]
]
]
]
Swap them with a friend when you

M
emissions. want something new to wear.
2 Don’t throw them away. 6 Reuse bags when you go shopping.
3 Find out how you can help. 7 You can make a difference.
4 Keep the same water bottle and refill it. 8 You won’t get stuck in traffic.
SA
3 Complete the text with the correct word from the box.
carbon change difference fashion keep

make pollution slow down solve use
difference 1 to environmental problems. It’s

Some people think we can’t make a ………….………….
not true. There are ways to ………….………….2 climate change. For example, we can
………….………….3 public transport to reduce ………….………….4 emissions. And we can
reduce plastic ………….………….5 in the oceans if we reuse our plastic bottles and bags.
We can ………….………….6 the way we think about clothes and ………….………….7.
We should ………….8 our clothes for longer. We can’t ………….…………. 9 all the world’s
environmental problems on our own. But we can ………….………….10 changes that will help.
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3.5 Don’t waste it!

1 Match a–g and 1–7 to make adjectives.
a comfort 1 ic
b creat 2 ive
c flex 3 ible
d natur 4 le
e simp 5 able
E
f styl 6 al
g synthet 7 ish
2 Complete the passage with words and phrases from the box.
also
name
big
removed
PL
found
sea
gardens
seaweed
green
such as
habitat
used
found 1 in oceans everywhere. It can be red, ………….2 or brown and

Seaweed is ………….
grows on rocks and in sand in the ………….3. Seaweed is the ………….4 of many fish
and other sea animals ………….5 sea urchins and jellyfish.
made
One type of ………….6 is eaten all over the world, especially in Asia. In Japan it is
M
called nori, and in China its ………….7 is zicai. Did you know that seaweed is also
………….8 to make ice cream?
Seaweed is very useful on farms and in ………….9. First, the seaweed is processed and
………….10 into liquid or pellets. Then farmers put it on the earth. It helps plants grow
………….11 and stay healthy.
SA
Seaweed can ………….12 be used to clean up water. It can take in dangerous

chemicals, and when the seaweed is ………….13 the water is left clean.
Challenge
3 Complete the sentences with true information about your country or area.
a Rice and beans
………….………….………………. is / are grown in my country.
b ………….………….…………. is / are grown in my country.
c ………….………….…………. is not produced in my country.
d ………….………….…………. is / are made in my country.
e ………….………….…………. is / isn’t recycled in my area.
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3.6 Talk about it
3.6 Reduce, reuse, recycle

1 Circle the correct words to complete the speech.
Look around you. You can probably see something grown from /
made of 1 plastic. Plastic can be any shape / fabric 2 and any
material / size 3. It can be any number / colour 4 and any weight /
fibre 5. Perhaps you are looking at a heavy plastic chair, a light plastic
pen or a thin plastic bag. These things are often useful. But remember – there
E
is a big problem / waste 6 with all plastic. It never goes home / away 7. Some
plastic gets smaller and smaller and finally breaks down / gets rid of 8. But it can
take 500 years for it to die / degrade 9. So the important question is how can we
2
a
b
[ ]
[ ]
PL
reduce / produce 10 our plastic waste?
Put the sentences in the correct order, 1–6, to make a speech.

And what happens to that plastic when we throw it away? It ends up in landfill
or in the ocean. And guess how long the plastic takes to degrade?
Around 500 years. And during that time it kills fish, birds and other animals
which eat it or get caught in it.
M
c [1] Perhaps you think that you don’t produce any plastic waste.
d [ ] Reduce, reuse, recycle.
e [ ] So please, let’s think about those birds and animals before we buy another
plastic object. Just remember those three words.
f [ ] Well, you’re wrong! You use a plastic toothbrush, don’t you? And plastic bags
SA
when you go shopping?
Challenge
3 Write endings for these sentences. There are no right or wrong answers.
a today/in this country/in the world
What is the worst environmental problem ……………….………….………….………….?
b In my family we try to save ………….………….………….………….………………….... .
c We don’t need to buy so many ………….………….………….………….……………….. .
d Reduce plastic pollution by reusing ………….………….………….………….………….. .
e There are some good ways of recycling ………….………….………….………….……… .
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Modal verbs and have (got) to, ought to, need to

Use of English
strong obligation
We must go right now.
We’ve got to leave this minute.
weak obligation
E
She should recycle her clothes.
She shouldn’t throw them away.
Where can I recycle these things?
We all ought to cycle more.
prohibition
I mustn’t be late.
necessity
PL
But we can’t leave before Jack arrives.
Do we have to do all our homework today?

We don’t have to finish our project.
suggestion
What else should we recycle?
possibility
People could plant more trees.
It might improve the air pollution.
You may not believe it, but it’s true.
M
I need to look something up. It could make a difference.
You needn’t finish the work today.
Check!
Complete the rules.
SA
Modal verbs are followed by the infinitive without to. You must believe me. NOT You must
to believe me.
The word to is part of the modal verbs have to, have got to, ………….………….1 to, ought to.
Can, could, might, may, must, ought, should change / do not change2 in the third person
singular.
We use can / must 3 when it is necessary to do something.
We use shouldn’t / don’t have to4 when we think it is a bad thing to do.
Have to means the same as ………….………….5.
Don’t have to means the same as ………….………….6.
Ought to means the same as ………….………….7.
It can make a difference is stronger / weaker 8 than It could make a difference.
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Use of English
Focus
1 Put the words in order and write the sentences.
a bring / into / You / class / not / food / must / .
You must not bring food into class.
………………………………………………………..........................
b can / your / the / snack / You / eat / playground / in / .
………………………………………………………..........................
c a / don’t / We / to / musical / learn / instrument / have / .
………………………………………………………..........................
E
d art club / start / our / an / They / school / at / should / .
………………………………………………………..........................
e might / brother / year / school / change / My / next / .
Practice
2
b
c
d
You ………….…………. PL
………………………………………………………..........................
A teacher is talking. Complete her words with must, mustn’t or don’t have to.
a mustn’ t be late for school.
You ………….…………. chew gum in class.
You ………….…………. stop talking when I tell you to.
You ………….…………. do sport after school if you don’t want to.
M
e You ………….…………. be in the school play but I think it will be fun.
3 Complete the responses. Write sentences with should / shouldn’t or
ought to / oughtn’t to + a phrase from the box.
change my clothes sit so close to the screen

SA
leave the house now throw it away
a shouldn’t sit so close to the screen

My eyes are sore. You ……………….………….…………..… .
b The bus leaves in half an hour. We ………….………….…………………. .
c He doesn’t like that jacket now.
But he ………….………….………………………………………………… .
d The guests are arriving soon.
Do you think I ………….………….……………………………………….?
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Challenge
4 Complete the email using the correct form of should / ought to or have to.
Hi Alma
have to 1 look after my little brother on Tuesday
Life is a bit difficult at the moment. I ………….
afternoons because Mum gets home late. He’s really annoying. When I tell him he
………….2 remove his shoes when we get home, he refuses and says he ………….3.
E
Then he walks into the house in his dirty shoes. In my opinion, he ………….4 behave like
that. I think he ………….5 be more polite. Then I ………….6 make him a snack. Then he
sits down in front of the TV and watches cartoons. I know I ………….7 let him and I really
………….8 get him to practise his reading, but I don’t have the energy to argue. Mum
PL
says I ………….9 complain because I only ………….10 look after him once a week. What
………….11 I do, Alma? Do you ever ………….12 look after your little brother?
Sorry I ………….13 stop now because I can hear him doing something bad in the kitchen.
Love
Fran Send
M
Present passive with modal verbs
Use of English
Plastic bottles should be reused.
SA
They shouldn’t be thrown away.

In many countries, they can be recycled.
Can clothes really be made from plastic bottles?
Children have to be taught about the dangers of pollution.
These plants don’t have to be watered very often.
Check!
Complete the rule.
We can use modal verbs with a passive base form (infinitive without to).
We form the passive base form with the verb be + ………….…………. participle.
(There is a list of irregular past participles on page 151 of this book.)
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Use of English
Focus
1 Match the sentence beginnings to the endings.
a My shoes need to 1 be grown in a hot area with a lot of rain.
b Where can 2 be made from wood.
c More trees should 3 be mended.
d Paper doesn’t have to 4 be planted in the parks.
e Rice has to 5 be recycled in your town?
f Which things can 6 not be wasted, especially in dry weather.
E
g Water must 7 clothes be recycled?
Practice
2 Correct the mistake in each sentence.
a
b
c
d
e
f
PL checked
All bags must be checking at the entrance. …………………………………………………..
Tickets doesn’t have to be bought before the show. ………….….….….….….….….….…...
Can tickets being bought online? ………….….….….….….….….….….….….….….….….
Small children must be left on their own in the deep end of the pool. ………….….….…..
All plastic bottles should be recycle. ………….….….….….….….….….….….….….….….
This medicine must to be kept in a cool dry place. ………….….….….….….….….….…....
M
g Lights should been turn off at the end of each day. ………….….….….….….….….….…..
h Swimming caps don’t has to be worn in this pool. ………….….….….….….….….….…....
i It’s dark. The lights need be turned on now. ………….………….………….………….…...
SA
Challenge
3 Write the sentences in the passive. Use the passive infinitive.
Before you leave:
a The waste bin neds to be empted.
You need to empty the waste bin. ………….………….…………………….………………..
b You shouldn’t leave the computer on the table. ………….………….…………………….....
c You have to water the plants. ………….………….…………………….………….……...….
d You mustn’t leave food in the fridge. ………….………….…………………….………….....
e You have to turn the kitchen light off. ………….………….…………………….……….…..
f You don’t have to turn the garden lights off. ………….………….…………………….…...
g You must lock the door. ………….………….…………………….………….…………..…..
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1 Complete the letter to a newspaper with words from the box.
In addition creative However idea materials

plans Therefore useful more
usful
We have a lot of interesting and ……………….. 1
shops in our High Street.
E
………………..2, we don’t have a craft shop where people can buy artist’s
………………..3, wool, leather, beads and sewing things. What’s ………………..4,
there are no places in this area where people can learn to make things. In the
evening, there could be classes where people could make objects and meet other
PL
………………..5 people. ………………..6, there could be a café in the shop.
Unfortunately, there are ………………..7 to open another mobile phone shop in the
empty space in our High Street. This is definitely not a good ………………..8, as we
already have five of them.
………………..9, with a choice between the two shops, we really must support
the craft shop.
M
2 Match the sentence beginnings a–f to the endings 1–6.
a What kind of new shop do we 1 afford to shop in an expensive shoe
b There are two options – a designer shoe shop, can they?
c A designer shoe shop might 2 bring rich people to our area.

SA
d However, not many local people can 3 shop or a craft shop.
e We haven’t got a craft shop in the area 4 so that would be very useful.
f What’s more a craft shop 5 want in our High Street?

6 would be good for people of all ages.
Challenge
3 Three different businesses want to open a shop in your local shopping mall – a designer shoe
shop, a flower shop and a craft shop. There is only space for one of them. Which one would
you like to have? Write a letter to a local newspaper giving your opinion. Use the ideas,
vocabulary and connectives in Exercises 1 and 2. Write about 150 words in your notebook.
Start like this:
There’s space for a new shop in the Horizon Shopping Mall. What shop would be most usful to
local residents?
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3.8 Poetry
One type of poem is an acrostic poem. The first letter of each line of the poem spells a
word. That word is the theme of the poem. If you want to write a poem about clothes,
you could write the word CLOTHES down the page, like the poems below. Then think
of words that could be in the poem that begin with those letters. You don’t have to use
all the words.
1 Read the acrostic poem about clothes. 2 Fill the gaps with more clothes words
that begin with the letters given.
E
Collar up on my
Leather jacket and C coat, …………. , ………….
Out I go. My silent L leather jacket, leather ………….
Trainers make no sound and my O old sweater
3
Huge black hat hides my
See the real me.

PL
Eyes and face and feelings. I’m invisible
almost. No one must
line about why they’re important to you or how they help you.
T …………. , ………….
H high heels, ………….
E earrings
S sweater, sandals, …………. ,
…………. , ………….
In your notebook, write your own acrostic poem about clothes. Write at least one
M
4 Rewrite the poem below, changing the words in italics. Write your own poetic words.
The sea was like a warm bath.

Seaweed in the shallow water waved its green arms as the fish swam past.
Two pine trees moved slowly in the wind like dancers
SA
I sat on a rock and listened to the birds chatting about life.

The wind whispered in my ears, ‘It’s too late to turn back,’ but I pretended I didn’t hear.
Challenge
5 Think of a beautiful or frightening place that you have visited, or a beautiful or
frightening thing from the natural world, such as the sea, a forest, a garden, the
mountains, the moon, the wind, lightning or a storm. Write a poem about it using
similes or metaphors and personification.
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4 From A to B
4.1 Getting around
commuters congestion fares stations get on journeys

metro pass punctual reliable stops transport
E
congestion
In big cities, there is often terrible …………….……………. 1
in the centre. Sometimes
it’s because the public ………….…………….2 is not good enough and people make car
………….…………….3 into town, instead of taking a bus or ………….…………….4.
PL
When public transport is not ………….…………….5 but arrives and leaves late,
nobody wants to use it. Big towns need a reliable bus or metro service which gets daily
………….…………….6 to work on time. Also, the ………….…………….7 need to
be reasonably priced, with lower prices for a bus or rail ………….…………….8. Bus
………….…………….9 and metro ………….…………….10 need to be in convenient
places so that passengers can ………….…………….11 and off near the places where
they live, work and shop. When public transport is ………….…………….12 and punctual,
M
cities become less polluted and can be enjoyed more by the people who live and work
there and also by tourists.
2 Answer the questions in your notebook.

SA
a What kinds of public transport exist in your country?

In your city/nearest big city? In the countryside outside the city?
In my country, we have
In my city, we have
In the countryside,
b How often do you use public transport?
I use / don’ t use
c List all the types of public transport you have ever used.
I ’ve used
d What is your favourite kind of public transport?
e At what age can you drive in your country?
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4.2 Social history
4.2 By water, rail and road

1 Write the answers to the clues, putting the letters in brackets in the correct order
to help you with the clues.
a …………..………….. is made from oil and is used in cars. (TROLEP)
b Horse-drawn buses are buses that horses …………..………….. (LULP)
c A …………..………….. is made of pieces of wood that are tied together.
It’s a very simple type of water transport. (ATFR)
E
d …………..………….. were used as public transport on water thousands
of years ago. (OSBAT)
e A …………..………….. has four equal sides and equal angles. (RAQUES)
f Cars are driven on roads, and trains are driven on a …………..………….. (ARLIYAW)
2
g
h
i PL
How fast is that car going? What is its …………..…………..? (PEDES)
Opening or closing the …………..………….. in a canal changes the water level. (KLOC)
Some boats have a …………..………….. which catches the wind and makes it them move.
(LIAS)
Complete the text with the words in the box.

M
became taken go pulled replaced carry used
In Britain, until the 18th century,

boats on rivers and horse-drawn
carts on roads were ………….…….used 1
for transporting heavy things.

SA
But the rivers didn’t always

………….…….2 to the right places.
When the first big canals were built,
transport between factories and
towns ………….…….3 easier. Canal
boats now could ………….…….4
materials to be used in factories.
And the things produced in the
factories were ………….…….5 by
canal to be sold in towns. The canal
boats were ………….…….6 by a strong horse which walked next to the canal. By the
middle of the 19th century, the railways had ………….…….7 the canal system as the
most popular transport for heavy things.
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4 From A to B
4.3 Going places

1 Read the texts and answer the questions below.
People should stop driving their children to school. It isn’t necessary and it causes pollution.
My brother and I cycle to school every day. There’s a very safe cycle path. A lot of our friends
come by scooter. There are sheds at the school where we can put our bikes, scooters and helmets.
It took me ten minutes to get to school today. My friend came by car and it took half an hour.
Adilah, Sydney, Australia
E
I live on St Agnes, an island off the west coast My grandparents live in Aomori, which is in the
of Britain. St Agnes has a tiny population – north of Honshu Island, Japan. It’s more than
boarding school
PL
only 82 people! I’m 12 and I go to school
on a nearby island called St Mary’s. It’s a
school, so I stay from Monday to
Friday. I get the boat to school on Monday
morning and then I get the boat back home
on Friday afternoon. The trip takes about 15
minutes but it can be horrible in bad weather.
Boats are a big part of your life if you live on
St Agnes. Like every family on the island, we
700 kilometres from Tokyo, where we live.
Aomori is famous for its orchards
orchards.. We always
visit my grandparents in the spring when there’s
pink and white blossom on all the trees in the
orchards. It’s really beautiful and the air is fresh.
This year we went by bullet train. The journey
took us just three hours. If you drive, it takes
nearly nine hours. I love travelling by train. It’s
M
so relaxing and you can buy a drink or snack
have our own, and I was given my first rowing
from the trolley without moving from your seat.
boat at the age of eight.
Mariko, Tokyo, Japan
Ben, St Agnes, UK
SA
a Ben
Who goes to school by boat? ………….………….
b Who is interested in protecting the environment? ………….………….
c Who writes about enjoying a particular trip? ………….………….
d Who is only at home at weekends? ………….………….
e Who writes about a trip to visit a relation? ………….………….
f Who talks about three different ways people get to the same school? ………….………….
Challenge
2 Try to guess the meaning of the words in bold italics. In your notebooks, write a translation
into your language then check your answers using a dictionary.
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Use of English
Past simple passive

Use of English
Positive
The first plane was designed by
Wilbur and Orville Wright.
It was made of wood and fabric.
E
Negative
It wasn’t made of metal.
Passengers weren’t allowed on
the first planes.
Questions
Was printing invented in China?
PL
Were the first planes designed in France?
Wh- questions
When was algebra invented?
Who was it invented by?
Short answers
Yes, it was.
No, they weren’t.
M
Check!
Complete the rules.
To form the past simple passive, we use the past tense of the verb ………….…….1 and
the …….………….2 participle of the main verb.

SA
In short answers in the past simple passive, we use the verb be with / without 3 the
past participle.
We sometimes use the past simple active / passive 4 when we don’t know who did
the action.
When we use the passive, if we want to say who did the action, we use ………….…….5.
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4 From A to B
Focus
1 Write sentences in the past simple passive using the prompts.
a Algebra / Muhammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī / 9th century (invent)
Algebra was invented by Muh.ammad ibn Mu-sa- al-Khwa- rizmi- in the 9th century.
………………………………………………………..........................……….…….
b The World Wide Web / Tim Berners-Lee / 1989 (invent)
………………………………………………………..........................……….…….
c Mickey Mouse / Walt Disney / 1928 (create)
E
………………………………………………………..........................……….…….
d Jurassic Park / Steven Spielberg / 1993 (direct)
………………………………………………………..........................……….…….
e Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone / J.K. Rowling / 1997 (write)
2
f
PL
………………………………………………………..........................……….…….
Penicillin / Alexander Fleming / 1928 (discover)
………………………………………………………..........................……….…….
Write pairs of sentences in the past simple passive.

a The necklace / found in the sea // not found in the sand
The necklace was found in the sea. It wasn’t found in the sand.
………………………………………………………..........................……….…….
M
b I / born in 2015 // not born in 2016
………………………………………………………..........................……….…….
c This house / built in 1990 // not built in 2000
………………………………………………………..........................……….…….
SA
d I / hit / by a tennis ball // not hit by a football

………………………………………………………..........................……….…….
e The room / painted last year // not painted last month
………………………………………………………..........................……….…….
f We / invite / to lunch // not invited to dinner
………………………………………………………..........................……….…….
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Use of English
3 Put the words in the correct order to make questions in the past simple passive.
a printing / invented / was / When / ?
When was printing invented?
………………………………………………………..........................
b born / America / in / sister / your / Was / ?
………………………………………………………..........................
c much / paid / they / were / How / ?
………………………………………………………..........................
E
d first computer / invented / the / was / When / ?
………………………………………………………..........................
e about / concert / the / told / you / Were / ?
………………………………………………………..........................
4
f
Practice
build find
PL
door / keys / in / left / the / the / Were / ?
………………………………………………………..........................
Complete the sentences. Use the past simple passive form of these verbs.
make show steal send

M
a was made
The film about camels …………….……………. in the Gobi Desert.
b Those houses ………….…………. about one hundred years ago.
c The TV programme about Ancient Egypt ………….…………. on Saturday.
d All the party invitations ………….…………. out last week.
SA
e My uncle’s phone ………….…………. from his car last night.

f The dinosaur bones ………….…………. in Liaoning province in China.
5 Rewrite the sentences correctly using the past simple passive.

a I was born in Argentina.
I borned in Argentina. ………….………….…………..……..……..……......……......…….
b The picture painted by Picasso. ………….………….…………..……..……..……......…….
c We was invited to William’s party. ………….………….…………..……..……..……......….
d The mobile phone invented in 1973. ………….………….…………..……..……..……........
e Where the purse was found? ………….………….…………..……..……..……......……......
f When you were collected from the party? ………….………….…………..……..……..……
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4 From A to B
Challenge
6 Rewrite the questions in the passive. Leave out the words in brackets.
a When did (they) plant the trees?
When were the trees planted?
………………………………………………………..........................
b How did (she) break the computer?
………………………………………………………..........................
c What did (he) leave on the table?
E
………………………………………………………..........................
d When did (they) build the city centre?
………………………………………………………..........................
7
e
PL
Why did (they) close the museum?
………………………………………………………..........................
Write the verbs in brackets in the present or past simple passive.
was the tea plant discovered 1 (the tea plant/discover)? And how
When ………….………….…………..
………….………….…………..2 (the drink/invent)? Most people think it
………….………….…………..3 (find) in China almost 5000 years ago. The story
M
goes that some leaves fell off a wild tea plant into Emperor Shen Nung’s pot of hot
water. He liked the taste of it so tea plants ………….………….…………..4 (plant) all
over China. At first, tea ………….………….…………..5 (drink) only as a medicine. It
was very expensive and for a long time it ………….………….…………..6 (use) like
money to pay for things in many countries of Asia.
SA
Tea ………….………….…………..7 (not bring) to Europe until 1610. At first it

………….………….…………..8 (not buy) by ordinary people because it was too
expensive. But about 100 years later, it ………….………….…………..9 (sell) in
every British town for a much lower price.
Did you know that tea trees can grow to 9 metres? But usually
they ………….………….…………..10 (cut) to 1.5 metres. The leaves
………….………….…………..11 (not pick) until the plants are five years old.
These days tea bags ………….………….…………..12 (use) by most people in Europe
to make tea. And guess how many cups of tea ………….………….…………..13
(make) a day in the UK? 150 million every day!
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4.4 Think about it
4.4 Two cities

1 The letters are in the wrong order. Use the clues to work out what the adjectives are.
a MALC calm
The streets aren’t crowded or noisy. The atmosphere is …………..
b VEILLY It’s fun and very …………. at the weekends when everyone sits
in cafés.
c SONIY I couldn’t sleep at night because the streets were so ……………..
d ETIQU Everyone is ……………. on the metro in the early morning.
e SUBY The centre is especially ……………. on Saturdays.
E
f DROWDEC Don’t drive between 7 and 9.30 a.m. if you want to avoid
the ………………. roads.
g TANGLEE The old houses in this square with their metal balconies are
very ………………. .
h
i
j
k
m
DIREFLYN
CHOIRIST
TEDLOUPL
PL
People here are helpful and ………………. to tourists.
The ………………. town centre dates back to the 17th century.
Unfortunately, everyone drives so the town is very ……………….
VICETATTAR The main square is very ………………. with its trees, garden
and fountain.
PEVXINESE We couldn’t afford to stay there because the hotels were
very ……………….
DETONGCES It takes hours to get around by car because the streets are
M
so ……………….
n FLEAUBUIT Which city is more …………., Venice or Paris? I love them both.
o TUNACARTEVIT It’s a very ………………. city with rubbish everywhere and a lot
of noise and pollution.
p FRIEDYLUNN Nobody wanted to help us. We found the people very ……………..
SA
2 Choose three adjectives from Exercise 1 and use them to describe cities, areas
or streets in your country. Write two sentences about each place. The second
sentence should explain why you are using the adjective.
Istanbul is a historic city. The walls of the city were built more than a thousand years ago…
1 ………………………………………………………............................................................
………………………………………………………............................................................
2 ………………………………………………………............................................................
………………………………………………………............................................................
3 ………………………………………………………............................................................
………………………………………………………............................................................
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4 From A to B
4.5 Cities for life

1 Match these aspects of city life to the 2 Fill the gaps with the correct word from the box.
sentences.
absorb evaporation
culture and the arts transport
permeable residents
green spaces and leisure water
reduce temperature
offices and places of work
a temperature is
Our usual body ………………
E
a During the summer we only
get water for four hours a day. about 37 degrees unless we are ill.
It’s to stop people wasting it. b Plants ……………… water from the
water
………….………….………….. ground and also through their leaves.
b c To ……………… air pollution, we
d
………….………….…………..
PL
They’re building a new theatre where
young people can produce plays.
They planted wild flowers

in the park last year. It was
beautiful – like the countryside.
………….………….…………..
The trains are very punctual and
d
f
need to stop using our cars so much.
When water becomes gas, we call it
water vapour. This process is called
………….…….
Water can’t escape from plastic pipes
because they aren’t ……………….
The people who live in a building are
M
reliable but they are expensive. called the ……………….
………….………….…………..
e That new building made of glass is a
bank. ………….………….…………..
SA
3 Complete the text with these words.

absorb attractive crops permeable friendly
temperature parks plastic saving surface
parks
These days, artificial grass is being used sometimes in gardens and ………….……. 1
. The grass is
made of ………….……. and, of course, it doesn’t need water, so some people say it’s a good way of
2
………….…….3 water. Unfortunately, most artificial grass isn’t very ………….…….4 so it doesn’t
………….…….5 water easily, and when it rains, the ………….…….6 stays wet, which isn’t good
for sport. And in strong sun, the ………….…….7 of artificial grass can get very high, around 41
degrees centigrade, and even burn people. Another problem with artificial grass is that it doesn’t have
flowers and therefore it is not ………….…….8 to insects. Insects are very useful, especially to farmers
for their ………….…….9. Artificial grass is not therefore very ………….…….10 to the environment.
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4.6 Talk about it
4.6 Venice: A beautiful city in danger

1 Read the text. Complete it with the sentences a–d below. Write the correct letters in the boxes.
a And cable cars started carrying passengers up San Francisco’s hills in 1873.
b The population of San Francisco grew fast.
c A warm sunny day can suddenly change into a cool misty day.
d It got the name from the lovely smelling plants in the area.
E
San Francisco in northern California is one of the most popular places for tourists to
visit in the United States. The city is famous for its huge bay, steep hills, warm winters,
historic cable cars and, of course, the Golden Gate Bridge. San Francisco is also
famous for the fog which comes in from the ocean. [ c ]1
San Francisco has not always belonged to the United States and was not always called
PL
San Francisco. Before the eighteenth century there were small villages around the bay,
where native Americans lived. Then Spanish explorers arrived by boat in 1769, and a
camp for Spanish soldiers and a church were completed. In between the camp and the
church a small community grew up, called Yerba Buena, which meant ‘good plant’
in Spanish. [ ]2 By 1821, Yerba Buena belonged to Mexico, not Spain. By 1848, the
United States had taken Yerba Buena from Mexico and renamed it San Francisco.
[ ]3 When gold was discovered in a river in California in 1848, thousands of people
came looking for it, hoping to get rich. And many of them decided to stay. The
number of people living in San Francisco increased from 1000 people in 1848 to 25 000
by the end of 1849. Banks were opened, houses, hotels and theatres were built. [ ]4
M
By 1890, the population had increased to 300 000. And today it has just under 900 000
inhabitants. There isn’t much gold in the rivers of California now but a lot of people
get rich working in the technology companies in the San Francisco area.
2 Read the text again. Circle the correct answer a, b, c or d.

SA
1 San Francisco is in: 3 Yerba Buena was the name of:

a Spain a San Francisco in the 18th century
b Mexico b San Francisco’s famous bridge
c Northern California c a Californian river
d New Mexico d the Spanish explorers’ boat
2 San Francisco: 4 San Francisco’s population:
a has terrible weather a was 100 people in 1848
b is a very flat city b grew fast in the middle of the 19th century
c once belonged to Mexico c was more than half a million by 1890
d is a long way from the sea d is the biggest of all California’s cities
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4 From A to B
Comparative adjectives, not as, as much,

(more) ... than
Use of English
Short adjectives have their comparative in There are some irregular comparative
-er or -ier old – older; nice – nicer; adjectives: good – better; bad – worse;
pretty – prettier. far – further.
E
Some adjectives double the final consonant
in the comparative form big – bigger; We use than to compare two things. And to
sad – sadder. make a comparison stronger, we use much:
This cinema is much more expensive than
Longer adjectives, including some two- the one in my street.
Check!
PL
syllable adjectives, use more + adjective:
boring – more boring; crowded – more
crowded; elegant – more elegant.
We use (not) as ... as to compare things
that are or aren’t equal: London is almost
as expensive as New York. Oslo isn’t as
interesting as Rome.
Write the comparative forms of the adjectives.

a big ………….…………. e funny ………….………….
M
b sad ………….…………. f easy ………….………….
c flat ………….…………. g attractive ………….………….
d long ………….…………. h expensive ………….………….
SA
Focus
1 Use the prompts to make comparisons.
a Delhi is more polluted than London.
Delhi (polluted) London ………….………….………….………..………….………..……..
b Singapore (expensive) Tokyo ………….………….………….………..………….………..…
c Mumbai (wet) Manila ………….………….………….………..………….………..……..…
d Vienna (quiet) Paris ………….………….………….………..………….………..……..…....
e Dublin (friendly) New York ….……….……….………..……………………….………….…
f Mumbai (crowded) Moscow ………….………….………….………..………….………..…
g Kuwait (hot) Istanbul ………….………….………….………..………….………..…...…....
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Use of English
Practice
2 Correct the sentences.
a Moscow is usually colder Beijing in winter.
Moscow is usually colder than Beijing in winter.
………….………….…………..….…………..…..
b London is more bigger than Liverpool.
………….………….…………..………….………
c Dubai is very hotter than San Francisco.
E
………….………….…………..………….………
d Sydney is not busy as Mumbai.
………….………….…………..………….………
e
Challenge
PL
Stockholm is quieter from London.
………….………….…………..………….………
The ice cream in Italy is more nice than in France.
………….………….…………..………….………
M
3 Rewrite the sentences using not as ... as.
a Turkey is not as hot as Kuwait.
Kuwait is hotter than Turkey. ………….………….…………..………….…………………..
b Delhi is noisier than Dubai. ………….………….…………………….………….…………..
c The Pyramids are older than the Taj Mahal. ………….………….…………………….……

SA
d Norway is colder than France. ………….………….…………………….………….………..
e Australia is hotter than New Zealand. ………….………….…………………….…………..
4 Use the prompts to make comparisons. Write what is true for you.
a Health is more important than money.
health / money (important) ………….………….…………..………….……………………..
b cars / motorbikes (safe) ………….………….…………………….………….……………….
c coffee / tea (bad for your health) ………….………….…………………….………….……..
d cycling / walking (good exercise) ………….………….…………………….………….……..
e English / Chinese (easy) ………….………….……………………………….………….……
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4 From A to B
Comparative adverbs, (much) more ... than,

not as ... as, far less ... than
Use of English
We usually use more to make comparative adverbs: I work more slowly than you.
We can add emphasis with much: I work much more slowly than you.
We can make negative comparisons using not as ... as and far less ... than:
E
I don’t work as quickly as you. I work far less quickly than you do.
Check!
Write the comparative forms of the adverbs.
1
a
b
c
Focus
Efficiently
Creatively
Easily
PL
………….………….…………..
………….………….…………..
………….………….…………..
Make sentences by putting the words in the correct order.

a than / I / slowly / eat / my / more / parents / .
M
I eat more slowly than my parents.
………………………………………………………..........................……………………….
b more / you / Can / quietly / please / talk / ?
………………………………………………………..........................……………………….
c plan / need to / more / People / much / creatively / towns / .
SA
………………………………………………………..........................……………………….
d work / efficiently / don’t / I / as / as / do / you / .
………………………………………………………..........................……………………….
e travel / Let’s / to / cheaply / try / time / more / this / .
………………………………………………………..........................……………………….
Practice
a I add up far less accurately from a calculator.
I add up far les accurately than a calculator.
………………………………………………………..........................……………………….
b I speak quietly than you.
………………………………………………………..........................……………………….
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Use of English
c Can you talk slower please?

………………………………………………………..........................……………………….
d Please drive more careful.
………………………………………………………..........................……………………….
e You aren’t working carefully as you should.
………………………………………………………..........................……………………….
f You need to train much more frequenter if you want to be in the team.
E
………………………………………………………..........................……………………….
3 Rewrite the sentences using not as ... as.

a You take your studies more seriously than your brother.
Your brother doesn’t take his studies as seriously as you.
………………………………………………………..........................……………………….
b
d
PL
My grandfather drives more dangerously than my grandmother.
………………………………………………………..........................……………………….
Hassan speaks more openly than Marek.
………………………………………………………..........................……………………….
Lucy contacts me more frequently than Diane.
………………………………………………………..........................……………………….
M
e Han talks more quietly than Steve.
………………………………………………………..........................……………………….
Challenge
4 Complete the sentences with comparisons using the correct adjective or adverb from the box.
SA
amusing bad big carefully frequently juicy quietly
a more quietly
I’m trying to sleep. Could you speak ………….……….……?
b I really enjoy chatting on the phone. Why don’t you get in touch ………….……….……?
c I’m going to bed. My cold is much ………….……….…… than yesterday.
d Please read it ………….……….…… . That’s not the answer.
e All the fruit is great this year. The oranges are much ………….……….…… and
………….……….…… than last year.
f I didn’t laugh once – the film was not ………….……….…… as I expected.
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4 From A to B

1 Complete the first paragraph of a guide to Amsterdam with the correct adjectives from the box.
famous full beautiful popular important richest small tall
Amsterdam is one of the most ……………. beautiful 1 cities in Europe. It’s ………….…2 for
its canal system, its bridges, its …………….3 narrow houses, its museums which
are …………….4 of wonderful art, and its bicycles. Amsterdam, which was just a
E
…………….5 fishing village in the twelfth century, had become the most …………….6
port and the …………….7 city in Europe by the middle of the seventeenth century.
Today, it is one of the most …………….8 places in Europe for tourists to visit.
2 Put the sentences of the next paragraph into the correct order. Number them 1 to 5.
3
a
b
c
d
e
[
[ ]
PL
] Tourists in Amsterdam also enjoy cycling around the city.
When you visit, you should definitely rent a bike and try it.
[ 1 ] Amsterdam is a very bicycle-friendly city with cycle paths all around the city.
[
[
] This isn’t surprising because most locals get around the city by bike.
] As you cycle around, you’ll discover the canals, the bridges and the areas you like best.
Complete the third paragraph with the phrases from the box.
M
you should try is probably It has a lot which is
If you like almost anything There are people
If you like
……………….………………. 1
markets, Amsterdam is the place for you!
SA
……………….……………….2 of big markets. Albert Cuypmarket

……………….……………….3 the most famous. You can buy
……………….………………4 there. ……………….……………5 selling fruit and
vegetables, clothes and old books. If you’re hungry, ……………….……………6 Dutch street
food. The most famous dish is raw herring, ……………….……………….7 a type of fish.
Challenge
4 In your notebook, write three paragraphs of a visitor’s guide to a city (NOT your home town).
Use the exercises on this page to help you. Write about 150 words.
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4.8 Song lyrics

1 There are a few ways to get ideas for a song. Add an example in each section.
• Think about your own experience. What is the most important thing that has
happened to you: moving town, changing school, a new friendship, losing a friend?
………………………………………………………..........................………………………..
• Think about something you like doing: dancing; dreaming about the future / the past.
………………………………………………………..........................………………………..
E
• Think about a phrase that you like because of the meaning or sound of the words.
For example: no smoke without fire; stormy weather; new you; crazy days.
………………………………………………………..........................………………………..
• Think about a title. It could give you an idea for a song, for example Let’s dance.
room
PL
………………………………………………………..........................………………………..
Songs often have rhyming lines. Complete the first and last verse and the chorus of the
song with the words in the boxes.
half laugh
met 1,
Years and years ago we ………….
met fight friend right
Friendship never ends, ………….5?

pretend
M
We were only five and a ………….2 You’re my best ………….6, I said
Our desks were at the back of the We don’t ………….7, you said
………….3 So what happened? Why did we
You made me cry, I made you ………….8?
SA
………….4.
do go What did you ………….9, what did I ………….10?

Why did we ………….11, why did you ………….12 away?
say change
Challenge
3 Write a title and two middle verses for the song in your notebook. Explain why the
friendship ended.
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5 The great outdoors

5.1 A school trip
1 Solve the crossword.
1 2
Across
1 Emergency food …………
are things you should carry
3 4
E
with you to eat if you get
very hungry when you’re
a long way from your 5 6
camp. (8)
7
4
7
If you can’t find your
PL
…………, you are lost. (3)
You put it up to sleep in
when you go camping. (4)
Animals and plants living
in a natural place, not in a
zoo. (8)
10 You can carry your
10
9
11
8
M
12
drinking water in a water
…………. (6)
11 You can use this for light 13
when you’re camping. (5)
12 You can cook over this outside when you go camping. (8)
SA
13 You can get into this and stay warm while you sleep. (8,3)
Down
2 To work out what something is, for example which type of tree, flower or bird. (8)
3 If you get lost you might need to …………. a map. (4)
4 When you’re wearing a …………. jacket you don’t get wet in the rain. (10)
5 There are useful things in a …………. …………. kit which you can use if you
get hurt. (5,3)
8 A small road for walkers or cyclists, but not for cars. (4)
9 It shows you where North, South, East and West are. (7)
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5.2 Health education
5.2 The power of nature

1 Circle the correct words to complete the text.
Are you suffering from stress / mood 1? Is your calm / energy 2

always low? Is it a long time since you experienced great
benefits / joy 3 or even a little bit of happiness / exercise 4 in
your daily life? Do you find it difficult to refresh / relax 5?
E
Does worry / mood 6 keep you awake at night? There are
a few simple things you can do to refresh / connect 7 and
rejuvenate yourself. One is taking more physical landscape
/ exercise 8. Another thing is to spend more time outside,
city fact
PL
enjoying nature / health 9. Being outside will also allow you to
get some sunlight / fragrance 10, which is important for our
body’s production of vitamin D.
Complete the text with the correct words from the box.
harder harm lose nature outside

M
refresh relaxed sense true view vitality about
But what ………………… about 1

people who live in a …………………2 and don’t have time to
go …………………3 and enjoy nature? Well, as a matter of …………………4, scientists
SA
have found that people who work near a window with a …………………5 of a park, a
garden or even just a tree are more …………………6 than those who don’t. And because
they are more relaxed, these people work or study …………………7. So, if your desk isn’t
near a window, it makes …………………8 to take breaks and go to a window with a view
of …………………9. It seems that just a one-minute break can …………………10 and
rejuvenate you. These ‘green micro-breaks’, as some psychologists call them, can give us
energy and …………………11 throughout the day. Does it all sound a bit too good to be
…………………12? Well, there’s no …………………13 in trying it. You’ve got nothing
to …………………14!
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5.3 Finding your way

1 Complete the dialogue with lines from the box. Write the missing lines in the correct places.
There are three extra lines that don’t belong in this dialogue.
Joe: Where’s the list of things we ned to take?

………………………………………………………………………………………… 1
Ben: Here it is. Sleeping bag, wash things, waterproof jacket. I’ve already packed mine.
Joe: …………………………………………………………………………………………2
Ben: Yes, of course. But I don’t think it’s going to be very cold this weekend.
E
Joe: …………………………………………………………………………………………3
Ben: Don’t worry, I won’t. I’ve also got a first aid kit.
Joe: …………………………………………………………………………………………4
Ben: Great! I haven’t got one.
Joe:
Ben:
PL
…………………………………………………………………………………………5
Mobile phone and map. And I’m not going to forget them. Don’t worry.
Let’s take a book for identifying wild

plants.
Where’s the list of things we need to
take?
Please don’t forget your torch and water
bottle.
It’s a compass.
Well done. Have you also packed your hat
and gloves in case it gets cold?
I’ll bring my compass.
Where are the cooking things for our
M
campfire?
Well we can both use mine if we get lost!
Now the two most important things are…
2 Some words are missing. Write a suitable word in each gap. Some may be simple words like a or
at. There can be several possibilities for some gaps.
SA
wek 1. My friend Cathy and I went ……………2 the

I had a great time last ……………
Outdoor Centre and learned lots ……………3 useful skills. On our first day ……………4
learned how to follow marked paths ……………5 tracks using a map and compass.
……………6 also had a short course on ……………7 aid. I feel confident now I
……………8 deal with an emergency. Then we ……………9 some camping skills.
They taught us how to build ……………10 shelter using wood, rocks, branches and
……………11 other materials you might find outside. ……………12 next day we went
out hiking. We had a map and a ……………13 and we had ……………14 walk about
twelve kilometres through a ……………15 to get to a shelter for ……………16 night.
Unfortunately, the wind blew our ……………17 away and we got lost. I ……………18
quite scared, but luckily we still ……………19 the compass so we managed to
……………20 to the shelter before dark.
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Use of English
-ing forms
Use of English
We can use -ing forms as subjects.
Cooking outside is a lot of fun.
We can use -ing forms as objects.
I don’t like getting cold and wet.
We can use -ing forms after some prepositions.
E
I’m no good at making a fire.
Check!
Complete the rules.
When we add -ing to a verb ending in one e, we drop the e:
before adding -ing:

PL
ride à riding, make à ............................1.
If a one-syllable verb ends in a single consonant (except w and y), we double the consonant
rub à rubbing, beg à begging, swim à ............................2, run à ............................3,

But: draw à drawing, play à ............................4, show à ............................5
With longer verbs that end in a single consonant, we double the consonant if the final
M
syllable is stressed:
prefer àpreferring, begin à ............................6.
The stress in the words open and visit is on the first syllable, not the final syllable, so we
don’t double the consonant:
open àopening, visit à ............................7.
SA
Focus
1 Order the words to make sentences.
a walking / countryside / I / like / really / the / in / .
I really like walking in the countryside.
………………………………………………………………………………………………
b taking / Sandy / photos / likes / wildlife / of / .
………………………………………………………………………………………………
c at / I’m / very / not / good / over / cooking / campfire / a / .
………………………………………………………………………………………………
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d a / Building / a / is / skill / useful / shelter / .

………………………………………………………………………………………………
e you / Are / learning / interested / skills / in / navigation / ?
………………………………………………………………………………………………
2 Complete the sentences with the correct verb from the box in the -ing form.
get make put swim travel walk
E
a Walking in the pouring rain is not my idea of fun.
………………
b ……………… into a warm sleeping bag is the nicest part of camping.
c ……………… up a tent on your own isn’t that easy.
d
e
f
Practice
3
a
PL
……………… in lakes and rivers can be dangerous.
……………… a fire with just one match can be difficult.
……………… around the world is my dream.
Circle the correct word.

Do you like be / being outside?
M
b I have never been very good at / for walking long distances.
c Joey didn’t like to sleeping / sleeping in a tent last summer.
d Look / Looking at the stars is a wonderful thing to do.
e And listening / the listening to birds when you wake up is amazing.
SA
f Raj has always been keen to / keen on climbing trees.
4 Correct the mistake in every sentence. There should be an -ing word in every sentence.
a Swiming is a really important life skill.
Swimming is a really important life skill.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
b I’m not good for reading a map.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
c Do you like to camping?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
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Use of English
d Put up a tent isn’t always easy.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………
e Maria really doesn’t like rideing.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
f Are you interested in learn first aid?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
g I’m very keen identifying insects and plants.
E
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
Challenge
5 Match the sentence beginnings to the endings and write the -ing form of the verb in brackets.
a
b
c
d
e
f
[
[
[
[
[
] We all like …
PL
Write the numbers 1–7 in the boxes.
[ 7 ] Most people don’t like …
] Shy people prefer …

] My grandmother really enjoys …
] Does your cat like …
] I don’t remember …
1
2
3
4
5
(chat) ………… to our friends.
(drop) ………… my wallet, but I’ve lost it.
(get) ………… lost with you in the forest
that day.
(have) ………… a rest after her lunch.
(listen) ………… to talking.
M
6 (watch) ………… animal programmes on TV?
g [ ] I’ve never forgotten …
7 swimming in icy cold water.
(swim) ……………
6 Write sentences about outdoor activities. Use an -ing word in every sentence.
a ……………… is my favourite activity outside.
SA
b I don’t like ……………… on my own.

c I’m quite good at ……………… but I’m not very
good at ……………… .
d My friend is really interested in ……………… .
e I don’t know anybody who’s keen on ……………… .
f ……………… is something I’d like to try one day.
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5.4 The land of adventure

1 Match the activities to the pictures.
bungee snowboarding swimming with

kayaking sailing skydiving
jumping dolphins
a b c
E
swimming with dolphins
…………………………
d
PL ……………………
e
……………………
f
M
…………………… …………………… ……………………
2 Complete each advertisement with the correct word from the box.
SA
fishing paragliding
exploring white-water rafting
a exploring
We know you will enjoy ……………………… the Blue Grotto caves with
one of our guides.
b Try ……………………… with us! Our instructors will take you down a
fast-flowing river in one of our inflatable boats.
c Do you want to catch your own food? Hire one of our boats and spend
the day ……………………… on the lake.
d Have you ever dreamed of flying? Try ………………………! It’s like being
a bird.
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5.5 Geography
5.5 The land of the long white cloud

1 Complete the fact file about Iceland with words from the box.
capital forest inhabitants island lakes

official national population species traditional
island
island 1 in Europe. Its area is around 103 000 square
Iceland is the second largest ………....…
E
kilometres. It has a small ………....…2 for its size – around 340 000 ………....…3.
The ………....…4 of Iceland is the city of Reykjavik.
Icelandic is the ………....…5 language of Iceland. It is related to Norwegian and Faroese.
PL
Handball is the ………....…6 sport of Iceland. Glima, which is ………....…7 Icelandic
wrestling, is also very popular. Icelandic people also enjoy spending time in natural hot
pools. The water in these pools and small ………....…8 is heated by volcanic activity.
There aren’t many trees in Iceland. However, before humans arrived around 1200 years
ago, more than 30% of the land was covered in ………....…9.
The Arctic fox is the only ………....…10 of land mammal on Iceland which existed there
before humans. It came to the island at the end of the Ice Age, walking over the frozen sea.
M
SA
2 Choose the correct ending for the sentence beginnings. Write 1 to 5 in the boxes.
a [ 3 ] The landscape of Iceland was 1 … and many inactive ones.
formed …
2 … apart from pets, or in zoos.
b [ ] There are 30 active volcanoes …
3 … by volcanic activity.
c [ ] The highest mountain is
Oraefajokull, a volcano, … 4 … containing 3100 cubic km of ice.
d [ ] The Vatnajokull glacier is the 5 … which is 2109 metres high.
biggest in Europe …
e [ ] There are no reptiles on Iceland …
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5.6 Alana goes to New Zealand

1 Read the communications and put them in chronological order. Number them 1 to 6.
a [ ] b [ 1 ]
Hi Pierre Hi Yusuf
Just to remind you – I’m arriving Why don’t you come and stay in Malta for
in 2 days. I can’t wait! a week in August? Our house is right by
Ghadira Beach and the swimming is great.
Yusuf
Send Pierre Send
E
c [ ] Write to Mariela for advice. Your letter will be printed without your name. We’ll use a pseudonym.
Dear Mariela Dear Sea Fear
My friend has invited me for a holiday by I think you’re courageous. You want
d [ ]
PL
the sea. But I can’t swim and I’m scared of
the sea. My friend doesn’t know. I don’t
want to be like this for the rest of my life.
Shall I accept my friend’s invitation?
Sea Fear
e [ ]
to change and you can. You can get
swimming lessons at a local pool. They
aren’t pricey and you can learn to swim in
a month. So YES! Accept the invitation.
Mariela
M
Gold Swimming YUSUF THE HERO
CERTIFICATE Yusuf Aydin, 16, was screaming.
Awarded to: was at Ghadira Yusuf swam out
Beach when he to the child and
Yusuf Aydin heard cries. He saw brought her back.
SA
For completing a two-kilometre

a small girl a long ‘He is a hero,’ Mrs
swim in 45 minutes. way out. Her mother Camilleri said.
At the Oasis Swimming Club on:
Date 24 July f [ ] Welcome to Malta, Yusuf!

I’m waiting for you by the
exit. See you in a minute!
2 Find the words in the texts above that mean:

a help someone to remember: …………………………
b a false name: …………………………
c another word for brave: …………………………
d another word for expensive: …………………………
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Use of English
Expressing the future

Use of English
There are a few ways of talking about the future.
Check!
Read the examples and complete the rules with the phrases from the box.
E
future see continuous guess simple going to shall
We use the present ………....…1 for fixed arrangements.
Who’s going to make the fire?

PL
I’m having a barbecue party this Saturday.
We use ………....…2 for plans and intentions.
We use going to for predictions based on what we know or can ………....…3.

It’s going to be sunny tomorrow. Look at that red sky.
M
We use will / ’ll / won’t for giving information about the ………....…4.
There’ll be mosquitoes so take some spray with you.
We use will for predicting what we think or ………....…5 will happen.

I know it won’t be perfect but I’m sure we’ll have fun.
SA
We use the present ………....…6 for timetables and schedules.

What time does the concert finish?
We use ………....…7 for asking or suggesting what to do.

Where shall we meet?
If you aren’t sure which future expression to use, it’s safest to use going to!
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Focus
1 Complete the sentences with the correct form of going to + a verb from the box.
be buy stay up take travel
a ’m going
I don’t want to go to bed yet. I ……………
to stay up
………………………… and look at the stars
for a bit.
E
b He doesn’t want to walk home in the rain.
He …………………… the bus.
c What kind of tent …………………… at the
camping shop?
2
d
e
PL
It’s already 6 o’clock. We .………………… late.
She says she …………………… around the
world for six months .
Complete the conversation with will / ’ll or won’t.
Sam: Are you looking forward to your camping trip?

M
Ana: will
Yes and no. The weather forecast says it …………… 1
rain this weekend so we
……………2 have to take our waterproof jackets. And I know we ……………3
get wet when we’re hiking to the campsite. Another annoying thing is that I
……………4 miss Suzy’s birthday party this weekend. I know it ……………5 be
a lot of fun and I ……………6 be there.
SA
Sam: I’m sure you ……………7 have a lot of fun camping. It ……………8 be an
adventure! How many of you ……………9 there be on the trip?
Ana: Ten including two teachers.
Sam: Where ……………10 you eat?
Ana: We ……………11 make our food on a campfire but I ……………12 do any

cooking because I’m not very good at it. Do you think we ……………13 have a
problem with mosquitoes?
Sam: I’m sure there ……………14 be any! It’s too cold at the moment.
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Use of English
3 Look at Rob’s diary and complete the questions

and answers using present continuous.
Saturday
Morning: make cake for Nina’s birthday
Afternoon: meet Tom at 2 to practise our new song
Evening: cinema with Luke and Dave
Sunday
E
Morning: go swimming with Tom
Evening: finish geography project
c
is Rob making
Who …………………………………………
’s making
He …………………………………………
PL
a cake for on Saturday morning?
it for Nina.
What time ………………………………………… Tom on Saturday?
He ………………………………………… him at two.
What ………………………………………… together on Saturday afternoon?
They ………………………………………… their new song.
M
d Who ………………………………………… to the cinema with on Saturday evening?
He ………………………………………… with Luke and Dave.
e What ………………………………………… doing on Sunday morning?
They ………………………………………… swimming.
SA
f When ………………………………………… geography project?

He ………………………………………… Sunday evening.
Practice
4 Circle the correct verb in each sentence: present simple or present continuous.
a Lucy doesn’t come / isn’t coming to the party on Saturday.
b The plane leaves / is leaving at 3.30.
c Are you going / Do you go on holiday this year?
d The film is ending / ends at 5 o’clock.
e I don’t go / I’m not going out this evening.
f She doesn’t take / isn’t taking the exam this year.
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5 Correct the mistakes.

Get it right!
a We have to go now – our plane will leave at five.
Remember
We have to go now – our plane leaves at five.
…………………………………………………………………… to use will /’ll
when making
b Goodbye then – I see you tomorrow. predictions.
…………………………………………………………………… I’m sure you
make the right
c Look at those clouds – it’s raining in a minute. decision. ✗
I’m sure you will
E
…………………………………………………………………… make the right
decision. ✓
d I’m so excited – we go camping tomorrow.
……………………………………………………………………
Challenge
6
PL
Will I help you to pack your bag?
……………………………………………………………………
Complete the sentences with a verb from the box using ’ll / will / won’t or the
present continuous.
M
be buy camp do get happen pass stay take
a won’t happen
I’m sorry I was late yesterday. It …………………… again, I promise.
b ‘………....…………....… you ………....…………....… anything next

SA
weekend?’ ‘Not really. I ………....…………....… at home and finishing

my project.’
c Let me finish this email. It ………....…………....… me very long.
d I’ve just bought a tent. We ………....…………....… at Golden Sands

this weekend.
e The forecast says it ………....…………....… warm and sunny tomorrow.
f Mum ………....…………....… me a new waterproof jacket so you can

have this one if you like.
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5.7 Write about it

1 Read the advertisement. Choose the correct sentence
from the box to start the paragraphs.
Do you want to learn to swim?

If you’re keen on competing, why not join
one of our teams?
We have four pools.
E
Diving from a 5-metre platform is not for
everyone.
The Oasis Centre is not just for swimming.
1 ………….………….………….………….………….
PL
From diving to kayaking, the Oasis Centre has it all!
The Oasis Centre is not just for swimming.

We also offer classes, courses and water activities for all ages.
2 ………….………….………….………….…………. The outdoor pool is heated to 28 °C so you
M
will enjoy swimming in the open air in all seasons. The diving pool is 4 metres deep with diving
platforms of 1 metre, 3 metres and 5 metres. The wave pool is for family fun. Artificial waves
are produced every ten minutes. Finally, the learner pool is the place to have lessons. It’s just
one metre deep.
3 ………….………….………….………….…………. Or are you interested in improving your
technique? We offer swimming lessons for all ages and abilities all through the year.
SA
4 ………….………….………….………….…………. But if you fancy learning to dive, our

instructors are here to help you.
5 ………….………….………….………….………….………….………….…………. .
We race against other swimming clubs every month.
Challenge
2 In your notebook, write two paragraphs for an advertisement for an outdoor
activity centre. Before you start, make a list of activities that the centre offers.
Choose a name for it and write an exciting heading. Make readers want to read
more by asking questions and using verbs and phrases with the -ing form, such as
enjoy, keen on, fancy, interested in, How about…
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5.8 Fiction
angry birds difficult free kind river stop strict vegetables
Chan had a …………difficult 1 time when he was growing up. His mother died when he was ten. Chan
lived with his father and grandmother, Xin. Xin was …………2 to him – she made him cakes
E
and taught him songs. But his father was …………3 and made Chan work all the time.
By the age of twelve, Chan had to walk five kilometres to school and home again every day.
In his …………4 time he loved drawing, but his father always tried to …………5 him. He
made Chan help in the fields, planting …………6 and cutting the grass. One afternoon Chan
2
PL
picked up his drawing things, and ran down to the …………7. It was cool and peaceful and
the …………8 were singing. He was just about to start drawing, when his father appeared.
He was very …………9.
This is the dialogue between Chan and his father which followed.
Use numbers to put it in the correct order.
Father: Beautiful? What’s the matter with Chan: But we planted beans yesterday. Why
M
you? Sitting and looking at a river do we need to plant them today? [ ]
won’t make money. I’m the only Chan: I want to enjoy the peaceful evening
one in this family who thinks about and draw. What do you want me to
the future. [ ] do, anyway? [ ]
Father: You’ve got work to do. You can’t sit Chan: I’m looking at the river, Dad, and
SA
and draw. Come home at once. [ ] getting ready to draw it. [ 2 ]

Father: Because at this time of year we need Chan: No I don’t understand. I need to
to plant vegetables every day. Do enjoy myself sometimes. Life isn’t
you understand? [ ] about working in the fields all the
Father: What do you think you’re doing? [ 1 ] time. Just look at the river, Dad.
Father: I want you to help me plant beans, How beautiful! [ ]
of course. [ ] Chan: You’re wrong. I think about the
future all the time. I’m going to go to
art school and I’ll sell my pictures in
the city. Just wait and see. [ ]
Challenge
3 Is there a conversation you would like to have with someone? Write it in your notebook.
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6 Sports and games

6.1 The language of sport
1 Complete the sentences with words from box A. Then name the sport, choosing from box B.
A cap lane rider saddle stumps
B cricket horse riding swimming
E
a lane
I train every morning. I go up and down the fast ……………….. in the pool.
I always wear a ……………….. and goggles. Sport: ………………..
2
b
c PL
In this game, the bowler tries to hit the ……………….., which are behind the batsman.
Sport: ………………..
Sit down in the ……………….. and don’t hold the reins too tightly.
You’ll make a good ……………….. Sport: ………………..
Use the words from the two columns to make compound nouns. Then label the pictures.
M
a b
baseball ski
skating elbow
post goal
poles bat
SA
ice pads
…………………… ……………………
c d e
…………………… …………………… ……………………
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6 Sports and games
6.2 Getting to the top

1 Use the clues and the mixed up letters to work out the missing words.
a courage
If you don’t give in to your fears, you have ……………………. (ECUGARO)
b You need good hand–eye ……………………. in tennis. (ADRINITONOCO)
c You can build up ……………………. in your arms by lifting heavy weights several times
a week. (GNTHERTS)
E
d He trains at the pool at 5 a.m. every day. He has great …………………….-
……………………. (FLES LICINIDEPS)
e A lot of team sports require ……………………. Players have to respond quickly to
movements of the other players. (LITIGAY)
f
i
(INTEROMINATED) PL
‘You need to go faster. Try to increase your ……………………. by a few seconds every
day. It’s the only way you will win this race.’ (EPEDS)
People with ……………………. continue to do something even when it’s very difficult.
Some people have great ……………………. for a sport to start with, and then they lose
interest. (SHUTMANIES)
Tennis and table tennis are two sports that require quick …………………….
M
(CARONITES)
j Athletes need to control ……………………. like anger and fear. (OMONITES)
2 A sports coach is speaking. Match the sentence beginnings to the endings.

a Play 1 confidence in yourself.
SA
b You can improve 2 positive.

c Try to control 3 with practice.
d Stay calm 4 you can do it.
e Have 5 your emotions.
f Be 6 and stamina.
g Believe 7 spirit is important.
h Develop your strength 8 well!
i Team 9 even before a big match.
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6.3 Talk about it
6.3 Sport for all

1 As you read the text, complete the information in the table.
Everybody calls the Paralympian swimmer Xu Qing by his nickname

‘The Shark’ because of his speed and strength in the water.
Xu, who was born on 27 September 1992, lost both his arms in
a car accident at the age of six. He showed great courage and
determination as a child when, aged seven, he started training as a
E
swimmer. He was only 11 when he took part in his first Paralympic
Games in 2004 in Athens, Greece. As he was so young and
inexperienced, nobody in the team was surprised that he didn’t win any medals.
His big moment came four years later in the Beijing Paralympics, where he won his first
by three more in Rio in 2016.
PL
three gold medals. In the London Paralympics, he won another four gold medals, followed
Xu has set himself new goals since Rio. He realises that nobody can stay at the top of
their sport forever and as he gets older he wants to build a new career, probably in sports
education. Xu says his success has come from his enthusiasm for swimming, his family’s
support, and, of course, from his coaches’ advice to keep competing.
a Name Xu Qing Reading tip

M
b Nickname
Reading for particular information
c Date of birth and making notes
d Sport
When you did Exercise 1, you didn’t
e Paralympic Where: When: Medals: need to read every word because
Games
SA
you were only looking for the

answers to certain questions. So
you were looking for key words and
specific information. This type of
reading is called scanning.
f Reasons for 1 Exercise 1 also teaches you how to
success make notes. When you make notes
2 as you read or listen, you don’t need
3 to write down all the details and you
don’t need to write full sentences.
This is useful when you want to find
Challenge out a few important facts from a long
2 Scan the text again and make a note of what article and write them down fast.
Xu’s new career might be.
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6 Sports and games
Abstract nouns
Use of English
An abstract noun is a noun which refers to a quality, an idea or a feeling.
quality idea feeling
determination health happiness
kindness success sadness
vitality freedom fear
E
We usually use abstract nouns without the, a or an.
Flexibility and strength are important qualities for gymnasts.
When we make an abstract noun specific, rather than general, we use an article.
PL
She doesn’t have the stamina or the determination to run a marathon.
Check!
Read the sentences and underline the abstract nouns.
After training for a few weeks, you should see an improvement in your performance.
He wants to be an actor but he doesn’t have the courage or the confidence that
is needed.
M
Focus
1 Make abstract nouns from these adjectives.
Abstract nouns ending in -ity Abstract nouns ending in -nce
a agile agility
……………………… j different ………………………
SA
b flexible ……………………… k important ………………………

c similar ……………………… l intelligent ………………………
Abstract nouns ending in -ty Abstract nouns ending in -th
d difficult ……………………… m healthy ………………………
e honest ……………………… n strong ………………………
f safe ……………………… o true ………………………
Abstract nouns ending in -ness
g fresh ………………………
h happy ………………………
i helpful ………………………
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Use of English
2 Make abstract nouns from these verbs.

Abstract nouns ending in -ation Abstract nouns ending in -ment
a concentrate ……………………… d achieve ………………………
b coordinate ……………………… e agree ………………………
c determine ……………………… f excite ………………………
3 Make adjectives from these abstract nouns.
E
a anger ……………………… d interest ………………………
b calm ……………………… e surprise ………………………
Practice
4
comfort ………………………
PL
Are the sentences correct? Correct the incorrect ones.
a
b
f worry ………………………
I think kindness is important in a person.

I think the kindess is important in a person. …………………………………………………
Honesty is usually the best policy. ……………………………………………………………

M
c Which would you rather have: the intelligence or the strength? ………………………….…
……………………………….……….……….……………………………………………......
d He needed the courage to do that! ……………………………….……….……….………....

SA
e The beauty of the landscape made us all go quiet. ……………………………….………....
Challenge
5 Finish the sentences using abstract nouns.
a The most important qualities in a friend are ……………………….……….……….………
b My best qualities are ……………………….……….……….……….……….….….………..
c The biggest surprise I’ve ever had was …….………….……….…………….….….………..
d The difference between .…………..…………..…………..…………..…………..………….
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6 Sports and games
Pronouns everyone, anyone, no one; everything,

anything, nothing
Use of English
The pronouns everyone, anyone, no one; Check!
everything, anything, nothing are called Read the examples then complete
indefinite pronouns. We write these pronouns the rules.
as one word with the exception of no one.
E
They all take a singular verb. Everyone in the stadium was really excited.
We use nobody / no one / nothing with a Everybody was jumping up and down.
positive verb: I don’t know anyone who plays water polo.
• No one thinks we can win, but we will! Does anybody know the score?
•
goalkeeper.
negatives and questions.

•
•
PL
Nobody could get past the
We usually use anyone and anything with
I don’t know anything about that team.

Has anything happened since half
time?
No one expected this result.
Nobody thought we’d win.
3
Everyone and ……………… have the
same meaning.
Anyone and ……………… have the
same meaning.
No one and ……………… have the
M
But there is a special use of anyone and same meaning.
anything with a positive verb, meaning ‘it
doesn’t matter who / what’:
Snowboarding is the most exciting sport.
Anyone who has tried it will tell you that.
Anything can happen!
SA
Focus
1 Circle the correct word in each sentence.
a Everybody / Anybody is talking about the next Olympic Games.
b It’s OK, there’s nothing / anything to worry about.
c I didn’t see nothing / anything.
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Use of English
d Can I do anything / everything to help?

Get it right!
e It’s so boring. There’s anything / nothing to do.
The word
f I didn’t know nobody / anybody at the party. everything means
g Jamil is very friendly. Everyone / Anyone likes him. ‘all the things’:
h Anybody / Nobody likes getting up early. He can explain
all the things very
Practice well. ✗
2 Complete the sentences with anyone, anything, nothing or no one. He can explain
everything very
E
a Does ………………...… want the last potato? well. ✓
b ‘What do you want for dinner?’ ‘………………...…, as long as Remember
it’s quick.’ the spelling:
everything is one
c I knocked at the door a few times but ………………...…
d
e
f
Challenge
answered.
anything
I can’t find ………………...…
PL
to wear.
I’m afraid there’s ………………...… I can do to help you.
‘What shall we play?’ ‘………………...…; I really don’t mind.’
word, not two.
M
3 Complete the conversation.
A: anything 1 on TV?
Is there ………………
B: What do you want to watch?
A: ………………2 I don’t mind.

SA
B: ………………3 is talking about that new sports quiz.
A: Really? I don’t know ………………4 who’s watched it.
B: Don’t you remember? Alex said it was really good.
A: Well, I don’t know ………………5 about sport. You’re the expert.

You know ………………6 about it. ………………7 knows as much as you.
B: The questions aren’t difficult. ………………8 can answer them.
A: Well, not me. I know ………………9 about sport.
B: Let’s watch it anyway and I’ll answer all the questions.
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6 Sports and games
6.4 The final score

1 Put the letters in the correct order to make words connected with football.
a ward …………….…… g olag …………….……
b ylanpet thoso-uto …………….…… h lahf imet …………….……
c lulf emit …………….…… i thmac …………….……
d instaga …………….…… j roces …………….……
e artex emit …………….……
E
k ondecs flah …………….……
f strif flah …………….…… l iwn no stalinepe …………….……
2 Complete the dialogue with the words and phrases in the box.
against
half time
Jason: Exciting!
all
match
Katie: Who was playing?

PL
match
Katie: What was the …………………… 1
draw
nil up
like?
Jason: It was Brazil ……………………2 Italy.

extra time
score
first half
second half
goals
win
M
Katie: Did Brazil ……………………3?
Jason: Yes, but it was very close.
Katie: What do you mean?
Jason: Well in the ……………………4 Italy were doing
really well.
SA
Katie: What was the score at ……………………5?

Jason: Italy was two ……………………6.
Katie: You mean Brazil didn’t ……………………7 at all in the first half ?
Jason: No.
Katie: Then what happened?
Jason: Well in the ……………………8 Brazil scored two ……………………9.
Katie: So it was a ……………………10?
Jason: Yes. Two ……………………11.
Katie: Then what?
Jason: They went into ……………………12 and in the last minute Brazil scored a
third goal.
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6.5 Physical education
6.5 The ancient Olympics

1 Complete the crossword.
1 2 3 Across
1 Fighting using your
whole body. (9)
4
4 A formal event –
5
there’s one for the
6 7
opening and one for
E
the closing of the
Olympic Games. (8)
8 7 A long pointed stick
for throwing as a
sport. (7)
14
10
12
11
PL 9
13
9 A large building where
sports events take
place. (7)
10 A big meal. (5)
12 It was pulled by a
horse in the ancient
Olympic games. (7)
M
14 The leaves of this tree
15
were used to make a
16 crown. (5)
15 A person who is
watching a sports
Down event. (9)
SA
2 Athletics event where the person has to jump as far 16 If you do well in a
as possible. (4,4) competition, you win
3 A short and very fast running race. (6) first ………………. (5)
4 Another word for a winner. (8)
5 An event of five sports. (10)
6 Where the Olympic Games started. (6)
8 Someone who is competing in a sports event. (10)
11 Someone who is very good at sport. (7)
13 It can be gold, silver or bronze. (5)
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6 Sports and games
6.6 Racing to win

1 Read the text. Circle the correct answer a, b or c.
Pigeons have been used since Ancient Egyptian times of the air’. They also have a fantastic sense of
to carry messages attached to their legs. It was the direction. Their training involves taking them by
fastest way of delivering a message. But when the car away from their home and setting them free to
telegraph and the telephone were invented, pigeons fly back. A good racing pigeon can get home from
were used less as messengers and were used more 1600 kilometres away and fly at an average of
in races. Pigeon racing involves taking the birds from 60 kilometres per hour. The fastest speed recorded
E
their homes to the starting place of the race. The for a pigeon is 177 kilometres per hour.
birds, which have an electronic chip, are freed from Recently some schools in the UK have started to
their cages and they then fly back to their homes. At keep racing pigeons. Teachers say that children
its home, an electronic timer gets information from can learn geography from following pigeon
the chip on the pigeon’s leg and shows what time
1
fastest is the winner.
PL
the pigeon arrived. The pigeon that has flown the
Racing pigeons have exceptional speed, strength

and stamina and are sometimes called ‘athletes
Messenger pigeons:
a were first used in the 20th century.
races on maps, and maths from working out the
pigeons’ speed. A racing pigeon at one school
recently won a prize of £250. This isn’t a lot
compared to the £1 million recently paid in China
to buy one pigeon!
3 A racing pigeon:
a can win a race without being trained.
M
b carried messages on their legs. b can fly at an average speed of
c were better than the telephone for 177 kilometres per hour.
communication. c has great stamina.
2 Racing pigeons: 4 Racing pigeons:

a all fly back to the same place. a are kept in all schools in the UK.
SA
b all start the race from the same place. b are helping some children with
maths and geography.
c are impossible to time.
c can win a maximum of £250 in
prize money.
2 Answer the questions in your notebook.

a Why did people stop using pigeons as messengers?
b Why are racing pigeons sometimes called athletes of the air?
c What’s the average speed of a racing pigeon?
d What kind of dangers do you think racing pigeons face?
e Would you like to keep pigeons? Why or why not?
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Use of English
Comparative adverbs, including irregular

adverbs (better, worse ...)
Use of English
With most adverbs ending in -ly, we form the comparative by placing more
before the adverb:
Biyu writes more beautifully than anyone in our class.
E
But short adverbs usually have comparative forms ending in -er:
Biyu also works much harder than everyone else.
We can use not as ... as to compare two things that are not equal:
My mum doesn’t walk as fast as me.
PL
We can use much or far to give emphasis in a comparison:
You run much faster than Steve.
There are some irregular comparative adverbs:
well – better; badly – worse; far – further.
Everyone plays better after a good night’s sleep.
Check!
M
Complete the rules.
Short adverbs usually have the comparative ending in …………………1.
The comparative form of well, badly and far is regular / irregular 2.
In the comparative they are: …………………3, …………………4, …………………5.
SA
We make a comparison using the word than, placed before / after6 a comparative adverb.
Focus
1 Write the comparative form of these short adverbs.
a earlier
early ……………….………. f long ……………….……….
b fast ……………….………. g loud ……………….……….
c hard ……………….………. h low ……………….……….
d high ……………….………. i near ……………….……….
e late ……………….……….
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6 Sports and games
2 Complete the sentences with the comparative form of the adverbs in brackets.
a faster
You swam a lot ………………. than me in that race. (fast)
b She can stay under water much ………………. than Wang. (long)
c He throws the javelin ………………. than anyone in the school. (far)
d Nobody dives ………………. than Chunhua. (beautifully)
e We all performed far ………………. than we expected. (badly)
f They always train much ………………. than we do. (seriously)
E
g We all need to get up ………………., try ………………. and play ………………. .
(early / hard / well)
Practice
3 Write comparative sentences with (not)) as … as about two friends.
PL Ivan Josh
M
Gets up at: 7 a.m. 6 a.m.
Goes to bed at: 11 p.m. 10 p.m.
Distance from school 7 km 5 km
SA
Speed of walking 5 kph 5 kph

Exam results AAA AAA
a Ivan dosn't get up as early as Josh.

(Ivan / not get up / early / Josh) ……………….……………….…………………………….
b (Josh / not go to bed / late / Ivan) ……………………………………………………………
c (Josh / not live / far from the school / Ivan) …………………………………………………
d (Ivan / not live / near the school / Josh) ………………………………………………………
e Ivan / walk / fast / Josh ……………………………………………………………………….
f Josh / do / well in exams / Ivan ………………………………………………………………
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Use of English
4 Complete the email with the correct adverb from the box in the comparative form.
badly early far fast hard high long low well
I am having an amazing time here at Athletics Camp. I get up ………………. earlier 1

than
the others and go for a run every morning. I want to perform ………………. than 2
E
last year in the tournament and I think this is the way to improve. I am also sleeping
……………….3 than I usually do. I go to bed at nine so when I get up for my run
at six, I have already slept for nine hours! I am definitely training ……………….4
and running ……………….5 than last year. And I am also running ……………….6 –
5
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more than 15 kilometres yesterday. On the other hand, I am getting ……………….7
at swimming, but perhaps that’s because the sea here is so cold! I jumped
……………….8 than Beth at high jump practice. She was a bit annoyed. But I scored
……………….9 than her in our fitness test. She got 90% and I only got 88%. Oh
well, you win some, you lose some.
Correct the mistakes.

Senden
M
a My brother runs faster as everyone in the school.
My brother runs faster than everyone in the school.
……………………..............................................…………………………………........
b I don’t get up early as my mother.
………………………………………………………......................................................
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c Nobody works harder from Alisha.

………………………………………………………......................................................
d Are you feeling more better today?
………………………………………………………......................................................
e On the first day we walked ten kilometres and on the second
we walked even more far.
………………………………………………………......................................................
f This pen doesn’t write as good as my old one.
………………………………………………………......................................................
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6 Sports and games
Challenge
6 Imagine you are a film director. Tell the actors how to improve using an adverb
from the box in the comparative from and much / a bit.
clearly far fast hard loud low near quietly
a stand
Could you stand a bit nearer the window, please?
……………………………………………………….............................................................
E
b say that again
……………………………………………………….............................................................
c knock on the door
f
turn around
whisper those words PL

……………………………………………………….............................................................
……………………………………………………….............................................................
……………………………………………………….............................................................
get down
……………………………………………………….............................................................
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g open the door
……………………………………………………….............................................................
h throw the ball
……………………………………………………….............................................................
SA
7 Write five sentences about you, your family or your friends using
the comparative adverbs faster, better, harder, later, earlier, louder.
a My little brother talks louder than everyone in my family.
……………………………………………………….............................................................
b ……………………………………………………….............................................................
c ……………………………………………………….............................................................
d ……………………………………………………….............................................................
e ……………………………………………………….............................................................
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6.7 Write about it

1 Complete the paragraph by Zhang Wei with words from the box. Some of the words are not needed.
athletics canoeing climbing running determination distance
fast keen kicking strong organised tiredness
What I think about sport by Zhang Wei Chen
E
ken
I’m 12 years old and I’ve always been ………....……....… 1
on sport. From the
age of five I loved ………....……....… a ball around a field. At primary school we
2
didn’t do much ………....……....…3 sport but I was always ………....……....…4

around at top speed, ………....……....…5 trees and racing up and down the exercise
2
PL
bars. When I was ten my dad and I joined a ………....……....…6 club. I loved it,
especially going down the river ………....……....…7. My dream is to become the
fastest long ………....……....…8 runner in the school, and then in Bristol, my city.
I’ve got the stamina and the ………....……....…9 to succeed, I think.
Arrange the sentences by Georgia in the correct order, 1–9.

What I think about sport, by Georgia Adams.
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a [9 ] He’s only 13 but he swims much faster than me!
b [ ] However, I really enjoy being active, but not in a competitive way.
c [ ] And I also go skiing with my family in Switzerland every year.
d [ ] I don’t have any big sporting ambitions for the future but one day I’d like to
win a swimming race against my brother Ben.
SA
e [ ] I love the feeling of speed and the wind in my face as I come down a mountain.
f [ ] I swim at my local pool once a week, winter and summer.
g [ ] I’m 14 years old and I’ve never been brilliant at sport.
h [ ] I do it because swimming makes me feel really alive.
i [1 ] My name’s Georgia Adams and I live in London.
Challenge
3 Write a paragraph about you with the title ‘What I think about sport’. Think about yourself at
primary school and now and include any sport you have done (or wanted to do) with your family.
Use words and phrases from Exercises 1 and 2. Write about 130 words.
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6 Sports and games
6.8 Fiction
1 Complete the text with the words in the box.
club coach competition foot faster
important nervous number stronger trained
competition 1. I was 12 and I was in an athletics

I’ll never forget my first big athletics …………....…
………....…2 called the Jets. I ………....…3 with them for a few months. Then Tim,
E
the ………....…4, suggested I should enter a tournament. He wanted me to run the
90-metre hurdles. The day of the tournament came, and after school I went to the
stadium. I noticed a lot of other girls who were going to be in my event. They looked
a lot ………....…5 than me and I was sure they were going to run ………....…6 than
2
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me. I started to feel ………....…7. Then it was time for the race. With hurdles, the most
………....…8 thing is your rhythm. You have to always run the same ………....…9 of
steps between each hurdle, and always jump over the hurdle on the same ………....…10.
I got the rhythm right that day. I did it in 13.6 seconds and I came first in the under-
13s. Tim was pleased with me for once!
Put the conversation in the correct order. Number the exchanges 1 to 11.
M
[ ] Fran: Yes, and this time I really did [ ] Tim: And they made you feel
get the rhythm right. nervous?
[ ] Fran: I was OK until I saw these [1 ] Tim: Fantastic, Fran!
really competitive girls. You came first.
[ ] Fran: Yes because they looked much [ ] Tim: Strength isn’t everything,
SA
stronger than me. you know.

[ ] Fran: I know. Speed and [ ] Tim: That’s normal. Everyone feels
determination are really nervous before a big event.
important too. [ ] Tim: That’s right. And getting the
[ ] Fran: I still can’t really believe it. rhythm right.
I was so nervous to start with. [ 11 ] Tim: You did really well, Fran.
What a great result.
Challenge
3 Imagine you were another competitor in a hurdle race, and you didn’t come first.
Write a conversation between you and your coach. Start like this:
Coach: Well done. Are you happy with your result?
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7 Success
7.1 At work
1 Match the people (a–g) to the place where they work (1–7).
a [ 6 ] chef 1 office
b [ ] teacher 2 school
c [ ] car mechanic 3 court
E
d [ ] lawyer 4 garage
e [ ] nurse 5 hospital
f [ ] pilot 6 kitchen
2
g [ ] receptionist
accountant
pharmacist
PL
architect
plumber
7
electrician
vet
plane
Who are these people speaking to? Match their words to the person they are speaking to.
hairdresser
waiter
M
a I’d like a cheese b I need something for
sandwich and an orange a headache and a bad
waiter
juice, please. ………… cold. …………
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c I’d like you to cut it d All the lights in the e There’s water coming
quite short, please. house have stopped out of a pipe in my
………… working. ………… bathroom. …………
f How much did the g My cat has been in a h The roof is flat and
company spend on IT fight and now there’s we’d like to build
this year? ………… something wrong with another floor above it.
his ear. ………… …………
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7 Success
7.2 Making science work

1 Complete the definitions by writing the letters in CAPITALS in the correct order.
a inventor is someone whose job is inventing new
An OVINTERN ………………
things.
b A TORENAGE ………… is something which produces electricity.
c A ROLLERPEP ………… is something which goes round and round to
make something move.
E
d A CEISTSTIN ………… is a person who studies or works in science.
e A BURNITE ………… is a machine with a wheel that produces electricity
when wind or water makes it turn.
2
f
h
PL
TORCHEDCELIRY ………… power is electricity that is produced from
fast-moving water.
A CIVEDE ………… is a tool or small machine that has been invented for
a particular purpose.
A ROOTYPPET ………… is the first model of a new invention.
Complete the text with phrases from the box.

M
came up with the idea of became interested made a difference
involved in got started on
Louis Braille is someone who has

made a difference
……………………………… 1
to the lives of blind people
SA
all over the world. Braille, born in 1809, lost his sight at
the age of five. While at a school for the blind, he learned
about a communication system called ‘night writing’ used
by the French army and ………………………………2 in it.
The system allowed soldiers to communicate in the dark
without speaking, by feeling marks on thick paper. Braille
………………………………3 making the marks much
simpler and ………………………………4 his own system
for the blind at the age of 15. Today all over the world,
people who are ………………………………5 teaching
blind people to read use Braille.
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7.3 Talk about it
7.3 A young entrepreneur

Cloze tests part 1
Language exams often use cloze tests, where a gap must be filled with one word.
This allows students to show comprehension and understanding of how a language works.
Sometimes there are several possible answers.
We were hungry so we went to the …………1 and bought some fruit and …………2 to eat
at home.
E
a store
Suggest two more answers to number 1: …………, …………, ………….
b What could the answers to number 2 be? …………, …………, …………
c In cloze tests, it’s useful to know what kind of word is missing, for example verb,
noun, adverb, adjective, preposition, pronoun.
1 PL
What kind of word is missing in the two examples above? ……………………
Some words are missing from these texts. Write one suitable word in each gap.
There are several possibilities for gaps 5, 9 and 14.
a
I’m in …………… 1
wheelchair. I had an accident a ……………2
M
years ago and I ……………3 no longer walk. I find it impossible
……………4 get into some places ……………5 restaurants and
shops because there ……………6 steps, or because the doors
are not wide ……………7. I was really pleased ……………8 hear
about an app that tells me which ……………9 and cafes have
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automatic doors.
My disability is blindness. I’m partially sighted, so I can’t see very well. I can
manage steps, so I can get in and ……………10 of places, but in a restaurant,
say, it’s hard ……………11 read the menu. I have to ask somebody else to
……………12 it to me. And it’s ……………13 to do that. Now I have this
app, and I can find out which restaurants have ……………14 in Braille,
so I can read them ……………15 my fingers. It’s great. I feel much
……………16 independent now.
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7 Success
Adjective + preposition
Use of English
Many adjectives are followed by a preposition.
I’m good at languages and not bad at drawing.
Do you ever feel worried about the future?
Are you frightened of spiders and snakes?
I feel responsible for my little brother.
E
Are you interested in sport?
No, but I’m keen on dance and yoga.
We often use the preposition to when we describe
a person’s behaviour towards another person.
You have been so kind to me.
He is so polite to everyone.
Check! PL
Underline the adjectives and circle the prepositions.
They were excited about their plans.
He is very proud of his achievements.
My sister is very similar to me.
Are you still involved in theatre and music?
M
Focus
1 Complete the sentences with the correct preposition.
a to
Friendship is important …………… me. We’re always helpful
SA
…………… each other.

b I think I’m quite good …………… maths and science. But I’m
not so keen …………… subjects like English and history.
c I’m interested …………… medicine, but I’m aware
…………… how long it takes to train as a doctor.
d I’m tired …………… all this revision but I’m nervous
…………… the exams so I keep studying.
e She is passionate …………… nature and works in a huge park
where she’s responsible …………… all the wildlife.
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Use of English
Practice
2 Circle the correct option.
a James is really worried for / about the exam.
b Oh, thank you! That was so kind of / for you.
c Please try to be kind to / at your sister, Harry.
d I’m not very good in / at skiing, but I do my best.
e Are you interested of / in wildlife?
E
Challenge
3 Match the responses (1–5) to what each speaker says (a–e) and complete them
with an adjective + preposition.
a
e
I’m not swimming here.
Jon’s learning Dutch.

PL
This is the best day of my life!
Can you help me move this box?
My sister has just got a place at

medical school.
1
5
Are you …………… sharks?
Is it …………… books?
You must all be really …………… her.
It sounds like you’re very

happy about your exam results.
……………………
I’ve heard that it’s quite ……………

M
German.
4 Rewrite the sentences using the adjectives in brackets.

Make any other changes that are necessary.
a She likes puzzles of any kind. (keen)
SA
is ken on
She ………………………… puzzles of any kind.
b Frances and her mother are very alike. (similar)
Frances ………………………… her mother.
c It’s my job to cook when we go on camping trips. (responsible)
I ………………………… when we go on camping trips.
d They love theatre and dance. (passionate)
They ………………………… theatre and dance.
e Do you know about these courses for young scientists? (aware)
Are ………………………… these courses for young scientists?
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7 Success
Adjective + infinitive
Use of English
Some adjectives can be followed by the infinitive with to.
I was very pleased to hear about your It’s difficult to read in a car.
success.
We were very sorry to hear you were ill.
You were clever to come up with that
It’s impossible to understand my
E
brilliant idea.
baby sister.
Were you too embarrassed to ask for help?
She is impossible to understand.
Check!
1
This letter is easy to answer.
Focus
PL
Underline the adjectives and circle the infinitives.
It’s best to go there in the summer.
It’s hard to choose.
Put the words in the correct order.

Get it right!
M
Remember that
a be / truth / to / the / afraid / Don’t / tell / . adjectives that
Don’t be afraid to tell the truth. are followed by
………….………….………….………….………….……………
an infinitive also
b to / everyone / out / ready / go/ Is / ? need to. Do not
leave out to.
SA
………….………….………….………….………….……………
That book was
c say / sorry / It / always / to / isn’t / easy / . easy to read. ✓
………….………….………….………….………….……………
d difficult / Was / to / off / it / dive / board / that / ?
………….………….………….………….………….……………
e to / about/ say / It’s / that / horrible / friend / a / .
………….………….………….………….………….……………
f your / accident / upset / was / to / about / I / hear / .
………….………….………….………….………….……………
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Use of English
2 Make sentences using the infinitive of the verbs in the box.

You will need to add the correct verb to the sentence.
answer climb see find fix spell
a The word ‘unnecessary’ / difficult. The word ‘unnecesary’ is difficult to spell.

………………………………………………………
b That huge wall / impossible. ………………………………………………………
c Good but inexpensive clothes / hard ………………………………………………………
d Some of the questions / difficult ………………………………………………………
E
e The blossom on the trees in
spring / wonderful ………………………………………………………
f This broken toy / easy ………………………………………………………
Practice
3
a
c
PL
Correct the mistakes in the sentences below. Some don’t need to be corrected.
I was so pleased to hearing from her after all this time.
I was so pleased to hear from her after all this time.
…………………………………………………………………………………
It’s impossible finding anything in my messy cupboard!
…………………………………………………………………………………
You’re very clever to work that out!
M
…………………………………………………………………………………
d It’s useful to knowing how to say hello in a few languages.
…………………………………………………………………………………
e Her accent is hard understanding.
SA
…………………………………………………………………………………
Challenge
4 Complete the sentences with your own ideas.
a to do some exercise every day
It’s really important ……………………………………… .
b Are you ready to ………………………………………… ?
c It’s impossible to ………………………………………… .
d It can be difficult to ………………………………………… .
e I’m always pleased to ………………………………………… .
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7 Success
7.4 What are you like?

1 Choose the adjective from the box that best describes each speaker.
adventurous logical patient organised sociable
a ‘I always make a list of the things I need on a trip and then I cross them off
organised
the list as I pack them.’ ……………………
b ‘I cycled from London to Beijing on my own last year.’ …………………………………..
E
c ‘I help my little brother with his homework. It takes time but I don’t mind.’ ……………
d ‘I’ve got lots of friends but I love going to parties and meeting new people.’ ……………
e ‘I enjoy doing maths problems and playing chess.’ ……………………………………..…
2
decisive
independent
New Message
PL
Complete the email with the correct words.
determined
optimistic
easy-going
organised
friendly
serious
M
Hi Biyu,
friendly 1, inviting me to
I’ve started my new job and everybody has been very ………………
join them for coffee and lunch. Yesterday, I had a computer problem and had to ask
for help, which I don’t like doing. I prefer to do everything myself. You know how
SA
………………2 I am.
Anita, my boss, is great. She is a very ………………3 person, always seeing the positive side
of people and situations. At the same time, she is very ………………4 about her work and
is ………………5 to make the company succeed. Sanjit is another person on my team. He
works hard but is always relaxed and calm. I wish I could be as ………………6 as him. You
won’t believe how long I spent yesterday trying to choose what to have for lunch. I am
certainly not a ………………7 person! But at least I am becoming very well ………………8. I
get to work on time every day and never lose my phone or bus pass.
Send
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7.5 Citizenship
7.5 Making history

affect ambitious encouraging to influence look up to

opportunities passionate qualities role models teenagers
As they get ready to leave school and find their position in the world,
look up to
teenagers naturally …………………… 1
their role models. Good role models
E
……………………2 teenagers positively, by inspiring them to be ……………………3
and take ……………………4, and by ……………………5 them to look for solutions
to problems. Young people’s ……………………6 can be teachers, people in
PL
government, religious leaders, members of their own family, sports stars, or simply
other ……………………7 or adults whom they meet in everyday life. A role model
certainly doesn’t have to be rich and famous in order ……………………8 young
people. Most teenagers say that one of the most important ……………………9 of a
role model is that he or she is ……………………10 about their studies or work and
can inspire others to be just as passionate.
M
2 Complete the sentences with these phrases.
Write a–f in the correct box.
a or in trying to help the poor
b difficulties before achieving success
SA
c live according to their beliefs and opinions

d they can’t expect any great achievements
e without worrying about differences
f involved in important issues
Teenagers also think that a good role model tries to [ c ]1. They are often [ ]2 such as
the environment, health and education, [ ]3. She or he accepts other people as they
are [ ]4 in status, education, religion or personality. Finally, teenagers admire people
who have overcome [ ]5 because of their courage and determination. Teenagers
recognise that even if they are very lucky in life, without these qualities [ ]6.
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7 Success
7.6 Personality quiz

Cloze tests part 2
These tips may help.

• Before writing anything, read the whole text a few times until you understand it.
• Then fill only the gaps that you’re sure about.
• When you aren’t sure what a missing word is, think about what kind of word it is;
E
for example, is it a noun, verb, modal, auxiliary, adjective, etc.?
• Now try to fill those gaps you weren’t sure about.
• Read the text when you’ve finished, and see if it sounds right.
Maya: Do ……………

PL
Some words are missing from the dialogue between two friends doing a personality test.
Write one word in each gap. There are two or more possibilities for some items.
you 1 get nervous about trying something new?
Amir: ……………2 really, no. I like trying new ……………3. It’s exciting to do something you
Maya:
……………4 never tried before, like camping ……………5 the forest with friends.
Yes, that could ……………6 fun. Anyway, when you ……………7 to do something,
M
do you always ……………8 it?
Amir: Yes, I do. It’s important ……………9 keep your promises.
Maya: But what if ……………10 happens and you can’t do ……………11?

SA
Amir: You just tell the person you can’t and you ……………12 the reason.
Maya: That’s a good answer. ……………13 people ever ask you to help ……………14 when
they have a problem?
Amir: I don’t know ……………15 to answer that. It’s never really ……………16.
Maya: OK, I’ll put ‘don’t know’. Do you mind taking decisions quickly ……………17
do you like ……………18 take your time?
Amir: I can take decisions quickly. ……………19 on, let’s get on with this quiz!
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Use of English
Verb + -ing
Use of English
After some verbs, we use the -ing form.
My job involves travelling a lot.
My sister always avoids helping at home.
I suggest staying in and watching a film.
E
Check!
Circle the correct form and cross out the
incorrect one.
My mum really dislikes being / to be1 late for anything.
1
PL
We always spend time to talk / talking2 on the phone.
Can you imagine going / to go3 into space?
Focus
Put the words in the correct order.
a Everyone enjoys preparing for a party.
enjoys / party / for / Everyone / a / preparing / ………………………………………………
M
b mind / Souad / swimming / water / in / cold / doesn’t / ……………………………………...
c early / hated / always / getting / has / Alex / up / …………………………………………….
d making / I’m / in / involved / play / costumes / the / for / ……………………………………
e can’t help / a / time / I / this / thinking / is / of / waste / ……………………………………..
SA
2 Complete the sentences with the correct verb in the -ing form.
drive drink go have miss try
a drinking coffee.
My father has given up ……………
b Let’s avoid ………………… and go by bike instead.
c Hurry up! We don’t want to risk ………………… our train.
d We don’t feel like ………………… to the beach.
e Come on, team, we need to keep on ………………… hard!
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Practice
a My cousin never fancies to go / going to the beach with me.
b We spent a lot of time to shop / shopping today.
c You need to book / booking a table before you go.
d They suggested for going / going on holiday together.
e Fiona enjoys cooking / to cook with her friends.
E
Challenge
4 Complete the sentences about you and your friends using the -ing form.
a going to the cinema this evening
I really fancy ..............................................................................................................................
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
PL
I spend a lot of time ..................................................................................................................
I can’t stand ...............................................................................................................................
I don’t mind ...............................................................................................................................
I often feel like ...........................................................................................................................
I try to avoid ..............................................................................................................................
I can’t imagine ...........................................................................................................................
Someone I know has given up ..................................................................................................
M
i My friends enjoy .......................................................................................................................
j My best friend really dislikes ....................................................................................................
5 Complete the second sentence so it means the same as the first sentence.
Use the words in brackets.
SA
a A good chef makes a new dish several times before serving it. (practise)
practises making a new dish before serving it.
A good chef ...............................................................................................................................
b If you’re a firefighter, you have to take risks. (can’t avoid)
If you’re a firefighter, you .........................................................................................................
c My grandfather is 92 and he has only just stopped driving. (give up)
My grandfather is 92 and he ....................................................................................................
d Being a good doctor means that you have to listen to people. (involves)
Being a good doctor ..................................................................................................................
e If you want to work in marketing, it’s a good idea to do a business course. (should consider)
If you want to work in marketing, ...........................................................................................
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Use of English
Verb + infinitive, verb + object + infinitive

Use of English
After some verbs, we use the infinitive with to.
Please promise to visit us soon.
Have you forgotten to bring a torch?
After some verbs, we can put an object between the verb and the infinitive.
E
She has always encouraged me to aim high.
Everyone advised us not to camp near the lake.
After these verbs we can use the infinitive with to or the -ing form:
like, love, prefer, hate, begin, start, continue. The meaning is the same.
PL
He started feeling better an hour ago.
He started to feel better an hour ago.
Check!
Underline the infinitives and circle the -ing forms.
Put a box around the object if there is one.
1
2
My parents don’t allow me to stay up very late.
Why do you hate reading aloud?
M
3 I hope to get there early next week.
4 She inspired everyone to try harder.
Focus
SA
1 Complete the sentences with the correct verb in the infinitive.

be get earn help
meet
study train
a to study
Kim’s planning ………………… medicine.
b He hopes ………………… a place at medical school when he leaves school.
c Vicki has decided ………………… as a lawyer.
d We are all aiming ………………… lots of money one day!
e But first we have to learn ………………… really independent and strong.
f We all plan ………………… up regularly after we’ve left school.
g We won’t forget to ………………… and encourage each other.
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7 Success
Practice
2 Correct the mistakes in the sentences. Some don’t need to be corrected.
Get it right!
a My brother advised me taking a torch on the trip.
Remember that
My brother advised me to take a torch on the trip.
…………………………………………………………………….. after would
b I’ve already started thinking about different careers. like we use the
infinitive.
……………………………………………………………………..
We’d like going
c My mum expects me phone if I’m going to be late. to the pool. ✗
E
…………………………………………………………………….. We’d like to go to
the pool. ✓
d We aren’t allowed watching violent films in my family.
……………………………………………………………………..
e
g
PL
I hate to be in a rush so I always leave early.
……………………………………………………………………..
I’d like going for a bike ride on Sunday if it’s nice weather.
……………………………………………………………………..
Jay loves cooking over a campfire.
……………………………………………………………………..
M
Challenge
3 Complete the sentences about yourself, your family and your friends.
Use an infinitive in every sentence.
SA
a My parents don’t allow ………………………………………………………………………. .
b I am expected …………………………………………………………………………………. .
c Our teacher wants …………………………………………………………………………..... .
d ………… always encouraged me ……………………………………………………………. .
e Why didn’t you ask …………………………………………………………………………… .
f ………… advised ……………………………………………………………………………... .
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7.7 Write about it

1 Match the interview questions a–e to the answers 1–5.
a [ 3 ] How would you describe yourself ? d [ ] Have you got an ambition for the
b [ ] Which subjects are you best at? future?
c [ ] Are you in any school teams or e [ ] What do you particularly like

clubs? about this school?
E
1 Well I’m really happy to be in a class
of friendly students. And I also really 2 Yes. I’d really like to go to
appreciate having a fantastic science university and train to be a vet.
lab and big playing fields.
PL
3 I’d say I’m friendly but a bit shy. I’m
not very adventurous but I’m calm,
hard-working and independent.
4 My favourite subject is science and
I enjoy solving maths problems.
M
5 I’ve been lucky enough to be chosen for the athletics team. Besides
that, a friend suggested joining the drama club. And now I’m spending
a lot of time rehearsing for a show at the end of term.
SA
Challenge
2 Imagine you interviewed a new student at your school for the school magazine.
In your notebook, write a profile about them of about 150 words. Decide the best
order for the interview answers in Exercise 1. Use them as a model, adding your
own ideas to write the profile. Start like this:
………… (name of student) joined ………… (name of school) in …………

(month) this year. She / He is really enjoying being in Year / Class ………….
………… (name of student), who describes herself / himself as …………,

…………, ………… and ………… says that ………… and ………… are his / her
favourite subjects.
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7 Success
7.8 Autobiography
bicycle cloth engine propellers

sandy strange windy
The 17 December 1903 was a ……………………… windy 1
day at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina in the United
E
States. Five people were standing on the
………………………2 beach watching two brothers
fly their ………………………3 machine. The brothers
2
PL
were Wilbur and Orville Wright, ………………………4
makers from Dayton, Ohio. But the machine they’d
built this time was a plane, made of wood and
………………………5. Their plane, Flyer, had two ………………………6
turned by a petrol ………………………7, which they’d also built.
Put the sentences in the correct order. Number them 1 to 7.

M
a [ ] As the wind grew stronger, the plane climbed into the air.
b [ 7 ] It was an important day in the history of flight.
c [ 1 ] Orville turned on the engine and lay on his stomach on the lower wing.
d [ ] That day the two brothers made a total of four flights.
SA
e [ ] Their longest one was 59 seconds, and in that time Flyer flew 262 metres.
f [ ] The plane moved along a wooden path on the beach and Wilbur ran
beside it.
g [ ] Twelve seconds later, it came down. Orville had flown Flyer 37 metres.
Challenge
3 Imagine you were one of the people watching the flights. Later you told a friend about
what you saw. Write the conversation. Use the information in Exercises 1 and 2 and
your own ideas. Write 200 words in your notebook. Start like this:
Me: You’re not going to believe it but I just saw somebody fly.
Friend: What do you mean?
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8 In the news
8.1 A school magazine
1 Match the headlines a–g to the newspaper sections 1–7 where they appear.
a Find the capital cities in this week’s Word Search!
b Sail into the sunset on Turkey’s beautiful coastline
c ‘I got hit by lightning twice in one day’
E
d Stop the plastic! Clean the beach with Sea Scouts this weekend
e President flies to Spain for talks
f Goalkeeper scores from inside his own box
2
g
1
2
3
4
[
[
[
] Events
] Features
] News in brief
[ a ] Puzzle time
Circle the correct word.

PL
Calm down! A doctor’s tips for sleeping better
5
6
7
[
[
[
]
]
Sports
Stories
] Travel section
M
Our writer / editor / journalist 1 chooses what to have in a particular
destination / print / issue 2 of our magazine. She also decides which
journalist / teacher / interviewer 3 should write what. For example, if the
editor thinks someone can produce a good news job / event / report 4, she
SA
doesn’t get them to sit at a desk creating crosswords for the events / sports /
puzzle 5 page – she will give them the job of reporting good news stories /
events / plans 6. Last week I wrote a fun interview / crossword / questionnaire 7
of 20 questions about fashion. Next month I’ve got it in mind to interview /
report / print 8 teenagers and write an article / event / issue 9 about role models
for our features section / book / news 10. Our magazine is available in paper /
print / sound 11 or online. You should have a look at it.
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8 In the news
8.2 What’s in the news?

1 Match the categories to the examples a–f.
powerful people public places foreign news

comment daily events economic news
a daily events
births, marriages, deaths ……………….………
b “Price of gold goes up again”, “New tax on petrol” ……………….………
E
c judges, politicians, newspaper owners ……………….………
d “Forest fires in California”, “Cars banned in Italian cities” ……………….………
e courts, parks, markets ……………….………
2
f
word from the box.
a
differences
GERINOF SWEN
weekly
PL
“Mobiles are a waste of time”, “This town needs more parks” ……………….………
Order the letters to make words. Then match them to an opposite or contrasted
local printed
Word
foreign news
……………….………
online home news
Opposite or contrasted word

home news
……………….………
M
b YLIAD ……………….……… ……………….………
c TRINP ORSINEV ……………….……… ……………….………
d ONITALAN ……………….……… ……………….………
e MISTERIALISI ……………….……… ……………….………
SA
f RANDITHWENT ……………….……… ……………….………
3 Circle the correct words.

a Did you read the printing / report about the volcano in Iceland?
b A lot of articles are printed / published online nowadays.
c Before newspapers / copies existed, news was spread by handwritten / word of mouth.
d There was also some political / foreign news about a forest fire in France.
e This magazine is issued / censored every Monday. It’s my favourite daily / weekly magazine.
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8.3 Talk about it
8.3 Can it be true?

1 Complete the article with the correct words.
bite called left looked moving picked put

opened running rushed saw shut went
BRAVE BABY CATCHES SNAKE
E
left
Wendy White ……………… 1
her two-year-old playing happily in the garden in Dunedin,
Florida, while she ………………2 inside to make herself a coffee. She ………………3 out of
the kitchen window and ………………4 a snake ………………5 across the grass towards
PL
little Alana. As Mrs White ………………6 outside, the child ………………7 up the snake.
‘As I was ………………8 towards her,’ said Mrs White, ‘Alana ………………9 her toy box,
………………10 the snake in it and calmly ………………11 the box again. I was really scared
but the snake didn’t ………………12 her and she’s fine. I put a stone on top of the box and
………………13 Wildlife Removal!’
M
Headlines have to be short and easy to read. In headlines we often see:
1 articles and the word of being left out
2 the infinitive being used instead of the future tense
3 strings of nouns without a verb or infinitive
4 the simple present being used instead of the present perfect
SA
5 past participles being used instead of a relative clause

6 jokes, alliteration and plays on words.
2 Which of items 1–6 are being used in the headlines below?

a 1, 4
BRAVE BABY CATCHES SNAKE ……………….
b GIRL 10 CATCHES THIEF ……………….
c BOY 12 TO STUDY MATHS AT TOP UNIVERSITY ……………….
d TROUBLING TIMES FOR TEACHERS ……………….
e STOLEN STATUE FOUND BY LAKE ……………….
f GOVERNMENT’S TRAFFIC HEADACHE ……………….
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8 In the news
Present perfect to talk about events in the

recent past
Use of English
For something that has happened very recently, we use just with the present perfect.
Oh no! We’ve just missed the bus.
Alice has just won a poetry prize.
E
Have you just woken up?
Check!
Complete with just + present perfect.
1
………………2 lost her boat race.
I’m not hungry – I ………………3
………………4 had lunch.
Focus
PL
She’s really upset – she ………………1
Put the words in the correct order and write the sentences.
M
a email / I’ve / Sandra / received / an / from / just / .
I've just received an email from Sandra.
………………………………………………………........………………………........…........
b just / sister / has / My / test / her / passed / driving / .
………………………………………………………........………………………........…........
c lights / have / out / the / Why / gone / just / ?
SA
………………………………………………………........………………………........…........
d back / you / holidays / Have / just / from / your / got / ?
………………………………………………………........………………………........…........
e told / about Craig / Somebody / news / has / me / just / the / .
………………………………………………………........………………………........…........
Get it right!
Remember the position of just with the present perfect.
We just have finished lunch. ✗
We have just finished lunch. ✓
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Use of English
Practice
2 Find the errors in the sentences. Write them correctly.
a I just have received your email.
I have just received your email.
………………………………………………………......................................
b They have just open a new store.
………………………………………………………......................................
c I was just returned from my trip to China.
………………………………………………………......................................
E
d We just have chosen a new computer.
………………………………………………………......................................
e I just been collected Helena from the airport.
decide deliver
The printers ……………………

PL
………………………………………………………......................................
Complete the text with the correct verb in the present perfect with just.
go order print tell
have just printed 1 the summer issue of the magazine and we

……………………2 around 500 copies of it to local shops. After working hard to get the
M
magazine out on time, the whole team apart from the receptionist ……………………3 for
lunch at a restaurant opposite the office. The restaurant manager ……………………4 them all
that their meal will not be ready for an hour. Some people ……………………5 some snacks
to have while they wait. Meanwhile, the receptionist …………………… 6 not to answer the
SA
phone since everyone is out.
Challenge
4 Complete the sentences using just + the present perfect.
Write about yourself, your family or your friends.
a I’m not hungry because ……………………………….……………………………………. .
b I’m really happy because I ……………………………….…………………………………. .
c ………………… has just ……………………………….………………………………….... .
………………………………………………………………………………………………… .
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8 In the news
Connectives: because, so that, as,

therefore, however, although
Use of English
We use connectives to link parts of a sentence.
Take a notebook so that you can make notes as you listen.
I didn’t read that article because it was too long.
E
I thought the article on climate was interesting although I didn’t agree with everything.
As we wanted to include a lot of photos, we didn’t write very much.
The connective however must be used to link two separate sentences. The connective therefore
PL
can also be used in this way. They can go in various positions.
The article contained a lot of interesting facts. However, it didn’t have any nice photos.
The article contained a lot of interesting facts. It didn’t, however, have any nice photos.
The article was very long. The editor, therefore, decided to cut it by half.
Check!
Choose the correct words to complete the rules.
M
1 We (use / don’t use) so that, although, because, as to join different parts
of the same sentence.
2 We can / can’t use however and therefore to join two different sentences.
Complete with the connective in alternative positions.
3 The article was very long. ……………… the editor decided to cut it.
SA
4 The article was very long. The editor, ………………, decided not to cut it.
Focus
1 Complete the sentences with a connective from the box.
Use each connective at least twice.
although because so that as
a although
He doesn’t write poetry ……………………… he loves songwriting.
b ……………………… I was feeling unwell, I stopped writing and lay down.
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Use of English
c He rewrote the exercise neatly ……………………… the first copy was messy.
d I love doing puzzles in magazines ……………………… I never win any prizes.
e I invited all my friends ……………………… nobody would feel left out.
f I like writing ……………………… I’m not very good at spelling.
g I couldn’t read the invitation ……………………… it was handwritten in tiny writing.
h ……………………… the magazine has a lot of adverts, we can sell it a low price.
i Please tell us your views ……………………… we can improve the magazine.
E
Practice
2 Choose the correct sentence 1–5 that follows a–e and complete it with therefore or however.
a I want to get a lot of information 1 ……………… it only gives one side
c
d
e
from her.
newspapers.
The editor is leaving. PL
Not many people buy printed
This article is interesting.

There’s too much empty space on
this page.
2
4
of the argument.
People do ……………… read
newspapers online.
We ……………… need to find
someone else to edit the magazine.
……………… we need to make the
photos bigger.
M
5 therefore going to spend a
I’m ………………
long time interviewing her.
Challenge
3 Complete the sentences with your own ideas.
SA
a Although she was very busy, ……………………………………………….……………….. .
b I couldn’t do my homework because ……………………………………………….………. .
c We had a big breakfast so that ……………………………………………….……………… .
d As there wasn’t much time ……………….……………….……………….……...…………. .
e We planned everything very carefully. However, …………………………………………… .
f There was no public transport. We therefore ………………………………………………. .
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8 In the news
8.4 A human interest story

1 Write the missing vowels in the social media expressions.
a s e nd a v i d e o l i nk f cc pt fr nd r q st
b cl ck n l nk g b c m fr nds n s c l
c g gl s m n m d
d c nt ct s m ne v s c l h h v v d c nv rs t n
m d i typ s m th ng nto y r
ph ne
E
e s nd fr nd r q st
2 Choose the correct words.
For some time I’ve wanted to be able to stand on my
PL
head. Yesterday a friend sent me a video request /
link 1. I clicked / typed 2 on the link and watched the
video. It gave some really good tips. After a few days
of practice, I can now stand on my head!
The internet is useful in so many ways. If you want to
find out about something, you just type / link 3 a few
words into your phone and send / google 4 it. You click / accept 5 on it, and you’ve got the
information. I’ve shown my gran how to use the internet to contact / send 6 friends about /
M
via 7 social media. She sent a friend request / question 8 to my cousin Meilin in Australia,
whom we hardly ever see. Meilin accepted / responded 9 the request and as soon as they were
friends by / on 10 social media, they started to make regular video phones / calls 11. That day,
my gran said to me, ‘The internet is a magical thing!’ I couldn’t stop laughing.
SA
3 What do you and your friend have in common? Write full answers.
Write some sentences which start Both of us / Neither of us.
a We both were born in / I was born in ……………………………

Where were you born? …………………………
and my friend was born in ……………….
b What do you like doing in your free time? ……………………………………………….…
c What are you interested in? …………………….……………………………………………
d What do you dislike and avoid? ……………………………………………….………….…
e How much time do you spend on social media? …………………………………………...
f How much do you use the internet? …………………………………………………………
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8.5 Maths
8.5 What are the facts?

1 Write the figures in words. 2 Write the words in figures.
a eighty-thre percent
83% ……………… ………… a 72%
seventy-two percent ………………
1
b ……………………………. b twelve point five percent ………………
2
c 15.5% …………………….… c three quarters ………………
3 Look at the chart showing how 13-year-olds spent their pocket money last year.
Complete the sentences.
E
a spent a quarter of their money
Boys ………………………....…… 50
Girls
on clothes and shoes. 40 Boys
b Girls …………………………
Percentage
30
d
……………… on clothes and
shoes.
Girls …………………………
……………… eating out.
Girls …………………………
PL
on clothes, shoes and eating out.
And they ……………………………… on everything else.
20
10
0
Clothes Eating out Video
and shoes
Cinema, Books
games, music concerts,
and film
and
Other things
(drinks, sweets,
sports magazines hobbies)
downloads events
M
4 Complete the article with words from the box.
ban distracted significant benefit internet policy

study achieve screens enforce get in touch with
SA
A school in London has decided to ……………… ban 1

the use of all ………………2.
Parents have to ………………3 the same strict rules at home with no screens allowed
until children are 14. No student under 16 can use the ………………4 and no student
is allowed to own a mobile. ‘We have had to make ………………5 changes to our
………………6 on computer and internet use at school,’ the headteacher said. ‘A recent
………………7 has shown that spending more money on computers in the classroom
does not ………………8 students or help them to ………………9 better results. In
fact, research has shown that high mobile and screen use is linked to students being
………………10. Students do not need a mobile to ………………11 their parents during
the day. If there is an emergency, the school office will contact them.’
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8 In the news
8.6 A dramatic event

1 Match the words to the definitions.
a avalanche 1 the possibility that something bad might happen
b risk 2 to go in a particular direction
c rope 3 to hit something or someone very hard
d to head 4 to move something down from higher up
e to lower 5 very strong string, twisted together
E
f to knock 6 when a lot of snow slides down a mountain
2 Make collocations using the words from the two columns.

a the rescue 1 injuries a the rescue servics
…………………………………
b
c
d
e
Challenge
a lucky
pitch
a phone
serious
PL 2
3
4
5
signal
escape
services
darkness
b
c
d
e
…………………………………
…………………………………
…………………………………
…………………………………
M
3 Read the text and find five things which the writer has implied.
I stood on the quiet platform waiting for the train to arrive. I couldn’t imagine what
my old friend Adam would look like now. I knew that he now lived in the capital in
a very large flat in one of the most expensive streets in the centre. This was thanks
to the success of his third book, which just this year came out as a film starring
SA
his wife. I knew that he regularly returned to the village where we both grew up
and visited the school playground where we played together until we were 11.
I wondered what he would think of me. I was living alone in a tiny cold house in
the middle of nowhere, selling a few articles a year about sheep and farming to
online magazines.
a The writer …………….…………….…………………..………………………………......... .

b The writer and Adam ……………………………………………………….........…………. .
c Adam’s wife ……………………………………………..………………………………......... .
d Adam is …………….…………….…………………..………………………………............. .
e ………………………………………………………...………..………..………..………....... .
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Use of English
Quantifiers: both (of), either of / neither of,

each other / one another
Use of English
both (of)
We use both to talk about two people or things together.
Both brothers are good at languages.
E
They both play tennis.
They were both in the match.
Do you both like athletics too?
Before the object pronouns us / you / them, we have to use both of:
Both of them are good at drawing.
either of / neither of
PL
We use either when we mean ‘one or the other’.
We use neither when we mean ‘not one and not the other’.
Does either of the brothers like football?
Neither of them likes football.
In negative sentences, we use either and neither.
M
I don’t like either of them. NOT: I don’t like both of them.
Neither of them likes tea. NOT: Both of them don’t like tea.
each other / one another
My friend and I text each other every day.
We also phone one another quite often.
SA
Check!
Complete the rules.
The word both comes before / after 1 subject pronouns we, you, they.
We use both / both of 2 before the object pronouns us, you, them.
We use both with a plural / singular 3 verb.
We use either and neither with a plural / singular 4 verb.
The phrases each other and one another have the same / a different 5
meaning.
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8 In the news
Focus
1 Read what Liza and Vicki say.
Complete the sentences using both, both of, neither of, each other.
Liza
Vicki and I are twins. We were born on 15 February. I go to a girls’ school in Camden.
I’m quite good at maths and science; they’re my favourite subjects, but I like
languages too. My mum is a painter and so is my dad but I’m not good at art.
I’ve got lots of friends at school but I often text Vicki during the day.
E
Vicki
I go to a girls’ school in Barnet. Like Liza, I’m quite good at maths and science and
I enjoy languages. My parents are artists but I’m not artistic. Although Liza and I don’t
go to the same school, we keep in touch by text during the day. We’re quite sporty.
c
PL
both
Liza and Vicki were ……………….
born on 15 February.
………………. them go to girls’
schools.
………………. them are good at maths.
d
e
f
They ………………. like
languages.
………………. them is good at art.
They text ………………. during
the day.
M
Practice
a I like both of them.
‘Which one do you prefer? I like both them.’ ………………………………………..………
b Neither of them like animals. …………………………………………………………………
c We are so tired both! ………………………………………………………………………..…
SA
d We didn’t like neither of them very much. …………………………………...……………....

e People should listen to each others more. …………………………………………………....
f Both of us wants to learn to sail. ………………………………………….………………....
Challenge
3 Think about yourself and a friend or relation. Complete the sentences with your own ideas.
a Both of us ……………………………………………………………………………………. .
b Neither of us …………………………………………………………………………………. .
c We both ………………………………………………………………………………………. .
d We have known each other …………………………………………………………………. .
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Use of English
Past continuous
Use of English
We often use the past continuous in Check!
narrative descriptions. Complete the rules.
It was getting dark and I was starting to
We form the past continuous with
feel cold.
I was wondering where I could go for the night. ……………….1 / were + the present
E
Luckily, it wasn’t snowing. participle.
In the active, we form the present participle
We can also use the past continuous and the
with the verb + ……………….2,
past simple together to show that one action
interrupted another.
PL
I was cycling down the hill when a cat ran in
front of my bike.
We were eating breakfast when a bird flew
through the window.
Focus
1
e.g. cycling, eating, ……………….3.
Complete the dialogue in the past continuous.

M
A: were you doing
What ………………………. 1
(you / do) at six o’clock yesterday?
B: I ……………………….2 (watch) something on TV and I ……………………….3 (do)
my homework at the same time. What about you?
SA
A: I ……………………….4 (try) to call you. I ……………………….5 (hope) you could

help me with my homework!
B: Sorry. My sisters ……………………….6 (talk) to their friends on my mobile for ages.
And then they ……………………….7 (play) games on it. Did you manage to get some
help in the end?
A: Yes. Luckily, my brother ……………………….8 (not play) football that evening so he
helped me with my maths.
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8 In the news

2 Complete the first lines of the stories. Use the past continuous of the
correct verb. Don’t leave
out was(n’t) or
drive fall make play walk were(n’t) when
forming the past
a were walking
We ……………….………….……… home from school continuous:
yesterday when we heard a loud bang. The sun shining
b Dad ……………….………….……… to work when he saw all week. ✗
an old friend from school. The sun was
E
shining all
c They ……………….………….……… tennis when it started week. ✓
to rain.
d She ……………….………….……… breakfast when the
doorbell rang.
3
e
Challenge
remembered her name.
PL
I ……………….………….……… asleep when I suddenly
Match and join the sentence beginnings and endings using when and the past
simple or the past continuous.
a She (stand) at the bus stop 1 they (hear) a scream
M
b How fast (you/go) 2 I (not look).
c They (leave) the beach 3 I (dig) in the garden.
d He (eat) the cake 4 she (travel) around Asia?
e I (find) this ring 5 a parrot (land) on her shoulder.
SA
f (she/visit) Vietnam 6 you (fall) off your bike?
She was standing at the bus stop when a parrot landed on her shoulder.
………………………………………………………........……........……......………………..
………………………………………………………........……........……......………………..
………………………………………………………........……........……......………………..
………………………………………………………........……........……......………………..
………………………………………………………........……........……......………………..
………………………………………………………........……........……......………………..
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8.7 Write about it

1 Read the report and cross out the two irrelevant sentences.
Saved by a dog
A walker is feeling lucky to be alive after a dramatic helicopter rescue. Caitlin Jones,
17, was on her way to Gull Bay to watch sea birds. She was walking down an isolated
path with her dog when she got to a narrow part with rocks on both sides. Gull Bay is
quite hard to get to. As she was climbing over the rocks, her foot got caught in a hole
E
and she fell over. It was surprising since she was wearing good walking shoes. Caitlin
managed to stand up but she couldn’t walk at all because of the pain. To her horror,
Caitlin found that her mobile had no signal. Luckily, however, Caitlin had a pencil and
paper with her and was able to write a message which she attached to the dog’s collar.
Challenge
3
PL
In your notebook, write the rest of the story in about 40 words.
Use the pictures and the reporter’s questions to write a newspaper story about
another accident.
What was the cyclist’s name? Who did the cyclist call?
M
Where was he/she going? What did the paramedics do?
How did the accident happen? What did the parents do?
What happened to the cyclist Did the cyclist have to stay in
(and the bike)? hospital? How long?
1 2 3
SA
4 5 6
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8 In the news
8.8 Autobiography
age along arranged common

even excited fun other
really close suddenly touch
touch
My mother got in ……………....… with an
E
1
old school friend that she had once been

very ……………....…2 to and discovered that her friend had a daughter
my ……………....…3. After not seeing each ……………....…4 for 25 years, they
PL
……………....…5 to meet. And I was asked to come ……………....…6. I didn’t
……………....…7 want to go. What were Mum’s friend Samira and her daughter,
Farida, going to have in ……………....…8 with me? Why should I ……………....…9 go
and meet someone who wasn’t my friend and who didn’t ……………....…10 go to the
same school as me? But Mum was really ……………....…11 and I didn’t like to spoil
her ……………....…12. So I agreed to go.
M
2 Arrange the sentences in the correct order. Number them 1 to 6.
a [ ] When Dad told me about them I asked him to arrange a meeting
as soon as possible.
b [ ] Dad quickly arranged for the two families to meet.
SA
c [ ] He discovered that this cousin – Ken – didn’t live far away and
had a son my age.
d [ ] I spent the whole night imagining conversations with my
new relatives.
e [ ] I was so excited the night before the meeting that I couldn’t sleep.
f [1 ] My dad was contacted through social media by a cousin of his
that he hadn’t seen for 30 years.
Challenge
3 Choose one of the situations above, or imagine one when two people meet for the
first time or after a long time apart. Write the conversation in your notebook.
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9 The digital world

9.1 Keeping in touch
1 Reorder the letters and write the words.
a camera
remaca …………. f -FiWi edoc …………. ………….
b adolonwd …………. g jomie ………….
c cevio cornegitoni …………. …………. h odlupa ………….
E
d chares coni …………. …………. i kiln ………….
e chout DI …………. …………. j staccont stil …………. ………….
Complete the sentences with words from Exercise 1.

2
a
b
c
d
e
f
The ……………..
PL
camera on my new phone is great.
If you click on that …………….., you’ll get to the site.
How can I …………….. this video clip from my phone?
What’s the best …………….. to show I’m feeling ill?
I’m not online. Can you tell me the …………….. …………….. again, please.
I can’t …………….. this app because I’m not on Wi-Fi.
M
g To open the phone, just use …………….. …………….. .
h Call me and then I’ll add you to my …………….. …………….. .
i My gran often uses …………….. …………….. because she doesn’t like typing.
j Why is the …………….. …………….. always a picture of a magnifying glass?
SA
3 Write full answers to these questions.

a Do you use emojis? Which one is your favourite?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
b How many people do you have on your contacts list?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
c How often do you use your phone camera? What for?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
d What sort of things do you download most often from the internet?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………
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9 The digital world
9.2 A restaurant with a difference

1 Complete the text with words and phrases from the box.
charge example facial recognition function humanoid

interact malfunction messages robots voices way
Not all social ………………robots 1

are ………………2. Some of them are based on animals.
Miro, for ………………3, is a robot which looks like a dog, and Paro looks like a baby
E
seal. Their ………………4 is to be companions, a bit like pets, except that they don’t
need to be fed or taken to the vet. But they do need to be fed in one ………………5: you
have to ………………6 their batteries so they can continue to ………………7 with you,
2 Complete the crossword.

1 2
PL
otherwise they might ………………8. Buddy is more humanoid than Paro and Miro, and
has built in vocal and ……………… ………………9 technology. This means Buddy can be
programmed to respond to various people’s faces and ………………10. Buddy can also be
programmed to wake you up, and send ………………11.
3
Across
4 A number that is usual or
M
typical is ……… . (7)
4
8 A small flat computer
controlled by touching a
screen (7, 6)
5
9 Communicate (8)
SA
6
Down
7
1 Stop working correctly (11)
2 Your name, phone number
and email address are your
contact ……… . (7)
8
3 A set of TV shows with the
same characters (6)
9 5 Choose (6)
6 Like a robot (7)
7 Control, take responsibility
for (6)
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9.3 Talk about it
9.3 Time well spent?

1 Complete the dialogue by copying Dalia’s answers from the box in the correct place.
Invent a final response from Ayman.
Ayman: Do you think you’re addicted to your phone?

Dalia: …………………………………………………………………………………………1
Ayman: I mean, do you feel anxious and uncomfortable if you haven’t got it on you?
E
Dalia: …………………………………………………………………………………………2
Ayman: That sounds like you are addicted.
Dalia: …………………………………………………………………………………………3
Ayman: Possibly. I bet you check it every 30 minutes. Right?
Dalia:
Ayman:
Dalia:
Ayman:
PL
…………………………………………………………………………………………4
I’ve given up using mine for a week. I’ve freed up a lot of time for sport
and I feel better for it.
…………………………………………………………………………………………5
…………………………………………………………………………………………
M
Really? I’d like to try. But I don’t know if I could Study tip
manage a whole week.
Word families
Oh dear! Is that serious?
When you see a new word, check
Well, I don’t mind not actually having it on me if it’s related to a word you already
as long as I know it’s somewhere nearby.
SA
know. This will help you work out its

I’m not sure. What do you mean by ‘addicted’? meaning and remember the word.
Yes, I do. And I answer messages as soon as I The word interact, for example, is
get them. How about you? related to the word act.
2 List all the other words you can think of that are related to act.
Write V (verb) N (noun), Adj (adjective) or Adv (adverb) next to them.
act (V), active (Adj)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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9 The digital world
Questions and requests

Use of English
Direct question Reported question
‘Do you speak French?’ We asked her if she spoke French.
‘Are you ready?’ Mum wanted to know if I was ready.
‘Why is he angry?’ She asked why he was angry.
E
‘What does he think?’ I asked what he thought.
• To report questions after a reporting verb (asked, wanted to know) in the past, we
change the present simple to the past simple and use the affirmative form of the
verb. If the direct question uses do/does, we leave it out in the reported question.
•
•
PL
To report Yes/No questions, we use if + the affirmative form of the verb.
To report Wh- questions, we use the Wh- word + affirmative form of the verb.
(NOT: She asked why was he angry.)
Reported requests and commands

When we report a request or command we use ask, tell + an object + the infinitive.
‘Wait for me.’ He asked me to wait for him.
M
Check!
Choose the correct words to complete the rules.
The rules for tense changes are the same / different1 in reported
statements and questions.
SA
We use the imperative / infinitive2 in reported requests and commands.
Focus
1 Make sentences by writing the words in the correct order.
a busy / friend / My / asked / if / me / was / I / .
My friend asked me if I was busy.
b the / our homework / asked / We / was / what / teacher / .
c didn’t / what / was / the / problem / We / know / .
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Use of English
d us / asked / The survey / apps / most / we / which / used / .
e Josie / worked / how / the / wanted to know / e-reader / .
f gran / use / was / mobile / me / My / to / easy / asked / if / my / .
Practice
E
2 Find the errors in the sentences. Write them correctly.
a The teacher asked me if I understand.
The teacher asked me if I understood.
b She asked me what did I think.
Challenge
PL
The teacher asked Adam for opening another window.
The doctor told Azra to stayed in bed.

M
3 These were some of the questions and requests at Maya’s interview for a new school.
Later she told her friends about it. Write what Maya told her friends in reported speech.
a What’s your favourite subject?
They asked me what my favourite subject was.
SA
b How much time do you spend on homework?
c Are you good at maths?
d Write a paragraph about yourself.
e Show us one of your poems.
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9 The digital world
Indefinite and quantifying pronouns

Use of English
When we can’t give exact numbers, we can Several play tennis really well.
use indefinite and quantifying pronouns. Hardly any are in the school football team.
In our class everyone does some kind Not that many are brilliant athletes but all
of sport. enjoy being active.
Nobody plays rugby.
E
Hardly anyone wants to be a sports
Check!
professional. Choose the correct word to complete
the rule.
Half like football best.
We use a singular / plural verb with
Quite a few do sport every day.
Focus
1
a
b
PL
Circle the correct word to complete the sentences.
nobody, everyone, anyone.
Hardly anyone in my family like / likes strong coffee.

Nobody in my class has / have a horse.
M
c A lot of my friends is / are ill at the moment.
d ‘How many people were there?’ ‘Quite several / a few.’
e Several of my relations lives / live in Australia.
f You’ve got a lot of sweets and I’ve got hardly any / few.
SA
Practice
2 Look at the survey results. Complete the sentences with nobody,
very few, not many, quite a few, hardly anybody and a lot.
What time do you go to bed on a school night?

After midnight 1% Between 9 and 10 32%
Between 11 and 12 16% Between 8 and 9 7%
Between 10 and 11 44% Between 7 and 8 0%
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Use of English
a Hardly anybody goes to bed after midnight.

b go to bed between 11 and 12.
c go to bed between 10 and 11.
d go to bed between 9 and 10.
e go to bed between 8 and 9.
f goes to bed before 8.
E
Challenge
3 A survey of 60 children showed how many films they watch in a month.
Write sentences with the following words.
nobody
0 films
1 or 2 films
3 or 4 films
6 films
8 films
1
18
30
9
2
PL
almost everyone
a
b
c
d
e
half several hardly anybody
Almost evryone ses at least one film.

a lot
M
9 or more films 0
f
4 Write sentences that are true for you.

a Everybody in my family ……………………………………………………………………… .
SA
b Nobody in my class ………………………………………………………………………….. .

c A lot of people like …………………………………………………………………………... .
d Hardly anybody I know ……………………………………………………………………… .
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9 The digital world
9.4 Zoom in!

1 Circle the correct words in the instructions for using a mobile.
To use this phone you first need to switch / type 1 it on by holding / pushing 2 down the menu /
on-off button 3 for three seconds. Then touch / enter 4 your passcode. A message / screen 5
will appear with several pictures / icons 6 on it. Touch the one for the menu / application 7
you want to use. So, for a phone call, touch / click on 8 the phone key / icon 9. And for the
internet, touch the internet icon / code 10. Then, in the box at the top of the screen, type /
E
zoom 11 in key words for what you want to find out and touch / enter 12 Go. Zoom / Scroll 13
up and down using your finger or your thumb to find exactly what you want. If you want to
make a picture bigger, you pinch / press 14 the screen with two fingers and open and close
copy the link

search
PL
them to change the size of the picture / icon 15.
Complete the dialogue with the correct words from the box.
drop-down menu
shut down
shut down
internet
website
key words
webpage
screen
M
Ed: Hang on a minute. Don’t …………………… 1
your laptop. I want to research
something on the ……………………2. I found this great ……………………3
yesterday with lots about how to draw horses.
Jo: Here. I’ll do the ……………………4 for you. Tell me which ……………………5
to type in.
SA
Ed: Well start with how to draw horses. That should bring up a list of sites.
Jo: Here’s the list. Do you recognise the one you were on?
Ed: I can’t see a thing. What’s wrong with this ……………………6?
Jo: Nothing. It’s just a bit dark. I’ll brighten it. Better now?
Ed: Great, thanks! OK I’m on it – learn2drawanimals. But where’s the actual
……………………7 that I was looking at yesterday?
Jo: Look there’s a ……………………8 offering all the different animals.
Ed: Brilliant. Here’s the horses page I wanted.
Jo: Now ……………………9 and email it to yourself so you can find it again.
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9.5 Science and technology
9.5 Farming for the future

1 Circle the correct word.
a The weather / temperature / heat today is about 25 degrees Celsius.
b Meat and fish are good sources of protein / food / health.
c A precision / robot / laser is a very powerful light that can be used for cutting.
d The urban / environmental / traditional population is the number of people
living in cities.
E
e A seed / weed / corn is a plant that isn’t useful to farmers.
f Because of global warming / heating / product, sea levels / roundabouts /
populations are rising.
2
alternative food
PL
Complete the text with words from the boxes.
population temperature traditional
There are over seven billion people in the world and there will probably be
nine billion of us by 2050. Providing ……………………food 1
for our growing
…………………… is a problem. Some scientists say that farming is making
2
underground
M
the soil lose its nutrients. And in many places there isn’t enough water for
……………………3 farming so people are looking at ……………………4 methods.
Growing food ……………………5 is one possibility. Its main advantage is that
there is no problem with the seasons, the weather or the ……………………6.
SA
low weeds recycled crops
In this way, summer ……………………7 can be grown all year round. But as there
is no natural light underground, farmers have to use ……………………8 energy
electric light or fibre optic technology. Both of these are inexpensive. Farmers
use hydroponics to grow their underground crops. What is hydroponics? It means
growing crops, not in soil but in a liquid which contains the correct nutrients to
feed the plants. It is constantly ……………………9 so no water is wasted. And as
the plants are grown in liquid not soil, there are fewer ……………………10 and it is
easier to control them.
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9 The digital world
9.6 Doing without digital

1 Every seventh word in the magazine article is missing. Write a suitable word in each gap.
Some of the missing words may be simple words like a or at.
Contractions, such as couldn’t (= could not) count as one word.
There can be several possibilities for some of the gaps.
Idris’s challenge was to spend a week That evening I ………………15 the usual
E
without using his mobile or his laptop amount of time doing ………………16
‘It started on Tuesday. I thought homework straight after school but instead
………………1 first that it would be easy ………………17 checking my news feeds
………………2 I was wrong. As soon as and going ………………18 Snapchat, I
PL
………………3 turned off our devices, it
felt ………………4. The first day was OK
because ………………5 was at school. But
that evening, ………………6 I’d done my
homework, I felt ………………7 bit lost. I
missed being in ………………8 with my
friends. I didn’t know ………………9 to do.
watched a really good ………………19
on TV. With no messages coming
………………20, I was able to give it
………………21 my attention.
On Thursday I played ………………22
straight after school. And when I
………………23 home I felt quite relaxed.
M
The next day at ………………10, I heard I ………………24 started a book which I’d
a few people talking ………………11 ………………25 to read for ages. I didn’t
a video they’d seen on YouTube. ………………26 think about using my
………………12 were laughing and joking phone.’
SA
but I ………………13 take part in the

conversation because ………………14
hadn’t seen it.
2 How would you feel if you did Idris’s challenge?

In your notebook, write the answers to these questions.
a What would you miss?
b What would you dislike about it?
c What would you like about it?
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Use of English
Multi-word verbs
Use of English
Multi-word verbs are verbs that are followed by a preposition/adverbial
particle, for example click on, type in.
Click on the icon. Type in keywords.
Focus
E
1 Put the letters in the correct order to make multi-word verbs.
a thwisc fof switch off
……………………… e huts nowd ………………………
b gol ni ……………………… f lodh ownd ………………………
c
d
Practice
2
a
b
kilcc no
mozo ni
switch
hold
………………………
………………………
PL
Match the verbs with their adverbial particle.
1
2
up
on
g
h
ypet ni ………………………
rolcsl nowd ………………………
M
c click 3 off
d zoom 4 down
e scroll 5 in
SA

a Switch out / off your computer when you’ve finished.
b Scroll in / down to find the information you need.
c Hold out / down the Shift key to type a capital letter.
d Zoom in / up to see the details more clearly.
e Click on / off the icon for the application you want.
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Challenge
4 Complete the sentences with a multi-word verb in its correct form.
Get it right!
a If you don’t want to waste electricity, you should
Remember that
switch off
……………………… your computer. there can be
b I couldn’t see the picture very clearly so more than one
preposition/
I ……………………… on it. adverbial particle.
E
c If you want to check your email on my computer, Why can’t I log in to
this site?
I’ll ……………………… of my account and then you
can ……………………… in if you know your password.
d
e
PL
I ……………………… the Wi-Fi password but I still can’t
connect to the internet.
I can’t ……………………… my favourite games website
because my mum has blocked it, I think!
If clauses
M
Use of English
We use the zero conditional to talk about a We can also use unless in conditional
result that always happens. It’s a fact. sentences. It means if … not.
If you leave ice cream in the sun, it melts. You won’t do well in the test unless you go
to bed now.
SA
Plants die if they don’t get water and

nutrients. This means the same as: You won’t do well
Plants die unless they get water and in the test if you don’t go to bed now.
nutrients.
Check!
We use the first conditional to talk about a Choose the correct words to complete
result that we think will or might happen in the rules.
the future.
In zero conditionals, we use the present /
If it rains, we’ll stay at home. future1 in both clauses.
But we might get bored if we stay at home In first conditionals, we use the present /
all day. future2 in the if or unless clause. We use
We won’t be late if we get a taxi. the present / future3 in the other clause.
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Use of English
Focus
1 Match the sentence parts.
a If you don’t stop eating sweets, 1 I’ll look at her website.
b If you hold the torch, 2 the computer understands what you’re saying.
c If you don’t charge them, 3 the robots don’t work.
d If she sends me a link, 4 we’ll miss our bus.
e If you speak clearly, 5 you’ll get stomach ache.
E
f Unless we leave now, 6 I’ll look for the key.
2 Make sentences by writing the words in the correct order.

a him / we’ll leave / without / Unless / soon, / he arrives / .
c
PL
Unles he arrives soon, we ' ll leave without him.
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
rains / If / it / they’ll / have / on Thursday, / on Friday / the picnic / .
…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
your / cycle / strong / If / get / a lot, / legs / you / .
…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
M
d speak to / I / secret / anybody / you again / if you / tell / won’t / my / .
…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
e new / get / crashes / I’ll / If / laptop / a / again, / it / .

…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
SA
Practice
3 Complete the sentences with If or Unless.
a If
……………… I’m tired, I can’t study very well.
b ……………… my dad drinks a lot of coffee, he can’t sleep.
c ……………… we leave immediately, we won’t catch our bus.
d ……………… you come to my house, I’ll help you do your project.
e ……………… it pours with rain, I’ll wait outside the museum.
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9 The digital world
4 Some of the sentences are incorrect. Correct them.

a If you will visit me, I will show you round my town.
If you visit me, I will show you round my town.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
b If the phone rings when she’s driving, my mum never answers.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
c If I stay out late again, my parents get angry.
E
…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
d Unless she starts to work harder, she fails the exam.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
5
e
Challenge
a
PL
If you will look over there, you’ll see a lake in the distance.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Write sentences using the verbs in brackets.

will love Scream if he ………………
He ……………… likes scary films. (love / like)
M
b If it ………………, we ……………… our PE class in the gym. (rain / have)
c If I ……………… better tomorrow, I ……………… in bed. (not be / stay)
d There ……………… time for a swim unless we ……………… now. (not be / go)
SA
e What ……………… if we ……………… lost? (we do / get)
6 Write three more sentences using if clauses about what you will do at the weekend
depending on the weather.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
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9.7 Write about it

1 Read the text and choose the correct words.
Can you imagine a country / world 1 without the internet? Would life be better or worse without it?
The internet can give us information / study 2 on any subject we want to know about and it doesn’t
take long to get information at all types / levels 3. It can be for teachers or it can be in simple
language / languages 4 for younger people. The internet also provides new things / news 5 as soon
as something happens. We don’t need to wait for TV ideas / reports 6.
E
The internet has made communication / presentation 7 much quicker, easier and cheaper. Before
the internet, we sent letters by posting / post 8. Letters took days or even weeks to arrive. Now we
are able to email and make free / unpaid 9 calls to people all over the world. And the internet also
allows / shows 10 us to share our news on social media.
3
PL
In your notebook, write a fourth paragraph about the ways we can use the internet for
entertainment. Talk about films, music, games and videos. Start like this:
The internet is also vry usful for entertainment. We can …
Add examples to the points below.
So what are the disadvantages of the internet?

M
There are criminals who use the internet for bad purposes. For example, ……………………..…
…………………………………………………………………………………………………..……
Therefore you need to know how to stay safe online. There’s a lot of incorrect information
online. For example, ……………………………………………………………………………..……
SA
So you need to know how to choose information from good sites. You can get addicted to the
internet and spend too much time online. For example, ………………………………………...…
…………………………………………………………………………………………………..……
So you need to keep a balance between online activity and the real world.
Challenge
4 In your notebook, write points for a presentation with the title The advantages and disadvantages
of the internet. There should be:
• an introduction • three points about the advantages • three points about the disadvantages.
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9 The digital world
9.8 Non-fiction
1 Complete the description with the words in the box.
eyes friends glass worth gold home
lend necklace nobody possession think visited
posesion 1 is a necklace which belonged to my grandmother. It’s made

My most valuable ………....…
of blue ………....…2 beads decorated with ………....…3 patterns. My grandmother got it
E
in Venice when she went there with my grandfather. She used to wear it when she went out
with her ………....…4. It went well with her blue ………....…5. I’ve always loved its colour.
When I was a child I always asked to put it on when I ………....…6 her, and she sometimes let
2
PL
me wear it. But she never let me take it ………....…7. She said my grandfather bought it for
her and she couldn’t ………....…8 it to anyone. When my grandmother died at the age of 98,
my mum gave me the ………....…9. She said that ………....…10 loved that necklace as much
as my gran and me. I wear it with a blue top and I always ………....…11 of Gran when I put it
on. The necklace isn’t ………....…12 a lot of money but it’s very valuable to me.
Write a plan for a paragraph for a description of an object that is important to you.
It could be a toy that you’ve kept since you were very young, a piece of jewellery
M
or something else. Answer these questions and write notes.
a What is the object? How long have you had it? Where did you get it?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
b What is it made of, what does it look like and where does it come from?
SA
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
c What do you like about it? The look? Because it was difficult to get?
Because it makes you think of someone/the past?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
d Is it valuable because of its price or for other reasons?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
Challenge
3 Use your answers to write a description of the
object in your notebook. Write about 150 words.
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Common irregular verbs
Common irregular verbs

Infinitive Past simple Past participle Infinitive Past simple Past participle
be was / were been know knew known
become became become leave left left
begin began begun lend lent lent
bite bit bitten lose lost lost
blow blew blown make made made
E
break broke broken meet met met
bring brought brought pay paid paid
build built built put put put
buy bought bought read read read
catch
choose
come
cost
cut
do
draw
drink
drive
caught
chose
came
cost
cut
did
drew
drank
drove
PL
caught
chosen
come
cost
cut
done
drawn
drunk
driven
ride
ring
run
say
see
sell
send
shine
shut
rode
rang
ran
said
saw
sold
sent
shone
shut
ridden
rung
run
said
seen
sold
sent
shone
shut
M
eat ate eaten sing sang sung
fall fell fallen sit sat sat
feed fed fed sleep slept slept
feel felt felt speak spoke spoken
fi ght fought fought spend spent spent
SA
find found found stand stood stood

fly flew flown steal stole stolen
forget forgot forgotten swim swam swum
get got got take took taken
give gave given teach taught taught
go went gone / been tell told told
grow grew grown think thought thought
have had had throw threw thrown
hear heard heard understand understood understood
hit hit hit wake (up) woke (up) woken (up)
hold held held wear wore worn
hurt hurt hurt win won won
keep kept kept write wrote written
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ISBN_9781108963701.
E
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Full Sample Global Wb7

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We are working with Cambridge Assessment International Education towards endorsement of this title.

Second edition Digital access

University Printing House, Cambridge CB2 8BS, United Kingdom

Cambridge University Press is part of the University of Cambridge.

Second edition published 2021

NOTICE TO TEACHERS IN THE UK

Thanks to the following for permission to reproduce images:

and whose in defining relative clauses

2 Time to celebrate 4 From A to B

Use of English: Past simple passive 59

5 The great outdoors Use of English: Verb + -ing113

9.3 Time well spent? 137

How to use this book

How to use this book

PL with difficult words in a text. It will

We use a deﬁning relative clause to give essential

Use the Cambridge Learner Corpus Get it right!

How to use this book

There are opportunities to practise your grammar on the Use of English

Practice: These grammar

the end of that

28 Last week I stayed the night at my grandparents’ house.

4 A person you work with. (9)

9 Put your arms around someone. (3)

10 ‘How are you?’ ‘I’m …………, thanks.’ (4) 4 5 6

2 In some countries, you ………… hands

1.2 It’s better to give than to receive

b Very clever ……………………

d Show that a day is important by having a party or special event

Coloured material that is made of glass and which is painted on to metal

b They’re ………………… (denageg) and they’re going to get married in July.

c There’s a ………………… (uteats) of a man on a horse in the town square.

d She was wearing a beautiful gold ………………… (inach) around

American War of ………………… (nIcedeepdenn).

………………… (scussec). It’s still broken.

1.3 What should I give?

Bhutan is a country at the eastern end of

This tells you how to

Past simple: regular and irregular

In the past simple we use did in questions and …………3 in negatives.

The negative is wasn’t / …………5.

d They (not try) to help. They (try) to hide.

Practice Get it right!

b What (you think) of the wedding? ………………………………………………………

4 Match the questions and answers in Exercise 3.

Should / shouldn’t + infinitive

You shouldn’t use the

…………………2 I do this? = Is it a good idea to do this?

2 Order the words to make questions.

1.4 Think about it

1.4 You and your family

2 What do they say about family

………………… .’ i Salma: ‘My ………………… Farid is

1.5 Family history

8 Everyone’s ancestors came 13 14

from this continent. (6) 15

11 This is short for

16 Some people want to learn about

1.6 Talk about it

1.6 You and your school

Adam: Well, I ………………………………2 (enjoy) Science. I like doing experiments

2 Write the answers to these questions.

Which / that, who and whose

b I’ve got a friend who / which can speak five languages.

and whose in defining relative clauses

Use of English: Past simple passive 59

5 The great outdoors Use of English: Verb + -ing113

9.3 Time well spent? 137

Adam: Well, I ………………………………2 (enjoy) Science. I like doing experiments

Present perfect simple

Participle adjectives ending in -ed and -ing