Paralec Notes
Paralec Notes
Cercariae
6. Metacercariae
General Characteristics:
7. Adult
Flatworms Snail
With oral and ventral suckers
(acetabulum) 1ST intermediate host
Hermaphroditic
Egg
Eggs are operculated
The typical F. buski egg measures
According to habitat
128 to 140um to 85um, whereas that
Intestinal flukes of F. hepatica measures 128 to 150
Liver flukes um by 60 to 90 um
Lung fluke The eggs are identical. They
Blood flukes consists of an oblong
underdeveloped miracidium
Phylum equipped with a distinct operculum
The eggs of the two species are
Platyhelminthes
considered to be indistinguishable
Class
MORPHOLOGY
Trematode (also referred as
The somewhat oblong freshly adult
digenea)
F. buski (averages 5 by 1.5 cm in
Intestinal species size) the adult F. hepatica
approximately 3 by 1 cm
Fasciolopsis buski
Heterophyes heterophyes F. hepatica is equipped with so called
Metagonimus yokogawai shoulders
Liver species
Fasciola hepatica
Clonorchis sinesis
Lung species
Paragonimus westermani
Blood species
Schistosoma mansoni
Schistosoma japoincium
Schistosoma haematobium Fasciolopsis buski
Fasciola hepatica
Stages
1. Eggs
2. Miracidium
3. Sporocyst
4. Rediae
ADULT from stool specimens or duodenal
aspirates
Elongated and fluke
The enterotest may also be
No cephalic cone performed
Unbranched intestinal ceca The rarely encountered adult worms
Measures 2 – 7.5 cm by 0.8-2 cm by are only seen when removed during
0.5-3cm surgery or autopsy procedure
Basic Techniques
Diarrhea Hemoptysis
Expectoration of
Abdominal pain
discolored sputum
Chest radiographic
Fever
abnormalities
Severe manifestations
Cough
if the brain is involved
Urticaria
Hepato-splenomegaly
eggs from flukes in lungs are passed
out with sputum or swallowed and Pulmonary
passed in feces abnormalities
snail (semisulcospira libertine) – 1st
intermediate host Eosinophilia
crustaceans (Crabs) – 2nd
intermediate host (infective)
Pulmonary paragonimiasis
NEMATODES
Phylum
nemathelminths
Class
nematoda
Intestinal species
enterobious vermicularis
trichuris trichiura
ascaris lumbricodes
necator americanus
ancylostoma duodenale
strongloides stercoralis
Intestinal-Tissue Species