IDEOLOGY OF PAKISTAN

Pakistan came into being on 14th August 1947. The Muslims of India had scarifies their wealth
honor & life to make a Pakistan reality. Struggle for attainment of Pakistan started very after the
war of independence 1857.

Aims & Objectives of the Creation of Pakistan

After the war of Independence the Muslims were greatly pressed by the Hindus as well as the
British. Social, political and economical conditions of the Muslims were totally changed. That is
why they demanded for a separate state of their own. Following were the Aims & Objectives that
led to the creation of Pakistan.
1. Setting up of a Free Islamic Society:
The main objective of the creation of Pakistan was to establish a free Islamic Society having its
own identity and government, practicing its own social principles and religion and inviting the
Muslims of the world, particularly and others generally to adopt the Islamic way of life.
2. Protection from Communal Riots:
The communal Riots on every other day made it clear that the Hindus could monopolies the
politics after the departure of The British. The lives of Muslims could never be safe in the united
India. The Hindu organizations had again and again asserted that Hindu Raj would be imposed
on India after the independence. So to get rid of these atrocities the Muslims demanded their
separate state.
3. Social & Political Development of Muslims:
After the war of Independence 1857, the social environment was totally changed. The Muslims
were scared of the caste system and other discriminations. They could enjoy neither political nor
social liberties; therefore, they preferred to have a separate homeland in which they could live
according to the teachings of Islam.
4. Protection of Muslim Language
The Hindus did the best to replace Urdu by Hindi. But they did not succeed during British
period. If South Asia had got freedom without partition, the Hindu majority could very easily
declare Hindi, the official and national language. The Hindu government could wipe out all signs
of Muslim culture; therefore, the Muslims had no choice except putting a demand for Pakistan.
5. Protection of Two Nation Theory:
The Muslims claimed separate nationhood for themselves and they were determined to maintain
a separate entity for all times to come. The Muslims

in separate religion, practice different traditions, and have their own history and their cultural
heritage. Their claim was absolutely true. It was their right to keep their separate entity alive and
to enjoy all human rights. This was not possible in undivided India.
6. Establishment of Islamic State:
Islam is a complete code of life. The Muslims wanted to implement the system practically. This
could not be attained in United India therefore, they passed a resolution and demanded an
Islamic state in the North East and North West of South Asia.
7. Setting up of True Islamic Society:
Islam upholds the golden principles of freedom, justice, brotherhood and equality but living for
centuries with the Hindu community, the Muslims were gradually ignoring, consciously or
unconsciously, these principles. Islam gives guidance for individual as well as collective life. It
has its own principles such as ban on usuary, gambling, to refrain from all unlawful means of
income and expenditure. Again extravagance is regarded devilish. The rights of the neighbours
are stressed which results in social security to all. God-fearing and belief in the Hereafter are the
basis for the social life of the Muslims.
8. Dream of Muslims to get freedom:
Due to the ill treatment of Hindus and British the Muslims also wanted to get freedom and
established their own Govt. in the sub continent because the freedom is right of every nation and
the country. For this reason they demanded Pakistan.
9. Narrow Mindedness of Hindus:
The Hindu community‟s narrow mindedness could be gauged from the fact that they do not feel
ashamed of idol worship during the 20th century even. The women are considered slaves. They
do not recognize the right of second marriage for the widow. They consider themselves much
superior to the people of their own race. The Hindus declare a thing polluted if it has been
touched by a Muslim. There was a concept of caste systems in the Hindus itself. There was only
one way of Muslim‟s deliverance from such a narrow-minded and prejudiced community, and
that was a separate state comprising the provinces of Muslim majority, and as such they
demanded a separate homeland.
10. To get rid of the British:
After the war of independence (1857), the British maltreated the Muslims. Political rights of the
Muslims were snatched. Doors of new jobs were closed and also the Muslims were deprived of
their jobs and were deprived of their property (estates). There was no social status for the
Muslims. So they demanded separate homeland.

11. Attainment of Peaceful Atmosphere:

After the formation of Mahasabha and its entrance into politics, prejudiced movements like
Shuddhi and Sangthan were born. Riots occurred here and there. They extinguished the fire of
revenge by dishonouring the mosques or attacking Moharram processions. The daily increase in
riots had given a warning to the Muslims. It is rightly remarked that the last 25 years were spent
in Hindu-Muslim civil war. Its cure was no other than the creation of Pakistan in the Muslim
majority provinces so that the daily occurrences of riots may come to an end. The Muslims may
enjoy the peaceful conditions in a separate state of their own.
12. Islamic Culture and Civilization:
Success of congress in elections of 1937 and capturing the leadership was an enough proof that
the Hindus wanted to demolish Muslim civilization and culture. Every now and then new
intrigues were hatched to destroy the Muslim‟s religious values. The breeding of cows and to
worship them was the reckoned culture of Hindustan. The Hindu community was planning to
prevail upon Muslims in their customs and ceremonies. The Muslim ceremonies were interfered
whereas the Hindu festivals of Diwali, Lorhis, Dasehra were celebrated with great pomp and
show. In short, if India were not divided, this country would have become a pure Hindu State and
the next generation of Muslims would have been Muslim only by name, but it would have been
impossible for the Muslims to follow Islam practically.
13. Deliverance from Economic Exploitation:
The Hindus community was not contented with the political rule; it was determined to worsen
the condition of the minorities economically. But especially they wanted to take revenge from
the Muslims for their past defeats. Under the patronage of the English, the Hindus were made the
owners of the land. They were encouraged in trade and commerce also. Only the trade of hydes
and skins remained with the Muslims. They were encouraged in the trade of shining nature, or
some factory, and that belonged to a Muslims, they started cut throat competitions. So after being
disheartened the Muslims had to leave the factory or trade. The Muslims had seen this state of
affairs for years till they reached the conclusion that where the problems were settled by the
votes of majority, it was hardly possible to live along with the prejudiced and cruel Hindu
majority. The sole aim of the Hindus was to re-convert the Muslims to Hinduism and absorb
them in that religion. So there was no room left for the Muslims except demanding a separate
independent homeland, for themselves.
20. Muslim Unity:
Muslims were dispersed in the 20th century especially after the failure of Khilafat movement.
The Muslims wanted to become united again because unity is also the basic teaching of Islam.
But the unity of the Muslim world cannot be possible without the creation of Pakistan.
In short the Muslims demanded a separate state only because of their worse conditions and to
save their national integrity.

The Ideology of Pakistan in the light of the sayings of the Quaid-e-Azam

Pakistan is the only state that came into being on the bases of strong ideology. Since its
establishment it has been demanded to accomplish its basic aim.
Ideology:
The social or political Programme of any movement that becomes a collective objective of any
nation is called Ideology. OR
Ideology means such an aim according to which human beings planned about their future.
The Ideology of Pakistan
The Ideology of Pakistan was the consciousness of the Muslims in the historical perspective of
the south Asian sub-continent that they were a separate nation on the basis of the Islamic
ideology. No doubt Islamic ideology is the base of ideology of Pakistan so the basic fundaments
of Islam are also the bases of the Ideology of Pakistan.
Ideology of Pakistan & Different Scholars
Ideology of Pakistan is defined by the different sociologist as: -
1. Syed Ali Abbas
Syed Ali Abbas former professor of history defined ideology of Pakistan as.
“Ideology of Pakistan and Ideology of Islam have same meaning. Actually ideology of Pakistan
is the practical shape of the teachings of Islam.”
2. Dr. Aslam Syed
Dr. Aslam Syed defined the ideology of Pakistan as.
“Ideology of Pakistan is the name of molding of individual and collective lives according to
Islam and also of saving from conflicting ideologies.”
3. Allama Allaud-Din-Siddiqui
A well known scholar Allama Allaud-Din-Siddiqui defined ideology of Pakistan as.
“Ideology of Pakistan is the name of implementation of Islamic principles on persons. On groups
& on government and Islam should be stronger than the strongest forces here”

QUAID-E-Azam AND IDEOLOGY OF PAKISTAN

Quaid-e-Azam was the liberator of the Muslim nation in Sub-Continent. He struggled for the
separate state on the bases of Islamic Ideology. He himself explained this basic ideology. - 1.
Foundation of Muslim Nation
Once Quaid-e-Azam said,
“Pakistan came into being the very day when the first Hindu became a Muslim.”
2. Pakistan and the Holy Quran:
In the annual meeting of 1943 at Karachi Quaid-e-Azam said while clarifying the relation of
Pakistan and Islam:
“What is that relation which has made Muslim a single body? What is that rock on which the
structure of Muslim Nation is restored? What is that base which has secured the safety of the
boat of this Muslim Nation? That relation, rock and base is the Holy Quran.”
3. Islam is a complete code of life:
While addressing the students, in March, 1944 he said,
“Our guide is Islam and this, is the complete code of our life. We neither need any red or yellow
flag nor do we need any Socialism. Communism, Nationalism or any other ism”
4. Elimination of differences:
On 21 March, 1948 while addressing the people in Dhaka and said,
“I want not to see you to talk as a Sindhi, Balochi, Punjabi and Bengali. What is the fun of
saying that we are Punjabi, Sindhi or Pathan? We are only Muslims.”
5. Need of division of India:
While addressing at Aligarh he clarified the ideology of Pakistan in these words:
“What was the motive of the demand for Pakistan and a separate electorate for Muslims? What
was the cause of the division of India? Its cause is neither the narrow mindedness of Hindus nor
the tactics of The British but is the basic demand of Islam?”
6. National Identity of The Muslims:
In the light of the history of the subcontinent Quaid-e-Azam argued that Muslims have never
been a minority. They are a perfect nation and have the right to establish an independent state in
those areas where they are in majority. 7. Pakistan, A practical laboratory for Islamic system:
While addressing the students of lslamia College, Peshawar on 13 January 1948 Quaid-e-Azam
said,
“We did not demand Pakistan just to own a piece of land but we infact wanted to have a
Laboratory for experimenting the true teachings of Islam.”
8. Protection of Muslim culture:
Addressing the army officers, in October, 1947, Mr. Jinnah said,
“Our object was to create such a state where we can live freely, our culture and civilization get
flourished, and where Islamic concept of social justice can flourish exactly.”
9. Criticism of the Western Economic system:
On the eve of inaugurating the State Bank of Pakistan on 1 July 1948, the Quaid said,
“The Economic system of west is creating unsolvable problems for humanity. It has failed to
provide justice to the people. We are to present an economic system based on original Islamic
concept equality and social justice.”
10. A Staunch supporter of the Two Nation Theory:
He was a great supporter of two-nation theory and he considered the Muslims a separate nation
from every aspect. He said:
“The Muslims are a nation by every right to establish their separate homeland. They can adopt
any mean to promote and protect their spiritual, moral, economic, social, political and cultural
interests”.
11. Origin of Pakistan
In his address at Ahmedabad on 29th December 1940 Quaid-e-Azam said,
“Pakistan existed from centuries. North West remained a homeland of Muslims. Independent
states of Muslims should be established in these areas so that they might live according to the
teachings of Islam”.
12. Separate Status of The Muslims:
In his address at Lahore on 23rd March 1940 it was clearly mentioned,
“No Act or Law would be acceptable which deny the separate status of the Muslims.”
13. Demand for the Separate Homeland:
Quaid-e-Azam said in his presidential address at Lahore on 23rd March about the demand of
separate homeland for the Muslims as:
“Hindus and Muslims belong to two different religions based on totally different beliefs, and
present the different ideologies. They have different epics, different heroes and different history.
Therefore,the union of two nations is fatal for the sub-continent, because it is not based on
equality but on numerical minority and other as a majority. It would be better for the British
government to partition the sub-continent by keeping in view the interests of the two nations. It
will be a correct decision religiously and historically”.
14. Promotion of Islamic Ideology:
On 1st October 1947, while addressing the officers of the Government of Pakistan, he said,
“Their mission is the establishment of a state where they could live like free people in their own
socio-cultural set up necessary for the promotion of social justice and Islamic ideology”.
15. Muslim Unity:
Quaid-e-Azam once said while clarifying the root of Muslim unity.
“What is the relation which has made Muslims a single body? What is the rock on which the
structure of Muslim Nation is standing? What is the base which has secured the safety of the
boat of this Muslim Nation? That relation, rock and base is the Holy Quran.”
16. The Constitution of Pakistan
The Quaid-e-Azam while talking to an American journalist said about the making of constitution
of Pakistan.
“Pakistani constitution is yet to be made but I can say for sure that it would be of democratic
type and would consist of the basic principles of Islam. These principles can be implemented on
our practical life as they were 1300 years ago. ”
17. Destination of Muslims
During the Congress rule from 1937 to 1939, the treatment to the Muslims convinced them of
their destination. Quaid-e-Azam in clear words said:
“The Britain wants to rule India, Mr. Gandhi and the Congress want to rule India and the
Muslims. We say that we will not let either the Britain or Mr. Gandhi to rule Muslims, we want
to be free”
18. Strong Belief of Muslims
Quaid-e-Azam had a strong belief in achieving his goal. He said:
“We cannot be moved or diverted from our purpose and objective by threats or intimidations.
We must be prepared to face all difficulties and consequences, make all the sacrifices that may
be required of us to achieve the goal we have set in front of us”
19. Pakistan & United Nations
With the will of Allah, the Muslims were able to establish Pakistan. ON that occasion, on 15th
August, 1947 he said:
“Muslims of India have shown to the world that they are a united nation, their cause is just and
righteous which cannot be denied. Let us, on this day, humbly thank God for His bounty and
pray that we might be able to prove that we are worthy of it. This day marks the end of a painful
phase in our national history and it should also be the beginning of a new and a noble era”.
20. National Solidarity
Quaid-e-Azam wanted to establish such a Pakistan which is strong & united from every respect.
Once he said after the creation of Pakistan.
“The people who think that they will demolish Pakistan they are foolish & not in their senses.
There is no any power in the world who demolishes Pakistan. The roots of Pakistan are very
deep & strong”
In the light of above mentioned facts we can easily conclude that the Quaid-e-Azam was truly
aware of the basic demands of an Islamic state and he struggled for it. According to his ideas
Islam was the only base of The Ideology of Pakistan.

THE IDEOLOGY OF PAKISTAN IN THE LIGHT OF SAYINGS OF ALLAMA IQBAL?

The social or political Programme of any movement that becomes a collective objective of any
nation is called Ideology. OR
Ideology means such an aim according to which human beings planned about their future.
The Ideology of Pakistan
The Ideology of Pakistan was the consciousness of the Muslims in the historical perspective of
the south Asian sub-continent that they were a separate nation on the basis of the Islamic
ideology. No doubt Islamic ideology is the base of ideology of Pakistan so the basic
fundamentals of Islam are also the bases of the Ideology of Pakistan.
Ideology of Pakistan & Different Scholars
Ideology of Pakistan is defined by the different scholars as: -
1. Syed Ali Abbas
Syed Ali Abbas former professor of history defined ideology of Pakistan as.
“Ideology of Pakistan and Ideology of Islam have same meaning. Actually ideology of Pakistan
is the practical shape of teachings of Islam.”
2. Dr. Aslam Syed

Dr. Aslam Syed defined the ideology of Pakistan as.

“Ideology of Pakistan is the name of molding of individual and collective lives according to
Islam and also of saving form conflicting ideologies.”
3. Allama Allaud-Din-Siddiqui
A well known scholar Allama Allaud-Din-Siddiqui defined ideology of Pakistan as.
“Ideology of Pakistan is the name of implementation of Islamic principles on persons. On groups
& on government and Islam should be stronger than the strongest forces here”
Allama Iqbal & Ideology of Pakistan
Allama Iqbal was the person who for the first time gave the concept of a separate state for the
Muslims keeping in view the Two Nation Theory. He clearly explained the Ideology of Pakistan
in his sayings and poetry. Aflame Iqbal and Ideology of Pakistan:
1. Separate Recognition of Muslims:
Allama lqbal made it clear that the Muslims have the separate recognition from the Hindus on
the base of religion and culture. In this regard he said
“India is not a country, it is a Sub-continent of human beings belonging to different languages
and practicing different religions. Muslim nation has its own religious and cultural identity.”
2. Condemnation of Western Democratic Concepts:
Allama lqbal was strongly against the western concept of Democracy. Despite flourishing all
over the world, this system cannot provide solution of the problem of Islamic world. Iqbal was of
the view that all social and political problems can be solved with the help of Islamic system. He
said, (Western democracy is devoid of depth, it has merely an attractive out look.)
3. Concept of separate Muslim State:
Dr. Muhammad Allama lqbal was great supporter and preacher of separate Muslim state. He
gave this idea of separate state for the Muslims in 1930 while addressing the annual meeting of
All India Muslim league in Allah Abad,
“I want to see the Punjab, NWFP, Sindh and Balochistan in the form of one homogenous state.
Whether India gets independences under the crown of England or out of it, I think independent
state of western provinces is the destiny of the people living there.”
4. Commendation of Idea of Single Nation:
In March, 1909 when lqbal was asked to address a meeting held by Minvra Raj Amritsar but he
refused to address that meeting & said.
“I remained the supporter of this idea but now I am of the view that preservation of separate
nationhood is useful for Hindus and Muslims
birth. To have the concept of single nation in India is no doubt poetic and beautiful but
impractical regarding present circumstances.”
5. Concept of Two Nation Theory:
Allama Iqbal explaining the two nation theory as:
“Despite living together for 1000 years, Hindus and Muslims have their own individual
ideologies so the only solution of political conflict in India is to have a separate independent
parliament for each nation.”
6. Eradication of Racial & Regional Prejudices:
Allama Iqbal rejected the Racial & Regional Prejudices. Once he said in this regard as:
“Concept of nation and homeland is confusing the Muslims. That is why Islamic humane objects
are becoming dim. It is also possible that these concepts may destroy the real concepts of
Islam.”
7. Explanation of Relation of Islam & politics:
Allam Iqbal was in the favour of basic concept that politics is a part of religion (Islam) and Islam
provides complete guidance about it,
“Islam does not consider matter and soul separate from each other. Allah, Universe and state all
are the basic elements of single unit. Man is not so alien that he should leave worldly affairs for
the sake of religion.”
8. Islam is complete code of life
In the annual meeting of Muslim League on December 29, 1930 at Allahabad, he said,
“Islam is not the name of some beliefs and customs but it is a compete code of life. In, Europe,
religion is every one’s personal matter which divides the human oneness into two opposite parts
i.e. body and soul. In contrast to that in Islam, God, Universe, soul, matter, sate and religions
are bound to each other or in other words Muslims are one nation”
9. Islam is a lively power
In his Allahabad address he said:
“Islam is a lively power which frees human mind from thoughts country and race. If we
understand this thing then we can be the leaders of prominent Indian civilization.”
10. Islam is the way to success
Allama Iqbal said in relation to Islam:
“The lesson which I learnt from history is that Islam always helped the Muslims. Even today,
Ideology of Islam can save your being from destruction by uniting your divided powers”.

11. No other ideology of life than Islam

On the publication of his poem, “Khazr-e-Rah” people started to call Allama Iqbal as
communist. He rejected this balance firstly in his essay and then in a letter to All-e-Ahmed
Sarwur in 1937. He said:
“To me capitalism, communism and other isms of this world have no importance. Islam is the
only reality which is the reason of salvation. To have a contract with any other ism is just like to
be out of Islam.”
12. Opposition of Nationalism
He described the reason of opposition of nationalism in the words:
“I am opposed to nationalism, not because if it is allowed to develop in India. It is likely to bring
less material gain to Muslims. I am opposed to it because I see in it the germs of atheistic
materialism which I look upon as the greatest danger to modern humanity”
13. Separate Existence of Muslims
The fact is that even the enemies acknowledge that it was Iqbal who made the idea of a distinct
Muslim Nationhood crystal clear in the minds of the masses. A bigoted Hindu leader Madan
Mohan Malwiya once remarked.
“Before Iqbal, we had not the slightest idea that the Muslims possessed a separate existence in
India. We regarded them to be a part of a common nationalism”
14. Foundation of Pakistan
Allama Iqbal not only put forward the proposal of Pakistan‟s creation by uniting the Muslim
majority provinces of north-western India, he also explicitly pointed out the foundations on
which this state was to be established and was to function. He said:
“To address this session of All India Muslim League you have selected a man who is not
despaired of Islam as a living force for freeing the outlook of man from its geographical
limitations, who believes that religion is a power of utmost importance in the life of individual as
well as states.”
15. Unity of Muslim World
Allama Iqbal was a great supporter of Muslims Unity. He gave the message to the Nation of
unity, equality, fraternity & tolerance. He also declared that there is no any concept of
discrimination on the base of colour, cast and creed in Islam. The message of unity of the
Muslim World can be seen in his poetry as.
‫ایک ہوں هسلن حرم کی پاسبانی کے لیے‬
‫نیل کے ساحل سے لے کے تا بخاک کاشغر‬
16. Geographical Limitations of Mankind
According to Allama Iqbal, Islam is a practical way to eliminate the artificial distinctions of race
and nation and to transcend beyond the geographical limitations of mankind. He wanted to
established Muslim nationality on ideological lines:
Allama lqbal categorically stated that the Hindus and the Muslims can‟t live together in one
state, and that the Muslims would succeed in making their own separate state sooner or later. He
advocated the separate nationhood of Muslims. Declaring Islam a complete code of life Allama
lqbal in the annual Session of All India Muslim League at Allahabad in 1930, demanded a
Muslim state in the North West of the sub-continent.

THE IMPORTANCE OF THE IDEOLOGY OF PAKISTAN.

 Pakistan is the only state that came into being on the bases of strong ideology. Since its
establishment it has been demanded to accomplish its basic aim. Following are the bases of its
ideology.
Ideology:
The social or political Programme of any movement that becomes a collective objective of any
nation is called Ideology. OR
Ideology means such an aim according to which human beings planned about their future.
The Ideology of Pakistan
The Ideology of Pakistan was the consciousness of the Muslims in the historical perspective of
the south Asian sub-continent that they were a separate nation on the basis of the Islamic
ideology. No doubt Islamic ideology is the base of ideology of Pakistan so the basic
fundamentals of Islam are also the bases of the Ideology of Pakistan.

IMPORTANCE OF IDEOLOGY OF PAKISTAN

Importance of Ideology of Pakistan is as under:-
1. Right of Self Determination
In the decent civilizations of the world, right of self determination has got the place of basic
human right. The Muslim of sub-continent work hard for the attainment of right of self
determination, on the base of this right the Muslim demanded separate electorate in 1906 and this
right was awarded to the Muslim in 1909‟s Minto Morley reforms.
2. Protection of the Muslims of Sub-Continent
Ideology of Pakistan saved the Muslim of the Sub-Continent. Because of the ideology of
Pakistan, the Muslims of India who had become a minority due to the western democracy
became a great nation.
3. Cause of Independence of Muslims
Ideology of Pakistan is the cause of independence of Muslims. Because of the ideology of
Pakistan the Muslims of India got freedom and they got social betterment. In addition to that
other nations like Sikhs, Hindus and Christians had other benefits out of that.
4. Ending of Hindu-Muslim Tension
After the creation of Pakistan, Hindu-Muslim tension which had been a part of Daily life ended.
Along with that tension the events of terrorism also ended. They both got peaceful atmosphere
which is necessary for the development of any society.
5. Symbol of Security of the Muslims
The ideology of Pakistan is very important for the Muslim of the Sub-Continent after the start of
this theory the Muslims feel better and secured in the Sub-Continent. The people who believe the
ideology of Pakistan although belong to different races and different areas, are united. Because
of this natural unity, they can defeat foreign conspiracies and enemies of Pakistan.
6. Character Building
Ideology of Pakistan is a source of Character Building of the Muslims. Ideology of Pakistan is
based on Islamic ideology and exemplary principles of Islam. So due to the ideology of Pakistan
we are able to establish the Islamic society in Pakistan and we create the courage, honesty,
tolerance, bravery, equality, fraternity & character building in Pakistan.
7. Unity of Islamic World
Ideology of Pakistan is laid down on the Islam. There is no any discrimination on the base of
colour cast, creed, state or a country in Islam and Pakistan is obtained on the base of Ideology of
Pakistan. So the unity of the Islamic world is the key factor of the foreign policy of Pakistan and
Pakistan tried his best to create the harmony and unity of the Muslim World.
8. Source of Power
Islam gave the concept of two nation theory in sub-continent and secured the separate
recognition of the Muslims in sub-continent. Two nation theory protected the Muslims in the
hour of need especially in British rule, that‟s why ideology of Pakistan is the source of power in
the sub-continent on which base the Muslims struggle hard for the attainment of Pakistan.
Finally they succeed to achieve Pakistan.
9. Formation of Exemplary Society
The Muslims wanted to establish the exemplary society in the sub-continent but this dream
couldn‟t be fulfill in the united India. Muslims of India had a brilliant chance to build and
exemplary society in Pakistan after the creation of Pakistan. According to the constitution of
Pakistan, government is responsible for the security of basic human rights. This thing is
necessary for an exemplary society.
10. Freedom from Hindu-British Society
After the death of Aurangzeb Allamgir the decline of the Muslim of the Sub-Continent was
started. In 1857 The British took-over the whole sub-continent and Muslim became their ruled.
In the 18th and 19th century The British increased their efforts to spread Christianity and Hindus
started to spread Hinduism. Under these conditions the ideology of Pakistan saved them from
such spreading.
11. Protection of Muslim Civilization & Culture
Right from the reign of Jalal-ud-Din Muhammad Akbar, Hindus through their “Bhagti
Movement”, had been trying to deprive the Muslims of India from their identity as a separate
nation. After the war of Independence in 1857 Hindus & The Britishs tried their best to demolish
the Muslim Civilization and Culture and the Muslims wanted to protect with their culture. The
protection of Muslim Culture and Civilization is only possible the ideology of Pakistan.
12. Symbol of Beneficence of the Society
The progress of the Muslims of the sub-continent was hidden in the aim of getting Pakistan
which was lightened by the creation of Pakistan. Besides, ideology of Pakistan is ideology of
Islam so it is in a way a source of beneficence on the Day of Judgment.
13. Reason of Human Dignity
The basic aim of creation of Pakistan was the formation of such state where Muslims can live
their individual and collective lives according to the principles of Islam. In addition to that there
they can make such a society where courageous and morally high people dominate. This
heightens the human dignity. Creation of Pakistan up to a high extent fulfilled this aim.
14. Source of Economic Development of the Muslims
Ideology of Pakistan is source of economic development of the Muslims, because after the
creation of Pakistan, Muslims got the freedom from The British, and Hindu landlords. The
Muslims have full control on trade, services & agriculture. Exploitation of Muslims of the sub-
continent came to an end. And they became strong economically.
15. Industrial and Mineral Development
After the creation of Pakistan, Muslims used their capabilities in finding and using the minerals
blessed by God and made progress in the field of industry and minerals.
16. Establishment of Welfare State
On the basis of ideology of Pakistan separate state for the Muslims was to be established. In
which they introduced democratic values, social system based on Islam, justice & economic
prosperity of the people which would led to the Pakistan towards the welfare state.
17. Success for the Muslims
Ideology of Pakistan is the source of success for the Muslims in the world. Due to the separate
state, the Muslims became prosperous and they adopted Islamic ways of life. They obey the
Islamic principles and follow Islam and start to spend of their lives according to Islam and
introduced Islamic ethical system which led to the success of the Muslims both in this word and
the life after the death.

Two Nation Theory

The social or political Programme of any movement that becomes a collective objective of any
nation is called Ideology. OR
Ideology means such an aim according to which human beings planned about their future.
TWO NATION THEORY
In the historical perspective of the sub-continent Two Nation Theory means that despite
living together in the same country, the Hindus and the Muslims are two separate nations.
Though the Muslims and the Hindus both have been living together for centuries, yet they could
not merge with each other.
BEGINNING OF TWO NATION THEORY
The history of two nation theory is as old as the history of man. According to the holy Quran, the
concept of one nation was produced before Adam. Quran says:
“We Said: Go down, all of you from here; but verily there cometh unto you from Me a guidance;
and who so follow My guidance, there shall no fear come upon them neither shall they grieve.
But they who disbelieve and deny Our revelations, such are rightful owners of the fire. They will
be therein.”
Islam and Two Nation Theory:
Islam has different character and temperament. The concept of Two Nations was given by Islam
14 hundred years ago. According to Islam there are only two nations in the world; Believers and
Non believers.
EVOLUTION OF TWO NATION THEORY IN INDIA:
In the subcontinent Two Nation Theory is as old as the history of the Muslims. Two nations
theory had been formed in India when Raja Samri of Kadanga Noor accepted Islam, because
Hindus and Muslims of India belonged to the same race. They were living in the geographically
connected areas. They were the citizens of one country. There was no huge difference between
their customs. In spite of all these common things, religious fervor had provided them such a
strong base for nationalism which altogether made the Muslims and everything different from
Hindus. It is clear from the words of the Quaid-e-Azam:
“Pakistan was created on the very first day when first Hindu accepted Islam in India”
1. Hazrat Mujadid Alf Sani & Two Nation Theory
Hazrat Mujaddad Alf Sani explained the Two Nation Theory in 16th and 17th century:-
“If Muslims want to live like a live nation then they will have to get rid of all those paganism.
They will have to live separately from Hindus. If this consciousness of separate nationalism is
not produced among the Muslims then the fear is that they would be swept away in the flood of
one-nationhood.”
2. Hazrat Shah Wali Ullah & Two Nation Theory:
Shah Wali Ullah was also a great supporter of two nation theory. He saved the Muslims of the
sub-continent at that time when the Muslims decline was started after the death of Aurangzeb
Allamgir in 1707. He advised the Muslim to be united and followed the Islamic rules &
regulations. He also advised the Muslims to give up Hindu and Un-Islamic values. He considered
that the Muslims are the separate nation from Hindus.
3. Sir Syed Ahmed and Two Nation Theory:
Sir Syed Ahmed Khan was the first Indian Muslim political leader who used the word “Nation”
for the Muslims of the sub-continent in 1867. During the Urdu Hindi Controversy he came
forward with two nation concept and declared that the Muslims were a separate nation, having
their own culture and civilization. He talked to Mr. Shakespeare, Governor of Banaras and
explained the two nation theory as:
“Hindi Urdu conflict is the starting of the space of separation between Hindus and Muslims
which will gradually increase and a day will come when both the nations will separate from each
other after division.”
4 Allama Iqbal and Two Nation Theory:
Allama Iqbal awakened the Muslims of sub-continent with his poetry to demand a separate
homeland. He led the Muslims at every step and rendered great services for the establishment of
Pakistan. Allama Iqbal considered Islam as a complete code of life. He said that he was fully
convinced that the
Muslims of India would ultimately have a separate homeland, as they could not live with the
Hindus in united India.
The evolution of the Two Nation Theory got momentum slowly. Allama Iqbal clearly stressed
the need of a separate state by including the province of NWFP, in his address at Allahabad in
1930. But the British and the Hindus did not agree to it.
5 Quaid-e-Azam and Two Nation Theory:
The Quaid-e-Azam was a big supporter of two-nation theory. He said,
“The foundation of Two Nation Theory was laid on the day when the first non-Muslim of sub-
continent became Muslim”.
This two-nation theory was originated with the arrival of the Muslims in the sub-continent. He
said:
“India is neither a country nor its inhabitants are a nation. This is a sub-continent where many
nations live; among these the Hindu and the Muslim are two important nations”.
6 John Bright and Two Nation Theory:
On 24th June, 1858 John Bright gave the concept of a separate state for the Muslims of the sub-
continent.
7 Syed Jamal Ud Din Afghani and Two Nation Theory:
In 1879 Maulana Jamal-ud-Din Afghani gave the concept of Two Nations in the sub-continent.
8 Molana Abdul Haleem Sharar and Two Nation Theory:
In 1890 Maulana Abdul Haleem gave the concept of the Two Nation Theory.
9 Walait Ali Bambook and Two Nation Theory:
In 1913 Walait Ali Bambook presented the Two Nation Theory.
10 Molana Ashraf Ali Thanvi and Two Nation Theory:
In 1928, on the basis of separate identity, Maulana Ashraf Ali Thanvi talked about separate state
of the Muslims.
11 Murtaza Makesh and Two Nation Theory:
In 1928, on the basis of separate identity, Murtaza Makesh talked about separate state of the
Muslims.
12 Chaudhry Rehmat Ali and Two Nation Theory:
Chaudhry Rehmat Ali in 1933 suggested the name of Pakistan on the base of Two Nation
Theory, while he was a student of the Cambridge University of England.

Importance of Two Nation Theory:

The entire freedom movement revolves around Two Nation Theory which became the basis of
demand for Pakistan. It means that the Muslim of the sub-continent were a separate nation with
their distinct culture, civilization, literature, history, religion and social values. Islam, the religion
of the Muslims was based on the concept of Tauheed and therefore could not be merged in any
other system of religion.