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    7 Coordinate Geometry

    Uploaded by

    Roses Are Rosie

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    7 Coordinate Geometry

    Uploaded by

    Roses Are Rosie
    7 views4 pages

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    7 views4 pages

    7 Coordinate Geometry

    Uploaded by

    Roses Are Rosie

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 4

    COORDINATE GEOMETRY.

    This is a completely simple, logical topic and should not be taught using all
    those unnecessary formulae involving x1, y1, x2, y2.
    In fact the only formula we need to use is y = mx + c
    Examples.
    Suppose P is (2, 4) and Q is (10, 8) Q(10, 8)
    p 4cm
    (i) Find the length of PQ
    P (2, 4) 8cm
    DRAW A SMALL SKETCH
    and use Pythagoras’ Theorem!

    p2 = 82 + 42
    p2 = 64 + 16
    p2 = 80
    p ≈ 8.94cm

    (ii) Find the gradient of PQ

    Just look at the sketch above! grad = 4 = 1


    8 2

    (iii) Find the EQUATION of PQ

    The basic equation is y = mx + c


    We just found the gradient m = ½
    So y = x + c
    2
    The graph goes through ( 2, 4) so subs x = 2, y = 4
    4=1+c
    3=c
    The equation of PQ is y = ½ x + 3

    (iv) Find M, the mid-point of PQ

    M is the average of (2, 4) and (10, 8)


    ie average 2 and 10 = 12 = 6 and average of 4 and 8 = 6
    2

    Mid point is M = (6, 6)


    The above techniques are just very basic logic.
    The following formulae should be made completely redundant:
    Dist = √ (x2 – x1)2 + (y2 – y1)2

    Gradient = y2 – y1
    x2 – x1

    Equation of line y – y1 = m(x – x1)

    OR y – y1 = y2 – y1
    x – x1 x2 – x1

    Mid Point = x1 + x2 , y1 + y2
    2 2

    Whether students/tutors/teachers realise it or not, the use of these formulae


    does not promote proper “thinking” and “understanding”.

    N.B. If you told students that the equation of a line was y + y1 = m(x + x1)
    then students would cheerfully use it just as “confidently” and happily
    as they would use the correct version.
    They may THINK that they understand it but clearly they only
    KNOW how to substitute numbers into an equation whether the
    equation is correct or not! The “formula” replaces understanding!

    Parallel lines : obviously have the same gradient.


    eg y = 3x + 5 is parallel to y = 3x – 9
    4 4

    Perpendicular Lines : we need to show examples as follows

    B
    Grad AB = 4
    C
    3 Students will
    Grad AC = – 3 easily realise
    4 that the product
    of perpendicular
    A gradients is – 1
    B
    Grad AB = 3
    C 2
    Grad AC = – 2
    3
    A
    The following is a model answer for a suitable teaching example for this topic
    using the logical methods as described above.

    Using coordinate geometry methods find the properties of the quadrilateral


    given by A(2, 2), B(8, 4), C(6, 10) and D(0, 8) . As a result of the properties
    you have found, state what type of quadrilateral this is.
    Also find the intersection point of the diagonals.
    C B

    2
    D A
    6
    2 2 2
    AB = 6 + 2
    AB = √40 ≈ 6.32
    B

    C
    A
    2
    D
    6
    DC2 = 62 + 22
    DC = √40 ≈ 6.32
    D

    6 C

    A 6
    2
    6 B
    2
    DA = 6 + 2 2 2 2
    DA = √40 ≈ 6.32 6
    BC2 = 62 + 22
    BC = √40 ≈ 6.32
    Therefore all 4 sides are equal in length.

    Using the above sketches:


    Gradient of AB = 2 = 1
    6 3 So AB is parallel to DC
    Gradient of DC = 2 = 1
    6 3

    Gradient of AD = 6 = 3
    2 So AD is parallel to BC
    Gradient of BC = 6 = 3
    2
    Considering the gradients of adjacent sides Grad AB × Grad BC = – 1
    this means that the lines are perpendicular.
    This means all the angles are 900, all the sides are equal and opposite sides are
    parallel so ABCD MUST be a SQUARE.

    Diagonals C D

    D 4

    B
    B 8

    A Grad of DB = – 1
    2

    Equation of DB is of the form y = mx + c where m = – 1


    2
    and it goes through (0, 8) so substituting:
    8 = – 1 × 0 + c so c = 8
    2
    DB is y = – 1x + 8
    2
    C
    Equ of AC is of the form y = mx + c
    8 where m = 2 and it goes through (2, 2)
    so substituting:
    2 = 2×2 + c so c = – 2
    A 4
    Grad of AC = 2 Equ AC is y = 2x – 2

    The diagonals intersect when 2x – 2 = – 1 x + 8


    2
    Mult b.s. by 2: 4x – 4 = – x + 16
    5x = 20
    x = 4 and y = 6

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