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CHAPTER 9

Nation Building and Nationalism

CHAPTER OUTLINE
A Revolutionary War Hero Revisits America in 1824

Expansion and Migration

Extending the Boundaries
Native American Societies Under Pressure

Transportation and the Market Economy

Roads and Steamboats
Emergence of a Market Economy
Early Industrialism

The Politics of Nation Building After the War of 1812

The Missouri Compromise
Postwar Nationalism and the Supreme Court
Nationalism in Foreign Policy: The Monroe Doctrine

Conclusion: The End of the Era of Good Feeling

67
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved.
TOWARD DISCUSSION: THE BIG APPLE
New York City still represents a great challenge to college students. If they can make it there in
finance, art, theater, sports, or fashion, they can make it anywhere. Despite the city’s obvious
problems, despite the loathing it inspires among so many Americans, New York continues to
import bright young people, who give the city so much of its vitality. The predominant position
of New York in American life, however, was by no means preordained by geography or
history. The city began its rise in the 1820s because of a particular set of circumstances, and
there are plenty of signs today that New York’s position is rapidly eroding.

In 1776, it seemed likely that Philadelphia would become the economic, cultural, and political
capital of America, and that it would become as central to the life of the new nation as London,
Paris, or Vienna were in their respective nations. Philadelphia’s population of 30,000 at the end
of the colonial period ranked the city as the third largest in the British Empire. It was America’s
greatest seaport and the broad gate of entry for most immigrants. It was, probably, the most
refined and cosmopolitan city in the colonies. Philadelphia was home to a college, the
American Philosophical Society, the largest community of first-rate doctors in America, an
impressive number of scientists and intellectuals, and, not least, Ben Franklin. When the
Continental Congress chose to meet in Philadelphia, the city became the political capital of the
colonies.

Philadelphia continued to grow after 1776, but New York grew faster and finally surpassed
Philadelphia, becoming America’s largest city by 1820. Philadelphia’s population went above
100,000 in 1820 and stood at 161,000 by 1830. New York, however, grew from 123,000 in 1820
to 202,000 in 1830. By that time it was apparent that New York would become the great
metropolis of America.

New York became predominant for several reasons. It possessed a more capacious harbor than
Philadelphia, and New York merchants may have been more aggressive. In 1816, England
arbitrarily chose to dump her tremendous inventory of unsold goods in New York, a considerable
boon to local merchants. Most of all, the Erie Canal made New York City great.

The key to commercial prosperity was the import-export trade with England. In order to dress
properly, a respectable woman in the early nineteenth century wore about one hundred yards of
material, usually woolen or cotton, nearly all of which came from England through an American
seaport. Americans paid for their underskirts with flour sent to England through an American
seaport. The Erie Canal gave the lion’s share of this trade to New York City. Merchant houses in
New York City received orders from country stores for dry goods, ironware, and a thousand
other imports from all along the route of the canal, all along the shores of Lake Erie, and from
deep in the Northwest Territory. And with those orders, they sent barrels of flour. In 1820, New
York shipped less flour than Baltimore or Philadelphia, but by 1827, New York sent out more
flour than both cities combined.

New York’s increasing trade in dry goods and flour created a need not only for dock workers,
but for commission merchants, scriveners, auditors, brokers, and bankers. In 1816, Philadelphia

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Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved.
had been the financial capital of the United States, but by 1828, the New York Customs House
collected enough revenue to pay all the daily expenses of the federal government, and by 1860,
New York had more bankers than the rest of the nation. Success, of course, breeds success. The
ancillary services that had grown up around the port of New York made the city even more
attractive to shippers. New York became the great entrepot of the cotton trade. And just as
cargo ships entered America by way of New York, so did immigrants. By 1830, New York
received thirteen immigrants for every one that arrived in Philadelphia.

It is hard to see how Philadelphia, with its air of refinement, could ever have become the capital
of a society so inchoate, so pulsing, so vibrant as was early nineteenth-century America. New
York was a better symbol of the new nation, but even New York failed to become the Paris of
America. New York grew so large, so rich, so sophisticated, and so foreign, that the city soon
appeared to most Americans, and to most New Yorkers as well, as a world apart.

RELIVING THE PAST

Lafayette was only one of the great number of foreign visitors who came to observe and report
on America between the War of 1812 and the Civil War. Everyone realized that the United
States was in the process of creating a new and different society. Nearly all Americans were
optimistic about the results; Europeans, however, varied in their opinions, as indicated by the
accounts of Charles Dickens and Frances Trollope.

Dickens, with his ability to draw pictures in prose, gives a poignant description of the Eastern
Penitentiary in Philadelphia, a humane attempt to reform criminals by placing them in solitary
confinement. Dickens encountered a man who had lived in such confinement, in the same cell,
for eleven years. When Dickens spoke to the prisoner, he remained silent, intent upon picking the
flesh on his fingers. This can be found in Dickens’s American Notes. The 1968 Peter Smith
reprint (Gloucester, Massachusetts) has a good introduction by Christopher Lasch. Barnaby
Rudge is also interesting reading, especially those sections that deal with Barnaby’s sojourn in
the United States. It is a good example of Dickens’s art in creating fiction out of his personal
experiences.

Frances Trollope threw a refreshing dose of cold water on everything American. Her description
of a “literary” conversation in Cincinnati with a scholar who was too prudish to mention the title
of Pope’s Rape of the Lock, and her description of the House of Representatives, its members
wearing hats, spitting, and slouched in their seats, are amusing and insightful. They can be found
in Frances Trollope’s Domestic Manners of the Americans. The most recent edition was the 80th
published by Penguin Books in 1997.

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Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved.
A REVOLUTIONARY HERO REVISITS AMERICA IN 1824

The author uses Lafayette’s visit to the United States to introduce a description of the great
changes that had occurred in the fifty years since the Declaration of Independence. New lands
were being opened to settlement, a transportation “revolution” was taking place, and a mood of
confidence prevailed.

EXPANSION AND MIGRATION

After 1815 the American people shifted their attention from Europe and began to look westward.
They saw a rich, unsettled continent, still held in part by the English, Spanish, and Indians.

?
WHAT key forces drove American expansion westward during this period?
Westward expansion was fueled by the ambition to expand American territories and to
economically exploit and develop the Far West. The First Seminole War gave Monroe and
Adams a chance to push Spain from the southeast under the Adams-Onís Treaty, while
entrepreneurs established a fur trade in the North and an aggressive “removal” policy forced
Indian tribes from the South.

Extending the Boundaries: John Quincy Adams, secretary of state from 1816 to 1824,
deserves the most credit for expanding the nation’s boundaries during that period. Taking
advantage of Spain’s decline, Adams negotiated two treaties: the Adams-Onís Treaty and the
Transcontinental Treaty. Under the terms of these treaties, the United States secured all of
Florida and reached as far as the Pacific. In terms of actual settlement, however, the “West”
was still east of the Mississippi River.

Native American Societies Under Pressure: Almost 60,000 Indians lived in the southeast
in 1815, most of whom had adopted a “civilized” way of life, including agriculture and
slavery. Nevertheless, the United States government was determined to move them beyond
the Mississippi River so that their land could be given to Whites. The Indians resisted in
different ways. The Cherokees in a sense became more “White.” They wrote a constitution
modeled on the United States Constitution, and adopted a written language. The Seminoles
chose to take up arm and fought a series of “wars” with the United States army. Neither
method was successful.

TRANSPORTATION AND THE MARKET ECONOMY

Two important and interrelated developments marked this era: rapid improvement in
transportation and the increasing use of money and credit in the economy. In 1812 the new
country was still disconnected, and leaders realized a better transportation system was necessary.

?
HOW did developments in transportation support the growth of agriculture and
manufacturing?
New turnpikes, steamboats, and eventually railroads expanded the access of farmers and
small manufacturers to a regional and even national market. Farmers began to produce staple

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crops to sell rather than subsistence crops for their own families. Textile factories developed to
turn southern cotton into clothing. In the North industrialization increased efficiency but required
workers to crowd into factories for long hours.

Roads and Steamboats: In an effort to “conquer space,” the national government built the
National Road, from Cumberland, Maryland, to Wheeling, then in Virginia. In addition, a
whole web of turnpikes came into existence, built by private entrepreneurs. Usually,
however, the roads did not return a profit, and, though beneficial to the public, they lost their
attraction for investors. Nature blessed the United States with a network of rivers that
constituted a natural transportation system that greatly encouraged America’s economic
development. Flatboats carried cargo from the upper Mississippi and Ohio Valley to New
Orleans, and all along the lower stretches of the great river, cotton planters built their wharfs.
Flatboats traveled in only one direction, with the flow of the river, but, after 1811,
steamboats churned the waters of the West and drove transportation costs down. The
steamboat, actually less important than the flatboat, stirred a sense of romance in the
American people. Congress even abandoned its usual hands-off policy toward private
enterprise to regulate safety standards on the great paddle-wheeler. No river and no road
linked East and West before the state of New York, led by Governor De Witt Clinton, built
the Erie Canal between Albany and Buffalo. Even before its completion in 1825, the canal
was an enormous success. Easterners and westerners paid less for one another’s goods as a
result, and New York City grew rapidly as a commercial center. Other states, such as
Pennsylvania, Ohio, and Michigan also build elaborate canal systems.

Emergence of a Market Economy: The revolution in transportation had a decisive effect on

agriculture. Lower transportation costs meant greater income for the farmer. The sale of a
farmer’s produce to distant markets meant participation in a complex system of credit. The
greatest profits went to those who switched from mixed farming to a single crop. Agriculture
in general became generalized by region. The Ohio Valley became a major wheat-producing
area, but the most spectacular success was in the Deep South when it turned to cotton.
Several factors were responsible, such as the invention of the cotton gin, increased demand,
and the extensive use of slave labor.

Early Industrialism: Manufacturing increased after the War of 1812, but most
manufacturing was still done at home; what changed was the way the process was financed.
Merchants owned the raw materials, which they “put out” to farm families. Only in the
textile industry did a fully developed factory system emerge. The most spectacular example
was the complex operated by the Boston Manufacturing Company at Lowell, Massachusetts.
The increasing success of industry in New England prompted business people in that area to
shift their investments from shipping to manufacturing, and the politicians there began to pay
more attention to ways in which government could aid industry. Even so, America was not
yet an industrial nation; it was the growth of a market economy of national scope that was the
major economic development of the period.

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THE POLITICS OF NATION BUILDING AFTER THE WAR OF 1812

Conflicts of interest grew as the nation grew. Monroe’s two terms in office were called the “Era
of Good Feelings,” though dissension was brewing. An important theme in politics of the period
was a growing nationalism.

?
WHAT decisions faced the federal government as the country expanded?
The government decided whether new states would allow slavery, how the Supreme Court
would function, and how the United States would deal with the European powers. The
Missouri Compromise established the 36° 30'; line dividing slave states from free states, while
the Court became the supreme Constitutional interpreter. The Monroe Doctrine held that the
United States and Europe should each control their respective hemispheres.

The Missouri Compromise: The Missouri controversy arose when the Missouri territorial
assembly applied for statehood in 1817. Missouri would be a slave state, and many
northerners already resented what they believed to be the South’s over-representation in the
House of Representatives. James Tallmadge of New York persuaded the House to reject
Missouri’s application unless it abolished slavery. The South considered Missouri’s
admission crucial, because at that time there were eleven slave states and eleven free states.
The South feared any change in this balance. Congress debated the issue in December 1819
and worked out a compromise. Missouri was allowed to become a slave state, but Maine was
also allowed statehood as a free state. More important, Congress banned slavery from any
part of the Louisiana Purchase (except for Missouri) above the latitude of 36°30'. Even more
important, the Missouri controversy demonstrated a fundamental rift between North and
South.

Postwar Nationalism and the Supreme Court: Between 1801 and 1835, John Marshall
served as chief justice of the Supreme Court and used his position to encourage the growth of
the nation. Because he believed that the Constitution existed to protect the industrious, whose
exertions to enrich themselves would benefit the entire nation, he sought to protect individual
property rights against government interference, especially from the state legislatures. In a
series of decisions, Marshall limited the powers of the states, usually by holding them to a
strict observance of contracts.

Nationalism in Foreign Policy: The Monroe Doctrine: When Spain’s colonies in Latin
America rose in rebellion, the United States responded favorably toward the new nations. In
Europe, however, the ruling classes feared that rebellion might prove contagious, and France
was encouraged to squelch Spain’s rebellious colonies and, perhaps, to keep them for France.
Neither Great Britain nor the United States would tolerate French involvement in Latin
American affairs, and England asked the United States to cooperate in preventing it. John
Quincy Adams persuaded President Monroe that the United States alone should guarantee the
independence of Mexico and the states in South and Central America. In 1823, Monroe
issued the Monroe Doctrine, warning European nations to stay out of the Western
Hemisphere. The Monroe Doctrine had no real effect when it was first proclaimed, but
indicated America’s growing self-confidence. In promising not to interfere in European

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 internal affairs, America detached itself from worldwide struggles against tyranny and
betrayed part of its revolutionary heritage. The shift of American focus from Europe to
national affairs was one of the important themes of the period following the War of 1812.
Americans now looked inward and liked what they saw.

CONCLUSION: THE END OF THE “ERA OF GOOD FEELING”

In its tremendous expansion, the United States developed a host of contending interests, many of
which expected the government to favor them. The “era of good feelings” could not last.

73
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved.
 74
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved.
Another random document with
no related content on Scribd:
ettekä ymmärrä, kun te kuulette merenhenkien toistavan
ulapan äärillä tuskani, ahdistukseni, hulluuteni iankaikkisen
huudon:

— Kalypso,
ihana ja tunnoton —
hän joka lupaa minulle
kuolemattomuuden
ja ikuisen nuoruuden lahjan
hyväilläkseen minua
syöjätär-rakkaudella
ja imeäkseen voimaani
aikojen loppuun —
hän on nostanut luonnon
minua vastaan,
eroittanut minut
haahdettomin rannoin
ja poluttomin merin
kaikesta, mitä minä ikävöin,
ja ruoskinut minua ytimiin saakka
kaipauksella,
joka on raateleva,
turha
ja toivoton
ja kuolemaa hirvittävämpi.
PARTAALLA

Minä pelkään huoneessani. Minä pelkään ikkunaa ja

ihmisvarjoja, joita kuin liskoja, matelijoita se seiniin heijastaa.

Minä pelkään katsoa oveen.

Ovi aukee pimeään —
ripa kääntyä vois ja tulla
ne joille ei nimiä mulla,
ne joita mä unissa nään…

Ja myöskin seiniä pelkään.

Näen äkkiä vavahtain:
nehän mitään eivät kestä,
nehän ketään eivät estä —
ovat himmeä seitti vain.

Kuin vieraan hengitys, yöllä

joka lapsen säikyttää,
niin lävitse seinieni,
minut nauliten vuoteelleni,
Jokin hiipii, jota en nää.
 Hänen — Kauhean läsnäolon
minä tunnen. Tunnen sen.
Ja henkiä vartiossa
on huoneessani, jossa
minä enää elä en.

Ja tuskin hengitänkään.
Olen jähmetys, pelko vain.
Sana äänetön: Armahtakaa!
Sokon tuijotus luomien takaa
yli kaikkeus-ulappain,

jotk' ajatukseni vasta

tänä hetkenä aavistaa.
Hätäsignaali: Missä, missä
on väylä löydettävissä?
Ja onko Jumalaa? —

Ei kukaan, kukaan vastaa.

— Kuin vierelle vuotehen
kävis Kuolema otaa nostain.
Kuin kaukaa, kaukaa jostain
sois pauhina kuilujen.
AUTIO MAA

Sieluni maa on ääretön niinkuin Aasia, autio jäämeren lailla.

Harmaata hiekkaa, hiekkaa ja harmaita paasia kaikkea
kasvua vailla.

Aikoja sitten jäljet on karavaanien hiekka ahminut siellä.

Kangastus mikään ei näy luoksensa maanien katseen tyhjällä
tiellä.

Sieluni maahan pilvi on varjon heittänyt kauas lännestä

itään. Viimeinen lintu siivellä päänsä on peittänyt. Ei ole
elävää mitään.
LAPSEN KEHTO

Lapsen kehto — valtakunta suurin: siinä nukkuu pieni

äärettömyys.

Salaperäinen on kehto keinuessaan: siinä tuuditellaan

tulevaisuus. Siinä odottavat kapaloissaan kaikki voimat, kaikki
tapahtumat, kaikki viattomuus, kaikki synnit, koko mystillinen
ihmiselo.

Vaviskaamme lasta, lapsen kättä.

Hän on kerran punnitseva meidät.
Lapsi leikkii huolettomin käsin
nimillämme unohduksen leikin.
PALLOKENTÄLLÄ

Näin: pallokentän laitaan eräs rampa poikanen oli seisahtanut

alle sen suuren lehmuksen.

Hän seisoi nurmikolla,

nojas kainalosauvoihin,
pelin tiimellystä katsoi
hän silmin kuumeisin.

Yli aurinkoisen hiekan,

johon lehmus varjon loi,
moni riemukas huuto kiiri,
moni kirkas nauru soi.

Pojat juoksivat notkein säärin

yli pallokentän sen.
Eräs seisoi hievahtamatta,
eräs raajarikkoinen.

Mut hänkään totisesti

ei muistanut sauvojaan.
Oli haltioitunut hehku
hänen kalpeilla kasvoillaan.
 Ilost', innosta värähtelevän
hänen sieraintensa näin
joka kerta, kun maila pallon
löi puidenlatvoja päin.

Rajaviivan takaa milloin

joku uskalsi juosta pois,
oli niinkuin lehmuksen alta
eräs myöskin juossut ois —

kuin jättänyt ramman ruumiin olis sielu poikasen ja

syöksynyt kilpasille kera toisten, riemuiten.

Hän askelen astui — — mutta

kuin unesta havahtain
näki itsensä… Oikea jalka
oli kuihtunut tynkä vain.

Pojat juoksivat notkein säärin

yli pallokentän sen,
mut lehmuksen alla seisoi
eräs raajarikkoinen,

joka, ruumis tärisevänä, iho harmaana kääntyi pois kuin

ruskean nutun alla sydän pakahtunut ois. —

Yhä riemukas huuto kiiri, yhä kirkas nauru soi yli

aurinkoisen hiekan johon lehmus varjon loi.
PILVILAULU

Hetket liitävät niinkuin pilvet vainioitten yli. Kaikkien pilvien

takaa aukee ahnas Tyhjän syli.

Ei ole mitään armahdusta

sille, mi elää tohti,
sille, mi lentää perhossiivin
Päivän silmiä kohti.

Mikä on rientänyt korkeimmalle,

korkeimmalta se putoo.
Kuolema niittää vainionsa.
Lukki verkkonsa kutoo.
MARTTYYRIT

Näen heidät ylitse ajan ja paikan: kivitettyinä, ristinpuussa,

rovioilla ja giljotiinilla, kiväärinpiippujen edessä ja
sähkötuoleissa. Heillä on yllänsä harmaa vanginpuku tai
kirjava kaapu. Ja sotamiehet heittävät arpaa siitä. Heidän on
kuoltava, jotta me emme kuolisi.

Katso — he loistavat: he ovat hiili ja kytevät sielusta

sieluun, he ovat soihtu ja valaisevat aikojen kuilua, he ovat
vaskinen käärme ja veri pihtipielissä ja sateenkaari
vedenpaisumuksen yllä.

Heidän kuolemansa elämä on loppumaton. Heidät

haudataan koko maailman povelle, tulevien aikojen syliin.
PALAVA LAULU

Polun talvisen päähän päätyi

ja hangelle jääksi jäätyi
eräs vaeltaja täältä.
— Mut laulu soi hänen päänsä päältä.

Se soi ja — hulmuten paloi.

Ja nukkujan otsalle valoi
se seppelen tulta.
Tuli taivaalle nous. Jäi maahan multa.
HOLLANTILAINEN

Näit edessäsi unet kultaiset kuin tornit, uponneina aallon alle.

— Nyt takanas on päivät mennehet kuin laivan vanat, kuolleet
ulapalle.

Öin ylläs, allas tähtiparvi on

kuin verkon silmukoissa tuhat kalaa.
Mut kuolleen-harmaa, tyhjän-toivoton
on meren erämaa, kun aamu palaa.

Niin sadat ajast'ajat vaeltain

samosit meren salaisuutta kohti.
Edessä silmiesi hourivain
se paetessaan väikkyi — Tyhjään johti.

Et aavain kimallusta vanginnut,

ei tähtiarkuin lastattuna laivas.
Oi unten-kalastaja, uupunut
oot oma varjos. Sua ilkkuu taivas.

— Mut yhä edessäsi kimmeltäin

on merta, kaupunkeja aallon alla.
Käy kätes ruoriin: keula niitä päin!
Taas sata vuotta kuljet ulapalla.
POIKANI

Minun poikani — syntymätön ja uneksittu vain — tänä

hetkenä hiljaisena olet luonani majassain.

Työpöytäni reunaa vasten

näen leukasi, pikkumies.
Olet ollut siinä jo hetken
tahi kauankin, kukaties.

Mua suuret lapsensilmäs

puronkirkkaina katsovat.
Kovin avuttoman kätes
sinä minulle ojennat.

Sanot hiljaa sanan: Isä.

Ei mitään enempää.
Kun tahdon tarttua kätees,
se äkkiä häviää.

Mut on kuin näkymättään

yhä kutsuis se: Tännepäin!
— Minun poikani, silmissäsi
oman ikuisuuteni näin,
 sen ainoan, joka pysyy,
kun itse lahoan,
ja sen ikuisuuden vuoksi
minä sinua rakastan.

Minä tunnen: Kuolema kerran

kun vie minut Tyhjää päin,
jos pienet sormesi silloin
olen tunteva kädessäin

ja jos, poikani, virkat vielä sanan pienen, hiljaisen, en

pelkää astua enää Olemattoman piiriin, en.
KOHTALO

Sinun voimasi kietoi minut — sinä tuntemattomin — kuin ois

mua kahlehtinut käsi julman enkelin.

Kuin hartioilleni pantu

olis paino vuorien
ja otsalleni rantu
kova taottu, rautainen.

Niin uuvutit sydäntäni,

väen riistit kädestäin.
Olit varjo vierelläni,
uniss' yölläkin sinut näin.

Oli päiväni kuin tuhat vuotta,

kun painin kanssas sun.
— En paininut kanssasi suotta:
tänä päivänä siunaat mun!

Tänä päivänä tunnen vasta:

kätes oikein lyönyt on.
Nyt en lakkaa siunaamasta
sua, voima Kohtalon:
 Teit silmäni janooviksi,
nälän kasvatit sydämeen,
minut uuvutit varjoin — siksi
olen valmis kirkkauteen.

Tänä päivänä armon annat taas virrata kädestäs. Kuin

vaakalintu kannat minut riemuun siivilläs.
MINÄ

(Ernst Josephson)

Nämä silmät itkevät verta vuoks syntien pusertuvaa, vuoks

kaiken, mi haavoitti kerta sydänparkaa — ja haavoittaa.

Tämän kohtalon syy ei kukaan.

Elon virtaa tottelen vain
oman tulvani suunnan mukaan,
padot, telkimet musertain.

Olen huoleti kulkeva suureen maan sylihin paluutien;

epäjumalten rovion juureen nimen, maineen nauraen vien.
RAKKAUS

(Eduard Mörike)

Kun armaan suuta suutelet, sun janoos ei se riitä: jos vettä

seulaan kaatanet, ei täyty seula siitä. Ja vaikka tuhatvuotiset
ois suudelmas, tai ikuiset, saat niukasti sa niitä!

Sun rakkautes aaltoilee ain' uusin halun muodoin. Ja

huulet, suun, mi suutelee, se punaa verenvuodoin.

Ja tyttö vaikka vapisee

kuin vohla veitsen alla,
hän pyytää, silmin rukoilee:
— Kivulla suuremmalla!

Niin on. Ja samoin ollut jo on alust' elämän. Niin rakasti jo

Salomo, ei muuta voinut hän.
YÖSSÄ

Kohu tuulen ja sateen

ja kaukaisen raitiovaunun.
Ei mitään muuta.

Katukuilun toisella puolen

on kahdessa ikkunassa
hyvin keltainen valo.

Ja huuruista ruutua hipoo jonkun häilyvän oksan varjo kuin

ihmisen käsi.

— Mutta keskellä pimeyttä minun huoneeni elää: kuin

simpukka syvyydessä tai sykkivä sydän.

Se on saiturin lipas: salaista iloa täynnä.

Sen ilma on kuiskauksista vapiseva ja katseista kirkas

niinkuin kasteinen aamu.

Sen matolla leikkii vielä pienten jalkojen muisto.

Ja vuoteella viipyy kuva poissaolevan, nuoren, lämpimän

ruumiin niinkuin Kauneus itse.
 Ja katsomattani näen oven äsken nielemät kasvot ja
värisen niitä.