(CHEM) Chemical Reactions
(CHEM) Chemical Reactions
X
→ = catalyst + = combines
1. formation of a precipitate*
2. formation of a gas
H2S Any sulfide (salt of S2-) plus any acid form H2S(g) and a salt.
Solid iron(II) sulfide is mixed with hydrochloric acid.
CO2 Any carbonate (salt of CO32-) plus any acid form CO2(g), H2O,
and a salt.
Potassium carbonate is reacted with nitric acid.
SO2 Any sulfite (salt of SO32-) plus any acid form SO2(g), H2O, and
a salt.
Sodium sulfite is combined with hydrochloric acid.
NH3 Any ammonium salt (salt of NH4+) plus any soluble strong
hydroxide react upon heating to form NH3(g), H2O, and a salt.
Ammonium chloride is mixed with sodium hydroxide.
Workshop on Gas Formation Reactions:
Write the formulas to show the reactants and products for the following
laboratory situations described below. Assume that solutions are aqueous unless
otherwise indicated. Write NR if no reaction occurs.
One mole of hydrogen ions will react with one mole of hydroxide
ions to produce one mole of water. Diprotic (acids with two
ionizable hydrogens) and triprotic (acids with three ionizable
hydrogens) acids will only be encountered selectively in this course!
The last set of reactions that we will cover involve the transfer of
electrons between reactants. Such reactions are called oxidation-
reduction reactions, or REDOX.
Ca → Ca+2 + 2e-
OXIDATION/REDUCTION
F2 + 2e- → 2F-
10. Gold metal will not dissolve in either concentrated nitric acid or concentrated
hydrochloric acid. It will dissolve, however, in aqua regia, a mixture of the two
concentrated acids. The products of the reaction are the AuCl4- ion and gaseous
NO. Write a balanced equation for the dissolution of gold in aqua regia.
Additional Practice Problems
Predict and balance (include net ionic if applicable) the following
reactions, making sure to include the phases of all reactants and products
where possible. Write NR if No Reaction occurs.
1. Sodium metal is added to a container of iodine vapor.