Work, Energy and Power: Camille V. Semilla Mark C. Tawiran
Work, Energy and Power: Camille V. Semilla Mark C. Tawiran
AND POWER
Camille V. Semilla
Mark C. Tawiran
WORK
Work results when a force acts upon an object to
cause a displacement (or a motion) or, in some
instances, to hinder a motion. Three variables are of
importance in this definition - force, displacement,
and the extent to which the force causes or hinders
the displacement. Each of these three variables find
their way into the equation for work.
Formula:
Work = Force Displacement
Cosine(theta)
W = F d cos ( theta )
POWER
Power is defined as the rate at which work is done
upon an object. Like all rate quantities, power is a
time-based quantity. Power is related to how fast
a job is done. Two identical jobs or tasks can be
done at different rates - one slowly or and one
rapidly. The work is the same in each case (since
they are identical jobs) but the power is different.
Formula:
Power = Work / time
P=W/t
ENERGY
POTENTIAL ENERGY
Potential energy is the stored energy of position.
In this set of problems, we will be most concerned
with the stored energy due to the vertical position
of an object within Earth's gravitational field.
Such energy is known as the gravitational
potential energy (PEgrav).
FORMULA:
PEgrav= mgh
wheremis the mass of the object (with standard units of
kilograms),gis the acceleration of gravity (9.8 m/s/s) andhis
the height of the object (with standard units of meters) above
some arbitraily defined zero level (such as the ground or the
top of a lab table in a physics room).
KINETIC ENERGY
Kinetic energy is defined as the energy
possessed by an object due to its motion.
An object must be moving to possess
kinetic energy. The amount of kinetic
energy (KE) possessed by a moving object
is dependent upon mass and speed.
Formula
KE = 0.5 m v2
wheremis the mass of the object (with
standard units of kilograms) andvis the speed
of the object (with standard units of m/s).
PROBLEMS
a) 5.35 x 105J
b) 2.35 x 104J
c) 2.35 x 105J
d) 5.35 x 104J
a) 5.35 x 105J
b) 2.35 x 104J
c) 2.35 x 105J *
d) 5.35 x 104J
a) 103 m
b) 101 m
c) 104 m
d) 102 m
a) 103 m*
b) 101 m
c) 104 m
d) 102 m
a) 1.1 m/s
b) 1.2 m/s
c) 2.1 m/s
d) 1.0 m/s
a) 1.1 m/s*
b) 1.2 m/s
c) 2.1 m/s
d) 1.0 m/s
a) 2.52 x 103J
b) 2.42 x 104J
c) 2.32 x 103J
d) 2.42 x 103J
a) 2.52 x 103J
b) 2.42 x 104J
c) 2.32 x 103J
d) 2.42 x 103J*
a) 6.60 m
b) 5.60 m
c) 5.50 m
d) 6.50m
a) 6.60 m
b) 5.60 m*
c) 5.50 m
d) 6.50m
a) 85.0 m/s
b) 80.0 m/s
c) 90.0 m/s
d) 95.0 m/s
a) 85.0 m/s*
b) 80.0 m/s
c) 90.0 m/s
d) 95.0 m/s
a) 1.51 x 105 N
b) 2.51 x 104N
c) 1.51 x 104N
d) 2.51 x 105N
a) 1.51 x 105 N
b) 2.51 x 104N
c) 1.51 x 104N*
d) 2.51 x 105N
a) 14 m
b) 0.14 m
c) 1.4 m
d) 140 m
a) 14 m
b) 0.14 m
c) 1.4 m*
d) 140 m
10. Pete Zaria works on weekends at Barnaby's Pizza Parlor. His primary
responsibility is to fill drink orders for customers. He fills a pitcher full of
Cola, places it on the counter top and gives the 2.6-kg pitcher a 8.8 N
forward push over a distance of 48 cm to send it to a customer at the end
of the counter. The coefficient of friction between the pitcher and the
counter top is 0.28.
I. Determine the work done by Pete on the pitcher during the 48 cm.
a)
b)
c)
d)
4.2 J
5.2 J
6.2 J
7.2 J
-3.5 J
-3.6 J
-3.3 J
-3.4 J
0.9 J
0.8 J
0.7 J
0.6 J
IV. Determine the kinetic energy of the pitcher when Pete is done
pushing it.
a) 0.9 J
b) 0.8 J
c) 0.7 J
d) 0.6 J
10. Pete Zaria works on weekends at Barnaby's Pizza Parlor. His primary
responsibility is to fill drink orders for customers. He fills a pitcher full of
Cola, places it on the counter top and gives the 2.6-kg pitcher a 8.8 N
forward push over a distance of 48 cm to send it to a customer at the end
of the counter. The coefficient of friction between the pitcher and the
counter top is 0.28.
I. Determine the work done by Pete on the pitcher during the 48 cm.
a)
b)
c)
d)
4.2 J*
5.2 J
6.2 J
7.2 J
-3.5 J
-3.6 J
-3.3 J
-3.4 J*
0.9 J
0.8 J*
0.7 J
0.6 J
IV. Determine the kinetic energy of the pitcher when Pete is done
pushing it.
a) 0.9 J
b) 0.8 J*
c) 0.7 J
d) 0.6 J