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  • GST222 Sociological Dimension of Conflict

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    Igbereyivwe Tejiri
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    The document defines sociology and conflict, outlines common forms and types of conflict, and discusses the causes and outcomes of conflict. It notes that sociology studies how human interaction and group dynamics can lead to conflict, but also that conflict can produce positive outcomes like social change or negative outcomes like violence. The key takeaway is that conflict is an inevitable part of human social interaction due to differences in interests, resources, and perspectives among individuals and groups.

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    The document defines sociology and conflict, outlines common forms and types of conflict, and discusses the causes and outcomes of conflict. It notes that sociology studies how human interaction and group dynamics can lead to conflict, but also that conflict can produce positive outcomes like social change or negative outcomes like violence. The key takeaway is that conflict is an inevitable part of human social interaction due to differences in interests, resources, and perspectives among individuals and groups.

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    106 views21 pages

    GST222 Sociological Dimension of Conflict

    Uploaded by

    Igbereyivwe Tejiri
    The document defines sociology and conflict, outlines common forms and types of conflict, and discusses the causes and outcomes of conflict. It notes that sociology studies how human interaction and group dynamics can lead to conflict, but also that conflict can produce positive outcomes like social change or negative outcomes like violence. The key takeaway is that conflict is an inevitable part of human social interaction due to differences in interests, resources, and perspectives among individuals and groups.

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    of 21

    Covenant University

    GST 222 LECTURE


    Topic: Sociological Dimension of Conflict
    By

    Dr (Mrs) Tayo George


    24/1/19
    Outline
    • Defining Sociology
    • Defining Conflict
    • Forms of Conflict
    • Common types of Conflict
    • Positive Outcomes of Conflict
    • Negative Outcomes of Conflict
    • Causes of Conflict
    • Concluding Remarks
    Defining Sociology
    Defining Sociology
    • Sociology is a scientific study of human
    societies.
    • Sociology places more emphasis on human
    actions, activities and relationship which are
    social in nature.
    • Sociology seeks to understand how one
    activity, or aspect of social life influences or
    impact on the other.
    Defining Sociology
    Sociologists are interested in social interaction
    among groups i.e ways in which people act
    toward, respond to and influence one another.
    Sociologists concentrates on the group because
    human behaviour is largely shaped by the
    group to which people belong.
    Example of groups include: A group of
    friends(clique), a family, A University
    community (CU) and Nigerian Bar Association
    (NBA) etc.
    The major focus of Sociology is on the
    group and not the individual as such.
    Defining Conflict
    • Scholars are of diverse views as regards the
    definition, causes and implications conflict
    have for a group, organizations and the
    society at large which represent the
    laboratory of the Sociologists.
    • One of the earliest definitions of conflict was
    by Karl Marx (1818-1883), a conflict theorists ,
    define conflict as a result of divergent
    interests within a group or as a result of each
    group trying to pursue their various interests
    they come against one another, hence conflict
    emerges.
    Defining Conflict
    Defining Conflict Contd.
    • Marvin (1968)- Conflict can arise in any social
    situation in which two or more actors interact.
    • Marvin view conflict at that which does occur when
    there is a discord or opposition between two or
    more actors within the process of social
    organization.
    • Burton (1987) on his part views conflict as an
    essential creative element in human relations.
    • Burton like Marx concur that if conflict is
    suppressed, society will become static.
    Defining Conflict Contd.
    • Durham (1984) supports Burton’s view that conflict
    is not always bad for groups or organizations, but
    can provide the needed change for organizations.

    • Imobighe (1993) defines conflict as a condition of


    disharmony in an interactional process.
    Defining Conflict Contd.

    • Conflict is the direct result of a clash of interest by


    the parties involved in an interactional process.
    • Conflict is as a result of the pursuit of incompatible
    ends or the use of incompatible means to pursue
    desired goals by the parties.
    • This definition is the most sociological.
    • It emphasis on clash of interest among parties in an
    interactional process.
    Forms of Conflict
    • Two forms of conflict are easily identifiable in the
    literature:
    • Violent Conflict e.g Revolution, Terrorism (Boko
    Haram Insurgence, Fulani Herdsmen attack), War,
    Genocide etc.
    • Non-Violent Conflict such as Peaceful
    demonstration, Strikes, Lock-out, Work–to-rule etc.
    Common types of Conflict
    • Political conflict
    • Organizational conflict
    • Intellectual/Ideological Conflict
    • Culture conflict
    • Religious conflict
    • Ethnic and Racial Conflict (Rwandan Genocide)
    • Work and Family Conflicts
    Positive Outcomes of Conflict
    • Some positive outcomes of conflict:
    • (i) Conflict can provide the needed change in
    an organisation
    • (ii) Increased group cohesion
    • (iii) Cooperation
    • (iv) Generate creative new ideas
    • (v) Serve important group function
    Negative Outcomes of Conflict
    • Decreased Performance
    • Decreased Cohesion
    • Decreased Satisfaction
    • Sabotage
    • Physical Aggression
    • Destruction of lives and properties
    Negative Outcomes of Conflict
    Causes of Conflict
    • Unequal distribution of resources (Natural,
    human and financial).- the manner in which
    financial resources for instance are distributed to
    individuals or groups can generate conflict.
    • A form of competition for the scarce resources
    always ensues between different parties.
    • Bias/stereotypes
    • Discrimination
    • Distrust/Betrayal
    Fazit
    • Sociology is interested in conflict studies
    because conflict is part and parcel of every
    human society.
    • Kelly (1969) opines that conflict is inevitable
    as it can be recognized and accepted as
    integral to any human encounter.
    • Conflict is a necessary element in Change.
    Final Note
     Although conflict cannot be totally eradicated
    in the society or among individuals/groups
    with opposing viewpoints, it can be checked,
    and reduced to the barest minimum.
     Peaceful negotiation and dialogue has been
    found to be very useful instead of
    confrontations/conflicts.  

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