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  • 3 - Early Codes

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    Jovie Masongsong
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    The document discusses early legal codes from various ancient civilizations. It describes the Code of Hammurabi from ancient Babylon, considered the oldest known legal code. It also discusses the Justinian Code and Twelve Tables from ancient Rome, as well as the Code of Draco from ancient Greece. The document then briefly mentions the Burgundian Code from 500 AD that specified punishments according to social class. Finally, it provides context about early codes in the Philippine setting, such as the Code of Kalantiao and Maragtas Code.

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    The document discusses early legal codes from various ancient civilizations. It describes the Code of Hammurabi from ancient Babylon, considered the oldest known legal code. It also discusses the Justinian Code and Twelve Tables from ancient Rome, as well as the Code of Draco from ancient Greece. The document then briefly mentions the Burgundian Code from 500 AD that specified punishments according to social class. Finally, it provides context about early codes in the Philippine setting, such as the Code of Kalantiao and Maragtas Code.

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    4K views9 pages

    3 - Early Codes

    Uploaded by

    Jovie Masongsong
    The document discusses early legal codes from various ancient civilizations. It describes the Code of Hammurabi from ancient Babylon, considered the oldest known legal code. It also discusses the Justinian Code and Twelve Tables from ancient Rome, as well as the Code of Draco from ancient Greece. The document then briefly mentions the Burgundian Code from 500 AD that specified punishments according to social class. Finally, it provides context about early codes in the Philippine setting, such as the Code of Kalantiao and Maragtas Code.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 9

    Early Codes

    • Babylonian and Sumerian Codes


    • Roman and Greek Codes
    • The Burgundian Code
    1. Babylonian and Sumerian Codes

    a. Code of King Hammurabi (Hammurabic


    Code) – Babylon, about 1990 BC, this was
    credited as the oldest code prescribing
    savage punishment, but in fact, Sumerian
    codes were nearly one hundred years older.
    2. Roman and Greek Codes

    a. Justinian Code– 6th C A.D. , Emperor Justinian


    of Rome wrote his code of law. An effort to match a
    desirable amount of punishment to all possible
    crimes. However, the law did not survive due to the
    fall of the Roman Empire but left a foundation of
    Western legal codes.
    The Twelve Tables (XII Tabulae), (451-450 BC) –
    This represented the earliest codification of
    Roman law incorporated into the Justinian Code.
    It is the foundation of all public and private law
    of the Romans until the time of Justinian. It is
    also a collection of legal principles engraved on
    metal tablets and set up on the forum.
    b. Greek Code of Draco – In Greece, the Code
    of Draco, a harsh code that provides the same
    punishment for both citizens and the slaves as
    it incorporates primitive concepts (Vengeance,
    Blood Feuds). The Greeks were the first society
    to allow any citizen to prosecute the offender in
    the name of the injured party.
    3. The Burgundian Code (500 A.D) – This
    has specified punishment according to the
    social class of offenders, dividing them into:
    nobles, middle class and lower class and
    specifying the value of the life of each person
    according to social status.
    Early Codes (Philippine Setting)

    Eventually, the Spanish Civil Code became effective in the


    Philippines on December 7, 1889, the “Conquistadores” and the
    “Kodigo Penal” (The Revised Penal Code today, 1930) was introduced
    by the Spaniards promulgated by the King of Spain. Basically, these
    laws adopted the Roman Law principles (Coquia, Principles of Roman
    Law, 1996).
    Mostly tribal traditions, customs and practices influenced laws during
    the Pre-Spanish Philippines. There were also laws that were written
    which include:
    a. The Code of Kalantiao (promulgated in
    1433) – the most extensive and severe law
    that prescribes harsh punishment.

    b. The Maragtas Code (by Datu Sumakwel)

    c. Sikatuna Law

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