West Virginia House of Delegates District 48
West Virginia House of Delegates District 48 is represented by Tom Clark (R).
As of the 2020 Census, West Virginia state representatives represented an average of 17,950 residents. After the 2010 Census, each member represented 18,598 residents.
About the office
Members of the West Virginia House of Delegates serve two-year terms and are not subject to term limits. West Virginia legislators assume office the first day of December following the election.
Qualifications
Section 12 of Article 6 of the West Virginia Constitution states, "No person shall be a senator or delegate who has not for one year next preceding his election, been a resident within the district or county from which he is elected; and if a senator or delegate remove from the district or county for which he was elected, his seat shall be thereby vacated."[1]
Section 13 of Article 6 of the West Virginia Constitution states, "No person holding any other lucrative office or employment under this state, the United States, or any foreign government; no member of Congress; and no person who is sheriff, constable, or clerk of any court of record, shall be eligible to a seat in the Legislature."[2]
Salaries
- See also: Comparison of state legislative salaries
| State legislative salaries, 2024[3] | |
|---|---|
| Salary | Per diem |
| $20,000/year | $75/day for members who commute daily. $175/day for members who do not commute daily. |
Vacancies
If there is a vacancy in the West Virginia State Legislature, the governor must select a replacement to fill the vacant seat.[4][5]
The executive committee of the political party that held the seat before the vacancy can submit a list of three candidates to the governor. The list must be submitted to the governor within 15 days of the vacancy. The governor must make a selection within five days of receiving the list. If the committee does not submit a list within 15 days, the governor must appoint someone of the same political party as the person who left office. The person that is selected to fill the vacancy serves the remainder of the unfilled term.[5]
See sources: West Virginia Const. Art. 4, Sec. 7 and West Virginia Code Ann. §3-10-5
District map
Redistricting
2020-2022
West Virginia enacted district maps for the Senate and House of Delegates on October 22, 2021.[6] On September 30, 2021, the House Redistricting Committees released a single-member district map proposal for the West Virginia House of Delegates.[7] The proposal passed the House on October 13, 2021, in a 79-20 vote and passed the Senate on October 18, 2021, in a 28-5 vote.[8] On October 5, 2021, the Senate Redistricting Committee released five map proposals for West Virginia's State Senate districts.[9] On October 11, 2021, the Senate Redistricting Committee voted to recommend Sen. Charles S. Trump IV's (R) 8th proposed senate map to the full Senate.[10] The Senate approved a map that combined aspects of previous proposals in a 31-2 vote on October 19, 2021. The map, named after Sens. Trump, Tom Takubo (R), Eric Tarr (R) Patricia Rucker (R), and Robert Karnes (R) was approved by the House in a 72-19 vote. Both the House and Senate maps were signed into law by Gov. Jim Justice (R) on October 20, 2021.[11] These maps took effect for West Virginia's 2022 legislative elections.
On the Senate map, Sen. Trump said, “This amendment I believe reconciles and harmonizes some of the issues that were points of contention. This is the product of conversations and compromises over a long period of time by a great number of people.”[12]
“There is a faction within the Republican Party that is worried about their reelection when they shouldn’t be. They should worry about how the state works and how to make it work," said Sen. Mike Romano (D).[13]
How does redistricting in West Virginia work? In West Virginia, congressional and state legislative district boundaries are set by the West Virginia State Legislature. These lines are subject to veto by the governor.[14]
The West Virginia Constitution requires that state Senate districts be "compact, contiguous, and bounded by county lines where doing so is not otherwise unlawful." There are no such requirements in place for congressional or state House districts.[14]
West Virginia House of Delegates District 48
until November 30, 2022
Click a district to compare boundaries.
West Virginia House of Delegates District 48
starting December 1, 2022
Click a district to compare boundaries.
Elections
2024
See also: West Virginia House of Delegates elections, 2024
General election
General election for West Virginia House of Delegates District 48
Incumbent Tom Clark and Devin Spinks are running in the general election for West Virginia House of Delegates District 48 on November 5, 2024.
Candidate | ||
 | Tom Clark (R) | |
 | Devin Spinks (D)  | |
| ||||
| = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Democratic primary election
Democratic primary for West Virginia House of Delegates District 48
Devin Spinks advanced from the Democratic primary for West Virginia House of Delegates District 48 on May 14, 2024.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | Devin Spinks | 100.0 | 883 |
| Total votes: 883 | |||
| = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Republican primary election
Republican primary for West Virginia House of Delegates District 48
Incumbent Tom Clark advanced from the Republican primary for West Virginia House of Delegates District 48 on May 14, 2024.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | Tom Clark | 100.0 | 1,792 |
| Total votes: 1,792 | |||
| = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
2022
General election
General election for West Virginia House of Delegates District 48
Incumbent Caleb Hanna defeated Eric Sebert in the general election for West Virginia House of Delegates District 48 on November 8, 2022.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ |  | Caleb Hanna (R) | 70.8 | 2,886 |
 | Eric Sebert (D) | 29.2 | 1,193 | |
| Total votes: 4,079 | |||
| = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Democratic primary election
Democratic primary for West Virginia House of Delegates District 48
Eric Sebert advanced from the Democratic primary for West Virginia House of Delegates District 48 on May 10, 2022.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | Eric Sebert | 100.0 | 812 |
| Total votes: 812 | |||
| = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Republican primary election
Republican primary for West Virginia House of Delegates District 48
Incumbent Caleb Hanna advanced from the Republican primary for West Virginia House of Delegates District 48 on May 10, 2022.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | Caleb Hanna | 100.0 | 1,184 |
| Total votes: 1,184 | |||
| = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
2020
General election
General election for West Virginia House of Delegates District 48 (4 seats)
The following candidates ran in the general election for West Virginia House of Delegates District 48 on November 3, 2020.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ |  | Ben Queen (R) | 16.4 | 16,706 |
| ✔ |  | Danny Hamrick (R) | 14.3 | 14,642 |
| ✔ |  | Laura Kimble (R) | 14.2 | 14,495 |
| ✔ |  | Clay Riley (R) | 13.3 | 13,559 |
 | Richard Iaquinta (D) | 11.8 | 12,083 | |
| Josh Maxwell (D) | 9.6 | 9,831 | |
| Robert Garcia (D) | 9.6 | 9,785 | |
 | Ryan Deems (D) | 7.1 | 7,297 | |
 | Will Hyman (L) | 2.2 | 2,275 | |
| J. Steve Hamilton (Mountain Party) | 1.4 | 1,476 | |
| Total votes: 102,149 | |||
| = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Democratic primary election
Democratic primary for West Virginia House of Delegates District 48 (4 seats)
The following candidates ran in the Democratic primary for West Virginia House of Delegates District 48 on June 9, 2020.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | Richard Iaquinta | 24.3 | 6,189 |
| ✔ | | Robert Garcia | 19.7 | 5,024 |
| ✔ | | Josh Maxwell | 17.3 | 4,401 |
| ✔ | | Ryan Deems | 14.9 | 3,796 |
 | Robin Righter | 12.4 | 3,173 | |
 | Justin Lung | 11.5 | 2,930 | |
| Total votes: 25,513 | |||
| = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Republican primary election
Republican primary for West Virginia House of Delegates District 48 (4 seats)
The following candidates ran in the Republican primary for West Virginia House of Delegates District 48 on June 9, 2020.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | Ben Queen | 19.7 | 4,749 |
| ✔ | | Danny Hamrick | 17.3 | 4,176 |
| ✔ | | Laura Kimble | 16.1 | 3,892 |
| ✔ | | Clay Riley | 14.5 | 3,507 |
| Jason Campbell | 13.4 | 3,222 | |
 | Ben Hanlan | 12.5 | 3,026 | |
 | Garrett Stire | 6.4 | 1,541 | |
| Total votes: 24,113 | |||
| = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Mountain Party primary election
Mountain Party primary for West Virginia House of Delegates District 48 (4 seats)
J. Steve Hamilton advanced from the Mountain Party primary for West Virginia House of Delegates District 48 on June 9, 2020.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | J. Steve Hamilton | 100.0 | 71 |
| Total votes: 71 | |||
| = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Libertarian convention
Libertarian convention for West Virginia House of Delegates District 48 (4 seats)
Will Hyman advanced from the Libertarian convention for West Virginia House of Delegates District 48 on April 8, 2020.
Candidate | ||
| ✔ | | Will Hyman (L) |
| ||||
| = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
2018
General election
General election for West Virginia House of Delegates District 48 (4 seats)
The following candidates ran in the general election for West Virginia House of Delegates District 48 on November 6, 2018.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ |  | Timothy Miley (D) | 14.5 | 11,954 |
| ✔ | | Ben Queen (R) | 14.1 | 11,644 |
| ✔ | | Danny Hamrick (R) | 12.9 | 10,664 |
| ✔ |  | Terry Waxman (R) | 12.5 | 10,296 |
| Richard Iaquinta (D) | 12.1 | 10,004 | |
| Robert Garcia (D) | 9.7 | 8,022 | |
| Derek McIntyre (D) | 8.9 | 7,330 | |
| Debra Shrieves (R) | 8.5 | 7,019 | |
| Clay Riley (Independent) | 4.4 | 3,670 | |
| Will Hyman (L) | 2.4 | 2,021 | |
| Total votes: 82,624 (100.00% precincts reporting) | |||
| = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Democratic primary election
Democratic primary for West Virginia House of Delegates District 48 (4 seats)
Incumbent Timothy Miley, incumbent Richard Iaquinta, Derek McIntyre, and Robert Garcia advanced from the Democratic primary for West Virginia House of Delegates District 48 on May 8, 2018.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | Timothy Miley | 29.6 | 5,510 |
| ✔ | | Richard Iaquinta | 27.7 | 5,163 |
| ✔ | | Derek McIntyre | 21.6 | 4,026 |
| ✔ | | Robert Garcia | 21.0 | 3,917 |
| Total votes: 18,616 | |||
| = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Republican primary election
Republican primary for West Virginia House of Delegates District 48 (4 seats)
Incumbent Danny Hamrick, Terry Waxman, incumbent Ben Queen, and Debra Shrieves advanced from the Republican primary for West Virginia House of Delegates District 48 on May 8, 2018.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | Danny Hamrick | 27.1 | 3,313 |
| ✔ | | Terry Waxman | 25.5 | 3,110 |
| ✔ | | Ben Queen | 25.3 | 3,097 |
| ✔ | | Debra Shrieves | 22.1 | 2,697 |
| Total votes: 12,217 | |||
| = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
2016
Elections for the West Virginia House of Delegates took place in 2016. The primary election took place on May 10, 2016, and the general election was held on November 8, 2016. The candidate filing deadline was January 30, 2016. Incumbent Patsy Trecost II (D) did not seek re-election.
The following candidates ran in the West Virginia House of Delegates District 48 general election.[15][16]
| West Virginia House of Delegates District 48, General Election, 2016 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
| Democratic |  Richard Iaquinta |
14.17% | 13,586 | |
| Democratic | Timothy Miley Incumbent |
16.06% | 15,401 | |
| Republican | Danny Hamrick Incumbent |
14.25% | 13,661 | |
| Republican | Ben Queen |
15.46% | 14,825 | |
| Democratic | Derek McIntyre | 10.02% | 9,606 | |
| Democratic | Wayne Worth | 9.59% | 9,195 | |
| Republican | Terry Waxman Incumbent | 11.31% | 10,847 | |
| Republican | Rick Wolfe | 9.14% | 8,762 | |
| Total Votes | 95,883 | |||
| Source: West Virginia Secretary of State | ||||
The following candidates ran in the West Virginia House of Delegates District 48 Democratic primary.[17][18]
| West Virginia House of Delegates District 48, Democratic Primary, 2016 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
| Democratic | Richard Iaquinta |
18.84% | 7,172 | |
| Democratic | Derek McIntyre |
9.97% | 3,797 | |
| Democratic | Timothy Miley Incumbent |
21.28% | 8,104 | |
| Democratic | Wayne Worth |
10.45% | 3,980 | |
| Democratic | Robert Garcia | 9.00% | 3,428 | |
| Democratic | Brad Hinerman | 8.34% | 3,174 | |
| Democratic | Paul Howe III | 7.62% | 2,901 | |
| Democratic | Brock Malcolm | 6.14% | 2,338 | |
| Democratic | Martin Shaffer | 8.36% | 3,182 | |
| Total Votes | 38,076 | |||
The following candidates ran in the West Virginia House of Delegates District 48 Republican primary.[17][18]
| West Virginia House of Delegates District 48, Republican Primary, 2016 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
| Republican | Danny Hamrick Incumbent |
22.82% | 5,107 | |
| Republican | Ben Queen |
20.03% | 4,483 | |
| Republican | Terry Waxman Incumbent |
20.78% | 4,651 | |
| Republican | Rick Wolfe |
13.61% | 3,046 | |
| Republican | Jeff Palmer | 12.54% | 2,806 | |
| Republican | Debra S. Shrieves | 10.21% | 2,286 | |
| Total Votes | 22,379 | |||
2014
Elections for the West Virginia House of Delegates took place in 2014. A primary election took place on May 13, 2014. The general election was held on November 4, 2014. The signature filing deadline for candidates wishing to run in this election was January 25, 2014. District 48 is represented by four delegates. Incumbent Richard Iaquinta, incumbent Timothy Miley, Joe Shaffer and Patsy Trecost II defeated incumbent Ron Fragale, Frank Angotti and Wayne Worth in the Democratic primary. Incumbent Danny Hamrick, Margaret Ann Bailey, Diana Bartley and Terry Waxman defeated Rick Wolfe, "Benjamin" Dan Franklin and Ed Randolph in the Republican primary. Miley, Trecost, Hamrick and Waxman defeated Iaquinta, Shaffer, Bailey and Bartley in the general election.[19][20]
| Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | Tim Miley Incumbent |
14.1% | 8,968 | |
| Democratic | Patsy Trecost II |
13.9% | 8,801 | |
| Republican | Danny Hamrick Incumbent |
13.2% | 8,389 | |
| Republican | Terry Waxman |
13.1% | 8,283 | |
| Democratic | Richard J. Iaquinta Incumbent | 12.9% | 8,168 | |
| Democratic | Joe Shaffer | 12.7% | 8,040 | |
| Republican | Diana Bartley | 10.7% | 6,805 | |
| Republican | Margaret Ann Bailey | 9.4% | 5,977 | |
| Total Votes | 63,431 | |||
| Candidate | Vote % | Votes |
|---|---|---|
|
Tim Miley Incumbent |
19.1% | 5,029 |
| Patsy Trecost II |
15.9% | 4,196 |
| Joe Shaffer |
15.4% | 4,050 |
| Richard J. Iaquinta Incumbent |
15.3% | 4,025 |
| Ron Fragale Incumbent | 14.5% | 3,813 |
| Frank "Chunki" Angotti | 13.3% | 3,495 |
| Wayne Worth | 6.6% | 1,727 |
| Total Votes | 26,335 | |
| Candidate | Vote % | Votes |
|---|---|---|
|
Danny Hamrick Incumbent |
22.1% | 2,314 |
| Terry Waxman |
18.3% | 1,912 |
| Diana Bartley |
14.9% | 1,565 |
| Margaret Ann Bailey |
13.4% | 1,399 |
| Rick Wolfe | 10.6% | 1,113 |
| Ed "Buddy" Randolph | 10.5% | 1,104 |
| "Benjamin" Dan Franklin | 10.2% | 1,069 |
| Total Votes | 10,476 | |
2012
Elections for the office of West Virginia House of Delegates consisted of a primary election on May 8, 2012, and a general election on November 6, 2012. Democratic incumbents Samuel J. "Sam" Cann, Richard J. Iaquinta, and Tim Miley, and Republican Danny Hamrick defeated Democratic incumbent Ron Fragale and Republicans Diana Bartley, Ed Randolph, and Terry J. Woodside, Sr. in the general election. Cann, Iaquinta, Miley, and Fragale defeated Martin Shaffer in the Democratic primary election. Hamrick, Bartley, Randolph, and Woodside defeated "Benjamin" Dan Franklin in the Republican primary election.[21][22]
| Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | Tim Miley Incumbent |
14.9% | 13,318 | |
| Democratic | Richard Iaquinta Incumbent |
14.1% | 12,633 | |
| Democratic | Sam Cann Incumbent |
13.7% | 12,302 | |
| Republican | Danny Hamrick |
13.5% | 12,096 | |
| Democratic | Ron Fragale Incumbent | 13.3% | 11,877 | |
| Republican | Diana Bartley | 10.8% | 9,705 | |
| Republican | Terry Woodside | 10.5% | 9,432 | |
| Republican | Ed Randolph | 9.1% | 8,148 | |
| Total Votes | 89,511 | |||
| Candidate | Vote % | Votes |
|---|---|---|
|
Tim Miley Incumbent |
22.7% | 5,809 |
| Ron Fragale Incumbent |
22.4% | 5,728 |
| Richard J. Iaquinta Incumbent |
22.4% | 5,727 |
| Sam Cann Incumbent |
20.5% | 5,233 |
| Martin Shaffer | 11.9% | 3,050 |
| Total Votes | 25,547 | |
| Candidate | Vote % | Votes |
|---|---|---|
|
Danny Hamrick |
26.7% | 2,984 |
| Diana Bartley |
21.8% | 2,431 |
| Terry J. Woodside, Jr. |
18.6% | 2,080 |
| Ed Randolph |
17.3% | 1,929 |
| Dan Franklin | 15.6% | 1,746 |
| Total Votes | 11,170 | |
Campaign contributions
From 2000 to 2024, candidates for West Virginia House of Delegates District 48 raised a total of $1,621,645. Candidates who raised money in contributions earned $20,790 on average. All figures come from Follow the Money
| Campaign contributions, West Virginia House of Delegates District 48 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Year | Amount | Candidates | Average |
| 2024 | $0 | 2 | $0 |
| 2022 | $19,735 | 2 | $9,868 |
| 2020 | $245,758 | 15 | $16,384 |
| 2018 | $265,365 | 10 | $26,537 |
| 2016 | $314,916 | 15 | $20,994 |
| 2014 | $410,127 | 14 | $29,295 |
| 2012 | $278,647 | 10 | $27,865 |
| 2010 | $42,626 | 2 | $21,313 |
| 2008 | $22,250 | 2 | $11,125 |
| 2006 | $9,629 | 2 | $4,815 |
| 2004 | $3,486 | 1 | $3,486 |
| 2002 | $1,950 | 1 | $1,950 |
| 2000 | $7,155 | 2 | $3,578 |
| Total | $1,621,645 | 78 | $20,790 |
See also
External links
Footnotes
- ↑ Constitution of West Virginia, "Article VI, Section 12," accessed February 8, 2023
- ↑ Constitution of West Virginia, "Article VI, Section 13," accessed February 8, 2023
- ↑ National Conference of State Legislatures, "2024 Legislator Compensation," August 21, 2024
- ↑ West Virginia Legislature, "West Virginia Constitution," accessed February 9, 2021 (Section, Article 4, Section 7)
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 West Virginia Code, "Article 10 Filling Vacancies: §3-10-5 Vacancies in State Legislature," accessed February 8, 2023
- ↑ West Virginia Legislature, "Actions by the Governor," accessed October 25, 2021
- ↑ WSAZ, "First West Virginia redistricting maps released," September 30, 2021
- ↑ West Virginia Legislature, "Actions by the Governor," accessed October 25, 2021
- ↑ West Virginia Legislature, "Senate Select Committee on Redistricting," accessed October 7, 2021
- ↑ WV News, "(West Virginia) Senate Redistricting Committee selects proposed maps," October 11, 2021
- ↑ Metro News, "After days of trying, Senate overwhelmingly passes a map of its own districts," October 19, 2021
- ↑ The Center Square, "West Virginia Senate passes Senate redistricting bill," October 21, 2021
- ↑ 13 News, "West Virginia State Senate passes new district maps; House to return Wednesday," October 19, 2021
- ↑ 14.0 14.1 All About Redistricting, "West Virginia," accessed May 7, 2015
- ↑ West Virginia Secretary of State, "Candidate search," accessed November 4, 2016
- ↑ West Virginia Secretary of State, "2016 official general election results," accessed May 3, 2017
- ↑ 17.0 17.1 West Virginia Secretary of State, "Candidate Listing by Office," accessed January 30, 2016
- ↑ 18.0 18.1 West Virginia Secretary of State, "Statewide Results - Primary Election - May 10, 2016," accessed August 2, 2016
- ↑ West Virginia Secretary of State, "Candidate search," accessed April 30, 2014
- ↑ West Virginia Secretary of State, "Statewide Results," accessed June 18, 2014
- ↑ Official general election results West Virginia Secretary of State, General Election Statewide Results, accessed November 1, 2013
- ↑ Official primary results West Virginia Secretary of State, Primary Election Statewide Results, accessed November 1, 2013
