Charley horse pain: How it affects most people, its symptoms and causes

There has been a rise in heat in the northern region of India, making daily life challenging. Among other heat related health issues, muscle cramps also known as charley horses are rising. These are sudden, painful contractions of one or more muscles that often occur in legs and calves. They last from a few seconds to several minutes, causing discomfort.When you exercise or work hard in the heat and become dehydrated, your rehydration efforts may be insufficient, leading to these painful muscle cramps, although these go away in a few minutes, but the residual soreness and muscle memory causes discomfort for hours or even days.


1. Atherosclerosis: Narrowing of blood vessels due to fat, cholesterol and other substances limits the supply of oxygen to muscles leading to cramps during physical exertion.
2. Nerve Compression: Compressed nerves require medical assistance for diagnosis and addressing the issue.
3. Mineral Deficiency: A diet lacking minerals like sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium increases chances of muscle cramps.


Several factors can increase the risk of experiencing Charley horses:
Increasing Age: Muscle elasticity tends to decrease as we age and the muscle mass also start to diminish.
Poor Conditioning: Starting workout without adequate stretching can cause cramps.
Extreme Sweating: Excess sweating during hot weather conditions, it is necessary to keep yourself hydrated.
Pregnancy: Changes in hormones and weight gain causes cramps.
Medical Conditions: Conditions like neuropathy, liver or thyroid problems, diabetes and obesity increases risk of Charley horses.


Charley horses can be prevented by 2 key strategies, especially if there are no underlying conditions:
1. Stretching: Dr. Rajesh Kumar Verma, Senior Consultant Orthopedics, Manipal Hospital, Ghaziabad says, “Adequate stretching before any physical activity in the morning and before going to bed. Even before engaging in sports or gym workouts it is important to do proper stretching.”

2. Hydration and Nutrition: Take adequate amounts of fluid, especially water, and maintain a mineral rich diet. Also, limit consumption of alcohol and caffeine during hot weather.


While muscle cramps don't cause harm, there are certain symptoms that might require a doctor visit. If you are facing extreme discomfort, cramps along with redness and swelling and unable to stand or walk after cramp subsides, it is important to seek medical attention.
As the temperature increases, staying aware about hydration and muscle care is important. Proper stretching and nutrition goes a long way in prevention of discomfort by charley horses. By following these guidelines you can lead a comfortable and healthy life even in the hottest weather.