Zika virus reaches Pune: Here's everything to know about this infectious disease

Six zika virus infection cases have reached Pune, Maharashtra, out of which two are pregnant women. 

"A 28-year-old pregnant woman from the Erandwane area was detected with Zika virus infection. Her reports came positive on Friday. Another woman, who is 12 weeks pregnant, was detected with the infection on Monday. The condition of both women is good and they have no symptoms," an official said. 

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Zika virus is a mosquito-borne virus primarily transmitted to humans through the bite of infected Aedes mosquitoes, particularly Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus.  Given the potential complications associated with Zika virus infection, especially for pregnant women and their infants, it's crucial to follow preventive measures and seek medical advice if you suspect Zika virus infection, particularly if you or your partner are pregnant or planning pregnancy.  

Also Read: Pollution, lifestyle, stress: Why infertility in men is rising in India

Here are the key aspects regarding Zika virus.

Symptoms

Mild Symptoms

Many people infected with Zika virus may not show any symptoms or may only have mild symptoms that typically last for several days to a week. These include fever, rash, joint pain, muscle pain, headache, and conjunctivitis (red eyes). 

Severe Symptoms

In rare cases, Zika virus infection can lead to more severe complications such as Guillain-Barré syndrome (a rare neurological disorder) and in pregnant women, it can cause birth defects such as microcephaly (abnormally small head and brain size) in infants. 

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Causes

Mosquito Transmission

Zika virus is primarily transmitted through the bite of infected Aedes mosquitoes. These mosquitoes typically bite during the day. 

Sexual Transmission

Zika virus can also be transmitted through sexual contact with an infected partner, even if that person does not have symptoms at the time. 

Pregnancy and Vertical Transmission

Pregnant women can pass Zika virus to their fetus during pregnancy or around the time of birth, leading to congenital Zika syndrome and birth defects. 

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Prevention

Mosquito Bite Prevention

Using insect repellent, wearing long-sleeved shirts and pants, and staying in places with air conditioning or screens to prevent mosquito bites. 

Safe Sex

Using condoms correctly and consistently to prevent sexual transmission. Travel Precautions: Avoiding travel to areas with ongoing Zika virus outbreaks, especially if pregnant or planning pregnancy. 

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Pregnancy Considerations

Pregnant women should take extra precautions to avoid Zika virus exposure due to the risks it poses to the developing fetus. Vaccine Development: Research is ongoing, but currently, there is no commercially available vaccine against Zika virus.