Total knee replacement on more than 20° valgus: A case control study

Orthop Traumatol Surg Res. 2019 Jun;105(4):613-617. doi: 10.1016/j.otsr.2018.12.014. Epub 2019 Mar 28.

Abstract

Introduction: Lower-limb valgus deformity exceeding 20° is a particular case, with few publications assessing the impact of the severity of the valgus. The present retrospective case control study compared a series of>20° valgus versus a series of 10-20° valgus, assessing (1) operative data [approach, type of total knee replacement (TKR)], (2) complications and implant survival, and (3) clinical and radiological results.

Hypothesis: Severe valgus deformity requires TKR with greater constraint, incurring a higher rate of complications and poorer implant survival.

Material and method: A multicenter retrospective study for the period January 2006 to December 2010 included 53 patients, with a mean age of 72±10 years, presenting>20° valgus. The study series was matched for age and gender with a series of 53 cases of 10-20° valgus. Convexity laxity was greater in the>20° group (p=0.004).

Results: There was no significant inter-group difference in approach (p=0.13). Greater constraint was more frequent in the>20° group (7/53 versus 1/53; p=0.03), independently of convexity laxity or Krackow grade (p=0.14). There were 7 complications (13.2%) in the>20° group and 7 in the 10-20° group (NS). Eight-year survivorship was 95.12% in the>20° group and 94.9% in the 10-20° group (p=0.63). There were no significant differences in Oxford score (p=0.30) or HKA angle (p=0.78) at last follow-up.

Conclusion: The study hypothesis was partially confirmed: greater constraint was more frequent in>20° valgus. The number of complications was low, and survival was identical to that of a control group with less severe deformity.

Level of evidence: III, retrospectivecase controlstudy.

Keywords: Complication; Constrained prosthesis; Knee prosthesis; Valgus knee.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee / adverse effects*
  • Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee / methods*
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Female
  • Genu Valgum / diagnostic imaging
  • Genu Valgum / physiopathology
  • Genu Valgum / surgery*
  • Humans
  • Knee Joint / diagnostic imaging
  • Knee Joint / physiopathology
  • Knee Joint / surgery*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Radiography
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Survival Rate