Biman Bagchi is an Indian scientist currently serving as a SERB-DST National Science Chair Professor and Honorary Professor at the Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit of the Indian Institute of Science.[2] He is a theoretical physical chemist and biophysicist known for his research in the area of statistical mechanics; particularly in the study of phase transition and nucleation, solvation dynamics, mode-coupling theory of electrolyte transport, dynamics of biological macromolecules (proteins, DNA etc.), protein folding, enzyme kinetics, supercooled liquids and protein hydration layer.[3] He is an elected fellow of the Indian National Science Academy,[4] the Indian Academy of Sciences,[5] The World Academy of Sciences[6] and an International honorary member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.[1] Along with several scientific articles, he has authored three books, (i) Molecular Relaxation in Liquids[7], (ii) Water in Biological and Chemical Processes: From Structure and Dynamics to Function,[8] and (iii) Statistical Mechanics for Chemistry and Materials Science[9].

Biman Bagchi
Born (1954-01-01) 1 January 1954 (age 70)
NationalityIndian
Alma mater
AwardsAlexander von Humboldt Science Research Award
Elected Foreign Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (AAAS) [1]
Joel Henry Hildebrand Award (ACS)
Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology
Scientific career
Fields
Institutions
Doctoral advisorJulian Gibbs
WebsiteGroup website

Biography

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Bagchi was born in 1954 to Binay K. Bagchi, a school principal and his homemaker/part-time teacher wife, Abha, in Kolkata in the Indian state of West Bengal.[10] He graduated in chemistry from Presidency College, Kolkata (present-day Presidency University) in 1974 and obtained a master's degree from Rajabazar Science College, Calcutta University in 1976. He earned a PhD at Brown University in 1980, working with Julian Gibbs and did his post-doctoral studies at James Franck Institute of the University of Chicago as a research associate. There he worked with renowned chemists such as David W. Oxtoby, Graham Fleming and Stuart Rice till 1983 when he shifted to the laboratory of Robert Zwanzig of the University of Maryland for a one-year stint.[4] Bagchi returned to India in 1984 and joined Indian Institute of Science (IISc) at their Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit as a lecturer and established his research group.[11]

Research

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In an academic career spanning over more than three decades in which Bagchi has travelled over a wide landscape of physical chemistry, chemical physics, and biophysical chemistry where his contributions often helped build up an area from its foundations. This was done by maintaining a close collaboration with experimental research groups both in India and abroad. He often developed theories that combined sophisticated theoretical approaches (such as mode coupling theory) to extend traditional and established theories and methods (like Kramers’ theory of barrier crossing dynamics, FRET, and electrochemistry) to explain emerging experimental and simulation results.

Professor Bagchi has published more than 480 articles and received more than 24000 citations.[12] His work has been published in reputed journals such as Nature,[13] PNAS,[14][15][16][17] PRL,[18] JACS,[19] JPC[20] and Chemical Reviews.[21][22] He has also authored two well-known monographs published by the Oxford University Press (NY) [Molecular Relaxation in Liquids][7] and Cambridge University Press (UK) [Water in Biological and Chemical Processes: From Structure and Dynamics to Function].[8] And a third major text on Statistical Mechanics published by Francis-Taylor & CRC Press. Bagchi has conducted lectures at national and international levels.[note 1] He is also associated with a number of science journals as a member of their editorial boards.[4] He has authored 22 major review articles that are partly pedagogical and influenced generations of physical and theoretical chemists.

Some representative examples of his seminal contributions are discussed below:

(i)  In the 1970s and 1980s, it was realized that a large number of ultrafast processes could show the usual dynamical characteristics of an activated reaction but occur in the absence of any activation barrier to their reactive motion. Prof. Bagchi developed the first and till to date the most successful theory of barrierless chemical reactions. This theory explained how we can speak of a reaction rate even in the absence of a barrier.

(ii)  Solvation dynamics of polar solutes in dipolar liquids (like water, ethanol) was a topic of huge contemporary interest from mid-eighties to late nineties. A continuum model of the solvent with a frequency dependent dielectric function was developed by Bagchi that predicted a relaxation time, later called the longitudinal relaxation time, which was faster than the dielectric relaxation time of the solvent, thus providing a first-time explanation of the experimentally observed fast relaxation of the time dependent solvation energy. However, the continuum model could not explain the ultrafast sub-100 fs solvation observed by Fleming et al. Bagchi explained this by developing a microscopic theory which included intermolecular correlations and also the contribution of translational contributions of solvent molecules.

(iii) The dielectric relaxation theories prior to mid-eighties considered primarily rotational modes. Bagchi and co-workers came up with a microscopic theory of frequency and wave vector dependent dielectric function which included both rotational and translational degrees of freedom. Translational modes were shown to play a hidden role in dielectric relaxation. Due to the presence of orientational correlations, the longitudinal and transverse dielectric functions exhibit vastly different relaxation times at finite wave vectors. This was indeed an important result because, in many dynamical processes, it is the finite wave vector response of the solvent that matters the most. A self-consistent theory was developed for the dielectric friction and dielectric relaxation. It was shown that the presence of translational contributions can make dielectric relaxation more Debye-like for cases where only rotational contributions give rise to a highly non-Debye form of dielectric relaxation.

Awards and honors

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The Indian National Science Academy awarded Bagchi the INSA Medal for Young Scientists in 1986;[23] the Academy would honor him again in 1990 with A. K. Bose Memorial Medal and with an elected fellowship in 1995.[24] He received the Homi Bhabha fellowship in 1989 before the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research awarded him the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize, one of the highest Indian science awards, in 1991.[25] The same year, the Indian Academy of Sciences elected him as their fellow[5] and he became an elected fellow of The World Academy of Sciences in 2004.[6] In between, he received the G. D. Birla Award in 1997, TWAS Prize in 1998,[26] the Alumni Excellence Award in Research of the Indian Institute of Science in 2002 and Goyal Prize in Chemistry in 2003. He was selected as J. C. Bose National Fellow in 2006[27] and the several award orations he has delivered include B. C. Laha Memorial Lecture of 2001, conducted by Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science and Mizushima-Raman Lecture of 2006, jointly organized by the Department of Science and Technology and Japan Society for the Promotion of Science.[4] The Journal of Physical Chemistry published a festschrift on Bagchi by way of their August 2015 issue.[28][29] He has been selected as the 2021 recipient of the Joel Henry Hildebrand Award in the Theoretical and Experimental Chemistry of Liquids, by the American Chemical Society (ACS). He was also selected for the prestigious Alexander von Humboldt Foundation’s Humboldt Science Research Award (2019) in recognition of his work in chemical sciences.

Selected bibliography

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Books

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  • Biman Bagchi (17 April 2012). Molecular Relaxation in Liquids. Oxford University Press, USA. ISBN 978-0-19-986332-7.
  • Biman Bagchi (14 November 2013). Water in Biological and Chemical Processes: From Structure and Dynamics to Function. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-107-03729-8.
  • Biman Bagchi (17 July 2018). Statistical Mechanics for Chemistry and Materials Science. CRC Press. ISBN 9781482299861.

Chapters

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Notes

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  1. ^ Please see Lectures section

References

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  1. ^ a b "American Academy of Arts and Sciences Fellow". American Academy of Arts and Sciences. 2020.
  2. ^ "Amrut Mody Professor". Indian Institute of Science. 2016. Archived from the original on 17 September 2017. Retrieved 24 November 2016.
  3. ^ "Brief Profile of the Awardee". Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize. 2016. Retrieved 12 November 2016.
  4. ^ a b c d "Indian fellow". Indian National Science Academy. 2016. Archived from the original on 5 March 2021. Retrieved 24 November 2016.
  5. ^ a b "Fellow profile". Indian Academy of Sciences. 2016. Retrieved 12 November 2016.
  6. ^ a b "TWAS fellow". The World Academy of Sciences. 2016.
  7. ^ a b Biman Bagchi (17 April 2012). Molecular Relaxation in Liquids. Oxford University Press, USA. ISBN 978-0-19-986332-7.
  8. ^ a b Biman Bagchi (14 November 2013). Water in Biological and Chemical Processes: From Structure and Dynamics to Function. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-107-03729-8.
  9. ^ Bagchi, Biman (2018). Statistical Mechanics for Chemistry and Materials Science. doi:10.1201/9781315113951. ISBN 9781315113951. S2CID 106103681.
  10. ^ Bagchi, Biman (2015). "Autobiography of Biman Bagchi". J. Phys. Chem. B. 119 (34): 10813–10816. doi:10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b06114. PMID 26310133.
  11. ^ "Bagchi Group official website". Laboratory profile. Bagchi Group. 2016. Archived from the original on 23 October 2019. Retrieved 24 November 2016.
  12. ^ "Biman Bagchi". scholar.google.com. Retrieved 14 August 2021.
  13. ^ Hu, Dehong; Yu, Ji; Wong, Kim; Bagchi, Biman; Rossky, Peter J.; Barbara, Paul F. (June 2000). "Collapse of stiff conjugated polymers with chemical defects into ordered, cylindrical conformations". Nature. 405 (6790): 1030–1033. Bibcode:2000Natur.405.1030H. doi:10.1038/35016520. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 10890438. S2CID 4322254.
  14. ^ Zwanzig, R.; Szabo, A.; Bagchi, B. (1 January 1992). "Levinthal's paradox". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 89 (1): 20–22. Bibcode:1992PNAS...89...20Z. doi:10.1073/pnas.89.1.20. PMC 48166. PMID 1729690.
  15. ^ Bagchi, Biman (26 July 2016). "Untangling complex dynamics of biological water at protein–water interface". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 113 (30): 8355–8357. Bibcode:2016PNAS..113.8355B. doi:10.1073/pnas.1609312113. PMC 4968762. PMID 27436905.
  16. ^ Bhattacharyya, Sarika Maitra; Bagchi, Biman; Wolynes, Peter G. (15 October 2008). "Facilitation, complexity growth, mode coupling, and activated dynamics in supercooled liquids". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 105 (42): 16077–16082. Bibcode:2008PNAS..10516077B. doi:10.1073/pnas.0808375105. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 2570993. PMID 18927234.
  17. ^ Banerjee, Puja; Bagchi, Biman (4 February 2020). "Dynamical control by water at a molecular level in protein dimer association and dissociation". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 117 (5): 2302–2308. Bibcode:2020PNAS..117.2302B. doi:10.1073/pnas.1908379117. PMC 7007538. PMID 31969453.
  18. ^ Balasubramanian, Sundaram; Pal, Subrata; Bagchi, Biman (2002). "Hydrogen-Bond Dynamics near a Micellar Surface: Origin of the Universal Slow Relaxation at Complex Aqueous Interfaces". Physical Review Letters. 89 (11): 115505. arXiv:cond-mat/0208270. Bibcode:2002PhRvL..89k5505B. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.89.115505. PMID 12225151. S2CID 13047773.
  19. ^ Bagchi, Biman; Fleming, Graham R.; Oxtoby, David W. (15 June 1983). "Theory of electronic relaxation in solution in the absence of an activation barrier". The Journal of Chemical Physics. 78 (12): 7375–7385. Bibcode:1983JChPh..78.7375B. doi:10.1063/1.444729. ISSN 0021-9606.
  20. ^ Pal, Samir Kumar; Peon, Jorge; Bagchi, Biman; Zewail, Ahmed H. (1 December 2002). "Biological Water: Femtosecond Dynamics of Macromolecular Hydration". The Journal of Physical Chemistry B. 106 (48): 12376–12395. doi:10.1021/jp0213506. ISSN 1520-6106.
  21. ^ Nandi, Nilashis; Bhattacharyya, Kankan; Bagchi, Biman (June 2000). "Dielectric Relaxation and Solvation Dynamics of Water in Complex Chemical and Biological Systems". Chemical Reviews. 100 (6): 2013–2046. doi:10.1021/cr980127v. ISSN 0009-2665. PMID 11749282.
  22. ^ Bagchi, Biman (September 2005). "Water Dynamics in the Hydration Layer around Proteins and Micelles". Chemical Reviews. 105 (9): 3197–3219. doi:10.1021/cr020661+. ISSN 0009-2665. PMID 16159150.
  23. ^ "INSA Medal for Young Scientists". Indian National Science Academy. 2016. Archived from the original on 11 May 2021. Retrieved 24 November 2016.
  24. ^ "A. K. Bose Memorial Medal". Indian National Science Academy. 2016. Archived from the original on 11 May 2021. Retrieved 24 November 2016.
  25. ^ "Chemical Sciences". Council of Scientific and Industrial Research. 2016. Archived from the original on 12 September 2012. Retrieved 7 November 2016.
  26. ^ "Prizes and Awards". The World Academy of Sciences. 2016.
  27. ^ "J. C. Bose National Fellow" (PDF). Science and Engineering Research Biard. 2016.
  28. ^ Chandra, A.; Biswas, R.; Fleming, G. R. (August 2015). Chandra, Amalendu; Biswas, Ranjit; Fleming, Graham R. (eds.). "Biman Bagchi Festschrift". The Journal of Physical Chemistry. 119 (34): 10809–11442. doi:10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b06606. PMID 26310132.
  29. ^ Amalendu Chandra, Ranjit Biswas, Graham R. Fleming (editors) (August 2015). "A Tribute to Biman Bagchi". The Journal of Physical Chemistry. 119 (34): 10809–11442. doi:10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b06606. PMID 26310132. {{cite journal}}: |last= has generic name (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
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Further reading

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  • Chandra, A.; Biswas, R.; Fleming, G. R. (August 2015). Chandra, Amalendu; Biswas, Ranjit; Fleming, Graham R. (eds.). "A Tribute to Biman Bagchi". The Journal of Physical Chemistry. 119 (34): 10809–11442. doi:10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b06606. PMID 26310132.