Calvatia is a genus of puffball mushrooms that includes the giant puffball C. gigantea. It was formerly classified within the now-obsolete order Lycoperdales, which, following a restructuring of fungal taxonomy brought about by molecular phylogeny, has been split; the puffballs, Calvatia spp. are now placed in the family Lycoperdaceae of the order Agaricales.

Calvatia
Calvatia craniiformis
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Basidiomycota
Class: Agaricomycetes
Order: Agaricales
Family: Agaricaceae
Genus: Calvatia
Fr. (1849)
Type species
Calvatia craniiformis
(Schwein.) Fr. (1849)
Synonyms[1]

Most species in the genus Calvatia are edible when young, though some are best avoided, such as Calvatia fumosa, which has a very pungent odor.

The name Calvatia derives from the Latin calvus meaning "bald" and calvaria, meaning "dome of the skull".

Taxonomy

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Calvatia was circumscribed by Swedish mycologist Elias Magnus Fries in 1849. Fries included a single species in the genus, Calvatia craniiformis, which was originally described as Bovista craniiformis by Lewis David de Schweinitz in 1832.[5]

Species

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As of February 2015, Index Fungorum lists 58 species of Calvatia. [6]

 
Calvatia nipponica
 
Calvatia sculpta

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Synonymy: Calvatia Fr". Species Fungorum. CAB International. Retrieved 18 February 2015.
  2. ^ Rafinesque-Schmaltz CS. (1821). Précis des découvertes et travaux somiologiques de Mr. C. S. Rafinesque-Schmaltz entre 1800 et 1814, ou choix raisonné de ses principales découvertes en zoologie et en botanique pour servir d'introduction a ses ouvrages futurs (in French). Palermo. p. 52.
  3. ^ Montagne JPFC. "Troisième Centurie de plantes cellulaires exotiques nouvelles, Décades I, II, III et IV. Fungi cubenses". Annales des Sciences Naturelles Botanique (in French). 17 (II): 119–28.
  4. ^ Lloyd CG. "The genera of Gasteromycetes". Mycological Notes (7): 1–24 (see p. 11).
  5. ^ Fries EM (1849). Summa vegetabilium Scandinaviae (in Latin). Vol. 2. Uppsala, Sweden: Typographia Academica. p. 442.
  6. ^ Kirk PM. "Species Fungorum (version 15th February 2015). In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life". Archived from the original on 4 January 2015. Retrieved 18 February 2015.
  7. ^ Khalid AN, Iqbal SH (2004). "Calvatia ahmadii sp.nov., from Pakistan" (PDF). Pakistan Journal of Botany. 36 (3): 669–71.
  8. ^ Patouillard NT (1912). "Quelques Champignons de la Guinee Française". Bulletin de la Société Mycologique de France (in French). 28: 31–37.
  9. ^ Ferdinandsen C. (1910). "Fungi terrestres from NE-Greenland (N of 76° N. Lat.) collected by the "Danmark Expedition"". Meddelelser om Grønland. 43: 137–145.
  10. ^ Ito S, Imai S (1939). "Fungi of the Bonin Islands. III". Transactions of the Sapporo Natural History Society. 16: 9–20.
  11. ^ Fries TCE (1914). "Zur Kenntnis der Gasteromyceten-Flora in Torne Lappmark". Svensk Botanisk Tidskrift (in German). 8 (2): 235–243.
  12. ^ a b c Lange M. (1990). "Arctic Gasteromycetes. II. Calvatia in Greenland, Svalbard, Arctic Ocean and Iceland". Nordic Journal of Botany. 9 (5): 525–46. doi:10.1111/j.1756-1051.1990.tb00545.x.
  13. ^ Alves CR, Cortez VG (2013). "Calvatia guzmanii sp. nov. (Agaricaceae, Basidiomycota) from Paraná State, Brazil". Phytotaxa. 85 (2): 35–40. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.85.2.1.
  14. ^ da Silva Alfredo D, Rodrigues ACM, Baseia IG (2014). "Calvatia nodulata, a new gasteroid fungus from Brazilian semiarid region". Journal of Mycology. 697602: 1–7. doi:10.1155/2014/697602.
  15. ^ Suarez VL, Wright JE, Calonge FD (2009). "Calvatia oblongispora sp. nov. from Brazil, with close affinities to Calvatia sporocristata from Costa Rica" (PDF). Mycotaxon. 108: 323–7. doi:10.5248/108.323. hdl:10261/78820. S2CID 12232521.
  16. ^ Kreisel H. (1989). "Studies in the Calvatia complex (Basidiomycetes)". Nova Hedwigia. 48: 281–96.
  17. ^ Calonge FD, Mata M, Carranza J (2003). "Calvatia sporocristata sp. nov. (Gasteromycetes) from Costa Rica". Revista de Biología Tropical. 51 (1): 79–84. PMID 15162683.  
  18. ^ Kasuya T, Retnowati A (2006). "New or noteworthy species of the genus Calvatia Fr. (Basidiomycota) with probable medicinal value from Indonesia". International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms. 8 (3): 283–8. doi:10.1615/IntJMedMushr.v8.i3.100.
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