George Hall, 1st Viscount Hall

George Henry Hall, 1st Viscount Hall, PC (31 December 1881 – 8 November 1965), was a British Labour Party politician. He served as Secretary of State for the Colonies between 1945 and 1946 and as First Lord of the Admiralty between 1946 and 1951.

The Viscount Hall
First Lord of the Admiralty
In office
4 October 1946 – 24 May 1951
MonarchGeorge VI
Prime MinisterClement Attlee
Preceded byA. V. Alexander
Succeeded byThe Lord Pakenham
Secretary of State for the Colonies
In office
3 August 1945 – 4 October 1946
Prime MinisterClement Attlee
Preceded byHon. Oliver Stanley
Succeeded byArthur Creech Jones
Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs
In office
25 September 1943 – 26 May 1945
Prime MinisterWinston Churchill
Preceded byRichard Law
Succeeded byAlec Douglas-Home
Simon Fraser
Financial Secretary to the Admiralty
In office
4 February 1942 – 25 September 1943
Prime MinisterWinston Churchill
Succeeded byJames Thomas
Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for the Colonies
In office
12 May 1940 – 4 February 1942
Prime MinisterWinston Churchill
Preceded byBasil Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood
Succeeded byHarold Macmillan
Civil Lord of the Admiralty
In office
7 June 1929 – 24 August 1931
Prime MinisterRamsay MacDonald
Preceded byJames Stanhope
Succeeded byEuan Wallace
Member of the House of Lords
Lord Temporal
In office
28 October 1946 – 8 November 1965
Hereditary Peerage
Preceded byPeerage created
Succeeded byThe 2nd Viscount Hall
Member of Parliament
for Aberdare
In office
15 November 1922 – 4 October 1946
Preceded byCharles Stanton
Succeeded byDavid Thomas
Personal details
Born(1881-12-31)31 December 1881
Penrhiwceiber, Glamorganshire
Died8 November 1965(1965-11-08) (aged 83)
Leicester, Leicestershire
NationalityBritish
Political partyLabour

Background

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Hall was born in Penrhiwceiber, Glamorganshire, son of George Hall, a miner who was from Marshfield, Gloucestershire and his wife Anne (née Guard), a native of Midsomer Norton, Somerset.[1] Hall was the second of six children (four sons and two daughters) born between 1880 and 1889. His parents were among the thousands of people who migrated to the South Wales Valleys from the West Country in the late nineteenth century, following the expansion of the steam coal trade. George Hall snr. died in 1889 and the young George was compelled to leave Penrhiwceiber elementary school at the age of twelve, in order to start work at the Penrhiwceiber colliery.[1] His widowed mother had been left with a large family to support.[2]

Early career

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Following an accident at the colliery requiring a prolonged period of recovery, Hall replaced his relative lack of formal education with extensive reading and self-education.[1] This may well have been a factor in his becoming involved in politics. He was elected as a Labour member of the Mountain Ash Urban District Council (the first Labour member for the Penrhiwceiber Ward) in 1908.[1] On his election, when he defeated sitting Liberal member J.P. Davies by 31 votes, the Aberdare Leader described him as "a young man with very sturdy views. He is bent on backing up Labour principles, and with all his life before him looks like shaping into a leader to be dealt with in that party."[3]

Hall later chaired both the Education Committee and the Urban Council itself and he remained a member until 1926.[1] Hall continued to work as a collier until appointed checkweigher in 1911, and then to act as checkweigher Local Agent at the South Wales Miners' Federation until elected to Parliament in 1922.

Political career

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Hall was elected Member of Parliament (MP) for Aberdare at the 1922 general election when he gained the seat for Labour, defeating Charles Stanton who on this occasion stood at the election as a National Liberal having held the seat since a 1915 by-election.[1] Stanton had been a militant trade unionist before the war and had won the seat as a pro-war candidate.

Hall represented Aberdare from 1922 to 1946 and served under Ramsay MacDonald as Civil Lord of the Admiralty from 1929 to 1931. During the 1930s, with the Labour Party numbers in the Commons severely depleted after the 1931 General Election, Hall began to speak on a broader range of subjects having previously focused mainly on issues relating to his mining background.[1]

Constituency MP

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During his long political career, Hall remained closely tied to his native town and valley and was regarded as an effective and approachable constituency MP.[1] He devoted considerable energy to attract alternative industries to the Aberdare area following the decline of coal mining. It was largely through his efforts that a major new employer, Aberdare Cables, established a factory in the town in 1937 and Hall later became a director of the company. He was instrumental in establishing Royal Ordnance Factories at Robertstown and Rhigos during World War II as well as the new Hirwaun Trading Estate in 1945. These developments, at least to some extent, offset the impact of the closure of coal mines from the 1930s onwards.[1]

Wartime Government and Cabinet Minister

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Hall served under Winston Churchill as Under-Secretary of State for the Colonies from 1940 to 1942, as Financial Secretary to the Admiralty from 1942 to 1943, and as Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs from 1943 to 1945 and under Clement Attlee as Secretary of State for the Colonies from 1945 to 1946.[1]

He was appointed a Privy Counsellor in 1942, and on retirement from the House of Commons in 1946, he was raised to the peerage as Viscount Hall, of Cynon Valley in the County of Glamorgan, He then served as First Lord of the Admiralty under Attlee from 1946 to 1951 and as Deputy Leader of the House of Lords from 1947 to 1951.

Personal life

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He married Margaret Jones from Ynysybwl on 12 October 1910. They had two sons, one who inherited his father's title while the other was killed while serving in the Royal Navy during World War II. She died on 24 July 1941. Towards the end of his life, he married Alice Martha Walker from Brinklow, a member of Leicestershire County Council, in 1964.[1]

He was a member of the Church in Wales and was elected to its Representative Body[1]

Lord Hall died in Leicester in November 1965, aged 83, and was succeeded by his son William.

References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Morgan, Walter Thomas. "George Henry Hall, (1881–1965), first Viscount Hall of Cynon Valley (created 1946), politician". Dictionary of Welsh Biography. National Library of Wales. Retrieved 24 September 2020.
  2. ^ "1891 Wales census". Ancestry (subscription required). Retrieved 24 September 2020.
  3. ^ "The Elections". Aberdare Leader. 11 April 1908. p. 7. Retrieved 25 September 2020.

Sources

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Online sources

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Other sources

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Parliament of the United Kingdom
Preceded by Member of Parliament for Aberdare
19221946
Succeeded by
Political offices
Preceded by Civil Lord of the Admiralty
1929–1931
Succeeded by
Preceded by Under-Secretary of State for the Colonies
1940–1942
Succeeded by
Preceded by Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs
1943–1945
Succeeded by
Preceded by Secretary of State for the Colonies
1945–1946
Succeeded by
Preceded by First Lord of the Admiralty
1946–1951
Succeeded by
Peerage of the United Kingdom
New creation Viscount Hall
1946–1965
Succeeded by