Chinese

edit
sad; sadness; sorrow
sad; sadness; sorrow; grief
 
sorrow; grief; pity
sorrow; grief; pity; to grieve for; to pity; to lament
 
trad. (悲哀)
simp. #(悲哀)

Pronunciation

edit


Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial () (1) (34)
Final () (17) (41)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Öffnen Sie Öffnen Sie
Division () III I
Fanqie
Baxter pij 'oj
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/pˠiɪ/ /ʔʌi/
Pan
Wuyun
/pᵚi/ /ʔəi/
Shao
Rongfen
/piɪ/ /ʔɒi/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/pji/ /ʔəj/
Li
Rong
/pji/ /ʔᴀi/
Wang
Li
/pi/ /ɒi/
Bernard
Karlgren
/pi/ /ʔɑ̆i/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
āi
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
bei1 oi1
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
bēi āi
Middle
Chinese
‹ pij › ‹ ʔoj ›
Old
Chinese
/*prəj/ /*ʔˁəj/
Englisch sad to pity; sad

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1
No. 3067 14835
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1 1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*prɯl/ /*qɯːl/

Adjective

edit

悲哀

  1. sorrowful; sad

Synonyms

edit

Japanese

edit
Kanji in this term

Grade: 3
あい
Grade: S
on'yomi

Pronunciation

edit

Nomen

edit

()(あい) (hiaiひあい (fiai)?

  1. sorrow, sadness
    サラリーマン(せい)(かつ)()(あい)
    sararīman seikatsu no hiai
    the sorrows of the life of an office worker

Synonyms

edit

Adjective

edit

()(あい) (hiaiひあい (fiai)?-na (adnominal ()(あい) (hiai na), adverbial ()(あい) (hiai ni))

  1. pitiful; pathetic; miserable

Inflection

edit

References

edit
  1. 1.0 1.1 Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

edit
Hanja in this term

Nomen

edit

悲哀 (biae) (hangeul 비애)

  1. hanja form? of 비애 (grief; sorrow; sadness)