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{{short description|Motor rifle division of the Soviet military}}
{{Short description|Russian Ground Forces formation}}


{{more citations needed|date=February 2013}}
{{more citations needed|date=February 2013}}
{{Infobox military unit
{{Infobox military unit
| unit_name = 328th Rifle Division (1941–1942)<br>31st Guards Rifle Division (1942–1945)<br>29th Guards Mechanised Division (1945–1957)<br>29th Guards Motor Rifle Division (1957–1964)<br>31st Guards Motor Rifle Division (1964–1978)<br>21st Guards Tank Division (1978 – ca. 2004–6)<br>21st Guards Motor Rifle Division (ca. 2004–6 – 2009)<br>38th Guards Motorized Rifle Brigade
| unit_name = 328th Rifle Division (1941–1942)<hr>31st Guards Rifle Division (1942–1945)<hr>29th Guards Mechanised Division (1945–1957)<hr>29th Guards Motor Rifle Division (1957–1964)<hr>31st Guards Motor Rifle Division (1964–1978)<hr>21st Guards Tank Division (1978 – ca. 2004–6)<hr>21st Guards Motor Rifle Division (ca. 2004–6 – 2009)<hr>38th Guards Motorized Rifle Brigade
| image = 38th Guards Motorized Rifle Brigade's insignia.jpg
| image =
| caption = Sleeve insignia of the 38th Separate Guards Motor Rifle Brigade
| caption =
| dates = 1941–present
| dates = 1941{{endash}}2009
| country = {{flag|Soviet Union}}
| country = {{plainlist|
*[[Soviet Union]] (1941–1992)
⚫
| allegiance =
*[[Russia]] (1992–present)
⚫
| branch = [[File:Red Army flag.svg|23px]] [[Red Army]]
}}
⚫
| type = Mechanised Infantry
⚫
| allegiance =
| role =
⚫
| branch = [[File:Red Army flag.svg|24px]] [[Red Army]] (1941-1946)<br>
| size = Division
{{army|Soviet Union}} (1946-1991)<br>
⚫
| command_structure =
{{army|Russia}} (1991-present)
⚫
| garrison = <!-- Commanders -->
⚫
| type = Mechanised Infantry
⚫
| past_commanders =
| role =
⚫
| ceremonial_chief =
| size =
⚫
| notable_commanders = [[Porfiry Gudz]]<br>
⚫
| command_structure =
⚫
| garrison = <!-- Commanders -->
⚫
| past_commanders =
⚫
| ceremonial_chief =
⚫
| notable_commanders = [[Porfiry Gudz]]<br>
[[Ivan Burmakov]]
[[Ivan Burmakov]]
| identification_symbol =
| identification_symbol =
| identification_symbol_2 = <!-- Culture and history -->
| identification_symbol_2 = <!-- Culture and history -->
| nickname =
| nickname =
| patron =
| patron =
| motto =
| motto =
| colors =
| colors =
| march =
| march =
| mascot =
| mascot =
| battles = [[World War II]]
| battles = {{plainlist|
*[[World War II]]
⚫
| anniversaries =
*[[Russo-Ukrainian War]]
⚫
| decorations = {{plainlist|
}}
⚫
| anniversaries =
⚫
| decorations = {{plainlist|
*{{Order of Lenin Decoration}}
*{{Order of Lenin Decoration}}
*{{OrderRedBanner}}
*{{OrderRedBanner}}
*{{OrderSuvorov2ndClass}} 2nd class
*{{OrderSuvorov2ndClass}} 2nd class
}}
}}
| battle_honors =
| battle_honors =
| battle_honours = Vitebsk
| battle_honours = Vitebsk
}}
}}


The '''21st Guards "Vitebskaya order of Lenin Red Banner order of Suvorov" Motor Rifle Division''' was a unit of the [[Russian Ground Forces]], within the [[Far East Military District]], formed from the [[Red Army]] 31st Guards Rifle Division, an [[infantry]] [[division (military)|division]] of [[World War II]] which subsequently became a motor-rifle, a tank division and then back to a motor-rifle division. The division appears to have been disbanded, probably in 2009. At least one of its regiments became a separate motor rifle brigade.
The '''38th Separate Guards Vitebskaya order of Lenin Red Banner order of Suvorov Motor Rifle Brigade''' is a mechanized infantry brigade of the [[Russian Ground Forces]], part of the [[Eastern Military District]]. Military Unit в/ч 21720.

The brigade was formed during the 2009 Russian military reforms from the '''21st Guards Motor Rifle Division''' of the [[Far East Military District]], formed from the [[Red Army]] 31st Guards Rifle Division, an [[infantry]] [[division (military)|division]] of [[World War II]] which subsequently became a motor-rifle, a tank division and then back to a motor-rifle division. The division was disbanded in 2009 and its traditions inherited by the 38th Separate Guards Motor Rifle Brigade, formed from at least one of its regiments.


==World War II==
==World War II==
The division traced its origin to the [[328th Rifle Division (Soviet Union)|328th Rifle Division]], which was formed in the [[Yaroslavl]] area in August – September 1941. The division initially consisted of the 1103rd, 1105th and 1107th Rifle Regiments and the 889th Artillery Regiment. Colonel P.A. Yeremin (August, 1941 – April, 1942) took command. On December 7, 1941, the division entered battle in area of the city of Mikhajlov of the Ryazan area. Colonel P. M. Gudz (April – September, 1942) held command from April 1942.
The division traced its origin to the [[328th Rifle Division (Soviet Union)|328th Rifle Division]], which was formed in the [[Yaroslavl]] area in August – September 1941. The division initially consisted of the 1103rd, 1105th and 1107th Rifle Regiments and the 889th Artillery Regiment. Colonel P.A. Yeremin (August 1941 – April 1942) took command. On December 7, 1941, the division entered battle in area of the city of Mikhajlov of the Ryazan area. Colonel P. M. Gudz (April – September 1942) held command from April 1942.


As part of the [[10th Army (Soviet Union)|10th Army]], then the 16th Army, the division joined the [[Western Front (Soviet Union)|Western Front]], participated in counterattack near Moscow and the winter offensive of 1942, around [[Zhizdra]] and Kirov. On 24 May 1942 for its courage and heroism the division became the 31st Guards Rifle Division.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://samsv.narod.ru/Div/Sd/gvsd031/default.html |title=31-я гвардейская Витебская стрелковая дивизия |website=samsv.narod.ru |language=ru |trans-title=31st Guards Vitebsk Rifle Division |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303233303/http://samsv.narod.ru/Div/Sd/gvsd031/default.html |archive-date=2016-03-03 |access-date=2016-02-18 |url-status=live }}</ref> The new regimental titles were the 95th, 97th, and 99th Guards Rifle Regiments and the 64th Guards Artillery Regiment. In the summer of 1942 the division fought in the [[Bryansk]] area. General-Major A. F. Naumov (October, 1942 – February, 1943) took command in October 1942.
As part of the [[10th Army (Soviet Union)|10th Army]], then the 16th Army, the division joined the [[Western Front (Soviet Union)|Western Front]], participated in counterattack near Moscow and the winter offensive of 1942, around [[Zhizdra]] and Kirov. On 24 May 1942 for its courage and heroism the division became the 31st Guards Rifle Division.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://samsv.narod.ru/Div/Sd/gvsd031/default.html |title=31-я гвардейская Витебская стрелковая дивизия |website=samsv.narod.ru |language=ru |trans-title=31st Guards Vitebsk Rifle Division |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303233303/http://samsv.narod.ru/Div/Sd/gvsd031/default.html |archive-date=2016-03-03 |access-date=2016-02-18 |url-status=live }}</ref> The new regimental titles were the 95th, 97th, and 99th Guards Rifle Regiments and the 64th Guards Artillery Regiment. In the summer of 1942 the division fought in the [[Bryansk]] area. General-Major A. F. Naumov (October 1942 – February 1943) took command in October 1942.


Colonel, from 17 November 1943, general-major I. K. Shcherbina (February, 1943 – July, 1944) took command from February 1943. In 1943 as part of the 16th Army (since April, 16th, 1943 – [[11th Guards Army]]) the division attacked the Oryol direction, on 15 August participated in clearing the city of Karachev. It then took part in [[Operation Bagration]] and the [[Gumbinnen Offensive]]. On 2 July the division was awarded the honorific Vitebsk for skilful actions in [[Vitebsk–Orsha Offensive]], and on 23 July for clearing the city of [[Molodechno]] it was awarded the [[Order of the Red Banner]].
Colonel, from 17 November 1943, general-major I. K. Shcherbina (February 1943 – July 1944) took command from February 1943. In 1943 as part of the 16th Army (since April, 16th, 1943 – [[11th Guards Army]]) the division attacked the Oryol direction, on 15 August participated in clearing the city of Karachev. It then took part in [[Operation Bagration]] and the [[Gumbinnen Offensive]]. On 2 July the division was awarded the honorific Vitebsk for skilful actions in [[Vitebsk–Orsha Offensive]], and on 23 July for clearing the city of [[Molodechno]] it was awarded the [[Order of the Red Banner]].


In July during the [[Vilnius Offensive]] the division skillfully forced the [[Neman]] river near the city of [[Alytus]], for which, on 12 August it was awarded the [[Order of Suvorov]], 2nd class. Major General [[Ivan Burmakov]] took command of the division in July and remained in command until the end of the war. The division has entered East Prussia on 18 October against stiff German resistance. On 14 November for valour and heroism of soldiers in the invasion of East Prussia the division was awarded the [[Order of Lenin]].{{Sfn|Affairs Directorate of the Ministry of Defense of the Soviet Union|1967|p=558}}
In July during the [[Vilnius Offensive]] the division skillfully forced the [[Neman]] river near the city of [[Alytus]], for which, on 12 August it was awarded the [[Order of Suvorov]], 2nd class. Major General [[Ivan Burmakov]] took command of the division in July and remained in command until the end of the war. The division has entered East Prussia on 18 October against stiff German resistance. On 14 November for valour and heroism of soldiers in the invasion of East Prussia the division was awarded the [[Order of Lenin]].{{Sfn|Affairs Directorate of the Ministry of Defense of the Soviet Union|1967|p=558}}
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On 25 June 1957 29th Guards Mechanised Division was reflagged as the 29th Guards Motor Rifle Division at Kaunas. The division was subordinated to the [[10th Army Corps (Soviet Union)|10th Army Corps]]. In June 1960, the division became part of the [[Baltic Military District]]. On 19 February 1962, the 626th Separate Equipment Maintenance and Recovery Battalion was activated, along with a missile battalion.<ref name="MH2015" />
On 25 June 1957 29th Guards Mechanised Division was reflagged as the 29th Guards Motor Rifle Division at Kaunas. The division was subordinated to the [[10th Army Corps (Soviet Union)|10th Army Corps]]. In June 1960, the division became part of the [[Baltic Military District]]. On 19 February 1962, the 626th Separate Equipment Maintenance and Recovery Battalion was activated, along with a missile battalion.<ref name="MH2015" />


On 1 November 1965 the division became 31st Guards Motor Rifle Division (Russian: 31-я гвардейская мотострелковая Витебская ордена Ленина Краснознамённая ордена Суворова дивизия). In 1968, the 35th Separate Guards Sapper Battalion became a sapper-engineer battalion. It may have been based at Vilnius for a period. In August 1969 31st Guards Motor Rifle Division was relocated from [[Kaunas]] in the [[Lithuanian SSR]] ([[Baltic Military District]]) to [[Belogorsk]], in the Amur area of the [[Far East Military District]]. The division became part of the [[35th Army (Russia)|35th Army]]. In 1972, the chemical defence company was upgraded to the 158th Separate Chemical Defence Battalion.<ref name=MH2015 />
On 1 November 1965 the division became 31st Guards Motor Rifle Division (Russian: 31-я гвардейская мотострелковая Витебская ордена Ленина Краснознамённая ордена Суворова дивизия). In 1968, the 35th Separate Guards Sapper Battalion became a sapper-engineer battalion. It may have been based at Vilnius for a period. In August 1969 31st Guards Motor Rifle Division was relocated from [[Kaunas]] in the [[Lithuanian SSR]] ([[Baltic Military District]]) to [[Belogorsk]], [[Amur Oblast]], of the [[Far East Military District]]. The division became part of the [[35th Army (Russia)|35th Army]]. In 1972, the chemical defence company was upgraded to the 158th Separate Chemical Defence Battalion.<ref name=MH2015 />


On 16 May 1977 31st Guards Motor Rifle Division became 21st Guards Tank Division. The 93rd Guards Motor Rifle Regiment became the 111th Guards Tank Regiment and the 94th Guards Motor Rifle Regiment became the 125th Guards Tank Regiment. In 1980, the 389th Separate Motor Transport Battalion became the 1138th Separate Material Supply Battalion.<ref name=MH2015>Michael Holm, [http://www.ww2.dk/new/army/msd/31gvmsd.htm 31st Guards Motor Rifle Division], 2015.</ref>
On 16 May 1977 31st Guards Motor Rifle Division became 21st Guards Tank Division. The 93rd Guards Motor Rifle Regiment became the 111th Guards Tank Regiment and the 94th Guards Motor Rifle Regiment became the 125th Guards Tank Regiment. In 1980, the 389th Separate Motor Transport Battalion became the 1138th Separate Material Supply Battalion.<ref name=MH2015>Michael Holm, [http://www.ww2.dk/new/army/msd/31gvmsd.htm 31st Guards Motor Rifle Division], 2015.</ref>
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In 1988 the division's main regiments included:{{sfn|Feskov et al|2013|p=593}}<ref name=MH2015 />
In 1988 the division's main regiments included:{{sfn|Feskov et al|2013|p=593}}<ref name=MH2015 />
*Division Headquarters, Belogorsk-11, Amur Oblast
*Division Headquarters, Belogorsk-11, Amur Oblast
*2nd Guards Vitebsk Red Banner Orders of Suvorov and Kutuzov Tank Regiment - Ekaterinoslavka
*2nd Guards Vitebsk Red Banner Orders of Suvorov and Kutuzov Tank Regiment - [[Yekaterinoslavka, Amur Oblast]]
*111th Guards Red Banner Order of Kutuzov Tank Regiment - Ekaterinoslavka
*111th Guards Red Banner Order of Kutuzov Tank Regiment - Yekaterinoslavka
*125th Guards Tank Regiment - Belogorsk
*125th Guards Tank Regiment - Belogorsk
*277th Guards Motor Rifle Regiment - Belogorsk, which later became the 143rd Guards MRR
*277th Guards Motor Rifle Regiment - Belogorsk, which later became the 143rd Guards MRR
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== Post-Cold War ==
== Post-Cold War ==
[[File:38th Guards Motorized Rifle Brigade's insignia.jpg|thumb|right|Insignia of the 38th independent Guards Motor Rifle Brigade, showing the "Vitebsk" honorific]]
In the late 1980s or early 1990s the 111th Guards Tank Regiment was reorganised as the 143rd Guards Motor-Rifle [[Order of the Red Banner|Red Banner]] [[Order of Kutuzov]] Regiment at Yekaterinoslavka, a constant readiness unit ([[Military Unit Number]] 26381).
In the late 1980s or early 1990s the 111th Guards Tank Regiment was reorganised as the 143rd Guards Motor-Rifle [[Order of the Red Banner|Red Banner]] [[Order of Kutuzov]] Regiment at Yekaterinoslavka, a constant readiness unit ([[Military Unit Number]] 26381).


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| title = Войсковая часть 21720 (38-я ОМСБр)
| title = Войсковая часть 21720 (38-я ОМСБр)
| website = voinskayachast.net
| website = voinskayachast.net
| date = 20 July 2015
| language = ru
| language = ru
| trans-title = Military Unit 21720 (38th OMSBr)
| trans-title = Military Unit 21720 (38th OMSBr)
| access-date = 2016-03-01
| access-date = 2016-03-01
}}</ref> Today the 38th independent Guards Motor Rifle Brigade is located in [[Belogorsk, Amur Oblast]] as part of [[35th Combined Arms Army]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Восточный военный округ — ВВО|url=http://www.milkavkaz.net/2015/12/vostochnyj-voennyj-okrug.html|date=19 April 2017|work=Milkavkaz|accessdate=2017-06-25|language=ru |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170419231717/http://www.milkavkaz.net/2015/12/vostochnyj-voennyj-okrug.html|archivedate=2017-04-19}}</ref>
}}</ref> In 2015 the 38th independent Guards Motor Rifle Brigade was located in [[Belogorsk, Amur Oblast]] as part of [[35th Combined Arms Army]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Восточный военный округ — ВВО|url=http://www.milkavkaz.net/2015/12/vostochnyj-voennyj-okrug.html|date=19 April 2017|work=Milkavkaz|accessdate=2017-06-25|language=ru |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170419231717/http://www.milkavkaz.net/2015/12/vostochnyj-voennyj-okrug.html|archivedate=2017-04-19}}</ref>


In the first days of September 2020, about 30 contract servicemen of [[Military Unit Number]] 06455 (also 35th Army, possibly 4729 зенитная техническая ракетная база, a rocket artillery equipment depot) in the village of [[Tomichi]], Amur Oblast and their families were involuntarily transferred to Military Unit 21720 (Yekaterinoslavka, Amur Oblast).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Армейский бунт: контрактники в Амурской области пытаются отстоять свои права (ВИДЕО) |url=https://golubschool.ru/tpost/11bi68ksif-armeiskii-bunt-kontraktniki-v-amurskoi-o |access-date=2022-05-07 |website=golubschool.ru}}</ref> When the contract servicement came to the morning formation in Tomichi, officers read out a list of the names of about 30 fighters and announced that within 5 hours these servicemen were required to settle their affairs and immediately leave for Military Unit 21720. According to the [[Committee of Soldiers' Mothers of Russia|Committee of Soldiers' Mothers]], some of the service personnel involved had only recently been transferred to Tomichi from Yekaterinoslavka, and they were transferred back in breech of regulations as they were not going to be appointed to equal military positions. Some were also detained upon arrival.
<!--
143rd Guards Motor Rifle Regiment
История боевого пути берет свое начало в октябре 1941 г., когда из мобилизационных резервов Ярославской области был сформирован 1105-й Rifle Regiment. В годы Великой Отечественной войны полк принимал участие в освобождении Рязанской области, в Орловско-Курской операции, освобождении Белоруссии, Восточно-Прусской стратегической наступательной операции. За мужество и героизм сотни военнослужащих части были награждены орденами и медалями, а двое – удостоены высокого звания Героя Советского Союза.
24 мая 1942 г. за освобождение населенных пунктов Рязанской области, форсирование рек Жиздры и Оки 1105-й стрелковый полк был преобразован в 97-й гвардейский стрелковый полк.
19 февраля 1945 г. за участие в операции по взятию гг. Шталлупенена и Истенбурга полк награжден орденом Красного Знамени.
17 мая 1945 г. за участие в боях по взятию г. Кенигсберга полк был награжден орденом Кутузова 3-й степени.


The brigade was committed to actions as part of the [[2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine]]. Ukrainian reports said it suffered heavy losses in early April 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ВСУ уничтожили «элитное» подразделение войск рф – мотострелковую бригаду из Амурской области |url=https://www.ukrinform.ru/rubric-ato/3451413-vsu-unictozili-elitnoe-podrazdelenie-vojsk-rf-motostrelkovuu-brigadu-iz-amurskoj-oblasti.html |access-date=2022-05-07 |website=www.ukrinform.ru |language=ru}}</ref> The Ukrainian General Staff's public report for 5 May 2022 said that "some servicemen of the 38th Separate Motor Rifle Brigade ..of the Eastern Military District, after being taken to the recovery area due to significant personnel losses, refused to continue participating in hostilities in Ukraine. [The soldiers were] near the border and [were] waiting to move to the Russian Federation."<ref>{{Cite web |title=Morning report of the General Staff: the Armed Forces knocked out the occupiers from several villages on the border of Kherson and Mykolayiv |url=https://babel.ua/en/news/78351-morning-report-of-the-general-staff-the-armed-forces-knocked-out-the-occupiers-from-several-villages-on-the-border-of-kherson-and-mykolayiv |access-date=2022-05-07 |website=babel.ua |date=5 May 2022 |language=en}}</ref> In early June 2022 the 38th had lost a significant amount of combat power after heavy fighting in the [[Izyum]] region of Eastern Ukraine. A combination of poor leadership and lack of basic supplies had left the combined 38th and 64th Separate Motor Rifle Brigades with an estimated "less than 100 servicemen in total" according to Russian military bloggers.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Masinski |first=Dmitri |date=2022-06-03 |title=Russian 35th combined-arms army (Izyum) is destroyed by its own command |url=https://wartranslated.com/russian-35th-combined-arms-army-izyum-is-destroyed-by-its-own-command/ |access-date=2022-06-04 |website=WarTranslated - Dmitri Masinski |language=en-GB}} as reflected by https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/russian-offensive-campaign-assessment-june-3.</ref>
После окончания Великой Отечественной войны войсковая часть была передислоцирована на территорию Прибалтийского военного округа.
В 1945 году 97-й гв.сп был переформирован в 93-й гв.мехп 29-й гв.мехд.
В 1957 году 93-й гв.мехп был переформирован в 93-й гв.мсп 29-й гв.мсд.
В 1964 году 29-я гв.мсд была переименована в 31-ю гв.мсд.
В 1969 году 93-й гв.мсп был передислоцирован из г. Каунас Литовской ССР в ДВО.
В 1978 году 93-й гв.мсп был переформирован в 111-й гв.тп 21-й гв.тд.

https://web.archive.org/web/20160304050510/http://www.soldat.ru/forum/viewtopic.php?f=12&t=15555&start=350 -->


==Notes==
==Notes==
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== References ==
== References ==
* {{Cite book|url=https://cloud.mail.ru/public/1336025b4bbd/%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C%201%20(1920-1944).pdf|title=Сборник приказов РВСР, РВС СССР, НКО и Указов Президиума Верховного Совета СССР о награждении орденами СССР частей, соединениий и учреждений ВС СССР. Часть I. 1920 - 1944 гг.|last=Affairs Directorate of the Ministry of Defense of the Soviet Union|year=1967|location=Moscow|language=ru|trans-title=Collection of orders of the RVSR, RVS USSR and NKO on awarding orders to units, formations and establishments of the Armed Forces of the USSR. Part I. 1920–1944}}
* {{Cite book|url=https://cloud.mail.ru/public/1336025b4bbd/%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C%201%20(1920-1944).pdf|title=Сборник приказов РВСР, РВС СССР, НКО и Указов Президиума Верховного Совета СССР о награждении орденами СССР частей, соединениий и учреждений ВС СССР. Часть I. 1920 - 1944 гг.|last=Affairs Directorate of the Ministry of Defense of the Soviet Union|year=1967|location=Moscow|language=ru|trans-title=Collection of orders of the RVSR, RVS USSR and NKO on awarding orders to units, formations and establishments of the Armed Forces of the USSR. Part I. 1920–1944|access-date=2019-07-30|archive-date=2019-03-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327003401/https://cloud.mail.ru/public/1336025b4bbd/%25D0%25A7%25D0%25B0%25D1%2581%25D1%2582%25D1%258C%25201%2520(1920-1944).pdf|url-status=dead}}
* Keith E. Bonn (ed.), Slaughterhouse: The Handbook of the Eastern Front, Aberjona Press, Bedford, PA, 2005, p. 365
* Keith E. Bonn (ed.), Slaughterhouse: The Handbook of the Eastern Front, Aberjona Press, Bedford, PA, 2005, p. 365
* {{Cite book |last=Feskov |first=V.I. |url=http://vital.lib.tsu.ru/vital/access/manager/Repository/vtls:000479812?exact=sm_creator%3A%22%D0%A4%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%2C+%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D0%98%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87%22 |title=Вооруженные силы СССР после Второй Мировой войны: от Красной Армии к Советской |last2=Golikov |first2=V.I. |last3=Kalashnikov |first3=K.A. |last4=Slugin |first4=S.A. |publisher=Scientific and Technical Literature Publishing |year=2013 |isbn=9785895035306 |location=Tomsk |language=ru |trans-title=The Armed Forces of the USSR after World War II: From the Red Army to the Soviet: Part 1 Land Forces |ref={{SfnRef|Feskov et al|2013}}}}
* {{Cite book |last1=Feskov |first1=V.I. |url=http://vital.lib.tsu.ru/vital/access/manager/Repository/vtls:000479812?exact=sm_creator%3A%22%D0%A4%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%2C+%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D0%98%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87%22 |title=Вооруженные силы СССР после Второй Мировой войны: от Красной Армии к Советской |last2=Golikov |first2=V.I. |last3=Kalashnikov |first3=K.A. |last4=Slugin |first4=S.A. |publisher=Scientific and Technical Literature Publishing |year=2013 |isbn=9785895035306 |location=Tomsk |language=ru |trans-title=The Armed Forces of the USSR after World War II: From the Red Army to the Soviet: Part 1 Land Forces |ref={{SfnRef|Feskov et al|2013}}}}


== External links ==
== External links ==
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{{Brigades of the Russian Ground Forces}}
{{Brigades of the Russian Ground Forces}}


[[Category:Motor rifle divisions of the Soviet Union|021]]
[[Category:Mechanised infantry brigades of Russia]]
[[Category:Infantry divisions of Russia|021]]
[[Category:Military units and formations of Russia in the Russian invasion of Ukraine]]
[[Category:Military units and formations established in the 2000s]]
[[Category:Military units and formations awarded the Order of the Red Banner]]

[[ru:31-я гвардейская стрелковая дивизия]]

Latest revision as of 03:29, 22 April 2024

328th Rifle Division (1941–1942)
31st Guards Rifle Division (1942–1945)
29th Guards Mechanised Division (1945–1957)
29th Guards Motor Rifle Division (1957–1964)
31st Guards Motor Rifle Division (1964–1978)
21st Guards Tank Division (1978 – ca. 2004–6)
21st Guards Motor Rifle Division (ca. 2004–6 – 2009)
38th Guards Motorized Rifle Brigade
Sleeve insignia of the 38th Separate Guards Motor Rifle Brigade
Active1941–present
Land
Branch Red Army (1941-1946)

 Soviet Army (1946-1991)

 Russian Ground Forces (1991-present)
TypMechanised Infantry
Engagements
Decorations
Battle honoursVitebsk
Commanders
Notable
commanders		Porfiry Gudz
Ivan Burmakov

The 38th Separate Guards Vitebskaya order of Lenin Red Banner order of Suvorov Motor Rifle Brigade is a mechanized infantry brigade of the Russian Ground Forces, part of the Eastern Military District. Military Unit в/ч 21720.

The brigade was formed during the 2009 Russian military reforms from the 21st Guards Motor Rifle Division of the Far East Military District, formed from the Red Army 31st Guards Rifle Division, an infantry division of World War II which subsequently became a motor-rifle, a tank division and then back to a motor-rifle division. The division was disbanded in 2009 and its traditions inherited by the 38th Separate Guards Motor Rifle Brigade, formed from at least one of its regiments.

World War II

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The division traced its origin to the 328th Rifle Division, which was formed in the Yaroslavl area in August – September 1941. The division initially consisted of the 1103rd, 1105th and 1107th Rifle Regiments and the 889th Artillery Regiment. Colonel P.A. Yeremin (August 1941 – April 1942) took command. On December 7, 1941, the division entered battle in area of the city of Mikhajlov of the Ryazan area. Colonel P. M. Gudz (April – September 1942) held command from April 1942.

As part of the 10th Army, then the 16th Army, the division joined the Western Front, participated in counterattack near Moscow and the winter offensive of 1942, around Zhizdra and Kirov. On 24 May 1942 for its courage and heroism the division became the 31st Guards Rifle Division.[1] The new regimental titles were the 95th, 97th, and 99th Guards Rifle Regiments and the 64th Guards Artillery Regiment. In the summer of 1942 the division fought in the Bryansk area. General-Major A. F. Naumov (October 1942 – February 1943) took command in October 1942.

Colonel, from 17 November 1943, general-major I. K. Shcherbina (February 1943 – July 1944) took command from February 1943. In 1943 as part of the 16th Army (since April, 16th, 1943 – 11th Guards Army) the division attacked the Oryol direction, on 15 August participated in clearing the city of Karachev. It then took part in Operation Bagration and the Gumbinnen Offensive. On 2 July the division was awarded the honorific Vitebsk for skilful actions in Vitebsk–Orsha Offensive, and on 23 July for clearing the city of Molodechno it was awarded the Order of the Red Banner.

In July during the Vilnius Offensive the division skillfully forced the Neman river near the city of Alytus, for which, on 12 August it was awarded the Order of Suvorov, 2nd class. Major General Ivan Burmakov took command of the division in July and remained in command until the end of the war. The division has entered East Prussia on 18 October against stiff German resistance. On 14 November for valour and heroism of soldiers in the invasion of East Prussia the division was awarded the Order of Lenin.[2]

The division participated in the East Prussian Offensive of 1945. During the assault on Koenigsberg, now Kaliningrad, the division distinguished itself breaking the external defensive boundary. The division participated in the rout of the remaining German forces and the taking of the Pilau naval base.

More than 14,000 of its soldiers were awarded decorations and medals during the war, and eleven were awarded the coveted Hero of the Soviet Union.

Cold War

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In 1945 31st Guards Rifle Division was reformed as 29th Guards Mechanised Division, with the 94th, 93rd, and 92nd Guards Mechanised Regiments.

On 25 June 1957 29th Guards Mechanised Division was reflagged as the 29th Guards Motor Rifle Division at Kaunas. The division was subordinated to the 10th Army Corps. In June 1960, the division became part of the Baltic Military District. On 19 February 1962, the 626th Separate Equipment Maintenance and Recovery Battalion was activated, along with a missile battalion.[3]

On 1 November 1965 the division became 31st Guards Motor Rifle Division (Russian: 31-я гвардейская мотострелковая Витебская ордена Ленина Краснознамённая ордена Суворова дивизия). In 1968, the 35th Separate Guards Sapper Battalion became a sapper-engineer battalion. It may have been based at Vilnius for a period. In August 1969 31st Guards Motor Rifle Division was relocated from Kaunas in the Lithuanian SSR (Baltic Military District) to Belogorsk, Amur Oblast, of the Far East Military District. The division became part of the 35th Army. In 1972, the chemical defence company was upgraded to the 158th Separate Chemical Defence Battalion.[3]

On 16 May 1977 31st Guards Motor Rifle Division became 21st Guards Tank Division. The 93rd Guards Motor Rifle Regiment became the 111th Guards Tank Regiment and the 94th Guards Motor Rifle Regiment became the 125th Guards Tank Regiment. In 1980, the 389th Separate Motor Transport Battalion became the 1138th Separate Material Supply Battalion.[3]

In 1988 the division's main regiments included:[4][3]

  • Division Headquarters, Belogorsk-11, Amur Oblast
  • 2nd Guards Vitebsk Red Banner Orders of Suvorov and Kutuzov Tank Regiment - Yekaterinoslavka, Amur Oblast
  • 111th Guards Red Banner Order of Kutuzov Tank Regiment - Yekaterinoslavka
  • 125th Guards Tank Regiment - Belogorsk
  • 277th Guards Motor Rifle Regiment - Belogorsk, which later became the 143rd Guards MRR
  • 64th Guards Self-Propelled Artillery Regiment - Belogorsk
  • 1064th Antiaircraft Rocket Regiment - Belogorsk

Post-Cold War

[edit]

In the late 1980s or early 1990s the 111th Guards Tank Regiment was reorganised as the 143rd Guards Motor-Rifle Red Banner Order of Kutuzov Regiment at Yekaterinoslavka, a constant readiness unit (Military Unit Number 26381).

One of the machine-gun artillery battalions (was) deployed in Blagoveshchensk.

In 2002 the division became the 21st Guards Motor Rifle Division, and its full formal title in 2009 was the 21st Guards Motor Rifle Vitebsk Lenin Red Banner Order of Suvorov Division. The division was disbanded and its 111th Guards Tank Regiment became the 143rd Guards Motor Rifle Regiment.[5]

The 143rd Guards Motor Rifle Regiment was upgraded to brigade strength as the 38th independent Guards Motor Rifle Brigade.[6] In 2015 the 38th independent Guards Motor Rifle Brigade was located in Belogorsk, Amur Oblast as part of 35th Combined Arms Army.[7]

In the first days of September 2020, about 30 contract servicemen of Military Unit Number 06455 (also 35th Army, possibly 4729 зенитная техническая ракетная база, a rocket artillery equipment depot) in the village of Tomichi, Amur Oblast and their families were involuntarily transferred to Military Unit 21720 (Yekaterinoslavka, Amur Oblast).[8] When the contract servicement came to the morning formation in Tomichi, officers read out a list of the names of about 30 fighters and announced that within 5 hours these servicemen were required to settle their affairs and immediately leave for Military Unit 21720. According to the Committee of Soldiers' Mothers, some of the service personnel involved had only recently been transferred to Tomichi from Yekaterinoslavka, and they were transferred back in breech of regulations as they were not going to be appointed to equal military positions. Some were also detained upon arrival.

The brigade was committed to actions as part of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. Ukrainian reports said it suffered heavy losses in early April 2022.[9] The Ukrainian General Staff's public report for 5 May 2022 said that "some servicemen of the 38th Separate Motor Rifle Brigade ..of the Eastern Military District, after being taken to the recovery area due to significant personnel losses, refused to continue participating in hostilities in Ukraine. [The soldiers were] near the border and [were] waiting to move to the Russian Federation."[10] In early June 2022 the 38th had lost a significant amount of combat power after heavy fighting in the Izyum region of Eastern Ukraine. A combination of poor leadership and lack of basic supplies had left the combined 38th and 64th Separate Motor Rifle Brigades with an estimated "less than 100 servicemen in total" according to Russian military bloggers.[11]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ "31-я гвардейская Витебская стрелковая дивизия" [31st Guards Vitebsk Rifle Division]. samsv.narod.ru (in Russian). Archived from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2016-02-18.
  2. ^ Affairs Directorate of the Ministry of Defense of the Soviet Union 1967, p. 558.
  3. ^ a b c d Michael Holm, 31st Guards Motor Rifle Division, 2015.
  4. ^ Feskov et al 2013, p. 593.
  5. ^ "Продолжение омсбр 2000–х годов" [New Separate Motor Rifle Brigades of the 2000s]. www.soldat.ru (in Russian). Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2016-02-18.
  6. ^ "Войсковая часть 21720 (38-я ОМСБр)" [Military Unit 21720 (38th OMSBr)]. voinskayachast.net (in Russian). 20 July 2015. Retrieved 2016-03-01.
  7. ^ "Восточный военный округ — ВВО". Milkavkaz (in Russian). 19 April 2017. Archived from the original on 2017-04-19. Retrieved 2017-06-25.
  8. ^ "Армейский бунт: контрактники в Амурской области пытаются отстоять свои права (ВИДЕО)". golubschool.ru. Retrieved 2022-05-07.
  9. ^ "ВСУ уничтожили «элитное» подразделение войск рф – мотострелковую бригаду из Амурской области". www.ukrinform.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 2022-05-07.
  10. ^ "Morning report of the General Staff: the Armed Forces knocked out the occupiers from several villages on the border of Kherson and Mykolayiv". babel.ua. 5 May 2022. Retrieved 2022-05-07.
  11. ^ Masinski, Dmitri (2022-06-03). "Russian 35th combined-arms army (Izyum) is destroyed by its own command". WarTranslated - Dmitri Masinski. Retrieved 2022-06-04. as reflected by https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/russian-offensive-campaign-assessment-june-3.

References

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