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{{AFC submission||ns=118|u=Kemsterly|ts=20201106221833}} <!-- Do not remove this line! -->

{{Chembox
{{Chembox
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| index_label=anhydrous
| index_label=anhydrous
| index1_label=monohydrate
| index1_label=monohydrate
| index3_label=trihydrate
| index4_label=tetrahydrate
| index4_label=tetrahydrate
| index5_label=pentahydrate
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CASNo = 13770-61-1
| CASNo = 13770-61-1
| CASNo1=13465-14-0
| CASNo1=13465-14-0
| CASNo3=15650-88-1
| CASNo3=15650-88-1
| ChemSpiderID = 24472
| ChemSpiderID1 = 2341257
| ChemSpiderID3 = 26948018
| PubChem=26265
| PubChem=26265
| PubChem1=3084148
| PubChem1=3084148
| PubChem3=91886655
| PubChem3=91886655
| PubChem4=138753438
| PubChem4=138753438
| PubChem5=22446589
| EC_number = 237-393-5
| EC_number = 237-393-5
| RTECS = NL1750000
| RTECS = NL1750000
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = WOP84073FA
| UNII = WOP84073FA
| SMILES = [N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[In+3]
| SMILES = [N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[In+3]
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| InChIKey4 = ZYYDOSLSINDXIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
| InChIKey4 = ZYYDOSLSINDXIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
}}
}}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
| AtmosphericOHRateConstant =
| Appearance = White solid
| BoilingPt =
| BoilingPtC =
| BoilingPt_ref =
| BoilingPt_notes=
| Density = 2.43 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (pentahydrate)<ref name="penta" />
| Formula = In(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub>
| HenryConstant =
| LogP =
| MolarMass = 300.83 g/mol
| MeltingPt =
| MeltingPtC = 100
| MeltingPt_ref =
| MeltingPt_notes= (decomposes, hydrate)
| pKa =
| pKb =
| Solubility = Soluble
| SolubleOther =
| Solvent =
| VaporPressure =
}}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure
| Structure_ref = <ref name="penta">{{cite journal |author1=M. A. Malyarik |author2=S. P. Petrosyants |author3=A. B. Ilyukhin |author4=Yu. A. Buslaev |title=Polyfunctionality of the nitrate group, coordination numbers of trivalent indium in nitrates complexes, and crystal structures of [In(NO<sub>3</sub>)(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>5</sub>](NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> and HK<sub>6</sub>[In(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub>(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>2</sub>]<sub>3</sub>(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub>|journal=Russian Journal of Inorganic Chemistry |date=1993 |volume=38 |issue=12 |pages=1849–1854 |url=https://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=3854200 |issn=0036-0236}}</ref>
| CrystalStruct = [[monoclinic crystal system|Monoclinic]]
| SpaceGroup = C2/c
| LattConst_a = 10.35 Å
| LattConst_b = 9.17 Å
| LattConst_c = 11.25 Å
| LattConst_alpha =
| LattConst_beta = 91.05
| LattConst_gamma =
| LattConst_ref =
| LattConst_Comment =
| UnitCellVolume = 1068 Å<sup>3</sup>
| UnitCellFormulas =
| Coordination =
| MolShape =
| OrbitalHybridisation =
| Dipole =
}}
|Section7={{Chembox Hazards
|Section7={{Chembox Hazards
| GHSPictograms = {{GHS03}}{{GHS07}}
| GHSPictograms = {{GHS03}}{{GHS07}}
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}}
}}
}}
}}
'''Indium(III) nitrate''' is a [[nitrate]] salt of [[indium]] which forms various hydrates. Only the pentahydrate has been crystallographically verified. Other hydrates are also reported in literature, such as the trihydrate.<ref name="penta" /><ref name="coord" /><ref name="raman">{{cite journal |author1=Galina V. Kozhevnikova |author2=Gábor Keresztury |title=The state of indium ions in nitrate solutions: A Raman spectroscopic study |journal=Inorganica Chimica Acta |date=1985 |volume=98 |issue=1 |pages=59–65 |doi=10.1016/S0020-1693(00)90751-5 |language=en}}</ref>
'''Indium(III) nitrate''' is a [[nitrate]] salt of [[indium]].


⚫
==Production and reactions==
==Properties==
Indium(III) nitrate hydrate is produced by the dissolution of indium metal in concentrated [[nitric acid]] followed by evaporation of the solution:<ref name="penta" /><ref name="coord">{{cite journal |author1=D. G. Tuck |author2=E. J. Woodhouse |author3=P. Carty |title=Co-ordination compounds of indium. Part III. Indium(III) nitrate species |journal=Journal of the Chemical Society A: Inorganic, Physical, Theoretical |date=1966 |pages=1077–1080 |doi=10.1039/J19660001077 |language=en}}</ref><ref name="raman" />
:{{chem2 | In + 4 HNO3 -> In(NO3)3 + NO + 2 H2O }}
The hydrate first decomposes to a basic salt and then to [[indium(III) oxide]] at 240 °C. Anhydrous indium(III) nitrate is claimed to be produced by the reaction of anhydrous [[indium(III) chloride]] and [[dinitrogen pentoxide]].<ref name="coord" /><ref name="anhyd">{{cite journal |author1=B. O. Field |author2=C. J. Hardy |title=Volatile and anhydrous nitrato-complexes of metals: preparation by the use of dinitrogen pentroxide, and measurement of infrared spectra |journal=Journal of the Chemical Society |date=1964 |pages=4428–4434 |doi=10.1039/JR9640004428 |language=en}}</ref>


In the presence of excess nitrate ions, indium(III) nitrate converts to the [In(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub>]<sup>−</sup> ion.<ref name="penta" /><ref name="coord" />
Indium nitrate forms colourless, [[deliquescent]] needle shaped crystals. One-third of its [[water of crystallization]] is decomposed at 100° and it becomes anhydrous when desiccated with concentrated sulfuric acid. It forms a double salt with [[ammonium nitrate]].


The hydrolysis of indium(III) nitrate yields [[indium(III) hydroxide]]. It also reacts with [[sodium tungstate]] to form In(OH)WO<sub>4</sub>, [In(OH)<sub>2</sub>]<sub>2</sub>WO<sub>4</sub>, NaInWO<sub>4</sub> or In<sub>2</sub>(WO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub> depending on pH.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Keita Yura |author2=Karl C. Fredrikson |author3=Egon Matijević |title=Preparation and properties of uniform colloidal indium compounds of different morphologies |journal=Colloids and Surfaces |date=1990 |volume=50 |pages=281–293 |doi=10.1016/0166-6622(90)80270-E |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | author = Shcherbina, K. G.; Mokhosoev, M. V.; Gruba, A. I. | title = Reaction of aluminum and indium nitrates with sodium tungstate in hot solutions | language = ru | journal = Zhurnal Neorganicheskoi Khimii | date = 1974 | volume = 19 | issue = 2 | pages = 396–399 | issn = 0044-457X }}</ref>
⚫
==Production==


==Structure==
Indium metal reacts with [[nitric acid]] and reduces the acid to [[ammonia]] gas, due to the reducing nature of indium metal. A more pure product can be obtained by reacting [[Indium(III) hydroxide|indium (III) hydroxide]] with nitric acid it dissolves slowly in dilute nitric acid and more rapidly in concentrated nitric acid. The indium nitrate crystallizes from the nitric acid solution due to its lower solubility in nitric acid due to the common ion effect.<ref>{{cite web |title=Indium nitrate, 2In(NO3)3 |url=http://indium.atomistry.com/indium_nitrate.html |website=indium.atomistry.com}}</ref>
Only the pentahydrate has been structurally elucidated. The pentahydrate consists of octahedral [In(NO<sub>3</sub>)(H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub>5</sub>]<sup>2+</sup> centers as well as two nitrates and is monoclinic.<ref name="penta" />


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}

{{nitrates}}

{{Indium compounds}}

[[Category:Indium compounds]]
[[Category:Nitrates]]

Latest revision as of 09:20, 2 May 2024

Indium(III) nitrate
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.033.979 Edit this at Wikidata
EC Number
  • anhydrous: 237-393-5
RTECS number
  • anhydrous: NL1750000
UNII
  • InChI=1S/In.3NO3/c;3*2-1(3)4/q+3;3*-1
    Key: LKRFCKCBYVZXTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  • monohydrate: InChI=1S/In.3NO3.H2O/c;3*2-1(3)4;/h;;;;1H2/q+3;3*-1;
    Key: YZZFBYAKINKKFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  • trihydrate: InChI=1S/In.3NO3.3H2O/c;3*2-1(3)4;;;/h;;;;3*1H2/q+3;3*-1;;;
    Key: HVDZMISZAKTZFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  • tetrahydrate: InChI=1S/In.3NO3.4H2O/c;3*2-1(3)4;;;;/h;;;;4*1H2/q+3;3*-1;;;;
    Key: ZYYDOSLSINDXIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  • anhydrous: [N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[In+3]
  • monohydrate: [N+](=O)([O-])O[In](O[N+](=O)[O-])O[N+](=O)[O-].O
  • trihydrate: [N+](=O)([O-])O[In](O[N+](=O)[O-])O[N+](=O)[O-].O.O.O
  • tetrahydrate: [N+](=O)([O-])O[In](O[N+](=O)[O-])O[N+](=O)[O-].O.O.O.O
Properties
In(NO3)3
Molar mass 300.83 g/mol
Appearance White solid
Density 2.43 g/cm3 (pentahydrate)[1]
Melting point 100 °C (212 °F; 373 K) (decomposes, hydrate)
Soluble
Structure[1]
Monoclinic
C2/c
a = 10.35 Å, b = 9.17 Å, c = 11.25 Å
α = 90°, β = 91.05°, γ = 90°
1068 Å3
Hazards
GHS labelling:
GHS03: OxidizingGHS07: Exclamation mark
Warning
H272, H315, H319, H335
P210, P220, P221, P261, P264, P271, P280, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P321, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P370+P378, P403+P233, P405, P501
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

Indium(III) nitrate is a nitrate salt of indium which forms various hydrates. Only the pentahydrate has been crystallographically verified. Other hydrates are also reported in literature, such as the trihydrate.[1][2][3]

Production and reactions

[edit]

Indium(III) nitrate hydrate is produced by the dissolution of indium metal in concentrated nitric acid followed by evaporation of the solution:[1][2][3]

In + 4 HNO3 → In(NO3)3 + NO + 2 H2O

The hydrate first decomposes to a basic salt and then to indium(III) oxide at 240 °C. Anhydrous indium(III) nitrate is claimed to be produced by the reaction of anhydrous indium(III) chloride and dinitrogen pentoxide.[2][4]

In the presence of excess nitrate ions, indium(III) nitrate converts to the [In(NO3)4]− ion.[1][2]

The hydrolysis of indium(III) nitrate yields indium(III) hydroxide. It also reacts with sodium tungstate to form In(OH)WO4, [In(OH)2]2WO4, NaInWO4 or In2(WO4)3 depending on pH.[5][6]

Structure

[edit]

Only the pentahydrate has been structurally elucidated. The pentahydrate consists of octahedral [In(NO3)(H2O)5]2+ centers as well as two nitrates and is monoclinic.[1]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e f M. A. Malyarik; S. P. Petrosyants; A. B. Ilyukhin; Yu. A. Buslaev (1993). "Polyfunctionality of the nitrate group, coordination numbers of trivalent indium in nitrates complexes, and crystal structures of [In(NO3)(H2O)5](NO3)2 and HK6[In(NO3)4(H2O)2]3(NO3)4". Russian Journal of Inorganic Chemistry. 38 (12): 1849–1854. ISSN 0036-0236.
  2. ^ a b c d D. G. Tuck; E. J. Woodhouse; P. Carty (1966). "Co-ordination compounds of indium. Part III. Indium(III) nitrate species". Journal of the Chemical Society A: Inorganic, Physical, Theoretical: 1077–1080. doi:10.1039/J19660001077.
  3. ^ a b Galina V. Kozhevnikova; Gábor Keresztury (1985). "The state of indium ions in nitrate solutions: A Raman spectroscopic study". Inorganica Chimica Acta. 98 (1): 59–65. doi:10.1016/S0020-1693(00)90751-5.
  4. ^ B. O. Field; C. J. Hardy (1964). "Volatile and anhydrous nitrato-complexes of metals: preparation by the use of dinitrogen pentroxide, and measurement of infrared spectra". Journal of the Chemical Society: 4428–4434. doi:10.1039/JR9640004428.
  5. ^ Keita Yura; Karl C. Fredrikson; Egon Matijević (1990). "Preparation and properties of uniform colloidal indium compounds of different morphologies". Colloids and Surfaces. 50: 281–293. doi:10.1016/0166-6622(90)80270-E.
  6. ^ Shcherbina, K. G.; Mokhosoev, M. V.; Gruba, A. I. (1974). "Reaction of aluminum and indium nitrates with sodium tungstate in hot solutions". Zhurnal Neorganicheskoi Khimii (in Russian). 19 (2): 396–399. ISSN 0044-457X.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
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