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{{Infobox officeholder
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Shabana Mahmood
| name = Shabana Mahmood
| honorific-suffix = [[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|MP]]
| honorific-suffix = [[King's Counsel |KC]] [[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|MP]]
| image = File:Shabana Mahmood Official Cabinet Portrait, July 2024 (cropped) 2.jpg
| image = File:Shabana Mahmood Official Cabinet Portrait, July 2024 (cropped) 2.jpg
| caption = Official portrait, 2024
| caption = Official portrait, 2024
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| embed = yes
| embed = yes
| office = [[Shadow Cabinet]]
| office = [[Shadow Cabinet]]
| subterm = 2023 – 2024
| subterm = 2023–2024
| suboffice = [[Shadow Secretary of State for Justice|Justice]], [[Shadow Lord Chancellor|Lord Chancellor]]
| suboffice = [[Shadow Secretary of State for Justice|Justice]], [[Shadow Lord Chancellor|Lord Chancellor]]
| subterm1 = 2021–2023
| subterm1 = 2021–2023
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| subterm2 = 2015
| subterm2 = 2015
| suboffice2 = [[Shadow Chief Secretary to the Treasury|Chief Secretary to the Treasury]]
| suboffice2 = [[Shadow Chief Secretary to the Treasury|Chief Secretary to the Treasury]]
| subterm3 = 2013 – 2015
| subterm3 = 2013–2015
| suboffice3 = [[Shadow Financial Secretary to the Treasury|Financial Secretary to the Treasury]]
| suboffice3 = [[Shadow Financial Secretary to the Treasury|Financial Secretary to the Treasury]]
| office3 = [[Frontbencher|Shadow Minister]]
| office3 = [[Frontbencher|Shadow Minister]]
| subterm4 = 2013
| subterm4 = 2013
| suboffice4 = [[Minister of State for Skills, Apprenticeships and Higher Education|Universities and Science]]
| suboffice4 = [[Minister of State for Skills, Apprenticeships and Higher Education|Universities and Science]]
| subterm5 = 2011 – 2013
| subterm5 = 2011–2013
| suboffice5 = [[Minister of State for Skills, Apprenticeships and Higher Education|Higher Education]]
| suboffice5 = [[Minister of State for Skills, Apprenticeships and Higher Education|Higher Education]]
| subterm6 = 2010 – 2011
| subterm6 = 2010–2011
| suboffice6 = [[Minister_of_State_for_Prisons,_Parole_and_Probation|Prisons]]
| suboffice6 = [[Minister_of_State_for_Prisons,_Parole_and_Probation|Prisons]]
{{collapsed infobox section end}}}}
{{collapsed infobox section end}}}}
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| honorific_prefix = [[The Right Honourable]]
| honorific_prefix = [[The Right Honourable]]
}}
}}
'''Shabana Mahmood''' ({{lang-ur|شبانہ محمود}}; born 17 September 1980) is a British politician and barrister who has been serving as [[Lord Chancellor]] and [[Secretary of State for Justice]] since 2024.<ref name="ministerialappts24">{{Cite web |title=Ministerial Appointments: July 2024 |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/ministerial-appointments-july-2024 |access-date=5 July 2024 |website=GOV.UK |language=en |archive-date=5 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240705113848/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/ministerial-appointments-july-2024 |url-status=live }}</ref> A member of the [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]], she has been [[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|Member of Parliament]] (MP) for [[Birmingham Ladywood]] since 2010. Between 2010 and 2024 she held various shadow junior ministerial and shadow cabinet positions under leaders [[Ed Miliband]], [[Harriet Harman]], and [[Keir Starmer]].
'''Shabana Mahmood''' (born 17 September 1980) is a British politician and barrister who has been serving as [[Lord Chancellor]] and [[Secretary of State for Justice]] since 2024. A member of the [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]], she has been [[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|Member of Parliament]] (MP) for [[Birmingham Ladywood]] since 2010. Between 2010 and 2024 she held various shadow junior ministerial and shadow cabinet positions under leaders [[Ed Miliband]], [[Harriet Harman]], and [[Keir Starmer]].


Mahmood graduated in 2002 from [[Lincoln College, Oxford|Lincoln College]], [[University of Oxford]],<ref name="Lincoln2001">{{cite magazine |last= |first= |date=2001–2002 |title=Lincoln College Record |url=https://archives.lincoln.ox.ac.uk/records/LC/P/R/1/80 |magazine=Lincoln College Record |issue=80 |page=64 |publisher=Lincoln College}}</ref> and went on to complete the [[Bar Vocational Course]] at the [[Inns of Court School of Law]] in 2003 after receiving a scholarship. As a barrister, her specialism is in [[professional indemnity]]. Her selection as the Labour Party candidate for Birmingham Ladywood for the [[2010 United Kingdom general election|2010 general election]] caused some dissent in the constituency party, but was found by an inquiry led by a member of the [[National Executive Committee of the Labour Party]] to be legitimate. She was subsequently elected as MP for Birmingham Ladywood, becoming one of the UK's first female [[Muslim]] MPs, along with [[Rushanara Ali]] and [[Yasmin Qureshi]]. She then held numerous frontbench positions from October 2010 to May 2015, lastly as [[Shadow Financial Secretary to the Treasury]] from 2013 to 2015.
Mahmood graduated with an [[upper-second class]] degree in Law from [[Lincoln College, Oxford|Lincoln College]], [[University of Oxford]], in 2002 and went on to complete the [[Bar Vocational Course]] at the [[Inns of Court School of Law]] in 2003 after receiving a scholarship. As a barrister, her specialism is in [[professional indemnity]]. Her selection as the Labour Party candidate for Birmingham Ladywood for the [[2010 United Kingdom general election|2010 general election]] caused some dissent in the constituency party, but was found by an inquiry led by a member of the [[National Executive Committee of the Labour Party]] to be legitimate. She was subsequently elected as MP for Birmingham Ladywood, becoming one of the UK's first female [[Muslim]] MPs, along with [[Rushanara Ali]] and [[Yasmin Qureshi]]. Between 2010 and 2024, while the Labour Party was the [[His Majesty's Most Loyal Opposition|Official Opposition]], she held various [[shadow cabinet]] frontbench positions, including as [[Shadow Financial Secretary to the Treasury]] from 2013 to 2015.


After the [[2015 United Kingdom general election|2015 general election]], Mahmood was promoted to the [[Shadow cabinet|Shadow Cabinet]] and served as [[Shadow Chief Secretary to the Treasury]] in the interim [[Second Shadow Cabinet of Harriet Harman|Shadow Cabinet of Harriet Harman]]. Following [[Jeremy Corbyn]]'s [[2015 Labour Party leadership election (UK)|election as Labour leader]], Mahmood resigned from the position and declined to serve in [[Shadow Cabinet of Jeremy Corbyn|Corbyn's Shadow Cabinet]]. She supported [[Owen Smith]] in the attempt to replace Corbyn in the [[2016 Labour Party leadership election (UK)|2016 leadership election]]. After serving on the backbenches between 2015 and 2021, Mahmood returned to the shadow cabinet in the [[May 2021 British shadow cabinet reshuffle|May 2021 British Shadow Cabinet reshuffle]] under Labour Leader Keir Starmer as the Party's National Campaign Coordinator. In the [[2023 British shadow cabinet reshuffle|September 2023 British Shadow Cabinet Reshuffle]], Starmer appointed Mahmood [[Shadow Secretary of State for Justice]] and [[Shadow Lord Chancellor]].
After the [[2015 United Kingdom general election|2015 general election]], Mahmood was promoted to the [[Shadow cabinet]] and served as [[Shadow Chief Secretary to the Treasury]] in the interim [[Second Shadow Cabinet of Harriet Harman|Shadow Cabinet of Harriet Harman]]. Following [[Jeremy Corbyn]]'s [[2015 Labour Party leadership election (UK)|election as Labour leader]], Mahmood resigned from the position and declined to serve in [[Shadow Cabinet of Jeremy Corbyn|Corbyn's Shadow Cabinet]]. She supported [[Owen Smith]] in the attempt to replace Corbyn in the [[2016 Labour Party leadership election (UK)|2016 leadership election]]. After serving on the backbenches between 2015 and 2021, Mahmood returned to the shadow cabinet in the [[May 2021 British shadow cabinet reshuffle]] under Labour Leader Keir Starmer as the Party's National Campaign Coordinator. In the [[2023 British shadow cabinet reshuffle|September 2023 British Shadow Cabinet Reshuffle]], Starmer appointed Mahmood [[Shadow Secretary of State for Justice]] and [[Shadow Lord Chancellor]].


Following Labour's victory in the [[2024 United Kingdom general election|2024 general election]], Mahmood was appointed [[Lord Chancellor]] and [[Secretary of State for Justice]] in Starmer’s [[Starmer ministry|government]].
Following Labour's victory in the [[2024 United Kingdom general election|2024 general election]], Mahmood was appointed [[Lord Chancellor]] and [[Secretary of State for Justice]] in Starmer's [[Starmer ministry|government]].


==Early life and career==
==Early life and career==
Shabana Mahmood was born on 17 September 1980 in [[Birmingham]],<ref name="SM11">{{cite web|url=http://www.shabanamahmood.org/about-shabana|title=About Shabana Mahmood |website=Shabana Mahmood's website |access-date=7 December 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111214232230/http://www.shabanamahmood.org/about-shabana|archive-date=14 December 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=About |url=https://www.shabanamahmood.org/about/ |website=Shabana Mahmood's website |access-date=23 April 2024 |archive-date=18 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231118220744/https://www.shabanamahmood.org/about/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="DODS">{{cite book |title=Dods Parliamentary Companion 2018 |year=2017 |publisher=Dods |location=London |isbn=978-1-908232-27-4}}</ref> the daughter of Zubaida and Mahmood Ahmed.<ref name="SM11"/> Her parents are of [[British Pakistani|Pakistani]] descent with roots in [[Mirpur, Azad Kashmir|Mirpur]], [[Azad Kashmir|Kashmir]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.arabnews.com/node/2550701/pakistan|title=Pakistan-origin Shabana Mahmood is UK’s first Muslim woman Lord Chancellor|work=Arab News|date=16 July 2024|access-date=19 July 2024}}</ref> She has a twin brother.<ref name="POG"/> From 1981 to 1986 she lived with her family in [[Taif]], [[Saudi Arabia]], where her father was working as a civil engineer on [[desalination]].<ref name="SM11"/><ref name="POG"/> After that, she was brought up in Birmingham, where, having failed the [[eleven-plus]], she attended [[Small Heath School]] and [[King Edward VI Camp Hill School for Girls]].<ref name="first">{{cite news|last1=Adetunji|first1=Jo|last2=Tran|first2=Mark|date=7 May 2010|title=General election 2010: first female Muslim MPs elected|work=The Guardian|location=London|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2010/may/07/general-election-female-muslim-mps|url-status=live|access-date=7 May 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190407070956/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2010/may/07/general-election-female-muslim-mps|archive-date=7 April 2019}}</ref><ref name="personal">{{cite web|title=Shabana Mahmood MP|url=http://www.shabanamahmood.org/ |website=Shabana Mahmood's website |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110905222253/http://www.shabanamahmood.org/|archive-date=5 September 2011|access-date=7 May 2010}} Retrieved 7 December 2011</ref><ref name="DODS"/><ref name="POG"/>
Shabana Mahmood was born on 17 September 1980 in [[Birmingham]], the daughter of Zubaida and Mahmood Ahmed.<ref name="DODS">{{cite book |title=Dods Parliamentary Companion 2018 |year=2017 |publisher=Dods |location=London |isbn=978-1-908232-27-4 |page=249}}</ref> Her parents are of [[British Pakistani|Pakistani]] descent with roots in [[Mirpur, Azad Kashmir|Mirpur]], [[Azad Kashmir|Kashmir]].<ref name="ARN">{{cite news|url=https://www.arabnews.com/node/2550701/pakistan|title=Pakistan-origin Shabana Mahmood is UK's first Muslim woman Lord Chancellor|work=Arab News|date=16 July 2024|access-date=19 July 2024}}</ref> She has a twin brother.<ref name="POG"/> From 1981 to 1986 she lived with her family in [[Taif]], [[Saudi Arabia]], where her father was working as a civil engineer on [[desalination]].<ref name="ARN"/><ref name="POG"/> After that, she was brought up in Birmingham, where, having failed the [[eleven-plus]], she attended [[Small Heath School]] and [[King Edward VI Camp Hill School for Girls]].<ref name="first">{{cite news|last1=Adetunji|first1=Jo|last2=Tran|first2=Mark|date=7 May 2010|title=General election 2010: first female Muslim MPs elected|work=The Guardian|location=London|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2010/may/07/general-election-female-muslim-mps|url-status=live|access-date=7 May 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190407070956/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2010/may/07/general-election-female-muslim-mps|archive-date=7 April 2019}}</ref><ref name="DODS"/><ref name="POG"/>


Her mother worked in a corner grocery shop that the family bought after returning to England.<ref name="POG"/> Her father became chair of the local [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour party]],<ref name =swain>{{cite news|url =https://www.theguardian.com/education/2011/nov/28/mahmood-shadow-higher-education-minister|title =Shabana Mahmood, the shadow universities minister, is eager for battle|newspaper =The Guardian|date =28 November 2011|first =Harriet|last =Swain|access-date =10 May 2021|archive-date =10 May 2021|archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20210510075700/https://www.theguardian.com/education/2011/nov/28/mahmood-shadow-higher-education-minister|url-status =live}}</ref> and as a teenager, Mahmood helped him with campaigning in local elections.<ref name="ZEFF23"/> In an interview with [[Nick Robinson (journalist)|Nick Robinson]] in 2024, Mahmood said that although politics "had always been part of [her] life", her ambition when younger was to be a [[barrister]], and cited the example of the fictional ''[[Kavanagh QC]]''.<ref name="POLTHINK">{{Cite AV media |title=Political Thinking with Nick Robinson: Series 1:67. The Shabana Mahmood one |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/episode/m001wgq6/political-thinking-with-nick-robinson-series-1-67-the-shabana-mahmood-one |work=BBC iPlayer |date=10 February 2024 |time=8:47 |access-date=24 April 2024 |archive-date=24 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240424110019/https://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/episode/m001wgq6/political-thinking-with-nick-robinson-series-1-67-the-shabana-mahmood-one |url-status=live }}</ref>
Her mother worked in a corner grocery shop that the family bought after returning to England.<ref name="POG"/> Her father became chair of the local [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour party]],<ref name =swain>{{cite news|url =https://www.theguardian.com/education/2011/nov/28/mahmood-shadow-higher-education-minister|title =Shabana Mahmood, the shadow universities minister, is eager for battle|newspaper =The Guardian|date =28 November 2011|first =Harriet|last =Swain|access-date =10 May 2021|archive-date =10 May 2021|archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20210510075700/https://www.theguardian.com/education/2011/nov/28/mahmood-shadow-higher-education-minister|url-status =live}}</ref> and as a teenager, Mahmood helped him with campaigning in local elections.<ref name="ZEFF23"/> In an interview with [[Nick Robinson (journalist)|Nick Robinson]] in 2024, Mahmood said that although politics "had always been part of [her] life", her ambition when younger was to be a [[barrister]], and cited the example of the fictional ''[[Kavanagh QC]]''.<ref name="POLTHINK">{{Cite AV media |title=Political Thinking with Nick Robinson: Series 1:67. The Shabana Mahmood one |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/episode/m001wgq6/political-thinking-with-nick-robinson-series-1-67-the-shabana-mahmood-one |work=BBC iPlayer |date=10 February 2024 |time=8:47 |access-date=24 April 2024 |archive-date=24 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240424110019/https://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/episode/m001wgq6/political-thinking-with-nick-robinson-series-1-67-the-shabana-mahmood-one |url-status=live }}</ref>


Mahmood studied law at [[Lincoln College, Oxford|Lincoln College]] at the [[University of Oxford]], and was the president of the [[Junior Common Room]] (JCR).<ref>{{cite news|last=Roy|first=Amit|title=Feisty Asians in UK poll fray|url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1100407/jsp/foreign/story_12311630.jsp|work=[[The Telegraph (Kolkata)|Kolkata Telegraph]]|date=7 April 2010|access-date=12 May 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100611145357/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1100407/jsp/foreign/story_12311630.jsp|archive-date=11 June 2010|url-status=dead}}</ref> In 2023 she recalled that [[Rishi Sunak]], who would go on to become [[Prime Minister]], was in the year above her at Lincoln College, and had promised to vote for her in the JCR election.<ref name="ZEFF23">{{cite news |first=Henry |last=Zeffman |title=PM once voted for woman trying to oust him; Shabana Mahmood, the Labour campaign chief, knows Sunak from their days at Oxford |date=8 April 2023 |newspaper=The Times |page=10 }}</ref>
Mahmood studied law at [[Lincoln College, Oxford|Lincoln College]] at the [[University of Oxford]], and was the president of the [[Junior Common Room]] (JCR).<ref>{{cite news|last=Roy|first=Amit|title=Feisty Asians in UK poll fray|url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1100407/jsp/foreign/story_12311630.jsp|work=[[The Telegraph (Kolkata)|Kolkata Telegraph]]|date=7 April 2010|access-date=12 May 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100611145357/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1100407/jsp/foreign/story_12311630.jsp|archive-date=11 June 2010|url-status=dead}}</ref> She graduated with an [[upper-second class]] degree in 2002.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://archives.lincoln.ox.ac.uk/records/LC/P/R/1/80 |title= Lincoln College Record 2001–2002, 2002|publisher=Lincoln College|page=64 |access-date=14 August 2024}}</ref><ref name="Lincoln2001">{{cite magazine |last= |first= |date=2001–2002 |title=Lincoln College Record |url=https://archives.lincoln.ox.ac.uk/records/LC/P/R/1/80 |magazine=Lincoln College Record |issue=80 |page=64 |publisher=Lincoln College}}</ref> In 2023 she recalled that [[Rishi Sunak]], who would go on to become [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|prime minister]], was in the year above her at Lincoln College, and had promised to vote for her in the JCR election.<ref name="ZEFF23">{{cite news |first=Henry |last=Zeffman |title=PM once voted for woman trying to oust him; Shabana Mahmood, the Labour campaign chief, knows Sunak from their days at Oxford |date=8 April 2023 |newspaper=The Times |page=10 }}</ref>


She graduated in 2002 with a [[Bachelor of Arts]] degree. She went on to complete the [[Bar Vocational Course]] at the [[Inns of Court School of Law]] in 2003,<ref name="DODS"/> having received a scholarship from [[Gray's Inn]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Gray's Inn |date=31 January 2003 |newspaper=The Times |page=42}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |title=Barrister Mahmood takes over Labour's justice team |first=Michael |last=Cross |date=4 September 2023 |url=https://www.lawgazette.co.uk/news/barrister-mahmood-takes-over-labours-justice-team/5117126.article |magazine=The Law Society Gazette |access-date=24 April 2024 |archive-date=24 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240424171015/https://www.lawgazette.co.uk/news/barrister-mahmood-takes-over-labours-justice-team/5117126.article |url-status=live }}</ref> She is a qualified barrister, specialising in [[professional indemnity]] law,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.politics.co.uk/reference/shabana-mahmood|title=Shabana Mahmood|website=politics.co.uk|language=en|access-date=15 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191215143053/https://www.politics.co.uk/reference/shabana-mahmood|archive-date=15 December 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> and worked at 12 [[King's Bench Walk]] from 2003 to 2004, and at [[Berrymans Lace Mawer]] from 2004 to 2007.<ref name="DODS"/>
She graduated in 2002 with a [[Bachelor of Arts]] degree. She went on to complete the [[Bar Vocational Course]] at the [[Inns of Court School of Law]] in 2003,<ref name="DODS"/> having received a scholarship from [[Gray's Inn]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Gray's Inn |date=31 January 2003 |newspaper=The Times |page=42}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |title=Barrister Mahmood takes over Labour's justice team |first=Michael |last=Cross |date=4 September 2023 |url=https://www.lawgazette.co.uk/news/barrister-mahmood-takes-over-labours-justice-team/5117126.article |magazine=The Law Society Gazette |access-date=24 April 2024 |archive-date=24 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240424171015/https://www.lawgazette.co.uk/news/barrister-mahmood-takes-over-labours-justice-team/5117126.article |url-status=live }}</ref> She is a qualified barrister, specialising in [[professional indemnity]] law,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.politics.co.uk/reference/shabana-mahmood|title=Shabana Mahmood|website=politics.co.uk|language=en|access-date=15 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191215143053/https://www.politics.co.uk/reference/shabana-mahmood|archive-date=15 December 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> and worked at 12 [[King's Bench Walk, London|King's Bench Walk]] from 2003 to 2004, and at [[Berrymans Lace Mawer]] from 2004 to 2007.<ref name="DODS"/>


==Parliamentary career==
==Parliamentary career==


=== Early career and frontbench (2010–2015) ===
=== Early career and frontbench (2010–2015) ===
[[Clare Short]], the incumbent [[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|MP]] for [[Birmingham Ladywood]], decided not to contest the [[2010 United Kingdom general election|2010 general election]].<ref name="AKPE"/> Mahmood and a local councillor, [[Yvonne Mosquito]], both sought the Labour Party nomination.<ref name="AKPE">{{cite journal |last1=Akhtar |first1=Parveen |last2=Peace |first2=Timothy |title=Ethnic minorities in British politics: candidate selection and clan politics in the Labour Party |journal=Journal of Ethnic & Migration Studies |year=2019 |volume=45 |issue=11 |pages=1902–1918 |doi=10.1080/1369183X.2018.1443804 |url=https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/157522/7/157522.pdf |access-date=5 July 2024 |archive-date=16 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231116202426/https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/157522/7/157522.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> In the vote of constituency Labour Party (CLP) members to select the candidate, Mahmood secured 118 votes while Mosquito received 99.<ref name="NECRULES"/> Supporters of Mosquito claimed that up to 30 members were prevented from voting for her following a rule change affecting eligibility.<ref name="NECRULES">{{cite news |title=Labour NEC rules in favour of Shabana Mahmood in Ladywood selection row |url=https://www.birminghammail.co.uk/news/local-news/labour-nec-rules-in-favour-of-shabana-82434 |newspaper=Birmingham Mail |date=14 January 2009 |access-date=23 April 2024 |archive-date=23 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240423233953/https://www.birminghammail.co.uk/news/local-news/labour-nec-rules-in-favour-of-shabana-82434 |url-status=live }}</ref> According to the political scholars Parveen Akhtar and Timothy Peace, "This led to the CLP being temporarily split on race lines between Asian and Afro-Caribbean factions, demonstrating the complicated ethnic tensions at play in some U.K. constituencies."<ref name="AKPE"/> Mahmood said that she did not feel that the local party was divided in this way, and commented that "I know there is a line out there about divisions, my experience doesn't mirror that in any way."<ref>{{cite web |first=Jonathan |last=Walker |title=Ladywood not divided by race or religion – candidate |url=https://www.business-live.co.uk/economic-development/ladywood-not-divided-race-religion-3959286 |website=Business Live |date=19 June 2008 |access-date=24 April 2024 |archive-date=24 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240424160915/https://www.business-live.co.uk/economic-development/ladywood-not-divided-race-religion-3959286 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first=Jonathan |last=Walker |title=Ladywood not divided by race or religion – candidate |newspaper=Birmingham Post |date=20 June 2008 |page=4}}</ref> An inquiry led by [[National Executive Committee of the Labour Party]] member Mike Griffiths found that Mahmood's victory was legitimate.<ref name="NECRULES"/>
[[Clare Short]], the incumbent [[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|MP]] for [[Birmingham Ladywood]], decided not to contest the [[2010 United Kingdom general election|2010 general election]].<ref name="AKPE"/> Mahmood and a local councillor, [[Yvonne Mosquito]], both sought the Labour Party nomination.<ref name="AKPE">{{cite journal |last1=Akhtar |first1=Parveen |last2=Peace |first2=Timothy |title=Ethnic minorities in British politics: candidate selection and clan politics in the Labour Party |journal=Journal of Ethnic & Migration Studies |year=2019 |volume=45 |issue=11 |pages=1902–1918 |doi=10.1080/1369183X.2018.1443804 |url=https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/157522/7/157522.pdf |access-date=5 July 2024 |archive-date=16 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231116202426/https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/157522/7/157522.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> In the vote of Constituency Labour Party (CLP) members to select the candidate, Mahmood secured 118 votes while Mosquito received 99.<ref name="NECRULES"/> Supporters of Mosquito claimed that up to 30 members were prevented from voting for her following a rule change affecting eligibility.<ref name="NECRULES">{{cite news |title=Labour NEC rules in favour of Shabana Mahmood in Ladywood selection row |url=https://www.birminghammail.co.uk/news/local-news/labour-nec-rules-in-favour-of-shabana-82434 |newspaper=Birmingham Mail |date=14 January 2009 |access-date=23 April 2024 |archive-date=23 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240423233953/https://www.birminghammail.co.uk/news/local-news/labour-nec-rules-in-favour-of-shabana-82434 |url-status=live }}</ref> According to the political scholars Parveen Akhtar and Timothy Peace, "This led to the CLP being temporarily split on race lines between Asian and Afro-Caribbean factions, demonstrating the complicated ethnic tensions at play in some U.K. constituencies."<ref name="AKPE"/> Mahmood said that she did not feel that the local party was divided in this way, and commented that "I know there is a line out there about divisions, my experience doesn't mirror that in any way."<ref>{{cite web |first=Jonathan |last=Walker |title=Ladywood not divided by race or religion – candidate |url=https://www.business-live.co.uk/economic-development/ladywood-not-divided-race-religion-3959286 |website=Business Live |date=19 June 2008 |access-date=24 April 2024 |archive-date=24 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240424160915/https://www.business-live.co.uk/economic-development/ladywood-not-divided-race-religion-3959286 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first=Jonathan |last=Walker |title=Ladywood not divided by race or religion – candidate |newspaper=Birmingham Post |date=20 June 2008 |page=4}}</ref> An inquiry led by [[National Executive Committee of the Labour Party]] member Mike Griffiths found that Mahmood's victory was legitimate.<ref name="NECRULES"/>


At the 2010 general election, Mahmood was elected as MP for Birmingham Ladywood with 55.7% of the vote and a majority of 10,105.<ref name="electoralcalculus2010">{{cite web |title=Election Data 2010 |url=http://www.electoralcalculus.co.uk/electdata_2010.txt |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130726162034/http://www.electoralcalculus.co.uk/electdata_2010.txt |archive-date=26 July 2013 |access-date=17 October 2015 |publisher=[[Electoral Calculus]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Statement of Persons Nominated and Notice of Poll 2010 |url=http://www.birmingham.gov.uk/cs/Satellite?%26ssbinary=true&blobcol=urldata&blobheader=application%2Fpdf&blobheadername1=Content-Disposition&blobkey=id&blobtable=MungoBlobs&blobwhere=1223417397253&blobheadervalue1=attachment%3B+filename%3D58210PGE+-+Statement+of+Persons+Nominated+and+Notice+of+Poll+2010.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629132535/http://www.birmingham.gov.uk/cs/Satellite?&ssbinary=true&blobcol=urldata&blobheader=application%2Fpdf&blobheadername1=Content-Disposition&blobkey=id&blobtable=MungoBlobs&blobwhere=1223417397253&blobheadervalue1=attachment%3B+filename=58210PGE+-+Statement+of+Persons+Nominated+and+Notice+of+Poll+2010.pdf |archive-date=29 June 2011 |access-date=4 May 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=BBC NEWS – Election 2010 – Birmingham Ladywood |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/election2010/results/constituency/a35.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170823092523/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/election2010/results/constituency/a35.stm |archive-date=23 August 2017 |access-date=6 May 2010 |work=BBC News}}</ref><ref>[http://www.birmingham.gov.uk/general-election-2010 General Election 2010] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111124063936/http://www.birmingham.gov.uk/general-election-2010 |date=24 November 2011 }} Birmingham City Council</ref> Along with [[Rushanara Ali]] and [[Yasmin Qureshi]], Mahmood became one of the UK's first female [[Muslim]] MPs.<ref name=first /> Mahmood served in a number of front bench positions under [[Ed Miliband]]'s leadership, including Shadow Minister for Prisons, Shadow Minister for Higher Education, and [[Financial Secretary to the Treasury|Shadow Financial Secretary to the Treasury]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://wih.web.ox.ac.uk/people/shabana-mahmood-mp|title=Shabana Mahmood MP {{!}} Women in the Humanities|website=wih.web.ox.ac.uk|access-date=15 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191215143055/https://wih.web.ox.ac.uk/people/shabana-mahmood-mp|archive-date=15 December 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>
At the 2010 general election, Mahmood was elected as MP for Birmingham Ladywood with 55.7% of the vote and a majority of 10,105.<ref name="electoralcalculus2010">{{cite web |title=Election Data 2010 |url=http://www.electoralcalculus.co.uk/electdata_2010.txt |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130726162034/http://www.electoralcalculus.co.uk/electdata_2010.txt |archive-date=26 July 2013 |access-date=17 October 2015 |publisher=[[Electoral Calculus]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Statement of Persons Nominated and Notice of Poll 2010 |date=20 April 2010|publisher=Birmingham City Council |url=http://www.birmingham.gov.uk/cs/Satellite?%26ssbinary=true&blobcol=urldata&blobheader=application%2Fpdf&blobheadername1=Content-Disposition&blobkey=id&blobtable=MungoBlobs&blobwhere=1223417397253&blobheadervalue1=attachment%3B+filename%3D58210PGE+-+Statement+of+Persons+Nominated+and+Notice+of+Poll+2010.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629132535/http://www.birmingham.gov.uk/cs/Satellite?&ssbinary=true&blobcol=urldata&blobheader=application%2Fpdf&blobheadername1=Content-Disposition&blobkey=id&blobtable=MungoBlobs&blobwhere=1223417397253&blobheadervalue1=attachment%3B+filename=58210PGE+-+Statement+of+Persons+Nominated+and+Notice+of+Poll+2010.pdf |archive-date=29 June 2011 |access-date=4 May 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=BBC NEWS – Election 2010 – Birmingham Ladywood |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/election2010/results/constituency/a35.stm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170823092523/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/election2010/results/constituency/a35.stm |archive-date=23 August 2017 |access-date=6 May 2010 |work=BBC News}}</ref><ref>[http://www.birmingham.gov.uk/general-election-2010 General Election 2010] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111124063936/http://www.birmingham.gov.uk/general-election-2010 |date=24 November 2011 }} Birmingham City Council</ref> Along with [[Rushanara Ali]] and [[Yasmin Qureshi]], Mahmood became one of the UK's first female [[Muslim]] MPs.<ref name=first /> The Labour Party was the [[His Majesty's Most Loyal Opposition|Official Opposition]], and Mahmood held various [[shadow cabinet]] front bench positions under new leader [[Ed Miliband]], including Shadow Minister for Prisons, Shadow Minister for Higher Education, and [[Financial Secretary to the Treasury|Shadow Financial Secretary to the Treasury]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Ed Miliband is elected leader of the Labour Party |website=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-11412031 |date=25 September 2010}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://wih.web.ox.ac.uk/people/shabana-mahmood-mp|title=Shabana Mahmood MP {{!}} Women in the Humanities|website=wih.web.ox.ac.uk|access-date=15 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191215143055/https://wih.web.ox.ac.uk/people/shabana-mahmood-mp|archive-date=15 December 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>


In 2011, it was reported that Mahmood was on the list of people spied on by private investigator Derek Webb for the ''[[News of the World]]'', which was seeking information about the people of most interest to their readers.<ref>{{cite news |first=James |last=Robinson |title=NoW's alleged surveillance targets range from royalty to sport |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2011/nov/09/now-alleged-surveillance-targets |newspaper=The Guardian |date=9 November 2011 |access-date=24 April 2024 |archive-date=24 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240424095748/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2011/nov/09/now-alleged-surveillance-targets |url-status=live }}</ref>
In 2011, it was reported that Mahmood was on the list of people spied on by private investigator Derek Webb for the ''[[News of the World]]'', which was seeking information about the people of most interest to their readers.<ref>{{cite news |first=James |last=Robinson |title=NoW's alleged surveillance targets range from royalty to sport |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2011/nov/09/now-alleged-surveillance-targets |newspaper=The Guardian |date=9 November 2011 |access-date=24 April 2024 |archive-date=24 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240424095748/https://www.theguardian.com/media/2011/nov/09/now-alleged-surveillance-targets |url-status=live }}</ref>


At the [[2015 United Kingdom general election|2015 general election]], Mahmood was re-elected as MP for Birmingham Ladywood with an increased vote share of 73.6% and an increased majority of 21,868.<ref name="electoralcalculus2015">{{cite web |title=Election Data 2015 |url=http://www.electoralcalculus.co.uk/electdata_2015.txt |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017112223/http://www.electoralcalculus.co.uk/electdata_2015.txt |archive-date=17 October 2015 |access-date=17 October 2015 |publisher=[[Electoral Calculus]]}}</ref> Following the election, Mahmood was appointed to the Shadow Cabinet as [[Shadow Chief Secretary to the Treasury]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Shabana Manmood: Parliamentary career |url=https://members.parliament.uk/member/3914/career |website=Parliament UK |access-date=24 April 2024 |archive-date=18 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220518133537/https://members.parliament.uk/member/3914/career |url-status=live }}</ref> She was a co-chair of the campaign to elect [[Yvette Cooper]] in the [[2015 Labour Party leadership election (UK)|2015 Labour Party leadership election]], and made a pledge to avoid negative briefing during the campaign.<ref>{{cite news |first=Frances |last=Perraudin |title=No negative briefing in Labour contest, urges Yvette Cooper aide |date=16 June 2015 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2015/jun/16/no-negative-briefing-labour-leadership-yvette-cooper-aide |newspaper=The Guardian |access-date=24 April 2024 |archive-date=25 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210525060612/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2015/jun/16/no-negative-briefing-labour-leadership-yvette-cooper-aide |url-status=live }}</ref>
At the [[2015 United Kingdom general election|2015 general election]], Mahmood was re-elected as MP for Birmingham Ladywood with an increased vote share of 73.6% and an increased majority of 21,868.<ref name="electoralcalculus2015">{{cite web |title=Election Data 2015 |url=http://www.electoralcalculus.co.uk/electdata_2015.txt |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017112223/http://www.electoralcalculus.co.uk/electdata_2015.txt |archive-date=17 October 2015 |access-date=17 October 2015 |publisher=[[Electoral Calculus]]}}</ref> Following the election, Mahmood was appointed to the Shadow Cabinet as [[Shadow Chief Secretary to the Treasury]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Shabana Manmood: Parliamentary career |url=https://members.parliament.uk/member/3914/career |website=Parliament UK |access-date=24 April 2024 |archive-date=18 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220518133537/https://members.parliament.uk/member/3914/career |url-status=live }}</ref> Nationwide, the Labour Party's election results were below expectations, and party leader [[Ed Miliband]] resigned the following day.<ref>{{cite news |title=Labour election results: Ed Miliband resigns as leader |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-32633388 |website=BBC News |date=8 May 2015 |access-date=24 April 2024 |archive-date=8 May 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150508003709/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-32633388 |url-status=live }}</ref> Mahmood was a co-chair of the campaign to elect [[Yvette Cooper]] in the [[2015 Labour Party leadership election (UK)|2015 Labour Party leadership election]], and made a pledge to avoid negative briefing during the campaign.<ref>{{cite news |first=Frances |last=Perraudin |title=No negative briefing in Labour contest, urges Yvette Cooper aide |date=16 June 2015 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2015/jun/16/no-negative-briefing-labour-leadership-yvette-cooper-aide |newspaper=The Guardian |access-date=24 April 2024 |archive-date=25 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210525060612/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2015/jun/16/no-negative-briefing-labour-leadership-yvette-cooper-aide |url-status=live }}</ref>


=== Return to the backbenches (2015–2021) ===
=== Return to the backbenches (2015–2021) ===
In September 2015, following [[Jeremy Corbyn]]'s election as Labour leader, Mahmood stepped down from the role, saying she "strongly disagreed" with him on the economy.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.birminghammail.co.uk/news/midlands-news/birmingham-mp-resigned-labour-team-10054959|title=Birmingham MP resigned because she 'strongly disagreed' with Corbyn on economy|last=Walker|first=Jonathan|date=15 September 2015|newspaper=Birmingham Mail|access-date=22 November 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161122221457/http://www.birminghammail.co.uk/news/midlands-news/birmingham-mp-resigned-labour-team-10054959|archive-date=22 November 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> In January 2016, Mahmood was elected to represent the [[Parliamentary Labour Party]] on Labour's [[National Executive Committee of the Labour Party|National Executive Committee]], and was re-elected in July 2016.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.birminghammail.co.uk/news/midlands-news/birmingham-mp-shabana-mahmood-represent-10798624|title=Birmingham MP Shabana Mahmood represents Labour MPs on party's ruling committee|last=Walker|first=Jonathan|date=27 January 2016|newspaper=Birmingham Mail|access-date=22 November 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170404235426/http://www.birminghammail.co.uk/news/midlands-news/birmingham-mp-shabana-mahmood-represent-10798624|archive-date=4 April 2017|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://labourlist.org/2016/07/corbynistas-and-rebels-make-gains-on-nec-as-skinner-steps-down/|title=Corbynistas and rebels make NEC gains as Skinner steps down|date=4 July 2016|newspaper=LabourList|access-date=22 November 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170109083707/http://labourlist.org/2016/07/corbynistas-and-rebels-make-gains-on-nec-as-skinner-steps-down/|archive-date=9 January 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> She was offered a place in Corbyn's shadow cabinet, but declined, telling him that "I'll be miserable, and I'll make you miserable as well."<ref name="ZEFF23" /> In November 2016, Mahmood was elected one of the vice chairs of Labour's [[National Policy Forum]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Black |first=Ann |author-link=Ann Black |url=https://www.annblack.co.uk/national-policy-forum-november-2016/ |title=National Policy Forum, November 2016 |website=Ann Black on the Record |date=6 November 2016 |access-date=24 April 2024 |archive-date=7 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220807154230/http://www.annblack.co.uk/national-policy-forum-november-2016/ |url-status=live }}</ref> She supported [[Owen Smith]] in the failed attempt to replace [[Jeremy Corbyn]] in the [[2016 Labour Party leadership election (UK)|2016 Labour Party (UK) leadership election]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://labourlist.org/2016/07/which-mps-and-meps-have-nominated-owen-smith/|title=Full list of MPs and MEPs backing challenger Owen Smith|date=21 July 2016|website=LabourList|language=en-GB|access-date=15 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190715214543/https://labourlist.org/2016/07/which-mps-and-meps-have-nominated-owen-smith/|archive-date=15 July 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>
In September 2015, following [[Jeremy Corbyn]]'s election as Labour leader, Mahmood stepped down from the role, saying she "strongly disagreed" with him on the economy.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.birminghammail.co.uk/news/midlands-news/birmingham-mp-resigned-labour-team-10054959|title=Birmingham MP resigned because she 'strongly disagreed' with Corbyn on economy|last=Walker|first=Jonathan|date=15 September 2015|newspaper=Birmingham Mail|access-date=22 November 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161122221457/http://www.birminghammail.co.uk/news/midlands-news/birmingham-mp-resigned-labour-team-10054959|archive-date=22 November 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> The following month, she was one of the winners of the women's magazine ''[[Marie Claire]]''{{'}}s ''Women at the Top Awards''.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rice |first=Francesca |date=1 October 2014 |title=Our Women At The Top Award Winners Share Their Top Career Advice |url=https://www.marieclaire.co.uk/life/work/our-2014-women-at-the-top-winners-share-their-top-career-advice-46354 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190725042824/https://www.marieclaire.co.uk/life/work/our-2014-women-at-the-top-winners-share-their-top-career-advice-46354 |archive-date=25 July 2019 |access-date=16 December 2019 |website=Marie Claire |language=en}}</ref>


In January 2016, Mahmood was elected to represent the [[Parliamentary Labour Party]] on Labour's [[National Executive Committee of the Labour Party|National Executive Committee]], and was re-elected in July 2016.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.birminghammail.co.uk/news/midlands-news/birmingham-mp-shabana-mahmood-represent-10798624|title=Birmingham MP Shabana Mahmood represents Labour MPs on party's ruling committee|last=Walker|first=Jonathan|date=27 January 2016|newspaper=Birmingham Mail|access-date=22 November 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170404235426/http://www.birminghammail.co.uk/news/midlands-news/birmingham-mp-shabana-mahmood-represent-10798624|archive-date=4 April 2017|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://labourlist.org/2016/07/corbynistas-and-rebels-make-gains-on-nec-as-skinner-steps-down/|title=Corbynistas and rebels make NEC gains as Skinner steps down|date=4 July 2016|newspaper=LabourList|access-date=22 November 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170109083707/http://labourlist.org/2016/07/corbynistas-and-rebels-make-gains-on-nec-as-skinner-steps-down/|archive-date=9 January 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> She was offered a place in [[Shadow Cabinet of Jeremy Corbyn|Corbyn's shadow cabinet]], but declined, telling him that "I'll be miserable, and I'll make you miserable as well."<ref name="ZEFF23" /> In November 2016, Mahmood was elected one of the vice chairs of Labour's [[National Policy Forum]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Black |first=Ann |author-link=Ann Black |url=https://www.annblack.co.uk/national-policy-forum-november-2016/ |title=National Policy Forum, November 2016 |website=Ann Black on the Record |date=6 November 2016 |access-date=24 April 2024 |archive-date=7 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220807154230/http://www.annblack.co.uk/national-policy-forum-november-2016/ |url-status=live }}</ref> She supported [[Owen Smith]] in the failed attempt to replace [[Jeremy Corbyn]] in the [[2016 Labour Party leadership election (UK)|2016 Labour Party leadership election]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://labourlist.org/2016/07/which-mps-and-meps-have-nominated-owen-smith/|title=Full list of MPs and MEPs backing challenger Owen Smith|date=21 July 2016|website=LabourList|language=en-GB|access-date=15 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190715214543/https://labourlist.org/2016/07/which-mps-and-meps-have-nominated-owen-smith/|archive-date=15 July 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>
In October 2015, Mahmood was one of the winners of the women's magazine ''[[Marie Claire]]''{{'}}s ''Women at the Top Awards''.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rice |first=Francesca |date=1 October 2014 |title=Our Women At The Top Award Winners Share Their Top Career Advice |url=https://www.marieclaire.co.uk/life/work/our-2014-women-at-the-top-winners-share-their-top-career-advice-46354 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190725042824/https://www.marieclaire.co.uk/life/work/our-2014-women-at-the-top-winners-share-their-top-career-advice-46354 |archive-date=25 July 2019 |access-date=16 December 2019 |website=Marie Claire |language=en}}</ref>


At the snap [[2017 United Kingdom general election|2017 general election]], Mahmood was again re-elected with an increased vote share of 82.7% and an increased majority of 28,714.<ref>{{cite web |title=Statement of Persons Nominated and notice of poll |url=https://www.birmingham.gov.uk/downloads/file/6824/statement_of_persons_nominated_and_notice_of_poll |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190208202715/https://www.birmingham.gov.uk/downloads/file/6824/statement_of_persons_nominated_and_notice_of_poll |archive-date=8 February 2019 |access-date=11 May 2017 |website=Birmingham City Council}}</ref>
At the snap [[2017 United Kingdom general election|2017 general election]], Mahmood was again re-elected with an increased vote share of 82.7% and an increased majority of 28,714.<ref>{{cite web |title=Statement of Persons Nominated and notice of poll |url=https://www.birmingham.gov.uk/downloads/file/6824/statement_of_persons_nominated_and_notice_of_poll |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190208202715/https://www.birmingham.gov.uk/downloads/file/6824/statement_of_persons_nominated_and_notice_of_poll |archive-date=8 February 2019 |access-date=11 May 2017 |website=Birmingham City Council}}</ref>
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In the [[May 2021 British shadow cabinet reshuffle]], Mahmood returned to the Shadow Cabinet as Labour Party National Campaign Coordinator, replacing [[Angela Rayner]] in the role.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://labourlist.org/2021/05/reshuffle-keir-starmers-new-labour-frontbench-in-full/|title=Reshuffle: Keir Starmer's new Labour frontbench in full|last=Rodgers|first=Sienna|work=LabourList|date=14 May 2021|access-date=25 February 2022|archive-date=8 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211208123959/https://labourlist.org/2021/05/reshuffle-keir-starmers-new-labour-frontbench-in-full/|url-status=live}}</ref> Peter Walker of ''[[The Guardian]]'' considered that Mahmood and Labour's campaign director [[Morgan McSweeney]] had improved the campaign organisation and use of data by the party by 2023.<ref>{{cite news |first=Peter |last=Walker |title='We've got everything in place': Shabana Mahmood on Labour's election hopes |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2023/may/12/weve-got-everything-in-place-shabana-mahmood-on-labours-election-hopes |newspaper=The Guardian |date=13 May 2023 |access-date=24 April 2024 |archive-date=24 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230524202447/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2023/may/12/weve-got-everything-in-place-shabana-mahmood-on-labours-election-hopes |url-status=live }}</ref>
In the [[May 2021 British shadow cabinet reshuffle]], Mahmood returned to the Shadow Cabinet as Labour Party National Campaign Coordinator, replacing [[Angela Rayner]] in the role.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://labourlist.org/2021/05/reshuffle-keir-starmers-new-labour-frontbench-in-full/|title=Reshuffle: Keir Starmer's new Labour frontbench in full|last=Rodgers|first=Sienna|work=LabourList|date=14 May 2021|access-date=25 February 2022|archive-date=8 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211208123959/https://labourlist.org/2021/05/reshuffle-keir-starmers-new-labour-frontbench-in-full/|url-status=live}}</ref> Peter Walker of ''[[The Guardian]]'' considered that Mahmood and Labour's campaign director [[Morgan McSweeney]] had improved the campaign organisation and use of data by the party by 2023.<ref>{{cite news |first=Peter |last=Walker |title='We've got everything in place': Shabana Mahmood on Labour's election hopes |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2023/may/12/weve-got-everything-in-place-shabana-mahmood-on-labours-election-hopes |newspaper=The Guardian |date=13 May 2023 |access-date=24 April 2024 |archive-date=24 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230524202447/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2023/may/12/weve-got-everything-in-place-shabana-mahmood-on-labours-election-hopes |url-status=live }}</ref>


In September 2023, [[Keir Starmer]] appointed Mahmood, seen as an ally of his, as [[Shadow Secretary of State for Justice]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Stone |first1=Jon |title=Labour reshuffle: Keir Starmer's new shadow cabinet in full |date=4 September 2023 |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/labour-reshuffle-in-full-keir-starmer-b2404512.html |website=independent.co.uk |publisher=Independent |access-date=6 September 2023 |archive-date=6 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230906133812/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/labour-reshuffle-in-full-keir-starmer-b2404512.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="RESHUFF">{{cite news |editor-first1=Alexandra |editor-last1=Fouché |editor-first2=Heather |editor-last2=Sharp |title=Angela Rayner gets new role as Keir Starmer reshuffles Labour team |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/live/uk-politics-66701628 |work=BBC News |date= |access-date=24 April 2024 |archive-date=20 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240120152534/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/live/uk-politics-66701628 |url-status=live }}</ref> She was replaced as campaign co-ordinator by [[Pat McFadden]].<ref name="RESHUFF" /> Also that month, Mahmood was named as the UK's twentieth most powerful left-wing figure by the ''[[New Statesman]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Statesman |first=New |date=17 May 2023 |title=The New Statesman's left power list |url=https://www.newstatesman.com/politics/uk-politics/2023/05/the-new-statesmans-left-power-list |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231115165413/https://www.newstatesman.com/politics/uk-politics/2023/05/the-new-statesmans-left-power-list |archive-date=15 November 2023 |access-date=13 December 2023 |website=New Statesman |language=en-US}}</ref>
[[Keir Starmer]] appointed Mahmood, seen as an ally of his, as [[Shadow Secretary of State for Justice]] in September 2023.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Stone |first1=Jon |title=Labour reshuffle: Keir Starmer's new shadow cabinet in full |date=4 September 2023 |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/labour-reshuffle-in-full-keir-starmer-b2404512.html |website=independent.co.uk |publisher=Independent |access-date=6 September 2023 |archive-date=6 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230906133812/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/labour-reshuffle-in-full-keir-starmer-b2404512.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="RESHUFF">{{cite news |editor-first1=Alexandra |editor-last1=Fouché |editor-first2=Heather |editor-last2=Sharp |title=Angela Rayner gets new role as Keir Starmer reshuffles Labour team |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/live/uk-politics-66701628 |work=BBC News |date= |access-date=24 April 2024 |archive-date=20 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240120152534/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/live/uk-politics-66701628 |url-status=live }}</ref> She was replaced as campaign co-ordinator by [[Pat McFadden]].<ref name="RESHUFF" /> Also that month, Mahmood was named by the ''[[New Statesman]]'' as the UK's twentieth most powerful left-wing figure.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Statesman |first=New |date=17 May 2023 |title=The New Statesman's left power list |url=https://www.newstatesman.com/politics/uk-politics/2023/05/the-new-statesmans-left-power-list |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231115165413/https://www.newstatesman.com/politics/uk-politics/2023/05/the-new-statesmans-left-power-list |archive-date=15 November 2023 |access-date=13 December 2023 |website=New Statesman |language=en-US}}</ref>


At the [[2024 United Kingdom general election|2024 general election]], Mahmood was re-elected with a decreased share of 42.5% and a majority of 3,421.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Birmingham Ladywood - General election results 2024 |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/election/2024/uk/constituencies/E14001096 |access-date=2024-07-11 |work=BBC News |language=en-GB}}</ref>
At the [[2024 United Kingdom general election|2024 general election]], Mahmood was re-elected with a decreased share of 42.5% and a majority of 3,421.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Birmingham Ladywood General election results 2024 |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/election/2024/uk/constituencies/E14001096 |access-date=2024-07-11 |work=BBC News |language=en-GB}}</ref> She had been challenged by independent candidate Akhmed Yakoob, whose campaign focused on support for Palestine.<ref>{{cite news |last=Murray |first=Jessica |title=Birmingham election candidate apologises for 'deeply disturbing' remarks about women |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/article/2024/jun/24/birmingham-election-candidate-akhmed-yakoob-apologises-for-deeply-disturbing-remarks-about-women |newspaper=The Guardian |date=24 June 2024 }}</ref><ref name="FMCH">{{cite news |first=Eleanor |last=Lawson |date=5 July 2024 |title=Female MPs call harassment an assault on democracy |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c4ng3j1pnpqo |website=BBC News}}</ref> Yakoob finished second behind Mahmood, with 12,137 votes,<ref>{{cite news |last=Haynes |first=Jane |url=https://www.birminghammail.co.uk/news/midlands-news/mp-shabana-mahmood-armed-police-29480409 |website=Birmingham Live |title=MP Shabana Mahmood had armed police guard as election intimidation became 'assault on democracy' |date= 5 July 2024}}</ref> following a campaign that Mahmood described as "sullied by harassment and intimidation".<ref name="FMCH"/>


=== Justice Secretary and Lord Chancellor (2024–present) ===
=== Justice Secretary and Lord Chancellor (2024–present) ===
On 5 July 2024, Starmer appointed Mahmood as the [[Secretary of State for Justice]] and [[Lord Chancellor]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Cross |first1=Michael |title=Shabana Mahmood appointed lord chancellor and justice secretary in Starmer cabinet |url=https://www.lawgazette.co.uk/news/mahmood-appointed-lord-chancellor/5120245.article#:~:text=Birmingham%20MP%20and%20former%20practising,Starmer's%20appointment%20as%20prime%20minister. |access-date=5 July 2024 |work=Law Gazette |agency=The Law Society |date=5 July 2024 |archive-date=5 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240705165559/https://www.lawgazette.co.uk/news/mahmood-appointed-lord-chancellor/5120245.article#:~:text=Birmingham%20MP%20and%20former%20practising,Starmer's%20appointment%20as%20prime%20minister. |url-status=live }}</ref> This made her the first Muslim and second female Lord Chancellor in history.<ref>{{Cite web |last=2024-07-11T00:01:00+01:00 |title=Oooh. Suits you, madam |url=https://www.lawgazette.co.uk/obiter/oooh-suits-you-madam/5120286.article |access-date=2024-08-06 |website=Law Gazette |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.geo.tv/latest/554483-shabana-mahmood-sworn-in-as-uks-first-woman-muslim-lord-chancellor|title=Shabana Mahmood sworn in as UK's first woman Muslim Lord Chancellor|website=www.geo.tv}}</ref>
On 5 July 2024, Starmer appointed Mahmood as the [[Secretary of State for Justice]] and [[Lord Chancellor]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Cross |first1=Michael |title=Shabana Mahmood appointed lord chancellor and justice secretary in Starmer cabinet |url=https://www.lawgazette.co.uk/news/mahmood-appointed-lord-chancellor/5120245.article#:~:text=Birmingham%20MP%20and%20former%20practising,Starmer's%20appointment%20as%20prime%20minister. |access-date=5 July 2024 |work=Law Gazette |agency=The Law Society |date=5 July 2024 |archive-date=5 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240705165559/https://www.lawgazette.co.uk/news/mahmood-appointed-lord-chancellor/5120245.article#:~:text=Birmingham%20MP%20and%20former%20practising,Starmer's%20appointment%20as%20prime%20minister. |url-status=live }}</ref> This made her the first Muslim and second female Lord Chancellor in history.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Obiter|date=11 July 2024 |title=Oooh. Suits you, madam |url=https://www.lawgazette.co.uk/obiter/oooh-suits-you-madam/5120286.article |access-date=2024-08-06 |website=Law Gazette |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.geo.tv/latest/554483-shabana-mahmood-sworn-in-as-uks-first-woman-muslim-lord-chancellor|title=Shabana Mahmood sworn in as UK's first woman Muslim Lord Chancellor|website=Geo News |date=16 July 2024}}</ref> Conservative Party politician [[Liz Truss]] was the first woman to hold the role, having been appointed in the [[first May ministry]] in July 2016 as the first female lord chancellor in the office's thousand-year history.<ref name="OUTBLU">{{Cite book |last1=Cole |first1=Harry |title=[[Out of the Blue: The Inside Story of the Unexpected Rise and Rapid Fall of Liz Truss]] |last2=Heale |first2=James |date=2022 |publisher=[[HarperCollins]] |isbn=978-0-00-860578-0 |author-link1=Harry Cole (journalist) |pages=129,132}}</ref>{{efn|Excluding [[Eleanor of Provence]], who exercised the powers of the lord chancellor in 1253 but was not formally appointed to the office.<ref name="OUTBLU">{{Cite book |last1=Cole |first1=Harry |title=[[Out of the Blue: The Inside Story of the Unexpected Rise and Rapid Fall of Liz Truss]] |last2=Heale |first2=James |date=2022 |publisher=[[HarperCollins]] |isbn=978-0-00-860578-0 |author-link1=Harry Cole (journalist) |pages=129,132}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Bowcott |first=Owen |date=21 July 2016 |title=Liz Truss sworn in as first ever female Lord Chancellor |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2016/jul/21/liz-truss-first-ever-female-lord-chancellor-justice-secretary |work=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=30 January 2017 |archive-date=13 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201013231141/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2016/jul/21/liz-truss-first-ever-female-lord-chancellor-justice-secretary |url-status=live}}</ref>}}


On 12 July, she announced measures intended to decrease prison overcrowding, describing the situation in prisons as a ticking "time bomb" and saying that prisons were on the "point of collapse."<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Thousands of prisoners to be released early to ease overcrowding |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/crg5vp0296eo |access-date=2024-07-13 |website=www.bbc.com |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-12 |title=Lord Chancellor sets out immediate action to defuse ticking prison ‘time-bomb’ |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/lord-chancellor-sets-out-immediate-action-to-defuse-ticking-prison-time-bomb |access-date=2024-07-13 |website=GOV.UK |language=en}}</ref> Under her plans, some prisoners would be released after serving 40% of their sentences in England and Wales, rather than the 50% announced previously in October 2023.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Dearden |first=Lizzie |date=2024-07-13 |title=Fears UK prisons face ‘collapse’ as they could be full before early release scheme begins |url=https://www.theguardian.com/society/article/2024/jul/13/fears-uk-prisons-face-collapse-as-they-could-be-full-before-early-release-scheme-begins |access-date=2024-07-13 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0029-7712}}</ref> She stated that she expected that the number of prisoners to be released in September 2024 would be "in the low thousands", with further releases over the following 18 months with updates in parliament every three months.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-12 |title=UK to release thousands of prisoners due to overcrowding |url=https://uk.news.yahoo.com/uk-release-thousands-prisoners-due-162430219.html |access-date=2024-07-13 |website=Yahoo News |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref name=":0" />
A week after her appointment, she announced measures intended to decrease prison overcrowding, describing the situation in prisons as a ticking "time bomb" and saying that prisons were on the "point of collapse".<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Thousands of prisoners to be released early to ease overcrowding |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/crg5vp0296eo |access-date=2024-07-13 |website=www.bbc.com |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-12 |title=Lord Chancellor sets out immediate action to defuse ticking prison 'time-bomb' |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/lord-chancellor-sets-out-immediate-action-to-defuse-ticking-prison-time-bomb |access-date=2024-07-13 |website=GOV.UK |language=en}}</ref> Under her plans, some prisoners would be released after serving 40% of their sentences in England and Wales, rather than the 50% announced previously in October 2023.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Dearden |first=Lizzie |date=2024-07-13 |title=Fears UK prisons face 'collapse' as they could be full before early release scheme begins |url=https://www.theguardian.com/society/article/2024/jul/13/fears-uk-prisons-face-collapse-as-they-could-be-full-before-early-release-scheme-begins |access-date=2024-07-13 |work=The Guardian |language=en-GB |issn=0029-7712}}</ref> She stated that she expected that the number of prisoners to be released in September 2024 would be "in the low thousands", with further releases over the following 18 months with updates in parliament every three months.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-12 |title=UK to release thousands of prisoners due to overcrowding |url=https://uk.news.yahoo.com/uk-release-thousands-prisoners-due-162430219.html |access-date=2024-07-13 |website=Yahoo News |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref name=":0" />

Following the [[2024 United Kingdom riots]], Mahmood pledged that "the full force of the law [would] be brought against" the rioters, and those inciting them.<ref name="RIMPACT">{{cite web |first=Jacqueline |last=Howard|title=Impact of riots to be felt for years, says minister |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cnvy314jr3go |date=11 August 2024 |website=BBC News}}</ref> She also remarked that the volume of cases relating to the riots would affect the UK's justice system for years.<ref name="RIMPACT"/>


== Political views on sex education and gender==
== Political views on sex education and gender==
In March 2019 Mahmood was criticised by activists within her party over comments she made regarding the teaching of LGBTQ+ content during [[Relationship and Sex Education]] (RSE) lessons in schools after some of her constituents compiled a petition objecting to the introduction of lessons at a particular school.<ref name="SR">{{Cite web |last=Rodgers |first=Sienna |date=5 March 2019 |title=Shabana Mahmood under fire for comments on LGBT lessons in schools |url=https://labourlist.org/2019/03/shabana-mahmood-under-fire-for-comments-on-lgbt-lessons-in-schools/ |access-date=23 May 2024 |website=LabourList |archive-date=23 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240523204552/https://labourlist.org/2019/03/shabana-mahmood-under-fire-for-comments-on-lgbt-lessons-in-schools/ |url-status=live }}</ref> She said that the "religious background" of pupils and "age appropriateness" should be considered. Columnist [[Owen Jones]] wrote on the social network [[Twitter|X]] that her remarks were "shocking", as he felt they supported parents "trying to stop lessons educating pupils about the existence of gay people."<ref name="PINKN">{{cite news |title=Labour MP Shabana Mahmood faces backlash over LGBT education comments |date=6 March 2019 |website=Pink News |url=https://www.thepinknews.com/2019/03/06/labour-mp-shabana-mahmood-lgbt-relationship-education/2/ |access-date=8 July 2024 |archive-date=11 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240411112458/https://www.thepinknews.com/2019/03/06/labour-mp-shabana-mahmood-lgbt-relationship-education/2/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Mahmood replied that she had never advocated for the exclusion of LGBT relationships from RSE classes, but this failed to satisfy all of her critics.<ref name="PINKN"/>
In March 2019 Mahmood was criticised by activists within her party over comments she made regarding the teaching of [[LGBT]]Q+ content during [[Relationship and Sex Education]] (RSE) lessons in schools after some of her constituents compiled a petition objecting to the introduction of lessons at a particular school.<ref name="SR">{{Cite web |last=Rodgers |first=Sienna |date=5 March 2019 |title=Shabana Mahmood under fire for comments on LGBT lessons in schools |url=https://labourlist.org/2019/03/shabana-mahmood-under-fire-for-comments-on-lgbt-lessons-in-schools/ |access-date=23 May 2024 |website=LabourList |archive-date=23 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240523204552/https://labourlist.org/2019/03/shabana-mahmood-under-fire-for-comments-on-lgbt-lessons-in-schools/ |url-status=live }}</ref> She said that the "religious background" of pupils and "age appropriateness" should be considered. Columnist [[Owen Jones]] wrote on the social network [[Twitter|X]] that her remarks were "shocking", as he felt they supported parents "trying to stop lessons educating pupils about the existence of gay people".<ref name="PINKN">{{cite news |title=Labour MP Shabana Mahmood faces backlash over LGBT education comments |date=6 March 2019 |website=Pink News |url=https://www.thepinknews.com/2019/03/06/labour-mp-shabana-mahmood-lgbt-relationship-education/2/ |access-date=8 July 2024 |archive-date=11 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240411112458/https://www.thepinknews.com/2019/03/06/labour-mp-shabana-mahmood-lgbt-relationship-education/2/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Mahmood replied that she had never advocated for the exclusion of LGBT relationships from RSE classes, but this failed to satisfy all of her critics.<ref name="PINKN"/>


In a 2024 interview with Genevieve Holl-Allen of ''[[The Daily Telegraph]]'', Mahmood said that she was concerned with the treatment of [[Gender-critical feminism|gender critical activists]], saying that "many women have had to go to court, usually in employment tribunals, in order to clarify ... their right to say that biological sex is real and is immutable – a position that I also agree with" and that women "shouldn't be in the position of losing their jobs" for espousing those views.<ref>{{cite news |last=Holl-Allen |first=Genevieve |date=22 April 2024 |title=Shadow justice secretary agrees with JK Rowling over gender critical views |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/2024/04/22/shadow-justice-secretary-agrees-jk-rowling-biological-sex/ |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240422221410/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/2024/04/22/shadow-justice-secretary-agrees-jk-rowling-biological-sex/ |archive-date=22 April 2024 |access-date=12 June 2024 |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Chudy |first=Emily |date=25 April 2024 |title=Labour's shadow justice secretary 'agrees' with JK Rowling's 'gender-critical' views |url=https://www.thepinknews.com/2024/04/25/shadow-justice-secretary-shabana-mahmood-jk-rowling/ |access-date=12 June 2024 |work=[[PinkNews]] |archive-date=7 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507123327/https://www.thepinknews.com/2024/04/25/shadow-justice-secretary-shabana-mahmood-jk-rowling/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
In a 2024 interview with Genevieve Holl-Allen of ''[[The Daily Telegraph]]'', Mahmood said that she was concerned with the treatment of [[Gender-critical feminism|gender critical activists]], saying that "many women have had to go to court, usually in employment tribunals, in order to clarify ... their right to say that biological sex is real and is immutable – a position that I also agree with" and that women "shouldn't be in the position of losing their jobs" for espousing those views.<ref>{{cite news |last=Holl-Allen |first=Genevieve |date=22 April 2024 |title=Shadow justice secretary agrees with JK Rowling over gender critical views |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/2024/04/22/shadow-justice-secretary-agrees-jk-rowling-biological-sex/ |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240422221410/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/2024/04/22/shadow-justice-secretary-agrees-jk-rowling-biological-sex/ |archive-date=22 April 2024 |access-date=12 June 2024 |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Chudy |first=Emily |date=25 April 2024 |title=Labour's shadow justice secretary 'agrees' with JK Rowling's 'gender-critical' views |url=https://www.thepinknews.com/2024/04/25/shadow-justice-secretary-shabana-mahmood-jk-rowling/ |access-date=12 June 2024 |work=[[PinkNews]] |archive-date=7 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240507123327/https://www.thepinknews.com/2024/04/25/shadow-justice-secretary-shabana-mahmood-jk-rowling/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
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== Political views on the Israel/Palestine conflict==
== Political views on the Israel/Palestine conflict==


Mahmood says on her website that she is a passionate supporter of Palestinian rights.<ref name="PALREC">{{cite news |title=Shabana's record on Palestine |date=10 June 2021 |website=shabanamahmood.org |url=https://www.shabanamahmood.org/2021/06/10/palestine/ |access-date=6 Aug 2024 |archive-date=6 Aug 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20240806211452/https://www.shabanamahmood.org/2021/06/10/palestine/ |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2014, Mahmood took part in a demonstration outside a branch of Sainsbury's in central Birmingham. She said "We lay down in the street and we laid down inside Sainsbury's to say we object to them stocking goods from illegal settlements – and that they must stop. We managed to close down that store at peak time on a Saturday. This is how we can make a difference."<ref>{{cite web |last1=Walker |first1=Jonathan |title=Watch: Birmingham MP Shabana Mahmood hauled in by Labour bosses after this video of Sainsbury's Gaza protest|date=20 August 2014 |url=https://www.birminghammail.co.uk/news/midlands-news/watch-birmingham-mp-shabana-mahmood-7643691 |website=birminghammail.co.uk |publisher=Reach |access-date=7 August 2024}}</ref> The ''[[Jewish Chronicle]]'' reported that she was criticised for this by members of the [[Board of Deputies]] and the [[Jewish Leadership Council]]. The report also said that the chair of the [[Jewish Labour Movement]] and the director of Antisemitism Policy Trust both said that she had taken action against anti-semitism.<ref name="MOBRULE">{{cite news |title=Labour's new Justice Secretary was accused of encouraging 'mob rule' at pro-BDS protest |date=7 July 2024 |website=The Jewish Chronicle |url=https://thejc.com/news/politics/labours-new-justice-secretary-was-accused-of-encouraging-mob-rule-at-pro-bds-protest-buv7nom8 |access-date=6 Aug 2024 |archive-date=6 Aug 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20240806213757/https://www.thejc.com/news/politics/finchley-and-golders-green-mp-slams-disgusting-planned-far-right-action-in-north-london-pdwrlevr |url-status=live }}</ref>
Mahmood says on her website that she is a passionate supporter of Palestinian rights.<ref name="PALREC">{{cite news |title=Shabana’s record on Palestine |date=10 June 2021 |website=shabanamahmood.org |url=https://www.shabanamahmood.org/2021/06/10/palestine/ |access-date=6 Aug 2024 |archive-date=6 Aug 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.is/ELEFM |url-status=live }}</ref>

In 2014, Mahmood took part in a demonstration outside a branch of Sainsbury’s. She said ““We lay down in the street and we laid down inside Sainsbury’s to say we object to them stocking goods from illegal settlements – and that they must stop. We managed to close down that store at peak time on a Saturday. This is how we can make a difference.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Walker |first1=Jonathan |title=Watch: Birmingham MP Shabana Mahmood hauled in by Labour bosses after this video of Sainsbury's Gaza protest|date=20 August 2014 |url=https://www.birminghammail.co.uk/news/midlands-news/watch-birmingham-mp-shabana-mahmood-7643691 |website=birminghammail.co.uk |publisher=Reach |access-date=7 August 2024}}</ref> A report in the ''[[Jewish Chronicle]]'' says that she was criticised for this by members of the [[Board of Deputies]] and the [[Jewish Leadership Council]]. The report also said that the chair of the [[Jewish Labour Movement]] and the director of Antisemitism Policy Trust both said that she had taken action against anti-semitism.<ref name="MOBRULE">{{cite news |title=Labour’s new Justice Secretary was accused of encouraging ‘mob rule’ at pro-BDS protest |date=7 July 2024 |website=The Jewish Chronicle |url=https://thejc.com/news/politics/labours-new-justice-secretary-was-accused-of-encouraging-mob-rule-at-pro-bds-protest-buv7nom8 |access-date=6 Aug 2024 |archive-date=6 Aug 2024 |archive-url=https://archive.is/wip/E5NFn |url-status=live }}</ref>

In October 2023, she condemned the [[Hamas]] attack on 7 October and said she was “concerned by reports of rising incidents of antisemitism and Islamophobia in the UK”.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Mahmood |first1=Shabana |title=Shabana’s statement on recent events in Israel and Palestine|date=13 October 2023 |url=https://www.shabanamahmood.org/2023/10/13/shabanas-statement-on-recent-events-in-israel-and-palestine/ |website=shabanmahmood.org |access-date=7 August 2024}}</ref>


==Personal life==
==Personal life==
Line 112: Line 110:


Mahmood was sworn into the [[Privy Council (United Kingdom)|Privy Council]] on 6 July 2024, entitling her to be styled "[[The Right Honourable]]".<ref name="PC-6June24">{{cite web |date=6 July 2024 |title=List of Business – 6 July 2024 |url=https://privycouncil.independent.gov.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/2024-07-06-List-of-Business.pdf |access-date=8 July 2024 |publisher=Privy Council Office |archive-date=8 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240708114806/https://privycouncil.independent.gov.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/2024-07-06-List-of-Business.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
Mahmood was sworn into the [[Privy Council (United Kingdom)|Privy Council]] on 6 July 2024, entitling her to be styled "[[The Right Honourable]]".<ref name="PC-6June24">{{cite web |date=6 July 2024 |title=List of Business – 6 July 2024 |url=https://privycouncil.independent.gov.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/2024-07-06-List-of-Business.pdf |access-date=8 July 2024 |publisher=Privy Council Office |archive-date=8 July 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240708114806/https://privycouncil.independent.gov.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/2024-07-06-List-of-Business.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Notes==
{{notelist}}


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 11:18, 1 September 2024

Shabana Mahmood
Official portrait, 2024
Secretary of State for Justice
Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain
Assumed office
5 July 2024
Prime MinisterKeir Starmer
Preceded byAlex Chalk
Shadow portfolios
Shadow Cabinet
2023–2024Justice, Lord Chancellor
2021–2023National Campaign Co-ordinator
2015Chief Secretary to the Treasury
Shadow Minister
2013–2015Financial Secretary to the Treasury
2013Universities and Science
2011–2013Höhere Bildung
2010–2011Prisons
Member of Parliament
for Birmingham Ladywood
Assumed office
6 May 2010
Preceded byClare Short
Majority3,421 (9.3%)
Personal details
Born (1980-09-17) 17 September 1980 (age 43)
Small Heath, Birmingham, England
Political partyLabour
Alma materLincoln College, Oxford (BA)
WebsiteOfficial website

Shabana Mahmood (born 17 September 1980) is a British politician and barrister who has been serving as Lord Chancellor and Secretary of State for Justice since 2024. A member of the Labour Party, she has been Member of Parliament (MP) for Birmingham Ladywood since 2010. Between 2010 and 2024 she held various shadow junior ministerial and shadow cabinet positions under leaders Ed Miliband, Harriet Harman, and Keir Starmer.

Mahmood graduated with an upper-second class degree in Law from Lincoln College, University of Oxford, in 2002 and went on to complete the Bar Vocational Course at the Inns of Court School of Law in 2003 after receiving a scholarship. As a barrister, her specialism is in professional indemnity. Her selection as the Labour Party candidate for Birmingham Ladywood for the 2010 general election caused some dissent in the constituency party, but was found by an inquiry led by a member of the National Executive Committee of the Labour Party to be legitimate. She was subsequently elected as MP for Birmingham Ladywood, becoming one of the UK's first female Muslim MPs, along with Rushanara Ali and Yasmin Qureshi. Between 2010 and 2024, while the Labour Party was the Official Opposition, she held various shadow cabinet frontbench positions, including as Shadow Financial Secretary to the Treasury from 2013 to 2015.

After the 2015 general election, Mahmood was promoted to the Shadow cabinet and served as Shadow Chief Secretary to the Treasury in the interim Shadow Cabinet of Harriet Harman. Following Jeremy Corbyn's election as Labour leader, Mahmood resigned from the position and declined to serve in Corbyn's Shadow Cabinet. She supported Owen Smith in the attempt to replace Corbyn in the 2016 leadership election. After serving on the backbenches between 2015 and 2021, Mahmood returned to the shadow cabinet in the May 2021 British shadow cabinet reshuffle under Labour Leader Keir Starmer as the Party's National Campaign Coordinator. In the September 2023 British Shadow Cabinet Reshuffle, Starmer appointed Mahmood Shadow Secretary of State for Justice and Shadow Lord Chancellor.

Following Labour's victory in the 2024 general election, Mahmood was appointed Lord Chancellor and Secretary of State for Justice in Starmer's government.

Early life and career

Shabana Mahmood was born on 17 September 1980 in Birmingham, the daughter of Zubaida and Mahmood Ahmed.[1] Her parents are of Pakistani descent with roots in Mirpur, Kashmir.[2] She has a twin brother.[3] From 1981 to 1986 she lived with her family in Taif, Saudi Arabia, where her father was working as a civil engineer on desalination.[2][3] After that, she was brought up in Birmingham, where, having failed the eleven-plus, she attended Small Heath School and King Edward VI Camp Hill School for Girls.[4][1][3]

Her mother worked in a corner grocery shop that the family bought after returning to England.[3] Her father became chair of the local Labour party,[5] and as a teenager, Mahmood helped him with campaigning in local elections.[6] In an interview with Nick Robinson in 2024, Mahmood said that although politics "had always been part of [her] life", her ambition when younger was to be a barrister, and cited the example of the fictional Kavanagh QC.[7]

Mahmood studied law at Lincoln College at the University of Oxford, and was the president of the Junior Common Room (JCR).[8] She graduated with an upper-second class degree in 2002.[9][10] In 2023 she recalled that Rishi Sunak, who would go on to become prime minister, was in the year above her at Lincoln College, and had promised to vote for her in the JCR election.[6]

She graduated in 2002 with a Bachelor of Arts degree. She went on to complete the Bar Vocational Course at the Inns of Court School of Law in 2003,[1] having received a scholarship from Gray's Inn.[11][12] She is a qualified barrister, specialising in professional indemnity law,[13] and worked at 12 King's Bench Walk from 2003 to 2004, and at Berrymans Lace Mawer from 2004 to 2007.[1]

Parliamentary career

Early career and frontbench (2010–2015)

Clare Short, the incumbent MP for Birmingham Ladywood, decided not to contest the 2010 general election.[14] Mahmood and a local councillor, Yvonne Mosquito, both sought the Labour Party nomination.[14] In the vote of Constituency Labour Party (CLP) members to select the candidate, Mahmood secured 118 votes while Mosquito received 99.[15] Supporters of Mosquito claimed that up to 30 members were prevented from voting for her following a rule change affecting eligibility.[15] According to the political scholars Parveen Akhtar and Timothy Peace, "This led to the CLP being temporarily split on race lines between Asian and Afro-Caribbean factions, demonstrating the complicated ethnic tensions at play in some U.K. constituencies."[14] Mahmood said that she did not feel that the local party was divided in this way, and commented that "I know there is a line out there about divisions, my experience doesn't mirror that in any way."[16][17] An inquiry led by National Executive Committee of the Labour Party member Mike Griffiths found that Mahmood's victory was legitimate.[15]

At the 2010 general election, Mahmood was elected as MP for Birmingham Ladywood with 55.7% of the vote and a majority of 10,105.[18][19][20][21] Along with Rushanara Ali and Yasmin Qureshi, Mahmood became one of the UK's first female Muslim MPs.[4] The Labour Party was the Official Opposition, and Mahmood held various shadow cabinet front bench positions under new leader Ed Miliband, including Shadow Minister for Prisons, Shadow Minister for Higher Education, and Shadow Financial Secretary to the Treasury.[22][23]

In 2011, it was reported that Mahmood was on the list of people spied on by private investigator Derek Webb for the News of the World, which was seeking information about the people of most interest to their readers.[24]

At the 2015 general election, Mahmood was re-elected as MP for Birmingham Ladywood with an increased vote share of 73.6% and an increased majority of 21,868.[25] Following the election, Mahmood was appointed to the Shadow Cabinet as Shadow Chief Secretary to the Treasury.[26] Nationwide, the Labour Party's election results were below expectations, and party leader Ed Miliband resigned the following day.[27] Mahmood was a co-chair of the campaign to elect Yvette Cooper in the 2015 Labour Party leadership election, and made a pledge to avoid negative briefing during the campaign.[28]

Return to the backbenches (2015–2021)

In September 2015, following Jeremy Corbyn's election as Labour leader, Mahmood stepped down from the role, saying she "strongly disagreed" with him on the economy.[29] The following month, she was one of the winners of the women's magazine Marie Claire's Women at the Top Awards.[30]

In January 2016, Mahmood was elected to represent the Parliamentary Labour Party on Labour's National Executive Committee, and was re-elected in July 2016.[31][32] She was offered a place in Corbyn's shadow cabinet, but declined, telling him that "I'll be miserable, and I'll make you miserable as well."[6] In November 2016, Mahmood was elected one of the vice chairs of Labour's National Policy Forum.[33] She supported Owen Smith in the failed attempt to replace Jeremy Corbyn in the 2016 Labour Party leadership election.[34]

At the snap 2017 general election, Mahmood was again re-elected with an increased vote share of 82.7% and an increased majority of 28,714.[35]

Mahmood was again re-elected at the 2019 general election with a decreased vote share of 79.2% and a decreased majority of 28,582.[36] After Labour's election loss, Mahmood was asked to commission a review launched by Labour Together of the party's election performance.[37]

Return to the frontbench (2021–2024)

In the May 2021 British shadow cabinet reshuffle, Mahmood returned to the Shadow Cabinet as Labour Party National Campaign Coordinator, replacing Angela Rayner in the role.[38] Peter Walker of The Guardian considered that Mahmood and Labour's campaign director Morgan McSweeney had improved the campaign organisation and use of data by the party by 2023.[39]

Keir Starmer appointed Mahmood, seen as an ally of his, as Shadow Secretary of State for Justice in September 2023.[40][41] She was replaced as campaign co-ordinator by Pat McFadden.[41] Also that month, Mahmood was named by the New Statesman as the UK's twentieth most powerful left-wing figure.[42]

At the 2024 general election, Mahmood was re-elected with a decreased share of 42.5% and a majority of 3,421.[43] She had been challenged by independent candidate Akhmed Yakoob, whose campaign focused on support for Palestine.[44][45] Yakoob finished second behind Mahmood, with 12,137 votes,[46] following a campaign that Mahmood described as "sullied by harassment and intimidation".[45]

Justice Secretary and Lord Chancellor (2024–present)

On 5 July 2024, Starmer appointed Mahmood as the Secretary of State for Justice and Lord Chancellor.[47] This made her the first Muslim and second female Lord Chancellor in history.[48][49] Conservative Party politician Liz Truss was the first woman to hold the role, having been appointed in the first May ministry in July 2016 as the first female lord chancellor in the office's thousand-year history.[50][a]

A week after her appointment, she announced measures intended to decrease prison overcrowding, describing the situation in prisons as a ticking "time bomb" and saying that prisons were on the "point of collapse".[52][53] Under her plans, some prisoners would be released after serving 40% of their sentences in England and Wales, rather than the 50% announced previously in October 2023.[54] She stated that she expected that the number of prisoners to be released in September 2024 would be "in the low thousands", with further releases over the following 18 months with updates in parliament every three months.[55][52]

Following the 2024 United Kingdom riots, Mahmood pledged that "the full force of the law [would] be brought against" the rioters, and those inciting them.[56] She also remarked that the volume of cases relating to the riots would affect the UK's justice system for years.[56]

Political views on sex education and gender

In March 2019 Mahmood was criticised by activists within her party over comments she made regarding the teaching of LGBTQ+ content during Relationship and Sex Education (RSE) lessons in schools after some of her constituents compiled a petition objecting to the introduction of lessons at a particular school.[57] She said that the "religious background" of pupils and "age appropriateness" should be considered. Columnist Owen Jones wrote on the social network X that her remarks were "shocking", as he felt they supported parents "trying to stop lessons educating pupils about the existence of gay people".[58] Mahmood replied that she had never advocated for the exclusion of LGBT relationships from RSE classes, but this failed to satisfy all of her critics.[58]

In a 2024 interview with Genevieve Holl-Allen of The Daily Telegraph, Mahmood said that she was concerned with the treatment of gender critical activists, saying that "many women have had to go to court, usually in employment tribunals, in order to clarify ... their right to say that biological sex is real and is immutable – a position that I also agree with" and that women "shouldn't be in the position of losing their jobs" for espousing those views.[59][60]

Political views on the Israel/Palestine conflict

Mahmood says on her website that she is a passionate supporter of Palestinian rights.[61] In 2014, Mahmood took part in a demonstration outside a branch of Sainsbury's in central Birmingham. She said "We lay down in the street and we laid down inside Sainsbury's to say we object to them stocking goods from illegal settlements – and that they must stop. We managed to close down that store at peak time on a Saturday. This is how we can make a difference."[62] The Jewish Chronicle reported that she was criticised for this by members of the Board of Deputies and the Jewish Leadership Council. The report also said that the chair of the Jewish Labour Movement and the director of Antisemitism Policy Trust both said that she had taken action against anti-semitism.[63]

Personal life

In a 2024 interview with Gabriel Pogrund of The Sunday Times, Mahmood was described as a "devout Muslim". She said, "My faith is the centrepoint of my life and it drives me to public service, it drives me in the way that I live my life and I see my life."[3] She lives next door to her parents.[3]

Mahmood was sworn into the Privy Council on 6 July 2024, entitling her to be styled "The Right Honourable".[64]

Notes

  1. ^ Excluding Eleanor of Provence, who exercised the powers of the lord chancellor in 1253 but was not formally appointed to the office.[50][51]

References

  1. ^ a b c d Dods Parliamentary Companion 2018. London: Dods. 2017. p. 249. ISBN 978-1-908232-27-4.
  2. ^ a b "Pakistan-origin Shabana Mahmood is UK's first Muslim woman Lord Chancellor". Arab News. 16 July 2024. Retrieved 19 July 2024.
  3. ^ a b c d e f Pogrund, Gabriel (30 March 2024). "Faith, Gaza and racism, by Labour MP who could become justice secretary". The Sunday Times. Archived from the original on 31 March 2024.
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  44. ^ Murray, Jessica (24 June 2024). "Birmingham election candidate apologises for 'deeply disturbing' remarks about women". The Guardian.
  45. ^ a b Lawson, Eleanor (5 July 2024). "Female MPs call harassment an assault on democracy". BBC News.
  46. ^ Haynes, Jane (5 July 2024). "MP Shabana Mahmood had armed police guard as election intimidation became 'assault on democracy'". Birmingham Live.
  47. ^ Cross, Michael (5 July 2024). "Shabana Mahmood appointed lord chancellor and justice secretary in Starmer cabinet". Law Gazette. The Law Society. Archived from the original on 5 July 2024. Retrieved 5 July 2024.
  48. ^ Obiter (11 July 2024). "Oooh. Suits you, madam". Law Gazette. Retrieved 6 August 2024.
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  50. ^ a b Cole, Harry; Heale, James (2022). Out of the Blue: The Inside Story of the Unexpected Rise and Rapid Fall of Liz Truss. HarperCollins. pp. 129, 132. ISBN 978-0-00-860578-0.
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  56. ^ a b Howard, Jacqueline (11 August 2024). "Impact of riots to be felt for years, says minister". BBC News.
  57. ^ Rodgers, Sienna (5 March 2019). "Shabana Mahmood under fire for comments on LGBT lessons in schools". LabourList. Archived from the original on 23 May 2024. Retrieved 23 May 2024.
  58. ^ a b "Labour MP Shabana Mahmood faces backlash over LGBT education comments". Pink News. 6 March 2019. Archived from the original on 11 April 2024. Retrieved 8 July 2024.
  59. ^ Holl-Allen, Genevieve (22 April 2024). "Shadow justice secretary agrees with JK Rowling over gender critical views". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 22 April 2024. Retrieved 12 June 2024.
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  61. ^ "Shabana's record on Palestine". shabanamahmood.org. 10 June 2021. Archived from the original on 6 August 2024. Retrieved 6 August 2024.
  62. ^ Walker, Jonathan (20 August 2014). "Watch: Birmingham MP Shabana Mahmood hauled in by Labour bosses after this video of Sainsbury's Gaza protest". birminghammail.co.uk. Reach. Retrieved 7 August 2024.
  63. ^ "Labour's new Justice Secretary was accused of encouraging 'mob rule' at pro-BDS protest". The Jewish Chronicle. 7 July 2024. Archived from the original on 6 August 2024. Retrieved 6 August 2024.
  64. ^ "List of Business – 6 July 2024" (PDF). Privy Council Office. 6 July 2024. Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 July 2024. Retrieved 8 July 2024.
Parliament of the United Kingdom
Preceded by Member of Parliament
for Birmingham, Ladywood

2010–present
Incumbent
Political offices
Preceded by Shadow Chief Secretary to the Treasury
2015
Succeeded by
Political offices
Preceded by Secretary of State for Justice
2024–present
Incumbent
Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain
2024–present
Order of precedence in England and Wales
Preceded by Ladies
as Lord Chancellor
Succeeded byas Lord President of the Council
Order of precedence in Scotland
Preceded by Ladies
as Lord Chancellor
Succeeded by
Commonwealth Prime Minsters