1874 in animation: Difference between revisions
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==Births== |
==Births== |
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===January=== |
===January=== |
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* '''January 29''': [[Raoul Barré]], Canadian animator, cartoonist, and painter, (co-founder of the [[animation studio]] [[Barré Studio]] which pioneered some early animation processes, including mechanical perforation of cels and animating [[special effects]] on glass; also worked as a contractor for the [[William Randolph Hearst]]-owned animation studio [[International Film Service]], and as a "guest animator" for the [[film series]] ''[[Felix the Cat]]'' by [[Pat Sullivan (film producer)|Pat Sullivan Productions]].) (d. [[1932]]),<ref>''L’Académie Julian et ses élèves canadiens |
* '''January 29''': [[Raoul Barré]], Canadian animator, cartoonist, and painter, (co-founder of the [[animation studio]] [[Barré Studio]] which pioneered some early animation processes, including mechanical perforation of cels and animating [[special effects]] on glass; also worked as a contractor for the [[William Randolph Hearst]]-owned animation studio [[International Film Service]], and as a "guest animator" for the [[film series]] ''[[Felix the Cat]]'' by [[Pat Sullivan (film producer)|Pat Sullivan Productions]].) (d. [[1932]]),<ref>''L’Académie Julian et ses élèves canadiens Paris, 1880-1900'' par Samuel Montiège, Thèse de doctorat, Département d’histoire de l’art et d’études cinématographiques, Faculté des arts et sciences, Montréal, mai 2011.</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Gifford |first=Denis |title=American Animated Films: The Silent Era, 1897-1929 |date=1990 |publisher=McFarland & Co |isbn=0-89950-460-4}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Maltin |first=Leonard |title=Of Mice and Magic: A History of American Animated Cartoons |date=1987 |publisher=Plume |isbn=0-452-25993-2 |edition=Revised |pages=11–14}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |title=Of mice and magic : a history of American animated cartoons |last=Maltin |first=Leonard |publisher=[[McGraw-Hill]] |year=1987 |pages=25|isbn=9780452259935 |url= https://archive.org/details/ofmicemagichisto0000malt/}}</ref><ref>Donald Crafton; Before Mickey: The Animated Film, 1898-1928; The University of Chicago Press; ISBN 0-226-11667-0 (1982, 1993)</ref> |
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Paris, 1880-1900'' par Samuel Montiège, Thèse de doctorat, Département d’histoire de l’art et d’études cinématographiques, Faculté des arts et sciences, Montréal, mai 2011.</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Gifford |first=Denis |title=American Animated Films: The Silent Era, 1897-1929 |date=1990 |publisher=McFarland & Co |isbn=0-89950-460-4}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Maltin |first=Leonard |title=Of Mice and Magic: A History of American Animated Cartoons |date=1987 |publisher=Plume |isbn=0-452-25993-2 |edition=Revised |pages=11–14}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |title=Of mice and magic : a history of American animated cartoons |last=Maltin |first=Leonard |publisher=[[McGraw-Hill]] |year=1987 |pages=25|isbn=9780452259935 |url= https://archive.org/details/ofmicemagichisto0000malt/}}</ref><ref>Donald Crafton; Before Mickey: The Animated Film, 1898-1928; The University of Chicago Press; ISBN 0-226-11667-0 (1982, 1993)</ref> |
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===April=== |
===April=== |
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Revision as of 14:33, 2 July 2024
Events in 1874 in animation.
Events
- December 9: In 1874, Jules Janssen made several practice discs for the recording of the passage of Venus with his series Passage de Vénus, which he intended to record with his photographic revolver. He used a model of the planet and a light source standing in for the Sun. While actual recordings of the passage of Venus have not been located, some practice discs survived and the images of one were turned into a short animated film after the development of cinematography.[1][2] The images were purportedly taken in Japan by Janssen himself and the Brazilian engineer Francisco Antônio de Almeida by using Janssen's photographic revolver.[3][4][5]The revolver could take several dozens of exposures at regulated intervals on a daguerreotype disc.[6] The Janssen revolver was the instrument that originated chronophotography, a branch of photography based on capturing movement from a sequence of images. To create the apparatus Pierre Janssen was inspired by the revolving cylinder of Samuel Colt's revolver.[7]
- Specific date unknown
- One of the earliest examples of three-dimensional scientific visualisation was Maxwell's thermodynamic surface, sculpted in clay in 1874 by James Clerk Maxwell.[8] This prefigured modern scientific visualization techniques that use computer graphics.[9]
Births
January
- January 29: Raoul Barré, Canadian animator, cartoonist, and painter, (co-founder of the animation studio Barré Studio which pioneered some early animation processes, including mechanical perforation of cels and animating special effects on glass; also worked as a contractor for the William Randolph Hearst-owned animation studio International Film Service, and as a "guest animator" for the film series Felix the Cat by Pat Sullivan Productions.) (d. 1932),[10][11][12][13][14]
April
- April 15: Arthur Melbourne-Cooper, British filmmaker and photographer, pioneer of stop-motion animation, (directed the animated films Dolly’s Toys and The Enchanted Toymaker.) (d. 1961)[15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]
References
- ^ 1874 Pierre Jules César Janssen - Passage artificiel de Venus sur le Soleil. magical media museum. 2012-05-05. Archived from the original on 2021-07-17. Retrieved 2021-08-10 – via YouTube.
- ^ Janssen, P. J. C. (1874-12-09), Passage de Venus (Documentary, Short), retrieved 2023-12-30
- ^ Doucet, Jean-François. "La "photographie du temps" avant le cinéma" ["Time photography" before cinema]. www.jf-doucet.com (in French). Retrieved 2016-02-20.
- ^ Débarbat, Suzanne; Launay, Françoise (2006). "The 1874 Transit of Venus Observed in Japan by the French, and Associated Relics". Journal of Astronomical History and Heritage. 9 (2). adsabs.harvard.edu: 167. Bibcode:2006JAHH....9..167D. Retrieved 2016-08-01.
- ^ Rogério De Freitas Mourão, Ronaldo (2005). "The Brazilian contribution to the observation of the transit of Venus". IAU Colloq. 196: Transits of Venus: New Views of the Solar System and Galaxy. 2004. adsabs.harvard.edu: 154. Bibcode:2005tvnv.conf..154R. doi:10.1017/S1743921305001353. S2CID 140645257.
- ^ "XXXII. The First Daguerreotype Portraits; Exposures Reduced to Seconds", History of Photography, Columbia University Press, pp. 271–278, 1945-12-31, ISBN 978-0-231-88370-2, retrieved 2023-12-31
- ^ "Revolver fotográfico | IDIS". proyectoidis.org. Retrieved 2018-11-30.
- ^ James Clerk Maxwell and P. M. Harman (2002), The Scientific Letters and Papers of James Clerk Maxwell, Volume 3; 1874–1879, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-25627-5, p. 148.
- ^ Thomas G.West (February 1999). "Images and reversals: James Clerk Maxwell, working in wet clay". ACM SIGGRAPH Computer Graphics. 33 (1): 15–17. doi:10.1145/563666.563671. S2CID 13968486.
- ^ L’Académie Julian et ses élèves canadiens Paris, 1880-1900 par Samuel Montiège, Thèse de doctorat, Département d’histoire de l’art et d’études cinématographiques, Faculté des arts et sciences, Montréal, mai 2011.
- ^ Gifford, Denis (1990). American Animated Films: The Silent Era, 1897-1929. McFarland & Co. ISBN 0-89950-460-4.
- ^ Maltin, Leonard (1987). Of Mice and Magic: A History of American Animated Cartoons (Revised ed.). Plume. pp. 11–14. ISBN 0-452-25993-2.
- ^ Maltin, Leonard (1987). Of mice and magic : a history of American animated cartoons. McGraw-Hill. p. 25. ISBN 9780452259935.
- ^ Donald Crafton; Before Mickey: The Animated Film, 1898-1928; The University of Chicago Press; ISBN 0-226-11667-0 (1982, 1993)
- ^ Crafton (2015), p. 223
- ^ de Vries, Mul (2009), p. 323
- ^ "Arthur Melbourne-Cooper pioneer film maker". UEA East Anglian Film Archive. Retrieved 2015-07-04.
- ^ Crafton, Donald (2009), "Arthur Melbourne-Cooper's Shadow of Doubt", in de Vries, Tjitte; Mul, Ati (eds.), They Thought it Was a Marvel: Arthur Melbourne-Cooper (1874-1961), Pioneer of Puppet Animation, Amsterdam University Press, ISBN 9789085550167
- ^ Gray, Frank (1999). "Smith versus Melbourne-Cooper: History and Counter-History". Film History. 11: 246–261.
- ^ Tjitte, de Vries (2000). "Letter to the Editor: The Case for Melbourne-Cooper". Film History. 12: 330–335.
- ^ Stephen, Bottomore (2002). "Smith Versus Melbourne-Cooper: An End to the Dispute". Film History. 14: 57–73. doi:10.2979/FIL.2002.14.1.57.
- ^ "T M Cooper of St Albans". Genealogy in Hertfordshire. Retrieved 2015-07-04.
Sources
- Crafton, Donald (2015), "The Trickfilm Tradition", Before Mickey:The Animated Film 1898-1928, University of Chicago Press, ISBN 978-0226231020
- De Vries, Tjitte and Ati Mul, They Thought it was a Marvel - Arthur Melbourne-Cooper: Pioneer of Animation, Filmmuseum Amsterdam, 2007.