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Battle of Cold Harbor order of battle: Union

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The following Union Army units and commanders fought in the Battle of Cold Harbor (May 31–June 12, 1864) of the American Civil War. The Confederate order of battle is listed separately. Order of battle compiled from the army organization May 31, 1864,[1] army organization May 26-June 3, 1864,[2] the casualty returns[3] and the reports.[4][5]

Abbreviations used

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Military Rank

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Other

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Forces operating against Richmond May 31-June 5, 1864

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LTG Ulysses S. Grant

Escort:

Army of the Potomac

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MG George Meade

General Staff:

General Headquarters:

Provost Guard: BG Marsena R. Patrick

Engineer Troops:[6]

Guards and Orderlies:

  • Independent Company Oneida (New York) Cavalry

Unattached:

II Corps

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MG Winfield S. Hancock

Escort:

  • 1st Vermont Cavalry, Company M
Division Brigade Regiments and Others

First Division

     BG Francis C. Barlow

1st Brigade


   Col Nelson A. Miles

2nd Brigade


   Col Richard Byrnes (mw)
   Col Patrick Kelly

3rd Brigade


   Col Clinton D. MacDougall

4th Brigade


   Col John R. Brooke (w)
   Col Orlando H. Morris (k)
   Col Lewis O. Morris (k)
   Col James A. Beaver

Second Division

     BG John Gibbon

1st Brigade


   Col H. Boyd McKeen (k)
   Col Frank A. Haskell (k)
   BG Byron R. Pierce[11]

2nd Brigade


   BG Joshua T. Owen

3rd Brigade


   Col Thomas A. Smyth

4th Brigade


   BG Robert O. Tyler (w)
   Col James P. McIvor

Provost Guard
  • 2nd Company Minnesota Sharpshooters

Third Division

     MG David B. Birney

1st Brigade


   Col Thomas W. Egan

2nd Brigade


   Col Thomas R. Tannatt

3rd Brigade


   BG Gershom Mott

4th Brigade


   Col William R. Brewster

Artillery Brigade


   Col John C. Tidball

V Corps

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MG Gouverneur K. Warren

Provost Guard:

  • 12th New York Battalion[15]
Division Brigade Regiments and Others

First Division

     BG Charles Griffin

1st Brigade


   BG Romeyn B. Ayres

2nd Brigade


   Col Jacob B. Sweitzer

3rd Brigade


   BG Joseph J. Bartlett

Second Division

     BG Henry H. Lockwood[20]
     BG Samuel W. Crawford[21]

1st Brigade


   Col Peter Lyle

2nd Brigade


   Col James L. Bates

3rd Brigade


   Col Nathan D. Dushane

Third Division

     BG Samuel W. Crawford

1st Brigade


   Col Martin Davis Hardin

3rd Brigade


   Col Joseph W. Fisher

Heavy Artillery Brigade[24]


   Col J. Howard Kitching

Fourth Division
     BG Lysander Cutler

1st Brigade


   Col William W. Robinson

2nd Brigade


   Col J. William Hofmann

3rd Brigade


   Col Edward S. Bragg

Provost Guard
Artillery Brigade


   Col Charles S. Wainwright

VI Corps

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MG Horatio G. Wright

Escort:

Division Brigade Regiments and Others

First Division

     BG David A. Russell

1st Brigade


   Col William H. Penrose

2nd Brigade


   BG Emory Upton

3rd Brigade


   BG Henry L. Eustis

4th Brigade


   Col Nelson Cross

Second Division

     BG Thomas H. Neill

1st Brigade


   BG Frank Wheaton

2nd Brigade


   BG Lewis A. Grant

3rd Brigade


   Col Daniel D. Bidwell

4th Brigade


   Col Oliver Edwards

Third Division

     BG James B. Ricketts

1st Brigade


   Col William S. Truex (w)
   Ltc Caldwell K. Hall
   Col John W. Schall[27] (w)
   Ltc Caldwell K. Hall

2nd Brigade


   Col Benjamin F. Smith

Artillery Brigade


   Col Charles H. Tompkins

IX Corps

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MG Ambrose E. Burnside

General Staff:

  • Chief of Staff: MG John G. Parke
  • Chief of Artillery: Ltc J. Albert Monroe

Provost Guard:

Division Brigade Regiments and Others

First Division

     MG Thomas L. Crittenden

1st Brigade


   BG James H. Ledlie

2nd Brigade


   Ltc Gilbert P. Robinson
   Col Joseph M. Sudsburg[28]
   Col Ebenezer W. Peirce[11]

Provisional Brigade


   Col Elisha G. Marshall

  • 2nd New York Mounted Rifles (dismounted)
  • 14th New York Heavy Artillery
  • 24th New York Cavalry (dismounted)
  • 2nd Pennsylvania Provisional Heavy Artillery
Acting Engineers
Artillery

Second Division

     BG Robert B. Potter

1st Brigade


   Col John I. Curtin

2nd Brigade


   Col Simon G. Griffin

Acting Engineers
Artillery

Third Division

     BG Orlando B. Willcox

1st Brigade


   Col John F. Hartranft

2nd Brigade


   Col Benjamin C. Christ

Acting Engineers
Artillery

Fourth Division

     BG Edward Ferrero

1st Brigade


   Col Joshua K. Sigfried

  • 27th United States Colored Troops
  • 30th United States Colored Troops
  • 39th United States Colored Troops
  • 43rd United States Colored Troops
2nd Brigade


   Col Henry G. Thomas

Artillery

Cavalry Corps

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MG Philip H. Sheridan

Escort:

Division Brigade Regiments and Others

First Division
     BG Alfred T. A. Torbert

1st Brigade


   BG George A. Custer

2nd Brigade


   Col Thomas C. Devin

Reserve Brigade


   BG Wesley Merritt

Second Division
     BG David McM. Gregg

1st Brigade


   BG Henry E. Davies, Jr.

2nd Brigade


   Col J. Irvin Gregg

Third Division
     BG James H. Wilson

1st Brigade


   Col John B. McIntosh

2nd Brigade


   Col George H. Chapman

Escort
1st Brigade Horse Artillery[31]


   Cpt James M. Robertson

  • New York Light, 6th Battery[32]
  • 2nd United States, Batteries B and L
  • 2nd United States, Battery D
  • 2nd United States, Battery M
  • 4th United States, Battery A[32]
  • 4th United States, Batteries C and E

Artillery

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Division Brigade Regiments and Others

Artillery
     BG Henry J. Hunt[33]

2nd Brigade Horse Artillery[31]


   Cpt Dunbar R. Ransom

Artillery Park


   Ltc Freeman McGilvery

  • 15th New York Heavy, 2nd Battalion

Army of the James

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XVIII Corps

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MG William F. Smith[34]

Division Brigade Regiments and Others

First Division

     BG William T. H. Brooks

1st Brigade


   BG Gilman Marston

2nd Brigade


   BG Hiram Burnham

3rd Brigade


   Col Guy V. Henry

Second Division

     BG John H. Martindale

1st Brigade


   BG George J. Stannard

2nd Brigade


   Col Griffin Alexander Stedman

Third Division[36]

     BG Charles Devens, Jr.
     BG Adelbert Ames[37]

1st Brigade


   Col William B. Barton

2nd Brigade


   Col Jeremiah C. Drake (mw)
   Ltc Zina H. Robinson
   Col Alexander Piper[38]

3rd Brigade


   BG Adelbert Ames
   Col Henry R. Guss

Artillery Brigade


   Cpt Samuel S. Elder

Forces operating against Richmond June 6-12, 1864

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LTG Ulysses S. Grant

Escort:

Army of the Potomac

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MG George Meade

General Staff:

General Headquarters:

Provost Guard: BG Marsena R. Patrick

Engineer Troops:[6]

Guards and Orderlies:

  • Independent Company Oneida (New York) Cavalry

II Corps

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MG Winfield S. Hancock

Escort:

  • 1st Vermont Cavalry, Company M
Division Brigade Regiments and Others

First Division

     BG Francis C. Barlow

1st Brigade


   Col Nelson A. Miles[40]

2nd Brigade


   Col Patrick Kelly

3rd Brigade


   Col Clinton D. MacDougall

4th Brigade


   Col James A. Beaver

Second Division

     BG John Gibbon

1st Brigade


   BG Byron R. Pierce

2nd Brigade


   BG Joshua T. Owen
   Col John Fraser[41]

3rd Brigade


   Col Thomas A. Smyth

4th Brigade


   Col James P. MacIvor
   Col John Ramsey[42]

Provost Guard
  • 2nd Company Minnesota Sharpshooters

Third Division

     MG David B. Birney

1st Brigade


   Col Thomas W. Egan

2nd Brigade


   Col Thomas R. Tannatt

3rd Brigade


   BG Gershom Mott

4th Brigade


   Col William R. Brewster

Artillery Brigade


   Col John C. Tidball

V Corps

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MG Gouverneur K. Warren[44]

Provost Guard:

  • 5th New York, Companies F and E[45]
Division Brigade Regiments and Others

First Division

     BG Charles Griffin

1st Brigade[46]


   Col Edward S. Bragg
   Col Joshua L. Chamberlain[47]

2nd Brigade


   Col Jacob B. Sweitzer

3rd Brigade


   BG Joseph J. Bartlett

Second Division

     BG Romeyn B. Ayres[47]

1st Brigade[50]


   Col Edgar M. Gregory

2nd Brigade[51]


   Col Nathan D. Dushane

3rd Brigade


   Col J. Howard Kitching

Third Division

     BG Samuel W. Crawford[47]

1st Brigade[52]


   Col Peter Lyle

2nd Brigade[54]


   Col James L. Bates

3rd Brigade


   Maj William R. Hartshorne
   Col James Carle[56]

Fourth Division
     BG Lysander Cutler

1st Brigade


   Col William W. Robinson
   Col Edward S. Bragg[42]

2nd Brigade


   Col J. William Hofmann

Provost Guard
Artillery Brigade


   Col Charles S. Wainwright

VI Corps

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MG Horatio G. Wright

Escort:

Division Brigade Regiments and Others

First Division

     BG David A. Russell

1st Brigade


   Col William H. Penrose

2nd Brigade


   BG Emory Upton

3rd Brigade


   BG Henry L. Eustis[59]
   Ltc Gideon Clark[41]

4th Brigade


   Col Nelson Cross

Second Division

     BG Thomas H. Neill

1st Brigade


   BG Frank Wheaton

2nd Brigade


   BG Lewis A. Grant

3rd Brigade


   Col Daniel D. Bidwell

4th Brigade


   Col Oliver Edwards

Third Division

     BG James B. Ricketts

1st Brigade


   Ltc Caldwell K. Hall

2nd Brigade


   Col Benjamin F. Smith

Artillery Brigade


   Col Charles H. Tompkins

IX Corps

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MG Ambrose E. Burnside

General Staff:

  • Chief of Staff: MG John G. Parke
  • Chief of Artillery: Ltc J. Albert Monroe

Provost Guard:

Division Brigade Regiments and Others

First Division

     MG Thomas L. Crittenden[60]
     BG James H. Ledlie[61]

1st Brigade


   BG James H. Ledlie
   Col Jacob P. Gould[61]

2nd Brigade


   Col Ebenezer W. Peirce

Provisional Brigade[64]


   Col Elisha G. Marshall

  • 2nd New York Mounted Rifles[65] (dismounted)
  • 14th New York Heavy Artillery
  • 24th New York Cavalry[66] (dismounted)
  • 2nd Pennsylvania Provisional Heavy Artillery
Acting Engineers
Artillery

Second Division

     BG Robert B. Potter

1st Brigade


   Col John I. Curtin

2nd Brigade


   BG Simon G. Griffin

Acting Engineers
Artillery
  • Massachusetts Light, 11th Battery
  • New York Light, 19th Battery

Third Division

     BG Orlando B. Willcox

1st Brigade


   Col John F. Hartranft

2nd Brigade


   Col Benjamin C. Christ

Acting Engineers
Artillery

Fourth Division

     BG Edward Ferrero

1st Brigade


   Col Joshua K. Sigfried

  • 27th United States Colored Troops
  • 30th United States Colored Troops
  • 39th United States Colored Troops
  • 43rd United States Colored Troops
2nd Brigade


   Col Henry G. Thomas

Artillery

Cavalry Corps

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MG Philip H. Sheridan[69]

Escort:

Division Brigade Regiments and Others

First Division
     BG Alfred T. A. Torbert

1st Brigade


   BG George A. Custer

2nd Brigade


   Col Thomas C. Devin

Reserve Brigade


   BG Wesley Merritt

Second Division
     BG David McM. Gregg

1st Brigade


   BG Henry E. Davies, Jr.

2nd Brigade


   Col J. Irvin Gregg

Third Division
     BG James H. Wilson

1st Brigade


   Col John B. McIntosh

2nd Brigade


   Col George H. Chapman

Escort
Horse Artillery Brigade


   Cpt James M. Robertson

Artillery

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Division Brigade Regiments and Others

Artillery
     BG Henry J. Hunt[33]

Artillery Park


   Ltc Freeman McGilvery

  • 15th New York Heavy, 2nd Battalion

Army of the James

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XVIII Corps

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MG William F. Smith[71]

Division Brigade Regiments and Others

First Division

     BG William T. H. Brooks

1st Brigade


   BG Gilman Marston

2nd Brigade


   BG Hiram Burnham

3rd Brigade


   Col Guy V. Henry

Second Division

     BG John H. Martindale

1st Brigade


   BG George J. Stannard

2nd Brigade


   Col Griffin A. Stedman, Jr.

Third Division[36]

     BG Adelbert Ames

1st Brigade


   Col William B. Barton

2nd Brigade


   Col Alexander Piper[72]
   Col N. Martin Curtis

3rd Brigade


   Col Henry R. Guss[73]
   Col Louis Bell

Artillery Brigade


   Cpt Samuel S. Elder

Notes

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  1. ^ Official Records, Series I, Volume XXXVI, Part 1, pages 198-209
  2. ^ Gordon C. Rhea, Cold Harbor: Grant and Lee May 26-June 3, 1864, The Order of Battle
  3. ^ Official Records, Series I, Volume XXXVI, Part 1, pages 153-165; Official Records, Series I, Volume XXXVI, Part 1, pages 166-183
  4. ^ Official Records, Series I, Volume XXXVI, Part 1, pages 1162-1168
  5. ^ Multiple commander names indicate command succession of command during the battle or the campaign.
  6. ^ a b 15th New York Engineers at Fort Monroe, Virginia; Brigadier General Henry W. Benham was not present (see: Benham's report)
  7. ^ At Port Royal, Virginia; joined Second Brigade, Third Division, Cavalry Corps on June 5, 1864 (see: Chapman's report)
  8. ^ a b c d e Arrived June 1, 1864
  9. ^ a b Detachment 7th New York attached
  10. ^ Detached at Port Royal, Virginia; rejoined brigade June 5, 1864 (see: Wilder's report)
  11. ^ a b Assigned June 4, 1864
  12. ^ Transferred to First Brigade June 5, 1864
  13. ^ a b Attached to the 120th New York
  14. ^ The First Battalion joined from the VI Corps May 31, 1864, and the Second Battalion from the V Corps May 29, 1864, thus uniting the three battalions
  15. ^ Transferred to the 5th New York on June 2, 1864 (see: Official Records, Series I, Volume XXXVI, Part 3, page 453; New York State Military Museum and Veterans Research Center - 5th Veteran Infantry Regiment; New York State Military Museum and Veterans Research Center - 12th Infantry Regiment)
  16. ^ a b 2nd Company Massachusetts Sharpshooters attached
  17. ^ Gordon C. Rhea in Cold Harbor: Grant and Lee May 26-June 3, 1864, The Order of Battle lists the 21st Pennsylvania Cavalry in the 1st Brigade (see also: Pennsylvania in the Civil War - 21st Pennsylvania Cavalry)
  18. ^ Transferred to Ninth Corps on June 3, 1864 (see: Deane's report; Itinerary First Division, Ninth Army Corps; Official Records, Series I, Volume XXXVI, Part 3, page 543)
  19. ^ a b Brady's Company Michigan Sharpshooters attached
  20. ^ Relieved June 2, 1864 (see: Official Records, Series I, Volume XXXVI, Part 3, pages 494 and 495)
  21. ^ Assigned June 2, 1864 (see: Official Records, Series I, Volume XXXVI, Part 3, page 495)
  22. ^ a b c d Left front June 1, 1864 (see: Pennsylvania in the Civil War - 1st Pennsylvania Reserves, 2nd Pennsylvania Reserves, 6th Pennsylvania Reserves and 13th Pennsylvania Reserves)
  23. ^ a b c d Left front May 31, 1864 (see: Pennsylvania in the Civil War - 7th Pennsylvania Reserves, 5th Pennsylvania Reserves, 10th Pennsylvania Reserves and 12th Pennsylvania Reserves)
  24. ^ Transferred to Second Division June 2, 1864
  25. ^ Transferred to IX Corps on June 4, 1864 (see: Cutcheon's and Serviere's report)
  26. ^ a b Ordered home for muster-out June 4, 1864
  27. ^ Assumed command June 2, 1864 and wounded June 3, 1864
  28. ^ Assumed command May 31, 1864
  29. ^ a b 1st and 2nd Companies Michigan Sharpshooters attached
  30. ^ a b 9th and 10th Companies Ohio Sharpshooters attached
  31. ^ a b The two Horse Artillery brigades were consolidated under Captain Robertson on May 31, 1864 (see: Hunt's report; Official Records, Series I, Volume XXXVI, Part 3, page 377)
  32. ^ a b c d Sent to the Department of Washington on May 31, 1864 (see: Hunt's report)
  33. ^ a b Chief of Artillery to the whole Army
  34. ^ On June 1, 1864 the XVIII Corps was placed under Meade's command (see: Official Records, Series I, Volume XXXVI, Part 3, page 466)
  35. ^ a b c d e f g h Temporarily attached from X Corps
  36. ^ a b Organized temporarily May 30, 1864, and consisted of troops previously known as the Second and Third Divisions of the Tenth Corps
  37. ^ Assigned June 4, 1864, Brigadier General Devens being relieved on account of ill-health
  38. ^ Assigned June 5, 1864
  39. ^ Joined June 5, 1864 (see: New York State Military Museum and Veterans Research Center - 10th Artillery Regiment)
  40. ^ Appointed Brigadier General June 9, 1864 with date of rank 12 May 1864 (see: John H. Eicher and David J. Eicher, Civil War High Commands, pages 389 and 725)
  41. ^ a b Assigned June 12, 1864
  42. ^ a b Assumed command June 7, 1864
  43. ^ Veterans and recruits transferred to 5th Michigan June 9, 1864
  44. ^ The Fifth Corps was reorganized on June 5, 1864 (see: Official Records, Series I, Volume XXXVI, Part 3, pages 613-614)
  45. ^ For Companies F and E, 5th New York as Provost Guard see: New York State Military Museum and Veterans Research Center - 5th Veteran Infantry Regiment
  46. ^ Was the Third brigade, Fourth Division, up to June 6, 1864
  47. ^ a b c Assigned June 6, 1864
  48. ^ a b Joined June 6, 1864
  49. ^ Ordered home for muster out June 9, 1864
  50. ^ Was First Brigade, First Division, up to June 6, 1864
  51. ^ Was Third Brigade, Second Division, up to June 6, 1864
  52. ^ Was First Brigade, Second Division, up to June 6, 1864
  53. ^ Transferred to Second Brigade June 11, 1864
  54. ^ Was Second Brigade, Second Division, up to June 6, 1864
  55. ^ Ordered home June 7, 1864
  56. ^ Assumed command June 6, 1864
  57. ^ Organized from veterans and recruits from the 1st, 7th, 9th, two companies of the 10th, 11th, 12th, and 13th Reserve regiments (see: Pennsylvania in the Civil War - 190th Regiment)
  58. ^ Organized from veterans and recruits from the 2nd, 5th, 6th, 8th, and 10th Reserve regiments (see: Pennsylvania in the Civil War - 191st Regiment)
  59. ^ Relieved June 12, 1864 (see: Official Records, Series I, Volume XXXVI, Part 3, page 758)
  60. ^ Relieved at his own request June 9, 1864 (see: Burnside's report; Itinerary First Division, Ninth Army Corps; John H. Eicher and David J. Eicher, Civil War High Commands, page 191)
  61. ^ a b Assigned June 9, 1864
  62. ^ a b Transferred to the First Brigade, Second Division, Fifth Corps, June 10, 1864
  63. ^ Joined June 11, 1864
  64. ^ Designated Third Brigade June 11, 1864
  65. ^ Transferred to First Brigade, Second Division, June 9, 1864(see: Itinerary First Division, Ninth Army Corps)
  66. ^ Transferred to Second Brigade, Third Division, June 9, 1864 (see: Itinerary First Division, Ninth Army Corps)
  67. ^ Joined June 6, 1864 (see: Itinerary First Division, Ninth Army Corps)
  68. ^ Joined June 10, 1864
  69. ^ Major General Sheridan with the 6th United States, the First and Second Division, and Batteries H and I (consolidated), 1st United States, Batteries B and L (consolidated), Battery D and Battery M, 2nd United States under Captain Robertson from the Horse Artillery Brigade detached on a Raid on June 7, 1864 which culminated in the Battle of Trevilian Station (see: Eric J. Wittenberg, Glory Enough For All: Sheridan's Second Raid and the Battle of Trevilian Station, pages 37 and 331-332)
  70. ^ Joined June 9, 1864 (see: Chapman's report)
  71. ^ Temporarily attached to the Army of the Potomac
  72. ^ Relieved June 9, 1864
  73. ^ In command until June 9, 1864 (see: John H. Eicher and David J. Eicher, Civil War High Commands, page 271)

See also

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References

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  • Eicher, John H., and David J. Eicher. Civil War High Commands. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2001. ISBN 0-8047-3641-3.
  • Rhea, Gordon C. Cold Harbor: Grant and Lee May 26-June 3, 1864. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2002. ISBN 0-8071-2803-1
  • U.S. War Department, The War of the Rebellion: a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies, U.S. Government Printing Office, 1880–1901.
  • Wittenberg, Eric J. Glory Enough For All: Sheridan's Second Raid and the Battle of Trevilian Station. Washington, DC: Brassey's, Inc, 2001. ISBN 978-0-8032-5967-6