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'{{italic title}} {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2018}} {{other uses|Bread (disambiguation)}} {{copy edit|for=having too many [[WP:REDLINKS]] for subjects and topics that may not be notable per Wikipedia's standards of notability.|date=September 2018}} [[File:Bread_(1986_film).png|thumb|DVD cover]] '''''Bread''''' (Hebrew: '''לחם''', tr. ''Lehem'') is an 84-minute 1986 Israeli Hebrew-language [[Prix Italia]]-winning independent underground dramatic television art film directed by [[Ram Loevy]] and cowritten with {{ill|Gilad Evron|he|גלעד עברון}} and [[Meir Doron]]. ==Synopsis== The film tells follows Shlomo Elmaliach ({{ill|Rami Danon|he|רמי דנון}}), who loses his job at his town’s local bakery when it is forced to close. Rather than join the other unemployed protesters, Elmaliach locks himself in his own home and launches a very personal hunger strike. At first, people come to visit him at his home, and there is even a rumor that television reporters might show up (quickly dismissed by Elmaliach’s friend Zaguri, played by {{ill|Avner Dan|he|אבנר דן}}, “they only come when there is a ruckus”). Gradually, even Elmaliach’s own friends abandon him, and he ends up dragging his own family down with him. A son, Baruch ([[Moshe Ivgy]]), seeks radical solutions to poverty, while a daughter, Navah ([[Etti Ankri]], who also sings), who has escaped to Tel Aviv-Yafo to study, returns to her home and takes on a job on a production line, and Elmaliach’s wife, Mazal ({{ill|Rivka Bahar|he|רבקה בכר}}), takes on a job as a seamstress. At the end of the film, the factory is reopened as a result of all of the protests, however, by then it is too late for Shlomo Elmaliach. The film was produced by the [[Israel Broadcasting Authority]], was broadcast on [[Channel 1 (Israel)|Channel 1]], features music composed by [[Nahum Nardi]] to lyrics written by [[Nathan Alterman]] (plus the 1984 song ''[[I Just Called to Say I Love You]]'' by [[Stevie Wonder]]), and stars ''inter alia'' [[Shmil Ben Ari]], {{ill|Jonathan Cherchi|he|יונתן צ'רצ'י}}, {{ill|Rita Shukrun|he|ריטה שוקרון}}, and {{ill|Reuven Dayan|he|ראובן דיין}}.<ref name=Parkhomovsky>{{ill|Parkhomovsky, Marat|he|מרט פרחומובסקי}}. {{cite web|url=https://www.ictd.co.il/%D7%A8%D7%9D-%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%99/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%95%D7%AA|script-title=he:רם לוי|trans-title=Ram Loevy|date=20 February 2013|website=''{{ill|Israeli Cinema Testimonial Database|he|מאגר העדויות של הקולנוע הישראלי}}''|language=Hebrew|access-date=22 September 2018|publisher=Tel Aviv-Yafo and Jerusalem: [[Ministry of Culture and Sport (Israel)|Ministry of Culture and Sport]]’s Israel Film Council, {{ill|Israel Film Fund|he|קרן הקולנוע הישראלי}}, [[Mifal HaPayis]]’s {{ill|Mifal HaPais Council for the Culture and Arts|he|מועצת הפיס לתרבות ולאמנות}}, [[Jerusalem Cinematheque]], [[Tel Aviv Cinematheque]], {{ill|Scriptwriters Guild of Israel|he|איגוד התסריטאים}}, and {{ill|Israel Film and Television Directors Guild|he|איגודי הבמאים והתסריטאים בישראל}}}}</ref><ref name=Schenkar>{{cite AV media|last=Schenkar|first=Guilhad Emilio|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NKeCg3beIcY|script-title=he:'''חי בסרט''' – רם לוי|trans-title=Living in Films'' – Ram Loevy''|location=Jerusalem|publisher=[[Ministry of Education (Israel)|Ministry of Education]]’s [[Israeli Educational Television]]|language=Hebrew|accessdate=22 September 2018|date=25 February 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Kronish|first1=Amy W.|last2=Safirman|first2=Costel|date=May 2003|title=Israeli Film: A Reference Guide|url=https://www.abc-clio.com/product.aspx?pc=D1266C|location=Westport, Connecticut and London|publisher=[[ABC-CLIO]]’s [[Greenwood Publishing Group]] and Praeger Publishers|pages=40–41|isbn=9780313321443|series=Reference Guides to the World’s Cinema, Series Editor: Prof. Dr. Pierre L. Horn|oclc=845524002|accessdate=22 September 2018}}</ref><ref name=Ne’eman>{{ill|Ne’eman, Prof. Dr. Yehuda Judd|he|יהודה ג'אד נאמן}}. Israeli Cinema. In: {{cite book|last=Leaman|first=Prof. Dr. Oliver Norbert Harold, ed.|date=October 2001|title=Companion Encyclopedia of Middle Eastern and North African Film|url=https://www.routledge.com/Companion-Encyclopedia-of-Middle-Eastern-and-North-African-Film/Leaman/p/book/9781135002985|location=London and New York, New York|publisher=[[Informa]]’s [[Taylor & Francis]] and [[Routledge]]|pages=281, 285–286|isbn=9781134662517|accessdate=22 September 2018|author-link=Oliver Leaman|oclc=45466264}}</ref><ref>''Bread''. In: {{cite book|title=A Guide to Films Featured in the Jewish Film Festival|last1=Kaufman|first=Deborah|last2=Plotkin|first2=Janis|last3=Orenstein|first3=Rena, eds.|url=https://www.google.com/books?id=BdQqAQAAIAAJ|date=1991|publisher=Jewish Film Festival|location=Berkeley, California|access-date=24 September 2018|oclc=25527469|page=16}} Reprinted in: {{cite book|title=Independent Jewish Film: A Resource Guide|last1=Plotkin|first=Janis|last2=Libresco|first2=Caroline|last3=Feiger|first3=Josh, eds.|url=https://www.google.com/books?id=mPFkAAAAMAAJ|date=1996|publisher=[[San Francisco Jewish Film Festival]]|location=San Francisco, California|access-date=22 September 2018|oclc=36119531|page=49|isbn=9780965068802|edition=3rd.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Kronish|first=Amy W.|date=1996|title=World Cinema: Israel|url=https://www.google.com/books?id=L2hZAAAAMAAJ|location=Trowbridge and Cranbury, New Jersey|publisher=Flicks Books and Rosemont Publishing & Printing Corp.’s [[Associated University Presses]]|page=203|isbn=9780948911705|series=World Cinema, Volume 6, Series Editor: [[Frank Bren]]|oclc=568122092|accessdate=22 September 2018}}</ref><ref>{{ill|Pinto, Goel|he|גואל פינטו}}. {{cite news|script-title=he:רטרוספקטיווה לבמאי רם לוי לכבוד 20 שנה ל'''לחם'''|trans-title=A Retrospective in Honor of the Director Ram Loevy Honoring Twenty Years of ''Bread''|date=28 December 2015|url=https://www.haaretz.co.il/1.1070280|language=Hebrew|work=[[Haaretz]]|location=Tel Aviv-Yafo|access-date=22 September 2018|publisher=[[M. DuMont Schauberg]] and {{ill|Haaretz Group (Company)|ar|مجموعة هاآرتس|de|Haaretz-Gruppe|he|קבוצת הארץ|lt=Haaretz Group}}}}</ref><ref name=Levy>{{cite news|last=Levy|first=Maya|script-title=he:תוגת הישראליות|trans-title=The Melancholia of Israeliness|date=15 October 2009|url=https://atmag.co.il/%D7%AA%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%AA-%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A0%D7%90%D7%99/%D7%AA%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%95%D7%AA/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%92%D7%AA-%D7%94%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%95%D7%AA|language=Hebrew|work={{ill|At Magazine|he|את (כתב עת)}}|location=Petah Tikva and Tel Aviv-Yafo|access-date=22 September 2018|publisher=[[Steimatzky]]’s and {{ill|Yuval Sigler Communication Ltd.|he|יובל סיגלר}}’s [[Time Out (magazine)|Time Out]] Israel Ltd.’s ''{{ill|Time Out Tel Aviv (magazine)|lt=Time Out Tel Aviv|he|Time Out תל אביב}}''}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Offek|first1=Assa|last2=Kedar|first2=Eran|date=24 September 2012|script-title=he:מחלקים דיוידנדים: חשבון הנפש שלכם מול המסך|trans-title=Disseminating Dividends: Your Moral Reckoning ''vis-à-vis'' the Screen|url=https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-4284925,00.html|language=Hebrew|work=[[Yedioth Ahronoth]]''’s'' ''[[Ynet]]''|location=Rishon LeZion|access-date=22 September 2018|publisher=Yedioth Ahronoth Group}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Ziv|first=Nevo|date=15 December 2015|script-title=he:בקול רם|trans-title=In a Mighty Voice|url=https://www.yediot.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-4739654,00.html|language=Hebrew|work=Yedioth Ahronoth''’s'' ''Ynet''|location=Rishon LeZion|access-date=22 September 2018|publisher=Yedioth Ahronoth Group}}</ref><ref name=Gross>{{ill|Gross, Natan|he|נתן גרוס|pl|Natan Gross}}. {{cite book|date=1991|script-title=he:'''הסרט העברי – פרקים בתולדות הראינוע והקולנוע בישראל: 1896–1991'''|trans-title=The Hebrew Film – Chapters in the Annals of Silent and Sound Cinema in Israel: 1896–1991|pages=454, 462, 464|location=Jerusalem|language=Hebrew|publisher=Natan and {{ill|Yaacov Gross|he|יעקב גרוס|}}|oclc=27221790|url=https://google.com/books?id=muosAAAAIAAJ|accessdate=23 September 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|script-title=''Bread'' – A Television Drama|date=1987|url=https://google.com/books?id=m1UsAQAAIAAJ|work={{ill|New Outlook|he}}'', Volume 30''|location=Tel Aviv-Yafo|access-date=23 September 2018|publisher=Tatzpiot Ltd. and [[Mapam]]|page=46}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|script-title=''Bread''|date=September 1995|url=https://google.com/books?id=2e8qAQAAIAAJ|work={{ill|Fischer Film Almanach 1995: Filme, Festivals, Tendenzen, mit TV- und Video-Erstaufführungen|de|Fischer Film Almanach}}|location=Stuttgart und Frankfurt am Main|access-date=23 September 2018|oclc=832650440|isbn=9783596127627|publisher=[[Holtzbrinck Publishing Group]]s [[S. Fischer Verlag]], S. 66|series=Fischer Cinema, Lektorat: Ingeborg Mues|language=German|last1=Schäfer|first1=Horst|last2=Schobert|first2=Walter, Hrsg.}}</ref> ===''The Bride and the Butterfly Hunter''=== This 44-minute 1974 film (Hebrew: '''הכלה וצייד הפרפרים''', tr. ''HaKala VeTzayad HaParparim'') is a quirky, surrealistic film version of the 1966 play ''{{ill|The Bride and the Butterfly Hunter|he|הכלה וצייד הפרפרים}}'' written by [[Nisim Aloni]] about a bride, Mee ([[Gila Almagor]]), who flees her own wedding and a clerk, Gets ([[Yossi Banai]]), who flees his humdrum existence by escaping to the park every Wednesday afternoon in order to hunt—and release—butterflies. The encounter between the two takes place in a park, where political propaganda is being broadcast over a loudspeaker system. Though this is not integral to the story, it indicates that even in the most whimsical encounters it is impossible to escape the overbearing presence of political forces exploiting the conflicts in Israel for their own advantage. It features a score composed by [[Shem Tov Levi]] and paintings drawn by [[Yosl Bergner]] and stars ''inter alia'' {{ill|Yossi Pollak|he|יוסי פולק}}, {{ill|Lia Dultzkaya|he|ליה דוליצקיה}}, {{ill|Alexander Peleg|he|אלכס פלג}}, and {{ill|Yoram Arbel|he|יורם ארבל}}.<ref name=Parkhomovsky/><ref name=Levy/> ===''Hirbet Hizah''=== [[File:Khirbet Khize cast.jpg|thumb|250px|The ''Hirbet Hizah'' cast from left to right: {{ill|Amos Tal-Shir|he|עמוס טלשיר}}, Itzik Aloni, {{ill|Dalik Wollinitz|he|דליק ווליניץ}}, [[Gidi Gov]], Avi Luzia, {{ill|Shraga Harpaz|he|שרגא הרפז}}, and Avraham Sidi]] This 48-minute 1978 film (Hebrew: '''חירבת־חיזעה'''), a dramatization of the 1949 novella ''[[Khirbet Khizeh]]'' written by [[S. Yizhar]] with a budget of 700,000 Israeli pounds and a script penned by {{ill|Daniella Carmi|de|Daniella Carmi|fr|Daniella Carmi|he|דניאלה כרמי}}, tells of how Israeli soldiers have expelled the Arab inhabitants of the fictional village of Hirbet Hizah from their homes towards the end of Israel’s War of Independence. It stars ''inter alia'' {{ill|Zvi Borodo|he|צבי בורודו}} and was edited by {{ill|Tova Ascher|he|טובה אשר}}.<ref name=Parkhomovsky/><ref name=Schenkar/><ref name=Ne’eman/><ref name=Levy/><ref name=Gross/><ref>{{ill|Oz Almog (sociologist)|lt=Almog, Prof. Dr. Oz|he|עוז אלמוג}} {{cite book|date=2004|script-title=he:'''פרידה משרוליק: שינוי ערכים באליטה הישראלית'''|trans-title=Farewell to “Srulik:” Changing Values Among the Israeli Elite|volume=I|page=215|location=Haifa and Or Yehuda|language=Hebrew|publisher=[[University of Haifa]]’s {{ill|Haifa University Press|he|הוצאת הספרים של אוניברסיטת חיפה}} and [[Kinneret Zmora-Bitan Dvir]]|isbn=9789653110519|oclc=56795640|url=http://www.kinbooks.co.il/page_7950|accessdate=22 September 2018}}</ref><ref>{{ill|Ben-Ari, Prof. Dr. Nitsa|he|ניצה בן-ארי}}. {{cite news|script-title=he:'''חירבת־חיזעה''': גלגולו של הסרט שהסעיר את ישראל|trans-title=''Hirbet Hizah'': The Development of the Film That Has Shocked Israel|date=22 December 2017|url=http://www.maariv.co.il/culture/tv/Article-614577|language=Hebrew|work=[[Maariv (newspaper)|Maariv]]|location=Tel Aviv-Yafo|access-date=22 September 2018|publisher=Jerusalem Post Group’s ''[[The Jerusalem Post]]''}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Bar-On|first=Yaacov|script-title=he:רם לוי: ״ספק אם היום היו נותנים לי ליצור סרט פוליטי כמו '''חירבת־חיזעה'''״|trans-title=Ram Loevy: I Doubt If Today I Would Have Been Allowed to Create a Film as Political as ''Hirbet Hizah''|date=15 July 2018|url=http://www.maariv.co.il/culture/movies/Article-651396|language=Hebrew|work=Maariv|location=Tel Aviv-Yafo|access-date=22 September 2018|publisher=Jerusalem Post Group’s ''The Jerusalem Post''}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Oren|first=Prof. Dr. Tasha G.|date=June 2004|title=Demon in the Box: Jews, Arabs, Politics, and Culture in the Making of Israeli Television|url=https://www.rutgersuniversitypress.org/demon-in-the-box/9780813566726|location=New Brunswick, New Jersey and London|publisher=[[Rutgers University]]’s [[Rutgers University Press]]|pages=156–191|isbn=9780813534206|oclc=56823175|accessdate=24 September 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|date=Autumn 2000|script-title=''Hirbet Hizah'': Between Remembrance and Forgetting|last=Shapira|first=Prof. Dr. Anita|authorlink=Anita Shapira|url=https://www.press.umich.edu/pdf/9780472115419-ch4.pdf|work=Jewish Social Studies'', New Series, Volume 7, Number 1''|pages=1–62|location=Bloomington, Indiana|publisher=[[Indiana University Bloomington]]’s [[Indiana University Press]]|access-date=24 September 2018}} Reprinted in: {{cite book|last=Morris|first=Prof. Dr. Benny, ed.|authorlink=Benny Morris|date=November 2007|title=Making Israel|url=https://www.press.umich.edu/227747|location=Ann Arbor, Michigan|publisher=[[University of Michigan]]’s [[University of Michigan Library]]’s [[University of Michigan Press]]|pages=81–123|isbn=978047203216-7|oclc=824101161|accessdate=24 September 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Piterberg|first1=Prof. Dr. Gabriel|date=May 2008|title=The Returns of Zionism: Myths, Politics and Scholarship in Israel|url=https://www.versobooks.com/books/327-the-returns-of-zionism|location=London and New York, New York|publisher=''[[New Left Review]]''’s [[Verso Books]]|pages=225–226|isbn=9781844672608|oclc=804384727|accessdate=24 September 2018}}</ref><ref>Munk, Dr. Yael. From National Heroes to Postnational Witnesses: A Reconstruction of Israeli Soldiers’ Cinematic Narratives as Witnesses of History. In: {{cite book|last1=Harris|first1=Prof. Dr. Rachel S.|last2=Omer-Sherman|first2=Prof. Dr. Ranen, eds.|date=December 2012|title=Narratives of Dissent: War in Contemporary Israeli Arts and Culture|url=https://www.wsupress.wayne.edu/books/detail/narratives-dissent|location=Detroit, Michigan|publisher=[[Wayne State University]]’s [[Wayne State University Press]]|pages=300–316|isbn=9780814338049|oclc=830022830|accessdate=25 September 2018}}</ref><ref>{{ill|Bitzor, Yehoshua|he|יהושע ביצור}}. {{cite news|last1=Waxman|first1=Yosef|last2=Levav|first2=Amos|script-title=he:בג״ץ ידון בעתירה נגד השר המר על שעיכב הקרנת '''חירבת־חיזעה''' בטלוויזיה אמש|trans-title=Supreme Court to Deal With an Appeal Against Minister Hammer on Account of Having Postponed the Screening of ''Hirbet Hizah'' on Television Yesterday|date=7 February 1978|url=http://jpress.org.il/Olive/APA/NLI_Heb/SharedView.Article.aspx?parm=mm6%2BmZbRVrWkrI5Pagoe82IkeTOpo%2FWe0RLnlz1aznlQGrHNF0Xdxp%2FJ9Q5731FGYw%3D%3D|language=Hebrew|work=Maariv|location=Tel Aviv-Yafo|access-date=27 September 2018|publisher=Jerusalem Post Group’s ''The Jerusalem Post''}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|script-title=he:אין לערער על עקרון חופש היצירה האמנותית|trans-title=The Principle of Artistic Freedom of Speech Should Not Be Tampered With|date=23 February 1978|url=http://jpress.org.il/Olive/APA/NLI_Heb/SharedView.Article.aspx?parm=mm6%2BmZbRVrWkrI5Pagoe80XJPm%2FyKq7tFXydEQdXYAgvejoZJFF0jHtnGK8sM5O6Yw%3D%3D|language=Hebrew|work=Maariv|location=Tel Aviv-Yafo|access-date=27 September 2018|publisher=Jerusalem Post Group’s ''The Jerusalem Post''}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Levav|first=Amos|script-title=he:נשיא בית־המשפט העליון: ״המר נכנס לאותה מלכודת לתוכה נכנסה גולדה מאיר״|trans-title=Supreme Court President: Hammer Has Entered Into the Same Trap Into Which Golda Meir Has Entered|date=10 February 1978|url=http://jpress.org.il/Olive/APA/NLI_Heb/SharedView.Article.aspx?parm=mm6%2BmZbRVrWkrI5Pagoe83mnwwbURPegdX6Xa53PyA%2FBEz4E8nCSFqZwUhY7K2NYYw%3D%3D|language=Hebrew|work=Maariv|location=Tel Aviv-Yafo|access-date=27 September 2018|publisher=Jerusalem Post Group’s ''The Jerusalem Post''}}</ref> The film was first aired on 13 February 1978. ===''Indian in the Sun''=== This 60-minute 1981 film (Hebrew: '''אינדיאני בשמש''', tr. ''Indiani BaShemesh''), based on a short story penned by the Israeli journalist and author [[Adam Baruch]] and cowritten with {{ill|Dita Guery|he|דיתה גרי}} and {{ill|Michael Lev-Tov|he|מיכאל לב-טוב}}, revolves around Laufer ({{ill|Doron Nesher|he|דורון נשר}}), an Israeli soldier from the wealthy suburbs of northern Tel Aviv-Yafo, who is ordered to accompany another soldier (Haim Garfi), known only as “the Indian,” to prison. “The Indian” was a dark-skinned Cochin Jew and a moshavnik and the film highlights the patronizing attitudes that Laufer has to his charge. Over time, however, and as the driver, Atias (Moshe Ivgy), watches, the two realize that they share a common enemy in the Establishment, and Laufer even offers to help the Indian escape. All the while, the driver watches in trepidation as two extremes of the Israeli social spectrum find that they have more in common than they thought, and begin to forge an alliance between them. The film, which has won the [[Kinor David]] for the best Israeli television production of the year, was edited by Tova Ascher and stars ''inter alia'' {{ill|Liron Nirgad|he|לירון נירגד}}, Rami Danon, and {{ill|Albert Iluz|he|אלברט אילוז}}.<ref name=Parkhomovsky/><ref name=Levy/><ref>{{cite news|last=Harlap|first=Dr. Itay|script-title=he:טעויות בשמש: קריאה בדרמת הטלוויזיה '''אינדיאני בשמש'''|trans-title=Mistakes in the Sun: Reading the Television Drama ''Indian in the Sun''|date=2017|url=https://library.osu.edu/projects/hebrew-lexicon/99995-files/99995095/99995095-017/99995095-017-319-339.pdf|language=Hebrew|work=Mikan: Journal for Literary Studies'', Volume 17''|location=Beersheba|access-date=22 September 2018|publisher={{ill|Heksherim Research Institute for Jewish and Israeli Literature and Culture|he|מכון הקשרים}}, The Department of Hebrew Literature, The Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, [[Ben-Gurion University of the Negev]]|pages=319–339}}</ref><ref>{{ill|Yudilovitch, Merav|he|מרב יודילוביץ'}}. {{cite news|date=9 July 2009|script-title=he:מארז די.וי.די לסרטיו של רם לוי|trans-title=A Ram Loevy Films DVD Boxset|url=https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-3744243,00.html|language=Hebrew|work=Yedioth Ahronoth''’s'' ''Ynet''|location=Rishon LeZion|access-date=22 September 2018|publisher=Yedioth Ahronoth Group}}</ref> ===''Crowned''=== This 70-minute 1989 film (Hebrew: '''כתר בראש''', tr. ''Keter BaRosh'', literally “A Crown on the Head”), based on a play authored by the author [[Yaakov Shabtai]] (the script was cowritten with [[Ephraim Sidon]]), is an intense comedy-drama based on the final days of the Biblical King [[David]] ({{ill|Avner Hizkiyahu|he|אבנר חזקיהו|id}}). As his life approaches its end, he faces the most difficult task of his forty-year reign—giving up his crown to the next generation. Or, perhaps, he might even find a way to keep the crown for himself. The fact that this film was aired when Israel was itself forty years old was not lost on its audience. The film features a soundtrack scored by {{ill|Shlomo Israeli|he|שלמה ישראלי (מוזיקולוג)}} and stars ''inter alia'' {{ill|Rami Barukh|he|רמי ברוך|ro}}, {{ill|Arnon Zadok|he|ארנון צדוק}}, {{ill|Tchia Danon|he|תחיה דנון}}, {{ill|Dov Reiser|he|דב רייזר}}, [[Jacques Cohen (actor)|Jacques Cohen]], {{ill|Yossi Ashdot|he|יוסי אשדות}}, {{ill|Rony Blitz|he|רוני בליץ}}, {{ill|Yaacov Cohen(actor)|lt=Yaacov Cohen|he|יעקב כהן (שחקן)}}, {{ill|Erez Shafrir|he|ארז שפריר}}, and {{ill|Eran Ben-Ze’ev|he|ערן בן זאב}}.<ref name=Parkhomovsky/><ref name=Levy/><ref name=Gross/> ==Reception== The journalist {{ill|Uri Klein|he|אורי קליין}} has compared the film to the works of [[Alain Resnais]], [[Chris Marker]], [[Agnès Varda]], and [[Michelangelo Antonioni]] and has opined that it “is still very powerful, and it seems as relevant today as it was on the day it was first aired.”<ref>{{cite news|date=8 August 2009|script-title=Not By ''Bread'' Alone|last=Klein|first=Uri|url=https://www.haaretz.com/1.5087321|work=Haaretz|location=Tel Aviv-Yafo|publisher=M. DuMont Schauberg and Haaretz Group|access-date=22 September 2018}} Hebrew original: {{cite news|date=30 July 2009|script-title=לא על '''לחם''' לבדו|trans-title=Not By ''Bread'' Alone|last=Klein|first=Uri|url=https://www.haaretz.co.il/1.3340140|work=Haaretz|location=Tel Aviv-Yafo|publisher=M. DuMont Schauberg and Haaretz Group|access-date=23 September 2018|language=Hebrew}}</ref> All five films were released in Israel as part of a DVD boxset in 2009.<ref>{{cite AV media|script-title=he:5 סרטים של רם לוי|trans-title=''5 Films By Ram Loevy''|people=Loevy, Ram|location=Ramat HaSharon and Jerusalem|publisher=[[NMC Music]]’s Globus United King Films and Israel Broadcast Authority|language=Hebrew|format=DVD|date=2009|accessdate=22 September 2018|url=http://www.third-ear.com/Title/50531|OCLC=664665925}} Reported in: {{cite news|script-title=he:חדש בדי.וי.די: מארז סרטיו של רם לוי|trans-title=New on DVD: A Ram Loevy Films Boxset|date=14 July 2009|url=https://www.makorrishon.co.il/nrg/online/47/ART1/916/528.html|language=Hebrew|work=Maariv|location=Tel Aviv-Yafo|access-date=22 September 2018|publisher=Jerusalem Post Group’s ''The Jerusalem Post''}} {{cite news|last=Schiff|first=Einav|script-title=he:מארז מהודר לסרטיו של הבמאי רם לוי|trans-title=An Exclusive Boxset of the Films By the Director Ram Loevy|date=13 July 2009|url=https://e.walla.co.il/item/1519062|language=Hebrew|work={{ill|Walla! NEWS|he|וואלה! NEWS}}|location=Tel Aviv-Yafo and Petah Tikva|access-date=22 September 2018|publisher={{ill|Bezeq International Ltd.|he|בזק בינלאומי|ru|Безек Бейнлеуми}}’s [[Walla!]]}} {{cite news|last=Tessler|first=Yitzhak|script-title=he:שמאל טוק|trans-title=Leftist Talk|date=9 September 2009|url=https://www.makorrishon.co.il/nrg/online/47/ART1/939/676.html|language=Hebrew|work=Maariv|location=Tel Aviv-Yafo|access-date=22 September 2018|publisher=Jerusalem Post Group’s ''The Jerusalem Post''}} {{ill|Nuriel, Yehuda|he|יהודה נוריאל}}. {{cite news|last=Offek|first=Assa|date=13 August 2009|script-title=he:רם ונישא|trans-title=High and Mighty|url=http://www.third-ear.com/Article/962|language=Hebrew|publisher={{ill|Third Ear DVDs|he|האוזן השלישית}}|location=Tel Aviv-Yafo|access-date=22 September 2018}}</ref> ==References== {{reflist}} ==External links== *{{IMDb title|id=0093400}} *{{IMDb title|id=5497830|title=The Bride and the Butterfly Hunter}} *{{IMDb title|id=0151202|title=Hirbet Hizah}} *{{IMDb title|id=0148329|title=Indian in the Sun}} *{{AllMovie title|lehem-v512855|title=Bread}} *{{AllMovie title|khirbat-khize-v623059|title=Hirbet Hizah}} *{{AllMovie title|indian-in-the-sun-v513070|title=Indian in the Sun}} *{{Rotten Tomatoes|id=indiani_bashemesh|title=Indian in the Sun}} *{{YouTube|ZPDQ2VqAB4s|''Bread'' is available for free download}} ([[Israeli Public Broadcasting Corporation]] Channel) {{he icon}} *{{YouTube|gPVEsIaDczM|''The Bride and the Butterfly Hunter'' is available for free download}} (Israeli Public Broadcasting Corporation Channel) {{he icon}} *{{YouTube|hC0SbZdhGlU|''Indian in the Sun'' is available for free download}} (Israeli Public Broadcasting Corporation Channel) {{he icon}} *{{YouTube|rl_AlmrDHks|''Crowned'' is available for free download}} (Israeli Public Broadcasting Corporation Channel) {{he icon}} [[Category:1970s drama films]] [[Category:1970s historical films]] [[Category:1970s independent films]] [[Category:1974 television films]] [[Category:1978 television films]] [[Category:1980s comedy-drama films]] [[Category:1980s historical films]] [[Category:1980s independent films]] [[Category:1980s prison films]] [[Category:1981 television films]] [[Category:1986 drama films]] [[Category:1986 television films]] [[Category:1989 television films]] [[Category:Art films]] [[Category:Comedy-drama television films]] [[Category:Cultural depictions of David]] [[Category:Films about dysfunctional families]] [[Category:Films about education]] [[Category:Films about food and drink]] [[Category:Films about friendship]] [[Category:Films about insects]] [[Category:Films about labor relations]] [[Category:Films about old age]] [[Category:Films about poverty]] [[Category:Films about royalty]] [[Category:Films about siblings]] [[Category:Films about social class]] [[Category:Films about television people]] [[Category:Films about the 1948 Palestinian exodus]] [[Category:Films about the labor movement]] [[Category:Films about weddings]] [[Category:Films based on Israeli novels]] [[Category:Films based on plays]] [[Category:Films based on the Hebrew Bible]] [[Category:Films by Israeli directors]] [[Category:Films set in fictional populated places]] [[Category:Films shot in Israel]] [[Category:Hebrew-language films]] [[Category:Israeli comedy films]] [[Category:Israeli drama films]] [[Category:Israeli films]] [[Category:Israeli historical films]] [[Category:Israeli independent films]] [[Category:Israeli television shows]] [[Category:Propaganda in fiction]] [[Category:Race and ethnicity in television]] [[Category:Surrealist films]] [[Category:Television programs based on novels]] [[Category:Television programs based on plays]] [[Category:Television programs based on the Bible]] [[Category:Television shows set in Israel]]'
New page wikitext, after the edit (new_wikitext)
'{{italic title}} {{Use dmy dates|date=September 2018}} {{other uses|Bread (disambiguation)}} [[File:Bread_(1986_film).png|thumb|DVD cover]] '''''Bread''''' (Hebrew: '''לחם''', tr. ''Lehem'') is an 84-minute 1986 Israeli Hebrew-language [[Prix Italia]]-winning independent underground dramatic television art film directed by [[Ram Loevy]] and cowritten with {{ill|Gilad Evron|he|גלעד עברון}} and [[Meir Doron]]. ==Synopsis== The film tells follows Shlomo Elmaliach ({{ill|Rami Danon|he|רמי דנון}}), who loses his job at his town’s local bakery when it is forced to close. Rather than join the other unemployed protesters, Elmaliach locks himself in his own home and launches a very personal hunger strike. At first, people come to visit him at his home, and there is even a rumor that television reporters might show up (quickly dismissed by Elmaliach’s friend Zaguri, played by {{ill|Avner Dan|he|אבנר דן}}, “they only come when there is a ruckus”). Gradually, even Elmaliach’s own friends abandon him, and he ends up dragging his own family down with him. A son, Baruch ([[Moshe Ivgy]]), seeks radical solutions to poverty, while a daughter, Navah ([[Etti Ankri]], who also sings), who has escaped to Tel Aviv-Yafo to study, returns to her home and takes on a job on a production line, and Elmaliach’s wife, Mazal ({{ill|Rivka Bahar|he|רבקה בכר}}), takes on a job as a seamstress. At the end of the film, the factory is reopened as a result of all of the protests, however, by then it is too late for Shlomo Elmaliach. The film was produced by the [[Israel Broadcasting Authority]], was broadcast on [[Channel 1 (Israel)|Channel 1]], features music composed by [[Nahum Nardi]] to lyrics written by [[Nathan Alterman]] (plus the 1984 song ''[[I Just Called to Say I Love You]]'' by [[Stevie Wonder]]), and stars ''inter alia'' [[Shmil Ben Ari]], {{ill|Jonathan Cherchi|he|יונתן צ'רצ'י}}, {{ill|Rita Shukrun|he|ריטה שוקרון}}, and {{ill|Reuven Dayan|he|ראובן דיין}}.<ref name=Parkhomovsky>{{ill|Parkhomovsky, Marat|he|מרט פרחומובסקי}}. {{cite web|url=https://www.ictd.co.il/%D7%A8%D7%9D-%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%99/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%95%D7%AA|script-title=he:רם לוי|trans-title=Ram Loevy|date=20 February 2013|website=''{{ill|Israeli Cinema Testimonial Database|he|מאגר העדויות של הקולנוע הישראלי}}''|language=Hebrew|access-date=22 September 2018|publisher=Tel Aviv-Yafo and Jerusalem: [[Ministry of Culture and Sport (Israel)|Ministry of Culture and Sport]]’s Israel Film Council, {{ill|Israel Film Fund|he|קרן הקולנוע הישראלי}}, [[Mifal HaPayis]]’s {{ill|Mifal HaPais Council for the Culture and Arts|he|מועצת הפיס לתרבות ולאמנות}}, [[Jerusalem Cinematheque]], [[Tel Aviv Cinematheque]], {{ill|Scriptwriters Guild of Israel|he|איגוד התסריטאים}}, and {{ill|Israel Film and Television Directors Guild|he|איגודי הבמאים והתסריטאים בישראל}}}}</ref><ref name=Schenkar>{{cite AV media|last=Schenkar|first=Guilhad Emilio|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NKeCg3beIcY|script-title=he:'''חי בסרט''' – רם לוי|trans-title=Living in Films'' – Ram Loevy''|location=Jerusalem|publisher=[[Ministry of Education (Israel)|Ministry of Education]]’s [[Israeli Educational Television]]|language=Hebrew|accessdate=22 September 2018|date=25 February 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Kronish|first1=Amy W.|last2=Safirman|first2=Costel|date=May 2003|title=Israeli Film: A Reference Guide|url=https://www.abc-clio.com/product.aspx?pc=D1266C|location=Westport, Connecticut and London|publisher=[[ABC-CLIO]]’s [[Greenwood Publishing Group]] and Praeger Publishers|pages=40–41|isbn=9780313321443|series=Reference Guides to the World’s Cinema, Series Editor: Prof. Dr. Pierre L. Horn|oclc=845524002|accessdate=22 September 2018}}</ref><ref name=Ne’eman>{{ill|Ne’eman, Prof. Dr. Yehuda Judd|he|יהודה ג'אד נאמן}}. Israeli Cinema. In: {{cite book|last=Leaman|first=Prof. Dr. Oliver Norbert Harold, ed.|date=October 2001|title=Companion Encyclopedia of Middle Eastern and North African Film|url=https://www.routledge.com/Companion-Encyclopedia-of-Middle-Eastern-and-North-African-Film/Leaman/p/book/9781135002985|location=London and New York, New York|publisher=[[Informa]]’s [[Taylor & Francis]] and [[Routledge]]|pages=281, 285–286|isbn=9781134662517|accessdate=22 September 2018|author-link=Oliver Leaman|oclc=45466264}}</ref><ref>''Bread''. In: {{cite book|title=A Guide to Films Featured in the Jewish Film Festival|last1=Kaufman|first=Deborah|last2=Plotkin|first2=Janis|last3=Orenstein|first3=Rena, eds.|url=https://www.google.com/books?id=BdQqAQAAIAAJ|date=1991|publisher=Jewish Film Festival|location=Berkeley, California|access-date=24 September 2018|oclc=25527469|page=16}} Reprinted in: {{cite book|title=Independent Jewish Film: A Resource Guide|last1=Plotkin|first=Janis|last2=Libresco|first2=Caroline|last3=Feiger|first3=Josh, eds.|url=https://www.google.com/books?id=mPFkAAAAMAAJ|date=1996|publisher=[[San Francisco Jewish Film Festival]]|location=San Francisco, California|access-date=22 September 2018|oclc=36119531|page=49|isbn=9780965068802|edition=3rd.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Kronish|first=Amy W.|date=1996|title=World Cinema: Israel|url=https://www.google.com/books?id=L2hZAAAAMAAJ|location=Trowbridge and Cranbury, New Jersey|publisher=Flicks Books and Rosemont Publishing & Printing Corp.’s [[Associated University Presses]]|page=203|isbn=9780948911705|series=World Cinema, Volume 6, Series Editor: [[Frank Bren]]|oclc=568122092|accessdate=22 September 2018}}</ref><ref>{{ill|Pinto, Goel|he|גואל פינטו}}. {{cite news|script-title=he:רטרוספקטיווה לבמאי רם לוי לכבוד 20 שנה ל'''לחם'''|trans-title=A Retrospective in Honor of the Director Ram Loevy Honoring Twenty Years of ''Bread''|date=28 December 2015|url=https://www.haaretz.co.il/1.1070280|language=Hebrew|work=[[Haaretz]]|location=Tel Aviv-Yafo|access-date=22 September 2018|publisher=[[M. DuMont Schauberg]] and {{ill|Haaretz Group (Company)|ar|مجموعة هاآرتس|de|Haaretz-Gruppe|he|קבוצת הארץ|lt=Haaretz Group}}}}</ref><ref name=Levy>{{cite news|last=Levy|first=Maya|script-title=he:תוגת הישראליות|trans-title=The Melancholia of Israeliness|date=15 October 2009|url=https://atmag.co.il/%D7%AA%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%AA-%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A0%D7%90%D7%99/%D7%AA%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%95%D7%AA/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%92%D7%AA-%D7%94%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%95%D7%AA|language=Hebrew|work={{ill|At Magazine|he|את (כתב עת)}}|location=Petah Tikva and Tel Aviv-Yafo|access-date=22 September 2018|publisher=[[Steimatzky]]’s and {{ill|Yuval Sigler Communication Ltd.|he|יובל סיגלר}}’s [[Time Out (magazine)|Time Out]] Israel Ltd.’s ''{{ill|Time Out Tel Aviv (magazine)|lt=Time Out Tel Aviv|he|Time Out תל אביב}}''}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Offek|first1=Assa|last2=Kedar|first2=Eran|date=24 September 2012|script-title=he:מחלקים דיוידנדים: חשבון הנפש שלכם מול המסך|trans-title=Disseminating Dividends: Your Moral Reckoning ''vis-à-vis'' the Screen|url=https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-4284925,00.html|language=Hebrew|work=[[Yedioth Ahronoth]]''’s'' ''[[Ynet]]''|location=Rishon LeZion|access-date=22 September 2018|publisher=Yedioth Ahronoth Group}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Ziv|first=Nevo|date=15 December 2015|script-title=he:בקול רם|trans-title=In a Mighty Voice|url=https://www.yediot.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-4739654,00.html|language=Hebrew|work=Yedioth Ahronoth''’s'' ''Ynet''|location=Rishon LeZion|access-date=22 September 2018|publisher=Yedioth Ahronoth Group}}</ref><ref name=Gross>{{ill|Gross, Natan|he|נתן גרוס|pl|Natan Gross}}. {{cite book|date=1991|script-title=he:'''הסרט העברי – פרקים בתולדות הראינוע והקולנוע בישראל: 1896–1991'''|trans-title=The Hebrew Film – Chapters in the Annals of Silent and Sound Cinema in Israel: 1896–1991|pages=454, 462, 464|location=Jerusalem|language=Hebrew|publisher=Natan and {{ill|Yaacov Gross|he|יעקב גרוס|}}|oclc=27221790|url=https://google.com/books?id=muosAAAAIAAJ|accessdate=23 September 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|script-title=''Bread'' – A Television Drama|date=1987|url=https://google.com/books?id=m1UsAQAAIAAJ|work={{ill|New Outlook|he}}'', Volume 30''|location=Tel Aviv-Yafo|access-date=23 September 2018|publisher=Tatzpiot Ltd. and [[Mapam]]|page=46}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|script-title=''Bread''|date=September 1995|url=https://google.com/books?id=2e8qAQAAIAAJ|work={{ill|Fischer Film Almanach 1995: Filme, Festivals, Tendenzen, mit TV- und Video-Erstaufführungen|de|Fischer Film Almanach}}|location=Stuttgart und Frankfurt am Main|access-date=23 September 2018|oclc=832650440|isbn=9783596127627|publisher=[[Holtzbrinck Publishing Group]]s [[S. Fischer Verlag]], S. 66|series=Fischer Cinema, Lektorat: Ingeborg Mues|language=German|last1=Schäfer|first1=Horst|last2=Schobert|first2=Walter, Hrsg.}}</ref> ===''The Bride and the Butterfly Hunter''=== This 44-minute 1974 film (Hebrew: '''הכלה וצייד הפרפרים''', tr. ''HaKala VeTzayad HaParparim'') is a quirky, surrealistic film version of the 1966 play ''{{ill|The Bride and the Butterfly Hunter|he|הכלה וצייד הפרפרים}}'' written by [[Nisim Aloni]] about a bride, Mee ([[Gila Almagor]]), who flees her own wedding and a clerk, Gets ([[Yossi Banai]]), who flees his humdrum existence by escaping to the park every Wednesday afternoon in order to hunt—and release—butterflies. The encounter between the two takes place in a park, where political propaganda is being broadcast over a loudspeaker system. Though this is not integral to the story, it indicates that even in the most whimsical encounters it is impossible to escape the overbearing presence of political forces exploiting the conflicts in Israel for their own advantage. It features a score composed by [[Shem Tov Levi]] and paintings drawn by [[Yosl Bergner]] and stars ''inter alia'' {{ill|Yossi Pollak|he|יוסי פולק}}, {{ill|Lia Dultzkaya|he|ליה דוליצקיה}}, {{ill|Alexander Peleg|he|אלכס פלג}}, and {{ill|Yoram Arbel|he|יורם ארבל}}.<ref name=Parkhomovsky/><ref name=Levy/> ===''Hirbet Hizah''=== [[File:Khirbet Khize cast.jpg|thumb|250px|The ''Hirbet Hizah'' cast from left to right: {{ill|Amos Tal-Shir|he|עמוס טלשיר}}, Itzik Aloni, {{ill|Dalik Wollinitz|he|דליק ווליניץ}}, [[Gidi Gov]], Avi Luzia, {{ill|Shraga Harpaz|he|שרגא הרפז}}, and Avraham Sidi]] This 48-minute 1978 film (Hebrew: '''חירבת־חיזעה'''), a dramatization of the 1949 novella ''[[Khirbet Khizeh]]'' written by [[S. Yizhar]] with a budget of 700,000 Israeli pounds and a script penned by {{ill|Daniella Carmi|de|Daniella Carmi|fr|Daniella Carmi|he|דניאלה כרמי}}, tells of how Israeli soldiers have expelled the Arab inhabitants of the fictional village of Hirbet Hizah from their homes towards the end of Israel’s War of Independence. It stars ''inter alia'' {{ill|Zvi Borodo|he|צבי בורודו}} and was edited by {{ill|Tova Ascher|he|טובה אשר}}.<ref name=Parkhomovsky/><ref name=Schenkar/><ref name=Ne’eman/><ref name=Levy/><ref name=Gross/><ref>{{ill|Oz Almog (sociologist)|lt=Almog, Prof. Dr. Oz|he|עוז אלמוג}} {{cite book|date=2004|script-title=he:'''פרידה משרוליק: שינוי ערכים באליטה הישראלית'''|trans-title=Farewell to “Srulik:” Changing Values Among the Israeli Elite|volume=I|page=215|location=Haifa and Or Yehuda|language=Hebrew|publisher=[[University of Haifa]]’s {{ill|Haifa University Press|he|הוצאת הספרים של אוניברסיטת חיפה}} and [[Kinneret Zmora-Bitan Dvir]]|isbn=9789653110519|oclc=56795640|url=http://www.kinbooks.co.il/page_7950|accessdate=22 September 2018}}</ref><ref>{{ill|Ben-Ari, Prof. Dr. Nitsa|he|ניצה בן-ארי}}. {{cite news|script-title=he:'''חירבת־חיזעה''': גלגולו של הסרט שהסעיר את ישראל|trans-title=''Hirbet Hizah'': The Development of the Film That Has Shocked Israel|date=22 December 2017|url=http://www.maariv.co.il/culture/tv/Article-614577|language=Hebrew|work=[[Maariv (newspaper)|Maariv]]|location=Tel Aviv-Yafo|access-date=22 September 2018|publisher=Jerusalem Post Group’s ''[[The Jerusalem Post]]''}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Bar-On|first=Yaacov|script-title=he:רם לוי: ״ספק אם היום היו נותנים לי ליצור סרט פוליטי כמו '''חירבת־חיזעה'''״|trans-title=Ram Loevy: I Doubt If Today I Would Have Been Allowed to Create a Film as Political as ''Hirbet Hizah''|date=15 July 2018|url=http://www.maariv.co.il/culture/movies/Article-651396|language=Hebrew|work=Maariv|location=Tel Aviv-Yafo|access-date=22 September 2018|publisher=Jerusalem Post Group’s ''The Jerusalem Post''}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Oren|first=Prof. Dr. Tasha G.|date=June 2004|title=Demon in the Box: Jews, Arabs, Politics, and Culture in the Making of Israeli Television|url=https://www.rutgersuniversitypress.org/demon-in-the-box/9780813566726|location=New Brunswick, New Jersey and London|publisher=[[Rutgers University]]’s [[Rutgers University Press]]|pages=156–191|isbn=9780813534206|oclc=56823175|accessdate=24 September 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|date=Autumn 2000|script-title=''Hirbet Hizah'': Between Remembrance and Forgetting|last=Shapira|first=Prof. Dr. Anita|authorlink=Anita Shapira|url=https://www.press.umich.edu/pdf/9780472115419-ch4.pdf|work=Jewish Social Studies'', New Series, Volume 7, Number 1''|pages=1–62|location=Bloomington, Indiana|publisher=[[Indiana University Bloomington]]’s [[Indiana University Press]]|access-date=24 September 2018}} Reprinted in: {{cite book|last=Morris|first=Prof. Dr. Benny, ed.|authorlink=Benny Morris|date=November 2007|title=Making Israel|url=https://www.press.umich.edu/227747|location=Ann Arbor, Michigan|publisher=[[University of Michigan]]’s [[University of Michigan Library]]’s [[University of Michigan Press]]|pages=81–123|isbn=978047203216-7|oclc=824101161|accessdate=24 September 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Piterberg|first1=Prof. Dr. Gabriel|date=May 2008|title=The Returns of Zionism: Myths, Politics and Scholarship in Israel|url=https://www.versobooks.com/books/327-the-returns-of-zionism|location=London and New York, New York|publisher=''[[New Left Review]]''’s [[Verso Books]]|pages=225–226|isbn=9781844672608|oclc=804384727|accessdate=24 September 2018}}</ref><ref>Munk, Dr. Yael. From National Heroes to Postnational Witnesses: A Reconstruction of Israeli Soldiers’ Cinematic Narratives as Witnesses of History. In: {{cite book|last1=Harris|first1=Prof. Dr. Rachel S.|last2=Omer-Sherman|first2=Prof. Dr. Ranen, eds.|date=December 2012|title=Narratives of Dissent: War in Contemporary Israeli Arts and Culture|url=https://www.wsupress.wayne.edu/books/detail/narratives-dissent|location=Detroit, Michigan|publisher=[[Wayne State University]]’s [[Wayne State University Press]]|pages=300–316|isbn=9780814338049|oclc=830022830|accessdate=25 September 2018}}</ref><ref>{{ill|Bitzor, Yehoshua|he|יהושע ביצור}}. {{cite news|last1=Waxman|first1=Yosef|last2=Levav|first2=Amos|script-title=he:בג״ץ ידון בעתירה נגד השר המר על שעיכב הקרנת '''חירבת־חיזעה''' בטלוויזיה אמש|trans-title=Supreme Court to Deal With an Appeal Against Minister Hammer on Account of Having Postponed the Screening of ''Hirbet Hizah'' on Television Yesterday|date=7 February 1978|url=http://jpress.org.il/Olive/APA/NLI_Heb/SharedView.Article.aspx?parm=mm6%2BmZbRVrWkrI5Pagoe82IkeTOpo%2FWe0RLnlz1aznlQGrHNF0Xdxp%2FJ9Q5731FGYw%3D%3D|language=Hebrew|work=Maariv|location=Tel Aviv-Yafo|access-date=27 September 2018|publisher=Jerusalem Post Group’s ''The Jerusalem Post''}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|script-title=he:אין לערער על עקרון חופש היצירה האמנותית|trans-title=The Principle of Artistic Freedom of Speech Should Not Be Tampered With|date=23 February 1978|url=http://jpress.org.il/Olive/APA/NLI_Heb/SharedView.Article.aspx?parm=mm6%2BmZbRVrWkrI5Pagoe80XJPm%2FyKq7tFXydEQdXYAgvejoZJFF0jHtnGK8sM5O6Yw%3D%3D|language=Hebrew|work=Maariv|location=Tel Aviv-Yafo|access-date=27 September 2018|publisher=Jerusalem Post Group’s ''The Jerusalem Post''}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Levav|first=Amos|script-title=he:נשיא בית־המשפט העליון: ״המר נכנס לאותה מלכודת לתוכה נכנסה גולדה מאיר״|trans-title=Supreme Court President: Hammer Has Entered Into the Same Trap Into Which Golda Meir Has Entered|date=10 February 1978|url=http://jpress.org.il/Olive/APA/NLI_Heb/SharedView.Article.aspx?parm=mm6%2BmZbRVrWkrI5Pagoe83mnwwbURPegdX6Xa53PyA%2FBEz4E8nCSFqZwUhY7K2NYYw%3D%3D|language=Hebrew|work=Maariv|location=Tel Aviv-Yafo|access-date=27 September 2018|publisher=Jerusalem Post Group’s ''The Jerusalem Post''}}</ref> The film was first aired on 13 February 1978. ===''Indian in the Sun''=== This 60-minute 1981 film (Hebrew: '''אינדיאני בשמש''', tr. ''Indiani BaShemesh''), based on a short story penned by the Israeli journalist and author [[Adam Baruch]] and cowritten with {{ill|Dita Guery|he|דיתה גרי}} and {{ill|Michael Lev-Tov|he|מיכאל לב-טוב}}, revolves around Laufer ({{ill|Doron Nesher|he|דורון נשר}}), an Israeli soldier from the wealthy suburbs of northern Tel Aviv-Yafo, who is ordered to accompany another soldier (Haim Garfi), known only as “the Indian,” to prison. “The Indian” was a dark-skinned Cochin Jew and a moshavnik and the film highlights the patronizing attitudes that Laufer has to his charge. Over time, however, and as the driver, Atias (Moshe Ivgy), watches, the two realize that they share a common enemy in the Establishment, and Laufer even offers to help the Indian escape. All the while, the driver watches in trepidation as two extremes of the Israeli social spectrum find that they have more in common than they thought, and begin to forge an alliance between them. The film, which has won the [[Kinor David]] for the best Israeli television production of the year, was edited by Tova Ascher and stars ''inter alia'' {{ill|Liron Nirgad|he|לירון נירגד}}, Rami Danon, and {{ill|Albert Iluz|he|אלברט אילוז}}.<ref name=Parkhomovsky/><ref name=Levy/><ref>{{cite news|last=Harlap|first=Dr. Itay|script-title=he:טעויות בשמש: קריאה בדרמת הטלוויזיה '''אינדיאני בשמש'''|trans-title=Mistakes in the Sun: Reading the Television Drama ''Indian in the Sun''|date=2017|url=https://library.osu.edu/projects/hebrew-lexicon/99995-files/99995095/99995095-017/99995095-017-319-339.pdf|language=Hebrew|work=Mikan: Journal for Literary Studies'', Volume 17''|location=Beersheba|access-date=22 September 2018|publisher={{ill|Heksherim Research Institute for Jewish and Israeli Literature and Culture|he|מכון הקשרים}}, The Department of Hebrew Literature, The Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, [[Ben-Gurion University of the Negev]]|pages=319–339}}</ref><ref>{{ill|Yudilovitch, Merav|he|מרב יודילוביץ'}}. {{cite news|date=9 July 2009|script-title=he:מארז די.וי.די לסרטיו של רם לוי|trans-title=A Ram Loevy Films DVD Boxset|url=https://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-3744243,00.html|language=Hebrew|work=Yedioth Ahronoth''’s'' ''Ynet''|location=Rishon LeZion|access-date=22 September 2018|publisher=Yedioth Ahronoth Group}}</ref> ===''Crowned''=== This 70-minute 1989 film (Hebrew: '''כתר בראש''', tr. ''Keter BaRosh'', literally “A Crown on the Head”), based on a play authored by the author [[Yaakov Shabtai]] (the script was cowritten with [[Ephraim Sidon]]), is an intense comedy-drama based on the final days of the Biblical King [[David]] ({{ill|Avner Hizkiyahu|he|אבנר חזקיהו|id}}). As his life approaches its end, he faces the most difficult task of his forty-year reign—giving up his crown to the next generation. Or, perhaps, he might even find a way to keep the crown for himself. The fact that this film was aired when Israel was itself forty years old was not lost on its audience. The film features a soundtrack scored by {{ill|Shlomo Israeli|he|שלמה ישראלי (מוזיקולוג)}} and stars ''inter alia'' {{ill|Rami Barukh|he|רמי ברוך|ro}}, {{ill|Arnon Zadok|he|ארנון צדוק}}, {{ill|Tchia Danon|he|תחיה דנון}}, {{ill|Dov Reiser|he|דב רייזר}}, [[Jacques Cohen (actor)|Jacques Cohen]], {{ill|Yossi Ashdot|he|יוסי אשדות}}, {{ill|Rony Blitz|he|רוני בליץ}}, {{ill|Yaacov Cohen(actor)|lt=Yaacov Cohen|he|יעקב כהן (שחקן)}}, {{ill|Erez Shafrir|he|ארז שפריר}}, and {{ill|Eran Ben-Ze’ev|he|ערן בן זאב}}.<ref name=Parkhomovsky/><ref name=Levy/><ref name=Gross/> ==Reception== The journalist {{ill|Uri Klein|he|אורי קליין}} has compared the film to the works of [[Alain Resnais]], [[Chris Marker]], [[Agnès Varda]], and [[Michelangelo Antonioni]] and has opined that it “is still very powerful, and it seems as relevant today as it was on the day it was first aired.”<ref>{{cite news|date=8 August 2009|script-title=Not By ''Bread'' Alone|last=Klein|first=Uri|url=https://www.haaretz.com/1.5087321|work=Haaretz|location=Tel Aviv-Yafo|publisher=M. DuMont Schauberg and Haaretz Group|access-date=22 September 2018}} Hebrew original: {{cite news|date=30 July 2009|script-title=לא על '''לחם''' לבדו|trans-title=Not By ''Bread'' Alone|last=Klein|first=Uri|url=https://www.haaretz.co.il/1.3340140|work=Haaretz|location=Tel Aviv-Yafo|publisher=M. DuMont Schauberg and Haaretz Group|access-date=23 September 2018|language=Hebrew}}</ref> All five films were released in Israel as part of a limited edition DVD boxset in 2009.<ref>{{cite AV media|script-title=he:5 סרטים של רם לוי|trans-title=''5 Films By Ram Loevy''|people=Loevy, Ram|location=Ramat HaSharon and Jerusalem|publisher=[[NMC Music]]’s Globus United King Films and Israel Broadcast Authority|language=Hebrew|format=DVD|date=2009|accessdate=22 September 2018|url=http://www.third-ear.com/Title/50531|OCLC=664665925}} Reported in: {{cite news|script-title=he:חדש בדי.וי.די: מארז סרטיו של רם לוי|trans-title=New on DVD: A Ram Loevy Films Boxset|date=14 July 2009|url=https://www.makorrishon.co.il/nrg/online/47/ART1/916/528.html|language=Hebrew|work=Maariv|location=Tel Aviv-Yafo|access-date=22 September 2018|publisher=Jerusalem Post Group’s ''The Jerusalem Post''}} {{cite news|last=Schiff|first=Einav|script-title=he:מארז מהודר לסרטיו של הבמאי רם לוי|trans-title=An Exclusive Boxset of the Films By the Director Ram Loevy|date=13 July 2009|url=https://e.walla.co.il/item/1519062|language=Hebrew|work={{ill|Walla! NEWS|he|וואלה! NEWS}}|location=Tel Aviv-Yafo and Petah Tikva|access-date=22 September 2018|publisher={{ill|Bezeq International Ltd.|he|בזק בינלאומי|ru|Безек Бейнлеуми}}’s [[Walla!]]}} {{cite news|last=Tessler|first=Yitzhak|script-title=he:שמאל טוק|trans-title=Leftist Talk|date=9 September 2009|url=https://www.makorrishon.co.il/nrg/online/47/ART1/939/676.html|language=Hebrew|work=Maariv|location=Tel Aviv-Yafo|access-date=22 September 2018|publisher=Jerusalem Post Group’s ''The Jerusalem Post''}} {{ill|Nuriel, Yehuda|he|יהודה נוריאל}}. {{cite news|last=Offek|first=Assa|date=13 August 2009|script-title=he:רם ונישא|trans-title=High and Mighty|url=http://www.third-ear.com/Article/962|language=Hebrew|publisher={{ill|Third Ear DVDs|he|האוזן השלישית}}|location=Tel Aviv-Yafo|access-date=22 September 2018}}</ref> ==References== {{reflist}} ==External links== *{{IMDb title|id=0093400}} *{{IMDb title|id=5497830|title=The Bride and the Butterfly Hunter}} *{{IMDb title|id=0151202|title=Hirbet Hizah}} *{{IMDb title|id=0148329|title=Indian in the Sun}} *{{AllMovie title|lehem-v512855|title=Bread}} *{{AllMovie title|khirbat-khize-v623059|title=Hirbet Hizah}} *{{AllMovie title|indian-in-the-sun-v513070|title=Indian in the Sun}} *{{Rotten Tomatoes|id=indiani_bashemesh|title=Indian in the Sun}} *{{YouTube|ZPDQ2VqAB4s|''Bread'' is available for free download}} ([[Israeli Public Broadcasting Corporation]] Channel) {{he icon}} *{{YouTube|gPVEsIaDczM|''The Bride and the Butterfly Hunter'' is available for free download}} (Israeli Public Broadcasting Corporation Channel) {{he icon}} *{{YouTube|Eie1a9_gobg|''Hirbet Hizah'' is available for free download}} (Israeli Public Broadcasting Corporation Channel) {{he icon}} *{{YouTube|hC0SbZdhGlU|''Indian in the Sun'' is available for free download}} (Israeli Public Broadcasting Corporation Channel) {{he icon}} *{{YouTube|rl_AlmrDHks|''Crowned'' is available for free download}} (Israeli Public Broadcasting Corporation Channel) {{he icon}} [[Category:1970s avant-garde and experimental films]] [[Category:1970s drama films]] [[Category:1970s historical films]] [[Category:1970s independent films]] [[Category:1974 television films]] [[Category:1978 television films]] [[Category:1980s comedy-drama films]] [[Category:1980s historical films]] [[Category:1980s independent films]] [[Category:1980s prison films]] [[Category:1981 television films]] [[Category:1986 drama films]] [[Category:1986 television films]] [[Category:1989 television films]] [[Category:Art films]] [[Category:Comedy-drama television films]] [[Category:Cultural depictions of David]] [[Category:Father and son films]] [[Category:Films about dysfunctional families]] [[Category:Films about education]] [[Category:Films about food and drink]] [[Category:Films about friendship]] [[Category:Films about insects]] [[Category:Films about labor relations]] [[Category:Films about old age]] [[Category:Films about poverty]] [[Category:Films about prejudice]] [[Category:Films about racism]] [[Category:Films about royalty]] [[Category:Films about siblings]] [[Category:Films about social class]] [[Category:Films about television people]] [[Category:Films about the 1948 Palestinian exodus]] [[Category:Films about the Israel Defense Forces]] [[Category:Films about the labor movement]] [[Category:Films about weddings]] [[Category:Films based on Israeli novels]] [[Category:Films based on plays]] [[Category:Films based on short fiction]] [[Category:Films based on the Hebrew Bible]] [[Category:Films by Israeli directors]] [[Category:Films set in fictional populated places]] [[Category:Films shot in Israel]] [[Category:Films shot in the State of Palestine]] [[Category:Hebrew-language films]] [[Category:Israeli avant-garde and experimental films]] [[Category:Israeli comedy films]] [[Category:Israeli drama films]] [[Category:Israeli films]] [[Category:Israeli historical films]] [[Category:Israeli independent films]] [[Category:Israeli television shows]] [[Category:Military in fiction]] [[Category:Poverty in fiction]] [[Category:Poverty in television]] [[Category:Propaganda in fiction]] [[Category:Racism in television]] [[Category:Surrealist films]] [[Category:Television programs based on novels]] [[Category:Television programs based on plays]] [[Category:Television programs based on short fiction]] [[Category:Television programs based on the Bible]] [[Category:Television shows set in Israel]] [[Category:Unemployment in fiction]] [[Category:Works about classism]]'
Whether or not the change was made through a Tor exit node (tor_exit_node)
false
Unix timestamp of change (timestamp)
1538163727