Examine individual changes

'{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2011}} {{Year dab|1199|the labor union|1199SEIU United Healthcare Workers East }} {{Year nav|1199}} {{C12 year in topic}}[[File:Europe 1199ad political map.png|thumb|Political map of Europe in 1199, showing major Germanic and Islamic countries.]]Year '''1199''' ('''[[Roman numerals|MCXCIX]]''') was a [[common year starting on Friday]] (link will display the full calendar) of the [[Julian calendar]]. == Events == <onlyinclude> * [[January 13]] &ndash; A short-lived truce is declared, between [[Kingdom of England|England]] and [[Kingdom of France|France]].<ref name=CBH>{{cite book|last=Palmer|first=Alan|last2=Palmer|first2=Veronica|year=1992|title=The Chronology of British History|publisher=Century Ltd|location=London|pages=73–75|isbn=0-7126-5616-2}}</ref> * [[March 25]] &ndash; King [[Richard I of England]] is shot in the left shoulder with a [[crossbow]], by French boy [[Pierre Basile]], at the siege of the castle of [[Châlus]] in France.<ref name="Cassell's Chronology">{{cite book|last=Williams|first=Hywel|title=Cassell's Chronology of World History|url=https://archive.org/details/cassellschronolo0000will/page/129|url-access=registration|location=London|publisher=Weidenfeld & Nicolson|year=2005|isbn=0-304-35730-8|pages=[https://archive.org/details/cassellschronolo0000will/page/129 129–131]}}</ref> The war between the kingdoms of [[Kingdom of England|England]] and [[France in the Middle Ages|France]] has become so brutal, that [[Hugh of Lincoln]] is warned that "nothing now is safe, neither the city to dwell in nor the highway for travel".<ref>''King John'' by Warren. Published by University of California Press in 1961. p. 63</ref> * [[April 6]] &ndash; King [[Richard I of England]] dies from [[gangrene]], caused by his crossbow wound. His younger brother, [[John, King of England|John]], becomes king of England. Richard's jewels are left to his nephew, [[Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor|Otto]], King of the Romans.<ref>{{cite book|title=King John|first=Lewis|last=Warren|publisher=University of California Press|year=1961|page=48}}</ref> As a result of Richard's death, French soldier [[Mercadier]] has Pierre Basile [[Flaying|flayed]] alive and [[Hanging|hanged]]. * King [[Philip II of France]] renews his war against [[John, King of England]], supporting the rival claim to the English throne of [[Arthur I, Duke of Brittany]].<ref name=CBH/> * [[St Laurence's Church, Ludlow]], in England is rebuilt. </onlyinclude> == Births == *[[April 17]] - [[Marie, Countess of Ponthieu]] (d. [[1250]]) *''probable'' **[[Isobel of Huntingdon]], Scottish noble, daughter of [[David of Scotland, Earl of Huntingdon]] (d. [[1252]]) **[[Joan, Countess of Flanders]] (d. [[1244]]) *''possible'' - King [[Guttorm of Norway]] (d. [[1204]]) == Deaths == * [[January 23]] &ndash; [[Abu Yusuf Yaqub al-Mansur]], Almohad Caliph (b. [[1160]]) * [[February 9]] &ndash; [[Minamoto no Yoritomo]], Japanese [[List of shōguns|shōgun]] (b. [[1147]]) * [[February 13]] &ndash; [[Stefan Nemanja]], Serbian [[Grand Prince]] and founder of [[Nemanjić]] dynasty (b. [[1113]])<ref>{{cite book|author=A. P. Vlasto|title=The Entry of the Slavs Into Christendom: An Introduction to the Medieval History of the Slavs|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fpVOAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA219|date=2 October 1970|publisher=CUP Archive|isbn=978-0-521-07459-9|pages=219}}</ref> * [[March 17]] &ndash; [[Jocelin of Glasgow]], Scottish bishop<ref>{{cite book|author=S. D. Church|title=King John: New Interpretations|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vAoGEJF-DJEC&pg=PA18|year=2003|publisher=Boydell & Brewer Ltd|isbn=978-0-85115-947-8|pages=18}}</ref> * [[April 6]] &ndash; [[Richard I of England|Richard the Lionheart]], King of England (of wound) (b. [[1157]])<ref>{{cite book|author1=Mrs. Markham|author2=Eliza Robbins|title=A History of England from the first Invasion by the Romans to the 14th year of the Reign of Queen Victoria|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JCNXAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA101|year=1854|pages=101–}}</ref> * [[September 4]] &ndash; [[Joan of England, Queen of Sicily]], married to [[William II of Sicily]] (b. [[1165]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Edmund Lodge|title=The Peerage, Baronetage, Knightage & Companionage of the British Empire for 1907|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Jl1HAQAAMAAJ|year=1907|publisher=Kelly's Directories|page=93}}</ref> == References == {{Reflist}} {{DEFAULTSORT:1199}} [[Category:1199| ]]'