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Old page wikitext, before the edit (old_wikitext ) | '{{Short description|2021 crewed orbital flight}}
{{Use American English|date=April 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2021}}
{{Infobox spaceflight
| name = SpaceX Crew-3
| names_list = USCV-3
| image = SpaceX Crew-3 Launch (NHQ202111100024).jpg
| image_caption = Falcon 9 and ''Endurance'' launch from LC-39A with the SpaceX Crew-3 crew members aboard.
| image_size = 300px
| mission_type = ISS crew transport
| operator = [[SpaceX]]
| COSPAR_ID = 2021-103A
| SATCAT = 49407
| website =
| mission_duration = 166 days (planned)<br/>{{time interval|11 November 2021 02:03:31|show=dh}} ''(in progress)''
| spacecraft = {{ComV|Dragon 2|Endurance}}
| spacecraft_type = [[SpaceX Dragon 2|Crew Dragon]]
| manufacturer = SpaceX
| launch_mass = <!--{{cvt|12519|kg}}{{cn|date=November 2021 - Mass from Crew Drogon Demo-2}}-->
| landing_mass = <!--{{cvt|9616|kg}}{{cn|date=November 2021 - Mass from Crew Drogon Demo-2 }}-->
| crew_size = 4
| crew_members = {{Ubl|[[Raja Chari]]|[[Thomas Marshburn]]|[[Matthias Maurer]]|[[Kayla Barron]]}}
| crew_expedition = [[Expedition 66]] / [[Expedition 67|67]]
| launch_date = 11 November 2021, 02:03:31 [[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]]
| launch_rocket = [[Falcon 9 Block 5]] ([[List of Falcon 9 first-stage boosters|B1067.2]])
| launch_site = [[Kennedy Space Center]], [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39A|LC-39A]]
| launch_contractor = [[SpaceX]]
| recovery_by =
| landing_date = Late April 2022 (planned)<ref name="NYTimesDocking"/>
| landing_site = [[Atlantic Ocean]]
| orbit_reference = [[Geocentric orbit]]
| orbit_regime = [[Low Earth orbit]]
| orbit_inclination = 51.66°
| apsis = gee
| docking = {{Infobox spaceflight/Dock
| docking_target = [[International Space Station]]
| docking_type = Dock
| docking_port = ''[[Harmony (ISS module)|Harmony]]'' forward
| docking_date = 11 November 2021, 23:32 UTC
| undocking_date = Late April 2022 (planned)<ref name="NYTimesDocking">{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/11/11/science/spacex-nasa-docking.html|url-access=limited|title=SpaceX Delivers NASA’s Crew-3 Astronauts to Space Station|newspaper=The New York Times|quote=They are to remain in orbit until April 2022|date=11 November 2021|access-date=12 November 2021}}</ref>
| time_docked = 164 days (planned)<br/>{{time interval|11 November 2021 23:32|show=dh}} ''(in progress)''
}}
| insignia = SpaceX Crew-3 logo.svg
| insignia_caption = SpaceX Crew-3 mission patch
| insignia_size = 200px
| crew_photo = SpaceX Crew-3 (official portrait).jpg
| crew_photo_caption = Chari, Marshburn, Maurer and Barron
| crew_photo_size = 300px
| programme = '''[[Commercial Crew Program]]'''
| previous_mission = [[SpaceX Crew-2]]
| next_mission = [[SpaceX Crew-4]]
| programme2 = '''[[SpaceX Dragon 2#Crew Dragon flights|Crew Dragon flights]]'''
| previous_mission2 = [[Inspiration4]]
| next_mission2 = [[Axiom Mission 1]]
}}
'''SpaceX Crew-3''' is the third operational flight of a [[SpaceX Dragon 2|Crew Dragon]] spacecraft, and the fourth overall crewed orbital flight of the [[Commercial Crew Program]]. The mission successfully launched on 11 November 2021 at 02:03:31 [[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]] to the [[International Space Station]].<ref name="SFN20211111-2">{{cite web|url=https://spaceflightnow.com/2021/11/11/spacex-debuts-new-dragon-capsule-in-launch-to-the-international-space-station/|title=SpaceX debuts new Dragon capsule in launch to the International Space Station|publisher=Spaceflight Now|date=11 November 2021}}</ref>
The ''[[Crew Dragon Endurance|Endurance]]'' launch brought the total number of humans who have been to space to more than 600 with Maurer (600) and Barron (601).<ref name="NYTimesUpdates">{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/11/10/science/600-astronauts-space.html|url-access=limited|title=More than 600 human beings have now been to space|last=Roulette|first=Joey|newspaper=The New York Times |quote=They've tipped the number of people to have gone to space to over 600, according to a tally maintained by NASA|date=10 November 2021|access-date=11 November 2021}}</ref>
== Name ==
Crew Dragon capsules have been given names by their initial crews — ''[[Crew Dragon Endeavour|Endeavour]]'' for the first, and ''[[Crew Dragon Resilience|Resilience]]'' for the second. On 7 October 2021, it was announced that the third capsule will be called ''Endurance''.<ref>{{cite AV media|date=2 May 2021|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xztx8cHVZ98|title=NASA's SpaceX Crew1 Post-Splashdown Briefing |publisher=NASA Video|via=YouTube|access-date=2 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211010031444/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xztx8cHVZ98|archive-date=10 October 2021|url-status=live}} {{PD-notice}}</ref> The name honors the SpaceX and NASA teams that endured through a [[COVID-19 pandemic|pandemic]], building the spacecraft and training the astronauts who flew it.<ref>{{cite web|last=Wall |first=Mike|title=Meet "Endurance": New SpaceX Crew Dragon capsule gets a name|url=https://www.space.com/spacex-crew-dragon-capsule-named-endurance|publisher=Space.com|date=2021-10-07|access-date=2021-11-14}}</ref> The name also honors [[Endurance (1912 ship)|Endurance]], the ship used by [[Ernest Shackleton|Shackleton]]'s [[Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition]]. The three-masted vessel sank in 1915 after being bound in ice before reaching Antarctica.<ref name="SFN20211008">{{cite web|url=https://spaceflightnow.com/2021/10/08/astronauts-choose-endurance-as-name-for-new-spacex-crew-capsule/|title=Astronauts choose "Endurance" as name for new SpaceX crew capsule|publisher=Spaceflight Now|date=8 October 2021|access-date=8 October 2021}}</ref>
== Crew ==
German ESA astronaut [[Matthias Maurer]] was selected first for the mission in September 2020.<ref name="Inverse20201001"/><ref name="SF-Crew-3"/><ref name="Twitter20200908"/> NASA astronauts [[Raja Chari]] and [[Thomas Marshburn]] were added on 14 December 2020 to the crew.<ref name="Crew3Announcement"/><ref name="SFN20201229"/> The fourth seat was left open in anticipation that a Russian cosmonaut would take the seat, marking the beginning of a barter agreement that would see NASA and [[Roscosmos]] trade seats on the [[Soyuz (spacecraft)|Soyuz]] and Commercial Crew Vehicles, although in April 2021 then-acting NASA administration [[Steve Jurczyk]] said that this agreement would be unlikely to start until after Crew-3 had launched.<ref name="SFN20210424">{{cite web|last=Clark|first=Stephen|title=NASA chief: Russian cosmonauts unlikely fly on U.S. crew capsules until next year|url=https://spaceflightnow.com/2021/04/20/nasa-chief-russian-cosmonauts-unlikely-fly-on-u-s-crew-capsules-until-next-year/|publisher=Spaceflight Now|access-date=24 April 2021}}.</ref> The fourth seat was assigned to [[Kayla Barron]] in May 2021.<ref name="Barron">{{cite web|title=Kayla Barron Joins NASA's SpaceX Crew-3 Mission to Space Station|url=https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/kayla-barron-joins-nasa-s-spacex-crew-3-mission-to-space-station|publisher=NASA|date=17 May 2021|access-date=17 May 2021}} {{PD-notice}}</ref>
Chari is the first [[Rookie|rookie astronaut]] to command a NASA space mission since the [[Skylab 4]] crew blasted off to the [[Skylab]] space station in 1973. [[Gerald Carr (astronaut)|Gerald Carr]], who had not flown in space before, led a three-man crew on an 84-day flight on the Skylab.<ref name="SFN20211111">{{cite web|url=https://spaceflightnow.com/2021/11/10/raja-chari-is-the-first-rookie-astronaut-in-nearly-50-years-to-command-a-nasa-mission/|title=Raja Chari is the first rookie astronaut in 48 years to command a NASA mission|publisher=Spaceflight Now|date=10 November 2021|access-date=11 November 2021}}</ref> This is also the first spaceflight for Maurer and Barron.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2021/11/crew-3-launch/|title=SpaceX launches mostly-rookie Crew-3 mission to ISS |website=nasaspaceflight.com|publisher=NASASpaceFlight.com|access-date=11 November 2021}}</ref>
{{Spaceflight crew
| crew = prime
| terminology = Astronaut
| position1 = Spacecraft commander
| crew1_up = {{Flagicon|USA}} [[Raja Chari]]
| flights1_up = First
| agency1_up = [[NASA]]
| expedition1_up = [[Expedition 66]] / [[Expedition 67|67]]
| position2 = Pilot
| crew2_up = {{Flagicon|USA}} [[Thomas Marshburn]]
| flights2_up = Third
| agency2_up = [[NASA]]
| expedition2_up = [[Expedition 66]] / [[Expedition 67|67]]
| position3 = Mission specialist 1 <ref name="JSR799"/>
| crew3_up = {{Flagicon|GER}} [[Matthias Maurer]]
| flights3_up = First
| agency3_up = [[European Space Agency|ESA]]
| expedition3_up = [[Expedition 66]] / [[Expedition 67|67]]
| position4 = Mission specialist 2 <ref name="JSR799"/>
| crew4_up = {{Flagicon|USA}} [[Kayla Barron]]
| flights4_up = First
| agency4_up = [[NASA]]
| expedition4_up = [[Expedition 66]] / [[Expedition 67|67]]
| notes = References: <ref name="JSR799">{{cite web|url=https://www.planet4589.org/latest.html|title=JSR 799 draft|publisher=Jonathan's Space Report|date=10 November 2021|access-date=11 November 2021}}</ref><ref name="SN20201214">{{cite web|url=https://spacenews.com/nasa-assigns-astronauts-for-third-spacex-commercial-crew-mission/|title=NASA assigns astronauts for third SpaceX commercial crew mission|publisher=SpaceNews|date=14 December 2020|access-date=21 December 2020}}</ref><ref name="SF-Crew-3"/><ref name="Crew3Announcement"/><ref name="SFN20201229"/><ref name="Barron"/>
}}
{{Spaceflight crew
| crew = backup
| terminology = Astronaut
| position1 = Spacecraft commander
| crew1_up = {{Flagicon|USA}} [[Kjell N. Lindgren]]
| agency1_up = [[NASA]]
| position2 = Pilot
| crew2_up = {{Flagicon|USA}} [[Robert Hines (astronaut)|Robert Hines]]
| agency2_up = [[NASA]]
| position3 = Mission specialist 1
| crew3_up = {{Flagicon|Italy}} [[Samantha Cristoforetti]]
| agency3_up = [[European Space Agency|ESA]]
| position4 = Mission specialist 2
| crew4_up = {{Flagicon|USA}} [[Stephanie Wilson]]
| agency4_up = [[NASA]]
| notes = References: <ref>{{cite web|last1=Whiting|first1=Melanie|title=Kjell N. Lindgren (M.D.) NASA Astronaut|url=https://www.nasa.gov/astronauts/biographies/kjell-n-lindgren/biography|publisher=NASA|date=7 March 2016|access-date=7 May 2021}} {{PD-notice}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Robert Hines NASA Astronaut|url=https://www.nasa.gov/content/astronaut-candidate-bob-hines |publisher=NASA|date=26 April 2021|access-date=13 June 2021}} {{PD-notice}}</ref><ref>{{cite tweet|last=Marshburn|first=Thomas|user=AstroMarshburn|number=1403769065194274818|date=12 June 2021|title=Had a great week in Cologne, Germany, home of our crewmate @astro_matthias Our backup, @Astro_Stephanie joined us for our final training trip to the European Space Agency before we launch this fall! https://t.co/Zn8TaDn9NK|access-date=2 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211101131639/https://twitter.com/AstroMarshburn/status/1403769065194274818|archive-date=1 November 2021|url-status=live}}</ref>
}}
The first astronauts of this [[NASA Astronaut Group 22]] (nicknamed ''The Turtles'') to fly to space, Raja Chari and Kayla Barron on SpaceX Crew-3 took a [[Stuffed toy|stuffed]] turtle as zero-g indicator, to pay a tribute to their astronaut group.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/sciguyspace/status/1458620101784129547|title=SpaceX Crew-3|publisher=Twitter|access-date=11 November 2021}}</ref> Additionally, to include the other crew members on board, Matthias Maurer and Tom Marshburn, the turtle was named "Pfau", a German word meaning "Peacock" for Matthias Maurer who is German, and for Tom Marshburn who was part of [[NASA Astronaut Group 19]] (nicknamed ''The Peacocks'').<ref>{{cite web|title=Crew-3 Mission|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aknndyovSKs|access-date=12 November 2021}}</ref>
== Mission ==
[[File:SpaceX Crew-3 Dry Dress Rehearsal (KSC-20211028-PH SPX02 0012).jpg|thumb|upright=1.0|right|NASA's SpaceX Crew-3 astronauts participate in a countdown dress rehearsal at Kennedy Space Center in Florida on 28 October 2021, to prepare for the Crew-3 launch on 11 November 2021.]]
The third SpaceX operational mission in the [[Commercial Crew Program]] was originally scheduled to launch on 31 October 2021.<ref name="nasa-20211019">{{cite web|last=Sempsrott|first=Danielle |url=https://blogs.nasa.gov/commercialcrew/2021/10/19/nasa-spacex-adjust-next-crew-launch-date-to-space-station|title=NASA, SpaceX Adjust Next Crew Launch Date to Space Station|publisher=NASA|date=19 October 2021|access-date=20 October 2021}} {{PD-notice}}</ref> However, it was delayed to 3 November 2021 due to unfavorable weather in the Atlantic Ocean,<ref name="nasa-20211030">{{cite web|last=Sempsrott |first=Danielle|url=https://blogs.nasa.gov/commercialcrew/2021/10/30/nasa-spacex-adjust-next-space-station-crew-rotation-launch-date-2/|title=NASA, SpaceX Adjust Next Space Station Crew Rotation Launch Date |publisher=NASA|date=30 October 2021|access-date=30 October 2021}} {{PD-notice}}</ref> and then further delayed to 7 November 2021 due to a minor medical issue with one of the astronauts.<ref name="Weather">{{cite web|url=https://www.space.com/spacex-crew-3-launch-astronaut-medical-issue-delay|title=SpaceX's Crew-3 astronaut launch for NASA delayed by "minor medical issue"|publisher=Space.com|date=1 November 2021 |access-date=5 November 2021}}</ref> Due to expected bad weather, it was again delayed to 9 November 2021.<ref name="SFN20211104">{{cite web|url=https://spaceflightnow.com/2021/11/04/nasa-rules-out-weekend-crew-dragon-launch-may-bring-station-crew-home-first/|title=NASA rules out weekend Crew Dragon launch, may bring station crew home first|publisher=Spaceflight Now|date=4 November 2021|access-date=5 November 2021}}</ref>
Due to the launch delays, NASA decided to return the astronauts from Crew-2 before Crew-3 launched, thus being the first Crew Dragon indirect handover of space station crews.<ref name="APNEWS">{{cite web |url=https://apnews.com/article/space-exploration-science-business-weather-26ca18622d5779b79aeac5bc41392cbe?utm_source=Twitter&utm_medium=APHealthScience&utm_campaign=SocialFlow|title=SpaceX crew launch bumped to next week; astronaut on mend|agency=AP News|date=4 November 2021|access-date=5 November 2021}}</ref> SpaceX Crew-2 departed the station on 8 November 2021 and splashed down on 9 November 2021. SpaceX Crew-3 mission launched from Cape Canaveral on 11 November 2021 at 02:03:31 UTC.<ref name="NSF20211105">{{cite web|url=https://forum.nasaspaceflight.com/index.php?topic=51899.msg2307149;topicseen#new|title=Forum Crew-3|publisher=NASASpaceFlight.com|date=5 November 2021|access-date=6 November 2021}}</ref>
The European segment of the mission is called "Cosmic Kiss".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Human_and_Robotic_Exploration/ESA_astronaut_Matthias_Maurer_officially_assigned_first_flight|title=ESA astronaut Matthias Maurer officially assigned first flight |website=esa.int|publisher=ESA|date=14 December 2020|access-date=15 December 2020}}</ref>
== See also ==
* [[Crew Dragon C206|Dragon C206 ''Endeavour'']]
* [[Crew Dragon C207|Dragon C207 ''Resilience'']]
== References ==
{{Reflist|30em|refs=
<ref name="SF-Crew-3">{{cite web|url=http://www.spacefacts.de/mission/english/crew-3.htm|title=Spaceflight mission report: SpaceX Crew-3|publisher=Space Facts|first=Joachim Wilhelm Josef|last=Becker|date=13 November 2020|access-date=16 November 2020}}</ref>
<ref name="Inverse20201001">{{cite web|url=https://www.inverse.com/innovation/spacex-crew-dragon-nasa-flights|title=SpaceX and NASA Detail a Packed 12 months for Crew Dragon: What to Know|first=Mike|last=Brown |publisher=Inverse|date=1 October 2020|access-date=16 November 2020}}</ref>
<ref name="Twitter20200908">{{cite tweet|author=Crewed Spaceflight Tweets|user=MannedTweets|number=1303464156620873728|date=8 September 2020|title=BREAKING NEWS ‼ Michal Vaclavik, Czech representative at ESA: Now baked at ESA. It is clear that ESA astronaut Thomas Pesquet will fly on Crew-2, but we have now agreed that another ESA astronaut, Matthias Maurer, will fly to Crew-3 in September 2021. @ShuttleAlmanac https://t.co/lQ7LPYfaDp|access-date=2 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021055641/https://twitter.com/MannedTweets/status/1303464156620873728|archive-date=21 October 2021|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="Crew3Announcement">{{cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-esa-choose-astronauts-for-spacex-crew-3-mission-to-space-station|title=NASA, ESA Choose Astronauts for SpaceX Crew-3 Mission to Space Station|last=Potter|first=Sean|publisher=NASA|date=14 December 2020|access-date=14 December 2020}} {{PD-notice}}</ref>
<ref name="SFN20201229">{{cite web|url=https://spaceflightnow.com/2020/12/29/three-astronauts-assigned-to-crew-dragon-mission-in-late-2021/|title=Three astronauts assigned to Crew Dragon mission in late 2021 |last=Clark|first=Stephen|publisher=Spaceflight Now|date=29 December 2020|access-date=29 December 2020}}</ref>
}}
{{Manned ISS flights}}
{{Dragon spaceflights}}
{{Falcon rocket launches}}
{{Orbital launches in 2021}}
{{People currently in space}}
{{Portal bar|Spaceflight}}
[[Category:SpaceX Dragon 2]]
[[Category:Spacecraft launched in 2021]]
[[Category:SpaceX payloads contracted by NASA]]
[[Category:SpaceX human spaceflights]]
[[Category:2021 in the United States]]
[[Category:Fully civilian crewed orbital spaceflights]]' |
New page wikitext, after the edit (new_wikitext ) | '{{Short description|2021 crewed orbital flight}}
{{Use American English|date=April 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2021}}
{{Infobox spaceflight
| name = SpaceX Crew-3
| names_list = USCV-3
| image = SpaceX Crew-3 Launch (NHQ202111100024).jpg
| image_caption = Falcon 9 and ''Endurance'' launch from LC-39A with the SpaceX Crew-3 crew members aboard.
| image_size = 300px
JOE MAMA
| mission_type = ISS crew transport
| operator = [[SpaceX]]
| COSPAR_ID = 2021-103A
| SATCAT = 49407
| website =
| mission_duration = 166 days (planned)<br/>{{time interval|11 November 2021 02:03:31|show=dh}} ''(in progress)''
| spacecraft = {{ComV|Dragon 2|Endurance}}
| spacecraft_type = [[SpaceX Dragon 2|Crew Dragon]]
| manufacturer = SpaceX
| launch_mass = <!--{{cvt|12519|kg}}{{cn|date=November 2021 - Mass from Crew Drogon Demo-2}}-->
| landing_mass = <!--{{cvt|9616|kg}}{{cn|date=November 2021 - Mass from Crew Drogon Demo-2 }}-->
| crew_size = 4
| crew_members = {{Ubl|[[Raja Chari]]|[[Thomas Marshburn]]|[[Matthias Maurer]]|[[Kayla Barron]]}}
| crew_expedition = [[Expedition 66]] / [[Expedition 67|67]]
| launch_date = 11 November 2021, 02:03:31 [[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]]
| launch_rocket = [[Falcon 9 Block 5]] ([[List of Falcon 9 first-stage boosters|B1067.2]])
| launch_site = [[Kennedy Space Center]], [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39A|LC-39A]]
| launch_contractor = [[SpaceX]]
| recovery_by =
| landing_date = Late April 2022 (planned)<ref name="NYTimesDocking"/>
| landing_site = [[Atlantic Ocean]]
| orbit_reference = [[Geocentric orbit]]
| orbit_regime = [[Low Earth orbit]]
| orbit_inclination = 51.66°
| apsis = gee
| docking = {{Infobox spaceflight/Dock
| docking_target = [[International Space Station]]
| docking_type = Dock
| docking_port = ''[[Harmony (ISS module)|Harmony]]'' forward
| docking_date = 11 November 2021, 23:32 UTC
| undocking_date = Late April 2022 (planned)<ref name="NYTimesDocking">{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/11/11/science/spacex-nasa-docking.html|url-access=limited|title=SpaceX Delivers NASA’s Crew-3 Astronauts to Space Station|newspaper=The New York Times|quote=They are to remain in orbit until April 2022|date=11 November 2021|access-date=12 November 2021}}</ref>
| time_docked = 164 days (planned)<br/>{{time interval|11 November 2021 23:32|show=dh}} ''(in progress)''
}}
| insignia = SpaceX Crew-3 logo.svg
| insignia_caption = SpaceX Crew-3 mission patch
| insignia_size = 200px
| crew_photo = SpaceX Crew-3 (official portrait).jpg
| crew_photo_caption = Chari, Marshburn, Maurer and Barron
| crew_photo_size = 300px
| programme = '''[[Commercial Crew Program]]'''
| previous_mission = [[SpaceX Crew-2]]
| next_mission = [[SpaceX Crew-4]]
| programme2 = '''[[SpaceX Dragon 2#Crew Dragon flights|Crew Dragon flights]]'''
| previous_mission2 = [[Inspiration4]]
| next_mission2 = [[Axiom Mission 1]]
}}
'''SpaceX Crew-3''' is the third operational flight of a [[SpaceX Dragon 2|Crew Dragon]] spacecraft, and the fourth overall crewed orbital flight of the [[Commercial Crew Program]]. The mission successfully launched on 11 November 2021 at 02:03:31 [[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]] to the [[International Space Station]].<ref name="SFN20211111-2">{{cite web|url=https://spaceflightnow.com/2021/11/11/spacex-debuts-new-dragon-capsule-in-launch-to-the-international-space-station/|title=SpaceX debuts new Dragon capsule in launch to the International Space Station|publisher=Spaceflight Now|date=11 November 2021}}</ref>
The ''[[Crew Dragon Endurance|Endurance]]'' launch brought the total number of humans who have been to space to more than 600 with Maurer (600) and Barron (601).<ref name="NYTimesUpdates">{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/11/10/science/600-astronauts-space.html|url-access=limited|title=More than 600 human beings have now been to space|last=Roulette|first=Joey|newspaper=The New York Times |quote=They've tipped the number of people to have gone to space to over 600, according to a tally maintained by NASA|date=10 November 2021|access-date=11 November 2021}}</ref>
== Name ==
Crew Dragon capsules have been given names by their initial crews — ''[[Crew Dragon Endeavour|Endeavour]]'' for the first, and ''[[Crew Dragon Resilience|Resilience]]'' for the second. On 7 October 2021, it was announced that the third capsule will be called ''Endurance''.<ref>{{cite AV media|date=2 May 2021|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xztx8cHVZ98|title=NASA's SpaceX Crew1 Post-Splashdown Briefing |publisher=NASA Video|via=YouTube|access-date=2 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211010031444/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xztx8cHVZ98|archive-date=10 October 2021|url-status=live}} {{PD-notice}}</ref> The name honors the SpaceX and NASA teams that endured through a [[COVID-19 pandemic|pandemic]], building the spacecraft and training the astronauts who flew it.<ref>{{cite web|last=Wall |first=Mike|title=Meet "Endurance": New SpaceX Crew Dragon capsule gets a name|url=https://www.space.com/spacex-crew-dragon-capsule-named-endurance|publisher=Space.com|date=2021-10-07|access-date=2021-11-14}}</ref> The name also honors [[Endurance (1912 ship)|Endurance]], the ship used by [[Ernest Shackleton|Shackleton]]'s [[Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition]]. The three-masted vessel sank in 1915 after being bound in ice before reaching Antarctica.<ref name="SFN20211008">{{cite web|url=https://spaceflightnow.com/2021/10/08/astronauts-choose-endurance-as-name-for-new-spacex-crew-capsule/|title=Astronauts choose "Endurance" as name for new SpaceX crew capsule|publisher=Spaceflight Now|date=8 October 2021|access-date=8 October 2021}}</ref>
== Crew ==
German ESA astronaut [[Matthias Maurer]] was selected first for the mission in September 2020.<ref name="Inverse20201001"/><ref name="SF-Crew-3"/><ref name="Twitter20200908"/> NASA astronauts [[Raja Chari]] and [[Thomas Marshburn]] were added on 14 December 2020 to the crew.<ref name="Crew3Announcement"/><ref name="SFN20201229"/> The fourth seat was left open in anticipation that a Russian cosmonaut would take the seat, marking the beginning of a barter agreement that would see NASA and [[Roscosmos]] trade seats on the [[Soyuz (spacecraft)|Soyuz]] and Commercial Crew Vehicles, although in April 2021 then-acting NASA administration [[Steve Jurczyk]] said that this agreement would be unlikely to start until after Crew-3 had launched.<ref name="SFN20210424">{{cite web|last=Clark|first=Stephen|title=NASA chief: Russian cosmonauts unlikely fly on U.S. crew capsules until next year|url=https://spaceflightnow.com/2021/04/20/nasa-chief-russian-cosmonauts-unlikely-fly-on-u-s-crew-capsules-until-next-year/|publisher=Spaceflight Now|access-date=24 April 2021}}.</ref> The fourth seat was assigned to [[Kayla Barron]] in May 2021.<ref name="Barron">{{cite web|title=Kayla Barron Joins NASA's SpaceX Crew-3 Mission to Space Station|url=https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/kayla-barron-joins-nasa-s-spacex-crew-3-mission-to-space-station|publisher=NASA|date=17 May 2021|access-date=17 May 2021}} {{PD-notice}}</ref>
Chari is the first [[Rookie|rookie astronaut]] to command a NASA space mission since the [[Skylab 4]] crew blasted off to the [[Skylab]] space station in 1973. [[Gerald Carr (astronaut)|Gerald Carr]], who had not flown in space before, led a three-man crew on an 84-day flight on the Skylab.<ref name="SFN20211111">{{cite web|url=https://spaceflightnow.com/2021/11/10/raja-chari-is-the-first-rookie-astronaut-in-nearly-50-years-to-command-a-nasa-mission/|title=Raja Chari is the first rookie astronaut in 48 years to command a NASA mission|publisher=Spaceflight Now|date=10 November 2021|access-date=11 November 2021}}</ref> This is also the first spaceflight for Maurer and Barron.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2021/11/crew-3-launch/|title=SpaceX launches mostly-rookie Crew-3 mission to ISS |website=nasaspaceflight.com|publisher=NASASpaceFlight.com|access-date=11 November 2021}}</ref>
{{Spaceflight crew
| crew = prime
| terminology = Astronaut
| position1 = Spacecraft commander
| crew1_up = {{Flagicon|USA}} [[Raja Chari]]
| flights1_up = First
| agency1_up = [[NASA]]
| expedition1_up = [[Expedition 66]] / [[Expedition 67|67]]
| position2 = Pilot
| crew2_up = {{Flagicon|USA}} [[Thomas Marshburn]]
| flights2_up = Third
| agency2_up = [[NASA]]
| expedition2_up = [[Expedition 66]] / [[Expedition 67|67]]
| position3 = Mission specialist 1 <ref name="JSR799"/>
| crew3_up = {{Flagicon|GER}} [[Matthias Maurer]]
| flights3_up = First
| agency3_up = [[European Space Agency|ESA]]
| expedition3_up = [[Expedition 66]] / [[Expedition 67|67]]
| position4 = Mission specialist 2 <ref name="JSR799"/>
| crew4_up = {{Flagicon|USA}} [[Kayla Barron]]
| flights4_up = First
| agency4_up = [[NASA]]
| expedition4_up = [[Expedition 66]] / [[Expedition 67|67]]
| notes = References: <ref name="JSR799">{{cite web|url=https://www.planet4589.org/latest.html|title=JSR 799 draft|publisher=Jonathan's Space Report|date=10 November 2021|access-date=11 November 2021}}</ref><ref name="SN20201214">{{cite web|url=https://spacenews.com/nasa-assigns-astronauts-for-third-spacex-commercial-crew-mission/|title=NASA assigns astronauts for third SpaceX commercial crew mission|publisher=SpaceNews|date=14 December 2020|access-date=21 December 2020}}</ref><ref name="SF-Crew-3"/><ref name="Crew3Announcement"/><ref name="SFN20201229"/><ref name="Barron"/>
}}
{{Spaceflight crew
| crew = backup
| terminology = Astronaut
| position1 = Spacecraft commander
| crew1_up = {{Flagicon|USA}} [[Kjell N. Lindgren]]
| agency1_up = [[NASA]]
| position2 = Pilot
| crew2_up = {{Flagicon|USA}} [[Robert Hines (astronaut)|Robert Hines]]
| agency2_up = [[NASA]]
| position3 = Mission specialist 1
| crew3_up = {{Flagicon|Italy}} [[Samantha Cristoforetti]]
| agency3_up = [[European Space Agency|ESA]]
| position4 = Mission specialist 2
| crew4_up = {{Flagicon|USA}} [[Stephanie Wilson]]
| agency4_up = [[NASA]]
| notes = References: <ref>{{cite web|last1=Whiting|first1=Melanie|title=Kjell N. Lindgren (M.D.) NASA Astronaut|url=https://www.nasa.gov/astronauts/biographies/kjell-n-lindgren/biography|publisher=NASA|date=7 March 2016|access-date=7 May 2021}} {{PD-notice}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Robert Hines NASA Astronaut|url=https://www.nasa.gov/content/astronaut-candidate-bob-hines |publisher=NASA|date=26 April 2021|access-date=13 June 2021}} {{PD-notice}}</ref><ref>{{cite tweet|last=Marshburn|first=Thomas|user=AstroMarshburn|number=1403769065194274818|date=12 June 2021|title=Had a great week in Cologne, Germany, home of our crewmate @astro_matthias Our backup, @Astro_Stephanie joined us for our final training trip to the European Space Agency before we launch this fall! https://t.co/Zn8TaDn9NK|access-date=2 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211101131639/https://twitter.com/AstroMarshburn/status/1403769065194274818|archive-date=1 November 2021|url-status=live}}</ref>
}}
The first astronauts of this [[NASA Astronaut Group 22]] (nicknamed ''The Turtles'') to fly to space, Raja Chari and Kayla Barron on SpaceX Crew-3 took a [[Stuffed toy|stuffed]] turtle as zero-g indicator, to pay a tribute to their astronaut group.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/sciguyspace/status/1458620101784129547|title=SpaceX Crew-3|publisher=Twitter|access-date=11 November 2021}}</ref> Additionally, to include the other crew members on board, Matthias Maurer and Tom Marshburn, the turtle was named "Pfau", a German word meaning "Peacock" for Matthias Maurer who is German, and for Tom Marshburn who was part of [[NASA Astronaut Group 19]] (nicknamed ''The Peacocks'').<ref>{{cite web|title=Crew-3 Mission|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aknndyovSKs|access-date=12 November 2021}}</ref>
== Mission ==
[[File:SpaceX Crew-3 Dry Dress Rehearsal (KSC-20211028-PH SPX02 0012).jpg|thumb|upright=1.0|right|NASA's SpaceX Crew-3 astronauts participate in a countdown dress rehearsal at Kennedy Space Center in Florida on 28 October 2021, to prepare for the Crew-3 launch on 11 November 2021.]]
The third SpaceX operational mission in the [[Commercial Crew Program]] was originally scheduled to launch on 31 October 2021.<ref name="nasa-20211019">{{cite web|last=Sempsrott|first=Danielle |url=https://blogs.nasa.gov/commercialcrew/2021/10/19/nasa-spacex-adjust-next-crew-launch-date-to-space-station|title=NASA, SpaceX Adjust Next Crew Launch Date to Space Station|publisher=NASA|date=19 October 2021|access-date=20 October 2021}} {{PD-notice}}</ref> However, it was delayed to 3 November 2021 due to unfavorable weather in the Atlantic Ocean,<ref name="nasa-20211030">{{cite web|last=Sempsrott |first=Danielle|url=https://blogs.nasa.gov/commercialcrew/2021/10/30/nasa-spacex-adjust-next-space-station-crew-rotation-launch-date-2/|title=NASA, SpaceX Adjust Next Space Station Crew Rotation Launch Date |publisher=NASA|date=30 October 2021|access-date=30 October 2021}} {{PD-notice}}</ref> and then further delayed to 7 November 2021 due to a minor medical issue with one of the astronauts.<ref name="Weather">{{cite web|url=https://www.space.com/spacex-crew-3-launch-astronaut-medical-issue-delay|title=SpaceX's Crew-3 astronaut launch for NASA delayed by "minor medical issue"|publisher=Space.com|date=1 November 2021 |access-date=5 November 2021}}</ref> Due to expected bad weather, it was again delayed to 9 November 2021.<ref name="SFN20211104">{{cite web|url=https://spaceflightnow.com/2021/11/04/nasa-rules-out-weekend-crew-dragon-launch-may-bring-station-crew-home-first/|title=NASA rules out weekend Crew Dragon launch, may bring station crew home first|publisher=Spaceflight Now|date=4 November 2021|access-date=5 November 2021}}</ref>
Due to the launch delays, NASA decided to return the astronauts from Crew-2 before Crew-3 launched, thus being the first Crew Dragon indirect handover of space station crews.<ref name="APNEWS">{{cite web |url=https://apnews.com/article/space-exploration-science-business-weather-26ca18622d5779b79aeac5bc41392cbe?utm_source=Twitter&utm_medium=APHealthScience&utm_campaign=SocialFlow|title=SpaceX crew launch bumped to next week; astronaut on mend|agency=AP News|date=4 November 2021|access-date=5 November 2021}}</ref> SpaceX Crew-2 departed the station on 8 November 2021 and splashed down on 9 November 2021. SpaceX Crew-3 mission launched from Cape Canaveral on 11 November 2021 at 02:03:31 UTC.<ref name="NSF20211105">{{cite web|url=https://forum.nasaspaceflight.com/index.php?topic=51899.msg2307149;topicseen#new|title=Forum Crew-3|publisher=NASASpaceFlight.com|date=5 November 2021|access-date=6 November 2021}}</ref>
The European segment of the mission is called "Cosmic Kiss".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Human_and_Robotic_Exploration/ESA_astronaut_Matthias_Maurer_officially_assigned_first_flight|title=ESA astronaut Matthias Maurer officially assigned first flight |website=esa.int|publisher=ESA|date=14 December 2020|access-date=15 December 2020}}</ref>
== See also ==
* [[Crew Dragon C206|Dragon C206 ''Endeavour'']]
* [[Crew Dragon C207|Dragon C207 ''Resilience'']]
== References ==
{{Reflist|30em|refs=
<ref name="SF-Crew-3">{{cite web|url=http://www.spacefacts.de/mission/english/crew-3.htm|title=Spaceflight mission report: SpaceX Crew-3|publisher=Space Facts|first=Joachim Wilhelm Josef|last=Becker|date=13 November 2020|access-date=16 November 2020}}</ref>
<ref name="Inverse20201001">{{cite web|url=https://www.inverse.com/innovation/spacex-crew-dragon-nasa-flights|title=SpaceX and NASA Detail a Packed 12 months for Crew Dragon: What to Know|first=Mike|last=Brown |publisher=Inverse|date=1 October 2020|access-date=16 November 2020}}</ref>
<ref name="Twitter20200908">{{cite tweet|author=Crewed Spaceflight Tweets|user=MannedTweets|number=1303464156620873728|date=8 September 2020|title=BREAKING NEWS ‼ Michal Vaclavik, Czech representative at ESA: Now baked at ESA. It is clear that ESA astronaut Thomas Pesquet will fly on Crew-2, but we have now agreed that another ESA astronaut, Matthias Maurer, will fly to Crew-3 in September 2021. @ShuttleAlmanac https://t.co/lQ7LPYfaDp|access-date=2 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021055641/https://twitter.com/MannedTweets/status/1303464156620873728|archive-date=21 October 2021|url-status=live}}</ref>
<ref name="Crew3Announcement">{{cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-esa-choose-astronauts-for-spacex-crew-3-mission-to-space-station|title=NASA, ESA Choose Astronauts for SpaceX Crew-3 Mission to Space Station|last=Potter|first=Sean|publisher=NASA|date=14 December 2020|access-date=14 December 2020}} {{PD-notice}}</ref>
<ref name="SFN20201229">{{cite web|url=https://spaceflightnow.com/2020/12/29/three-astronauts-assigned-to-crew-dragon-mission-in-late-2021/|title=Three astronauts assigned to Crew Dragon mission in late 2021 |last=Clark|first=Stephen|publisher=Spaceflight Now|date=29 December 2020|access-date=29 December 2020}}</ref>
}}
{{Manned ISS flights}}
{{Dragon spaceflights}}
{{Falcon rocket launches}}
{{Orbital launches in 2021}}
{{People currently in space}}
{{Portal bar|Spaceflight}}
[[Category:SpaceX Dragon 2]]
[[Category:Spacecraft launched in 2021]]
[[Category:SpaceX payloads contracted by NASA]]
[[Category:SpaceX human spaceflights]]
[[Category:2021 in the United States]]
[[Category:Fully civilian crewed orbital spaceflights]]' |
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