Examine individual changes

'{{Short description|2021 crewed orbital flight}} {{Use American English|date=April 2020}} {{Use dmy dates|date=November 2021}} {{Infobox spaceflight | name = SpaceX Crew-3 | names_list = USCV-3 | image = SpaceX Crew-3 Launch (NHQ202111100024).jpg | image_caption = Falcon 9 and ''Endurance'' launch from LC-39A with the SpaceX Crew-3 crew members aboard. | image_size = 300Will you go to Heaven when you die? Have you lied, stolen, used God’s name in vain, or lusted (which Jesus said was adultery, Mt. 5:28)? If so, God sees you as a liar, thief, blasphemer, and adulterer at heart. If you die in your sins, you will end up in a terrible place called Hell. But there's good news. Though we broke God's Law, Jesus paid the fine by dying on the cross: "God so loved the world that He gave His only begotten Son, that whoever believes in Him should not perish but have everlasting life" (Jn. 3:16). Then Jesus rose from the dead and was seen by hundreds of eyewitnesses. He fulfilled all the prophecies of the promised Savior. Please, today, repent and trust Jesus, and God will forgive you and grant you the gift of eternal life (Eph. 2:8,9). Then, to show your gratitude, read the Bible daily and obey it, join a Christian church, and be baptized. px | mission_type = ISS crew transport | operator = [[SpaceX]] | COSPAR_ID = 2021-103A | SATCAT = 49407 | website = | mission_duration = 166 days (planned)<br/>{{time interval|11 November 2021 02:03:31|show=dh}} ''(in progress)'' | spacecraft = {{ComV|Dragon 2|Endurance}} | spacecraft_type = [[SpaceX Dragon 2|Crew Dragon]] | manufacturer = SpaceX | launch_mass = <!--{{cvt|12519|kg}}{{cn|date=November 2021 - Mass from Crew Drogon Demo-2}}--> | landing_mass = <!--{{cvt|9616|kg}}{{cn|date=November 2021 - Mass from Crew Drogon Demo-2 }}--> | crew_size = 4 | crew_members = {{Ubl|[[Raja Chari]]|[[Thomas Marshburn]]|[[Matthias Maurer]]|[[Kayla Barron]]}} | crew_expedition = [[Expedition 66]] / [[Expedition 67|67]] | launch_date = 11 November 2021, 02:03:31 [[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]] | launch_rocket = [[Falcon 9 Block 5]] ([[List of Falcon 9 first-stage boosters|B1067.2]]) | launch_site = [[Kennedy Space Center]], [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39A|LC-39A]] | launch_contractor = [[SpaceX]] | recovery_by = | landing_date = Late April 2022 (planned)<ref name="NYTimesDocking"/> | landing_site = [[Atlantic Ocean]] | orbit_reference = [[Geocentric orbit]] | orbit_regime = [[Low Earth orbit]] | orbit_inclination = 51.66° | apsis = gee | docking = {{Infobox spaceflight/Dock | docking_target = [[International Space Station]] | docking_type = Dock | docking_port = ''[[Harmony (ISS module)|Harmony]]'' forward | docking_date = 11 November 2021, 23:32 UTC | undocking_date = Late April 2022 (planned)<ref name="NYTimesDocking">{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/11/11/science/spacex-nasa-docking.html|url-access=limited|title=SpaceX Delivers NASA’s Crew-3 Astronauts to Space Station|newspaper=The New York Times|quote=They are to remain in orbit until April 2022|date=11 November 2021|access-date=12 November 2021}}</ref> | time_docked = 164 days (planned)<br/>{{time interval|11 November 2021 23:32|show=dh}} ''(in progress)'' }} | insignia = SpaceX Crew-3 logo.svg | insignia_caption = SpaceX Crew-3 mission patch | insignia_size = 200px | crew_photo = SpaceX Crew-3 (official portrait).jpg | crew_photo_caption = Chari, Marshburn, Maurer and Barron | crew_photo_size = 300px | programme = '''[[Commercial Crew Program]]''' | previous_mission = [[SpaceX Crew-2]] | next_mission = [[SpaceX Crew-4]] | programme2 = '''[[SpaceX Dragon 2#Crew Dragon flights|Crew Dragon flights]]''' | previous_mission2 = [[Inspiration4]] | next_mission2 = [[Axiom Mission 1]] }} '''SpaceX Crew-3''' is the third operational flight of a [[SpaceX Dragon 2|Crew Dragon]] spacecraft, and the fourth overall crewed orbital flight of the [[Commercial Crew Program]]. The mission successfully launched on 11 November 2021 at 02:03:31 [[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]] to the [[International Space Station]].<ref name="SFN20211111-2">{{cite web|url=https://spaceflightnow.com/2021/11/11/spacex-debuts-new-dragon-capsule-in-launch-to-the-international-space-station/|title=SpaceX debuts new Dragon capsule in launch to the International Space Station|publisher=Spaceflight Now|date=11 November 2021}}</ref> The ''[[Crew Dragon Endurance|Endurance]]'' launch brought the total number of humans who have been to space to more than 600 with Maurer (600) and Barron (601).<ref name="NYTimesUpdates">{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/11/10/science/600-astronauts-space.html|url-access=limited|title=More than 600 human beings have now been to space|last=Roulette|first=Joey|newspaper=The New York Times |quote=They've tipped the number of people to have gone to space to over 600, according to a tally maintained by NASA|date=10 November 2021|access-date=11 November 2021}}</ref> == Name == Crew Dragon capsules have been given names by their initial crews — ''[[Crew Dragon Endeavour|Endeavour]]'' for the first, and ''[[Crew Dragon Resilience|Resilience]]'' for the second. On 7 October 2021, it was announced that the third capsule will be called ''Endurance''.<ref>{{cite AV media|date=2 May 2021|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xztx8cHVZ98|title=NASA's SpaceX Crew1 Post-Splashdown Briefing |publisher=NASA Video|via=YouTube|access-date=2 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211010031444/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xztx8cHVZ98|archive-date=10 October 2021|url-status=live}} {{PD-notice}}</ref> The name honors the SpaceX and NASA teams that endured through a [[COVID-19 pandemic|pandemic]], building the spacecraft and training the astronauts who flew it.<ref>{{cite web|last=Wall |first=Mike|title=Meet "Endurance": New SpaceX Crew Dragon capsule gets a name|url=https://www.space.com/spacex-crew-dragon-capsule-named-endurance|publisher=Space.com|date=2021-10-07|access-date=2021-11-14}}</ref> The name also honors [[Endurance (1912 ship)|Endurance]], the ship used by [[Ernest Shackleton|Shackleton]]'s [[Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition]]. The three-masted vessel sank in 1915 after being bound in ice before reaching Antarctica.<ref name="SFN20211008">{{cite web|url=https://spaceflightnow.com/2021/10/08/astronauts-choose-endurance-as-name-for-new-spacex-crew-capsule/|title=Astronauts choose "Endurance" as name for new SpaceX crew capsule|publisher=Spaceflight Now|date=8 October 2021|access-date=8 October 2021}}</ref> == Crew == German ESA astronaut [[Matthias Maurer]] was selected first for the mission in September 2020.<ref name="Inverse20201001"/><ref name="SF-Crew-3"/><ref name="Twitter20200908"/> NASA astronauts [[Raja Chari]] and [[Thomas Marshburn]] were added on 14 December 2020 to the crew.<ref name="Crew3Announcement"/><ref name="SFN20201229"/> The fourth seat was left open in anticipation that a Russian cosmonaut would take the seat, marking the beginning of a barter agreement that would see NASA and [[Roscosmos]] trade seats on the [[Soyuz (spacecraft)|Soyuz]] and Commercial Crew Vehicles, although in April 2021 then-acting NASA administration [[Steve Jurczyk]] said that this agreement would be unlikely to start until after Crew-3 had launched.<ref name="SFN20210424">{{cite web|last=Clark|first=Stephen|title=NASA chief: Russian cosmonauts unlikely fly on U.S. crew capsules until next year|url=https://spaceflightnow.com/2021/04/20/nasa-chief-russian-cosmonauts-unlikely-fly-on-u-s-crew-capsules-until-next-year/|publisher=Spaceflight Now|access-date=24 April 2021}}.</ref> The fourth seat was assigned to [[Kayla Barron]] in May 2021.<ref name="Barron">{{cite web|title=Kayla Barron Joins NASA's SpaceX Crew-3 Mission to Space Station|url=https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/kayla-barron-joins-nasa-s-spacex-crew-3-mission-to-space-station|publisher=NASA|date=17 May 2021|access-date=17 May 2021}} {{PD-notice}}</ref> Chari is the first [[Rookie|rookie astronaut]] to command a NASA space mission since the [[Skylab 4]] crew blasted off to the [[Skylab]] space station in 1973. [[Gerald Carr (astronaut)|Gerald Carr]], who had not flown in space before, led a three-man crew on an 84-day flight on the Skylab.<ref name="SFN20211111">{{cite web|url=https://spaceflightnow.com/2021/11/10/raja-chari-is-the-first-rookie-astronaut-in-nearly-50-years-to-command-a-nasa-mission/|title=Raja Chari is the first rookie astronaut in 48 years to command a NASA mission|publisher=Spaceflight Now|date=10 November 2021|access-date=11 November 2021}}</ref> This is also the first spaceflight for Maurer and Barron.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2021/11/crew-3-launch/|title=SpaceX launches mostly-rookie Crew-3 mission to ISS |website=nasaspaceflight.com|publisher=NASASpaceFlight.com|access-date=11 November 2021}}</ref> {{Spaceflight crew | crew = prime | terminology = Astronaut | position1 = Spacecraft commander | crew1_up = {{Flagicon|USA}} [[Raja Chari]] | flights1_up = First | agency1_up = [[NASA]] | expedition1_up = [[Expedition 66]] / [[Expedition 67|67]] | position2 = Pilot | crew2_up = {{Flagicon|USA}} [[Thomas Marshburn]] | flights2_up = Third | agency2_up = [[NASA]] | expedition2_up = [[Expedition 66]] / [[Expedition 67|67]] | position3 = Mission specialist 1 <ref name="JSR799"/> | crew3_up = {{Flagicon|GER}} [[Matthias Maurer]] | flights3_up = First | agency3_up = [[European Space Agency|ESA]] | expedition3_up = [[Expedition 66]] / [[Expedition 67|67]] | position4 = Mission specialist 2 <ref name="JSR799"/> | crew4_up = {{Flagicon|USA}} [[Kayla Barron]] | flights4_up = First | agency4_up = [[NASA]] | expedition4_up = [[Expedition 66]] / [[Expedition 67|67]] | notes = References: <ref name="JSR799">{{cite web|url=https://www.planet4589.org/latest.html|title=JSR 799 draft|publisher=Jonathan's Space Report|date=10 November 2021|access-date=11 November 2021}}</ref><ref name="SN20201214">{{cite web|url=https://spacenews.com/nasa-assigns-astronauts-for-third-spacex-commercial-crew-mission/|title=NASA assigns astronauts for third SpaceX commercial crew mission|publisher=SpaceNews|date=14 December 2020|access-date=21 December 2020}}</ref><ref name="SF-Crew-3"/><ref name="Crew3Announcement"/><ref name="SFN20201229"/><ref name="Barron"/> }} {{Spaceflight crew | crew = backup | terminology = Astronaut | position1 = Spacecraft commander | crew1_up = {{Flagicon|USA}} [[Kjell N. Lindgren]] | agency1_up = [[NASA]] | position2 = Pilot | crew2_up = {{Flagicon|USA}} [[Robert Hines (astronaut)|Robert Hines]] | agency2_up = [[NASA]] | position3 = Mission specialist 1 | crew3_up = {{Flagicon|Italy}} [[Samantha Cristoforetti]] | agency3_up = [[European Space Agency|ESA]] | position4 = Mission specialist 2 | crew4_up = {{Flagicon|USA}} [[Stephanie Wilson]] | agency4_up = [[NASA]] | notes = References: <ref>{{cite web|last1=Whiting|first1=Melanie|title=Kjell N. Lindgren (M.D.) NASA Astronaut|url=https://www.nasa.gov/astronauts/biographies/kjell-n-lindgren/biography|publisher=NASA|date=7 March 2016|access-date=7 May 2021}} {{PD-notice}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Robert Hines NASA Astronaut|url=https://www.nasa.gov/content/astronaut-candidate-bob-hines |publisher=NASA|date=26 April 2021|access-date=13 June 2021}} {{PD-notice}}</ref><ref>{{cite tweet|last=Marshburn|first=Thomas|user=AstroMarshburn|number=1403769065194274818|date=12 June 2021|title=Had a great week in Cologne, Germany, home of our crewmate @astro_matthias Our backup, @Astro_Stephanie joined us for our final training trip to the European Space Agency before we launch this fall! https://t.co/Zn8TaDn9NK|access-date=2 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211101131639/https://twitter.com/AstroMarshburn/status/1403769065194274818|archive-date=1 November 2021|url-status=live}}</ref> }} The first astronauts of this [[NASA Astronaut Group 22]] (nicknamed ''The Turtles'') to fly to space, Raja Chari and Kayla Barron on SpaceX Crew-3 took a [[Stuffed toy|stuffed]] turtle as zero-g indicator, to pay a tribute to their astronaut group.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/sciguyspace/status/1458620101784129547|title=SpaceX Crew-3|publisher=Twitter|access-date=11 November 2021}}</ref> Additionally, to include the other crew members on board, Matthias Maurer and Tom Marshburn, the turtle was named "Pfau", a German word meaning "Peacock" for Matthias Maurer who is German, and for Tom Marshburn who was part of [[NASA Astronaut Group 19]] (nicknamed ''The Peacocks'').<ref>{{cite web|title=Crew-3 Mission|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aknndyovSKs|access-date=12 November 2021}}</ref> == Mission == [[File:SpaceX Crew-3 Dry Dress Rehearsal (KSC-20211028-PH SPX02 0012).jpg|thumb|upright=1.0|right|NASA's SpaceX Crew-3 astronauts participate in a countdown dress rehearsal at Kennedy Space Center in Florida on 28 October 2021, to prepare for the Crew-3 launch on 11 November 2021.]] The third SpaceX operational mission in the [[Commercial Crew Program]] was originally scheduled to launch on 31 October 2021.<ref name="nasa-20211019">{{cite web|last=Sempsrott|first=Danielle |url=https://blogs.nasa.gov/commercialcrew/2021/10/19/nasa-spacex-adjust-next-crew-launch-date-to-space-station|title=NASA, SpaceX Adjust Next Crew Launch Date to Space Station|publisher=NASA|date=19 October 2021|access-date=20 October 2021}} {{PD-notice}}</ref> However, it was delayed to 3 November 2021 due to unfavorable weather in the Atlantic Ocean,<ref name="nasa-20211030">{{cite web|last=Sempsrott |first=Danielle|url=https://blogs.nasa.gov/commercialcrew/2021/10/30/nasa-spacex-adjust-next-space-station-crew-rotation-launch-date-2/|title=NASA, SpaceX Adjust Next Space Station Crew Rotation Launch Date |publisher=NASA|date=30 October 2021|access-date=30 October 2021}} {{PD-notice}}</ref> and then further delayed to 7 November 2021 due to a minor medical issue with one of the astronauts.<ref name="Weather">{{cite web|url=https://www.space.com/spacex-crew-3-launch-astronaut-medical-issue-delay|title=SpaceX's Crew-3 astronaut launch for NASA delayed by "minor medical issue"|publisher=Space.com|date=1 November 2021 |access-date=5 November 2021}}</ref> Due to expected bad weather, it was again delayed to 9 November 2021.<ref name="SFN20211104">{{cite web|url=https://spaceflightnow.com/2021/11/04/nasa-rules-out-weekend-crew-dragon-launch-may-bring-station-crew-home-first/|title=NASA rules out weekend Crew Dragon launch, may bring station crew home first|publisher=Spaceflight Now|date=4 November 2021|access-date=5 November 2021}}</ref> Due to the launch delays, NASA decided to return the astronauts from Crew-2 before Crew-3 launched, thus being the first Crew Dragon indirect handover of space station crews.<ref name="APNEWS">{{cite web |url=https://apnews.com/article/space-exploration-science-business-weather-26ca18622d5779b79aeac5bc41392cbe?utm_source=Twitter&utm_medium=APHealthScience&utm_campaign=SocialFlow|title=SpaceX crew launch bumped to next week; astronaut on mend|agency=AP News|date=4 November 2021|access-date=5 November 2021}}</ref> SpaceX Crew-2 departed the station on 8 November 2021 and splashed down on 9 November 2021. SpaceX Crew-3 mission launched from Cape Canaveral on 11 November 2021 at 02:03:31 UTC.<ref name="NSF20211105">{{cite web|url=https://forum.nasaspaceflight.com/index.php?topic=51899.msg2307149;topicseen#new|title=Forum Crew-3|publisher=NASASpaceFlight.com|date=5 November 2021|access-date=6 November 2021}}</ref> The European segment of the mission is called "Cosmic Kiss".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Human_and_Robotic_Exploration/ESA_astronaut_Matthias_Maurer_officially_assigned_first_flight|title=ESA astronaut Matthias Maurer officially assigned first flight |website=esa.int|publisher=ESA|date=14 December 2020|access-date=15 December 2020}}</ref> == See also == * [[Crew Dragon C206|Dragon C206 ''Endeavour'']] * [[Crew Dragon C207|Dragon C207 ''Resilience'']] == References == {{Reflist|30em|refs= <ref name="SF-Crew-3">{{cite web|url=http://www.spacefacts.de/mission/english/crew-3.htm|title=Spaceflight mission report: SpaceX Crew-3|publisher=Space Facts|first=Joachim Wilhelm Josef|last=Becker|date=13 November 2020|access-date=16 November 2020}}</ref> <ref name="Inverse20201001">{{cite web|url=https://www.inverse.com/innovation/spacex-crew-dragon-nasa-flights|title=SpaceX and NASA Detail a Packed 12 months for Crew Dragon: What to Know|first=Mike|last=Brown |publisher=Inverse|date=1 October 2020|access-date=16 November 2020}}</ref> <ref name="Twitter20200908">{{cite tweet|author=Crewed Spaceflight Tweets|user=MannedTweets|number=1303464156620873728|date=8 September 2020|title=BREAKING NEWS ‼ Michal Vaclavik, Czech representative at ESA: Now baked at ESA. It is clear that ESA astronaut Thomas Pesquet will fly on Crew-2, but we have now agreed that another ESA astronaut, Matthias Maurer, will fly to Crew-3 in September 2021. @ShuttleAlmanac https://t.co/lQ7LPYfaDp|access-date=2 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021055641/https://twitter.com/MannedTweets/status/1303464156620873728|archive-date=21 October 2021|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="Crew3Announcement">{{cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-esa-choose-astronauts-for-spacex-crew-3-mission-to-space-station|title=NASA, ESA Choose Astronauts for SpaceX Crew-3 Mission to Space Station|last=Potter|first=Sean|publisher=NASA|date=14 December 2020|access-date=14 December 2020}} {{PD-notice}}</ref> <ref name="SFN20201229">{{cite web|url=https://spaceflightnow.com/2020/12/29/three-astronauts-assigned-to-crew-dragon-mission-in-late-2021/|title=Three astronauts assigned to Crew Dragon mission in late 2021 |last=Clark|first=Stephen|publisher=Spaceflight Now|date=29 December 2020|access-date=29 December 2020}}</ref> }} {{Manned ISS flights}} {{Dragon spaceflights}} {{Falcon rocket launches}} {{Orbital launches in 2021}} {{People currently in space}} {{Portal bar|Spaceflight}} [[Category:SpaceX Dragon 2]] [[Category:Spacecraft launched in 2021]] [[Category:SpaceX payloads contracted by NASA]] [[Category:SpaceX human spaceflights]] [[Category:2021 in the United States]] [[Category:Fully civilian crewed orbital spaceflights]]'