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'{{Short description|Conspiracy theories involving Freemasonry}} {{Freemasonry}} '''Masonic conspiracy theories''' are [[conspiracy theory|conspiracy theories]] involving [[Freemasonry]]; hundreds of such conspiracy theories have been described since the late 18th century.<ref name= Hodapp>{{cite book|title=Conspiracy Theories & Secret Societies For Dummies|first=Christopher|last=Hodapp|author2=Alice Von Kannon|publisher=For Dummies|year=2008|isbn=978-0-470-18408-0|pages=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780470184080/page/174 174, 178]|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780470184080/page/174}}</ref> Usually, these theories fall into three distinct categories: political (usually involving allegations of control of government, particularly in the [[United States]] and the [[United Kingdom]]), religious (usually involving allegations of anti-Christian or Satanic beliefs or practices), and cultural (usually involving popular entertainment). Many conspiracy theories have connected the Freemasons (and the [[Knights Templar (Freemasonry)|Knights Templar]]) with worship of the devil;<ref name="Robinson, John 1993">Robinson, John. ''A Pilgrim's Path: Freemasonry and the Religious Right''. M. Evans, 1993. {{ISBN|0-87131-732-X}}</ref><ref name=Hodapp2008 /><ref name="theforbiddenknowledge.com">{{Cite web|url=http://www.theforbiddenknowledge.com/symbology/1o5.htm|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070531182624/http://www.theforbiddenknowledge.com/symbology/1o5.htm|url-status=dead|title=Freemasonry The worship of Lucifer, SATAN Part 1 of 5|archivedate=May 31, 2007}}</ref><ref name="freedom-ministries.com">{{Cite web|url=https://www.freedom-ministries.com/|title=Freedom Ministries International|website=Freedom Ministries International}}</ref><ref name="conspiracyarchive.com">{{Cite web|url=https://www.conspiracyarchive.com/NWO/Freemasonry.htm|title=Freemasonry: Midwife to an Occult Empire|website=www.conspiracyarchive.com}}</ref> these ideas are based on different interpretations of the doctrines of those organizations.<ref name= Addison>{{cite book|title=The History of the Knights Templars: The Temple Church and the Temple|first=Charles G. |last=Addison |author-link=Charles Greenstreet Addison |author2=David Hatcher Childress |publisher=Adventures Unlimited Press|year=1997|isbn=0-932813-40-2|pages=19–20}}</ref> Of the claims that Freemasonry exerts control over politics, perhaps the best-known example is the [[New World Order (conspiracy theory)|New World Order]] theory, but there are others. These mainly involve aspects and agencies of the [[Federal government of the United States|United States government]], but actual events outside the US (such as the [[Propaganda Due]] scandal in [[Italy]]) are often used to lend credence to claims. Another set of theories has to do with Freemasonry and religion, particularly that Freemasonry deals with "the occult".<ref>Here used to denote a particular range of the occult involving Satanic or anti-Christian beliefs.</ref> These theories have their beginnings in the [[Taxil hoax]].<ref>S. Brent Morris, ''The Complete Idiot's Guide to Freemasonry'' (2006), pp. 171-172; {{ISBN|1-59257-490-4}}</ref><ref>Christopher Hodapp, ''Freemasons for Dummies'' (2005), pp. 160-161; 298-299; {{ISBN|0-7645-9796-5}}</ref> In addition to these, there are various theories that focus on the embedding of symbols in otherwise ordinary items, such as street patterns, national seals, corporate logos, etc. There are Masonic conspiracy theories dealing with every aspect of society. The majority of these theories are based on one or more of the following assumptions: *That Freemasonry is its own religion, requires belief in a unique ''Masonic god'', and that belief in this ''Masonic god'' is contrary to the teachings of various mainstream religions (although usually noted in terms of being specifically contrary to ''Christian'' belief)<ref>See, for example, the claims made by William A. Whalen, in his essay ''The Masonic Religion'', available on the [http://www.ewtn.com/library/newage/masonrel.txt ewtn.com website]; or the claims made at [http://www.evangelicaltruth.com/fmog.html evangelicaltruth.com].</ref> *That the 33rd degree of the [[Scottish Rite]] is more than an honorary degree, coupled with the belief that most Freemasons are unaware of hidden or secretive ruling bodies within their organization that govern them, conduct occult ritual, or control various positions of governmental power<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.meta-religion.com/Secret_societies/Groups/Masonry/freemansonry_conspiracy_within.htm|title=Freemasonry, Conspiracy Within|website=www.meta-religion.com}}</ref> *That there is a centralized worldwide body that controls all Masonic [[Grand Lodge]]s, and thus, all of Freemasonry worldwide acts in a unified manner. ==List of conspiracy theories associated with Freemasonry== <!-- NOTE: Take care when adding to this section only to add cited theories, bearing in mind WP:NOT, WP:RS and WP:EL. Thank you. --> Notable conspiracy theories involving Freemasonry include: ===Political=== * That the British judiciary is heavily infiltrated with Masons, who give fellow Masons "the benefit of the doubt" in court, subverting the legal system.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/crime/trial-could-force-judges-declare-they-are-masons-634140.html|title=Trial could force judges to declare they are Masons|date=September 22, 2011|website=The Independent}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/57463.stm|title=BBC News &#124; UK &#124; Freemasons - moral guardians or centre of corruption?|website=news.bbc.co.uk}}</ref> * That Freemasonry overlaps with, or is controlled by, the [[Illuminati]], especially in the higher degrees; Illuminati Freemasons secretly control many major aspects of society and government and are working to establish the [[New World Order (conspiracy theory)|New World Order]].<ref>[http://www.thetruthseeker.co.uk/article.asp?ID=5424 Why the NSA tried to recruit me] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927210557/http://www.thetruthseeker.co.uk/article.asp?ID=5424 |date=2007-09-27 }} by James Casbolt in St Ives, UK – October 31, 2006</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.conspiracyarchive.com/NWO/Heart_Mountain_FEMA.htm|title=The Road to Heart Mountain? Rumors, FEMA and the Future|website=www.conspiracyarchive.com}}</ref><ref name="ReferenceA">{{Cite web|url=http://www.theforbiddenknowledge.com/hardtruth/uspresidentasmasons.htm|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110113210059/http://www.theforbiddenknowledge.com/hardtruth/uspresidentasmasons.htm|url-status=dead|title=United States Presidents and The Illuminati / Masonic Power Structure|archivedate=January 13, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.theforbiddenknowledge.com/hardtruth/uspresidentasmasonspt4.htm|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070529061207/http://www.theforbiddenknowledge.com/hardtruth/uspresidentasmasonspt4.htm|url-status=dead|title=United States Presidents and The Illuminati / Masonic Power Structure Pt.4|archivedate=May 29, 2007}}</ref><ref name= Berlet> {{cite book |title=Right-wing Populism in America: Too Close for Comfort |url=https://archive.org/details/rightwingpopulis00berlrich |url-access=registration |first=Chip |last=Berlet |author-link= Chip Berlet |author2=Matthew Nemiroff Lyons |publisher=Guilford Press |page=[https://archive.org/details/rightwingpopulis00berlrich/page/258 258] |year=2000 |isbn=1-57230-562-2 }}</ref><ref name=Pugh /> Some conspiracy theories involving the Freemasons and the Illuminati also include the [[Knights Templar]] and [[Jews]] as part of the supposed plan for universal control of society. This type of conspiracy theory was described as early as 1792 by multiple authors, beginning in France and Scotland.<ref name= Hodapp/> * That Freemasonry is a Jewish front for world domination or is at least controlled by Jews for this goal. An example of this is the anti-Semitic [[literary forgery]] ''[[The Protocols of the Elders of Zion]]''. [[Adolf Hitler]] believed that Freemasonry was a tool of Jewish influence,<ref>Hitler, Adolf. [http://www.adolfhitler.ws/lib/books/43kampf/kampf43.htm ''Mein Kampf: Volume One - A Reckoning''. Chapter XI: Nation and Race] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081208173010/http://www.adolfhitler.ws/lib/books/43kampf/kampf43.htm |date=2008-12-08 }}. 1924 (trans. 1943).</ref> and outlawed Freemasonry and persecuted Freemasons partially for this reason.<ref>Hitler, Adolf. [http://www.adolfhitler.ws/lib/books/43kampf/kampf43.htm ''Mein Kampf Volume Two - The National Socialist Movement.''] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081208173010/http://www.adolfhitler.ws/lib/books/43kampf/kampf43.htm |date=2008-12-08 }}</ref> The covenant of the [[Palestinian people|Palestinian]] [[Islamism|Islamist]] movement [[Hamas]] claims that Freemasonry is a "secret society" founded as part of a Zionist plot to control the world.<ref>[https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Terrorism/Hamas_covenant_complete.html 'The Covenant of the Islamic Resistance Movement (HAMAS)-Palestine'], articles seventeen, twenty-two and twenty-eight, 18 Aug 1988.</ref> [[Hilaire Belloc]] thought Jews had "inaugurated" freemasonry "as a bridge between themselves and their hosts".<ref name="belloc">{{cite web | url=https://archive.org/stream/jewsbello00belluoft#page/223/mode/1up | title=The Jews | publisher=Constable & Company, Limited | work=Book | date=1922 | access-date=4 April 2016 | author=Belloc, Hilaire | pages=223}}</ref> * Related to the above is the idea that Freemasonry is tied to or behind [[Communism]]. The Spanish dictator [[Francisco Franco]] had often associated his opposition with both Freemasonry and Communism, and saw the latter as a conspiracy of the former - as he put it, "The whole secret of the campaigns unleashed against Spain can be explained in two words: masonry and communism".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.freemasonrytoday.com/30/p09.php|title="Freemasonry and the Spanish Civil War: Part II", by Matthew Scanlan retrieved 19 August 2009|access-date=14 August 2017|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110711034852/http://www.freemasonrytoday.com/30/p09.php|archive-date=11 July 2011}}</ref> In 1950, Irish writer [[Denis Fahey]] republished a work by [[George F. Dillon]] under the title [[War of Anti-Christ with the Church and Christian Civilization|Grand Orient Freemasonry Unmasked as the Secret Power Behind Communism]]. Modern conspiracy theorists such as Henry Makow have also claimed that Freemasonry intends the triumph of Communism.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://henrymakow.com/000280.html |title="The Aim of Freemasonry is the Triumph of Communism" by Henry Makow |access-date=2014-10-13 |archive-date=2014-10-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141013020425/http://henrymakow.com/000280.html |url-status=live }}</ref> * That Freemasons are behind [[Tax protester conspiracy arguments#Conspiracy arguments involving Zionism and Freemasonry|income taxes in the US]]. One convicted tax protester has charged that law enforcement officials who surrounded his property in a standoff over his refusal to surrender after his conviction were part of a "[[Zionism|Zionist]], [[Illuminati]], [[Freemasonry|Free Mason]] {{sic}} movement".<ref>Kristen Senz, "Ed Brown says Feds have no jurisdiction in New Hampshire," ''New Hampshire Union Leader'', June 8, 2007 [http://www.unionleader.com/article.aspx?headline=Ed+Brown+says+feds+have+no+jurisdiction+in+New+Hampshire&articleId=844a9c5f-5475-4d71-a149-102ea693ee4b]</ref> The ''New Hampshire Union Leader'' also reported that "[[Edward and Elaine Brown|the Browns]] believe the [[Internal Revenue Service|IRS]] and the federal income tax are part of a deliberate plot perpetrated by Freemasons to control the American people and eventually the world."<ref>Kristen Senz, "Browns say they will either walk free, or die," ''New Hampshire Union Leader'', June 19, 2007 at [http://www.unionleader.com/article.aspx?headline=Browns+say+they+will+either+walk+free%2c+or+die&articleId=a02db0e8-8042-474e-8a82-1fb5dc2f6306].</ref> * That the BOULE ([[Sigma Pi Phi|Sigma Pi Phi Fraternity]]) is and has been a cornerstone of Prince Hall Masonry's political influence with Masonic congressmen such as [[Louis Stokes]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.laporteyorkrite.com/famous-masons/name/louis-stokes/|title=Louis Stokes - Famous Masons|website=LaPorte York Rite}}</ref> [[John Conyers]], [[Charles Rangel]], [[August Hawkins]], [[John Lewis]], [[Ralph Metcalfe]], [[Kweisi Mfume]], [[Elijah Cummings]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://phaohio.org/famous-prince-hall-masons|title=MWPHGL of Ohio|first=Most Worshipful Prince Hall Grand Lodge of|last=Ohio|website=Most Worshipful Prince Hall Grand Lodge of Ohio}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://jacksonvillefreepress.com/former-naacp-chief-and-congressional-black-caucus-chair-kweisi-mfume-wins-primary-for-cummings-seat/|title=Former NAACP Chief and Congressional Black Caucus Chair Kweisi Mfume Wins Primary for Cummings Seat – Free Press of Jacksonville|website=jacksonvillefreepress.com}}</ref> and [[Jesse Jackson]]. * That Freemasons have strong links with a more selective secret and semi-secret societies such as the [[Bohemian Grove]] meeting,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.jesus-is-savior.com/False%20Religions/Wicca%20&%20Witchcraft/bohemian_grove_exposed.htm|title=Bohemian Grove Exposed!|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140209063719/http://www.jesus-is-savior.com/False%20Religions/Wicca%20&%20Witchcraft/bohemian_grove_exposed.htm|archive-date=2014-02-09}}</ref><ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=http://www.trosch.org/|title=Trosch.org &#124; Blog sobre la fe cristiana|website=Trostch.org}}</ref> the [[Skull and Bones]] society,<ref name= Pugh >{{Cite book| title=Eden: The Knowledge of Good and Evil 666|first=Joye Jeffries |last=Pugh|publisher=[[Tate Publishing & Enterprises|Tate Publishing]]|page=244 |year=2006 |isbn=1-59886-253-7}}</ref> and [[Rhodes Scholars]].<ref name="auto"/> * That groups such as the [[Ku Klux Klan]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20190301225718/http://www.jesus-is-savior.com/False%20Religions/Freemasonry/ku_klux_klan.htm Freemasonry and the Ku Klux Klan, hosted on www.jesus-is-saviour.com]</ref> and the [[Orange Order]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20130926153600/https://www.theguardian.com/uk/1999/oct/24/northernireland.theobserver1 Satanic secrets of the Orange Order], The Observer, Sunday 24 October 1999</ref> are intimately tied to Freemasonry. ===Religious=== There are a number of claims, predominantly made by conservative Protestants,<ref>[http://204.3.136.66/web/SRpublications/DeHoyos.htm#i5 ''Is It True What They Say About Freemasonry? The Methods of Anti-Masons''] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131202094337/http://204.3.136.66/web/SRpublications/DeHoyos.htm |date=2013-12-02 }}, Arturo de Hoyos and S. Brent Morris, M. Evans & Company pub, 2004</ref> that Freemasons at higher degrees deceive those at lower degrees, and gradually reveal a separate, occult religion: * That Freemasons worship Lucifer or Satan,<ref name= Addison/> often attributed to quotes by [[Albert Pike]].<ref name="Robinson, John 1993"/><ref name=Hodapp2008 /><ref name="theforbiddenknowledge.com"/><ref name="freedom-ministries.com"/> * That Freemasons worship [[Baal]], [[Baphomet]], [[Masih ad-Dajjal|Dajjal]], or [[Rahu]]<ref>Baal: [http://www.crossroad.to/articles2/006/freemasons.htm Kjos Ministries website: Freemasons - Roots & Links to the Occult]; Baphomet: [http://www.religiouscounterfeits.org/ml_intro.htm www.religiouscounterfeits.org]; Dajjal: [https://archive.today/2013.01.25-073543/http://harunyahya.com/en/works/15546/atheistic-freemasonry-the-system-of Atheistic freemasonry - Harun Yahya website]</ref> * That Freemasonry is occult in nature and worships their own particular god, such as GAOTU the "[[Great Architect of the Universe]]", [[Gnosis]], or [[Jahbulon]], an amalgam of the gods [[Tetragrammaton|YHWH]], [[Baal]], and [[Osiris]].<ref>[http://www.indianamasons.org/imoanti/gaotu.html G.A.O.T.U.] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040819004739/http://www.indianamasons.org/imoanti/gaotu.html |date=2004-08-19 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.godonthe.net/cme/links/masons.htm|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20040806235839/http://www.godonthe.net/cme/links/masons.htm|url-status=dead|title=Freemasonry is a Non-Christian Occult Religion|archivedate=August 6, 2004}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.islamicparty.com/commonsense/19mason.htm|title=Freemasonry|website=www.islamicparty.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.islamicparty.com/satvoices/unmasking.htm|title=Satanic Voices : Ancient & Modern - Unmasking Jehovah Jah-Bul-On|website=www.islamicparty.com}}</ref><ref>[http://www.masonicinfo.com/name.htm Name of Deity] (MasonicInfo.com)</ref> *The Syrian-Egyptian [[Wahhabism|Wahhabi]] scholar [[Rashid Rida]] popularised anti-Semitic and masonic conspiracies across the Arab world and which would later be embraced by various Islamist movements in the 20th century. In Rida's worldview, [[Freemasonry]] was invented by Jews. Rida's views would be adopted in the [[Hamas Covenant|1988 Charter of Hamas]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=McHugo|first=John |title=A CONCISE HISTORY OF THE ARABS |year=2013|location=The New Press, 38 Greene Street, New York, NY 10013| publisher=The New Press| isbn=978-1-59558-950-7 |pages=162–163}}</ref> ===Alleged occult influences on popular culture=== * That Freemasons intertwine various symbols and [[numerology]] into modern culture, such as corporate logos.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.theforbiddenknowledge.com/hardtruth/13_33_freemason_sig.htm|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20040814051351/http://www.theforbiddenknowledge.com/hardtruth/13_33_freemason_sig.htm|url-status=dead|title=Corporate Logos|archivedate=August 14, 2004}}</ref> * That the [[United States]] was founded by Freemasons who have interwoven Masonic symbols into American society, particularly in [[Great Seal of the United States#Significance|national seals]], streets in [[Washington, D.C.]], [[Architecture of the United States|architecture]], and the [[Federal Reserve Note|dollar bill]] (indeed several [[Founding Fathers of the United States|Founding Fathers]] such as [[George Washington]], [[Benjamin Franklin]] and [[James Monroe]] were Freemasons).<ref>{{citation |url= http://watch.pair.com/GW.html |title= George Washington |work= Watch Unto Prayer [watch.pair.com] |author= Aho, Barbara |url-status= dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20040803164416/http://watch.pair.com/GW.html |archive-date= 2004-08-03 }}</ref>{{unreliable source?|date=February 2014}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.theforbiddenknowledge.com/hardtruth/masonic_symbols_washington.htm|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20040907075330/http://www.theforbiddenknowledge.com/hardtruth/masonic_symbols_washington.htm|url-status=dead|title=Masonic Symbols in Washington|archivedate=September 7, 2004}}</ref><ref>Hodapp, Christopher L., ''Solomon's Builders: Freemasons, Founding Fathers and the Secrets of washington D.C.'', Ulysses Press, 2007, {{ISBN|1-56975-579-5}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.theforbiddenknowledge.com/hardtruth/uspresidentasmasons.htm|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110113210059/http://www.theforbiddenknowledge.com/hardtruth/uspresidentasmasons.htm|url-status=dead|title=United States Presidents and The Illuminati / Masonic Power Structure.|archivedate=January 13, 2011}}</ref> ===Other=== * That [[Freemasons]] [[Moon landing conspiracy theories|faked the Apollo moon landings]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mt.net/~watcher/masonapollo.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20061103101846/http://www.mt.net/~watcher/masonapollo.html|url-status=dead|title="NASA Masonic Conspiracy - Apollo Missions Masonic Symbols"|archivedate=November 3, 2006}}</ref> * That Freemasons (at [[NASA]]) deceive the public to hide the [[Flat Earth|Earth being flat]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Dubay|first=Eric|title=The Flat-Earth Conspiracy|publisher=Lulu.com|year=2014|isbn=978-1312627161|pages=11|quote=The greatest cover-up of all time, NASA and Freemasonry’s biggest secret, is that we are living on a plane, not a planet, that Earth is the flat, stationary center of the universe.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last1=Wang|first1=Amy B.|last2=Selk|first2=Avi|date=November 24, 2017|title=A flat-Earther's plan to launch himself in a homemade rocket just hit a speed bump|work=The Washington Post|department=Science|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/speaking-of-science/wp/2017/11/24/a-flat-earthers-plan-to-launch-himself-in-a-homemade-rocket-just-hit-a-speed-bump/|url-status=live|access-date=May 27, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180124193131/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/speaking-of-science/wp/2017/11/24/a-flat-earthers-plan-to-launch-himself-in-a-homemade-rocket-just-hit-a-speed-bump/|archive-date=January 24, 2018}}</ref> * That the [[September 11 attacks]] were astrological in nature, as part of a hidden war between Masonry (as descendants of the [[Knights Templar]]) and Islam.<ref name="nineeleven">[http://www.enterprisemission.com/tower2.htm "Who's the Enemy: -- The End of Days Begun?"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080914072745/http://www.enterprisemission.com/tower2.htm |date=2008-09-14 }}</ref> * That [[Reptilian conspiracy theory|humanoid reptiles]] are behind secret societies like the Freemasons and the [[Illuminati]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20081205025452/http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1860871_1860876_1861029,00.html "Separating Fact from Fiction: The Reptilian Elite"]. ''TIME.com''. July 15, 2009. Accessed July 26, 2016.</ref> * That some prominent murders involved Freemasons, including the cases of [[Jack the Ripper]],<ref>A claim first made by Steven Knight in his book ''Jack the Ripper: The Final Solution (1976)'', but repeated by others since. See: [http://www.masonicinfo.com/ripper.htm Jack the Ripper, Masonic conspiracy] page at www.Masonicinfo.com</ref> [[Roberto Calvi]],<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/magazine/3568409.stm An end to the mystery of God's Banker?], BBC Magazine, 31 March 2004</ref> and [[assassination of John F. Kennedy|John F. Kennedy]].<ref name=Hodapp2008>Hodapp, Christopher L. and VonKannon, Alice, ''Conspiracy Theories & Secret Societies For Dummies,'' Wiley, 2008, {{ISBN|978-0-470-18408-0}}</ref><ref>[[James Shelby Downard]], and [[Michael A. Hoffman II]]. [http://www.revisionisthistory.org/kingkill33.html "King-Kill/33°: Masonic Symbolism in the Assassination of John F. Kennedy] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070318013027/http://www.revisionisthistory.org/kingkill33.html |date=2007-03-18 }}", 1987. Website excerpt, 1998. Retrieved 16 July 2007.</ref> * That the Masons are intimately connected to the Illuminati.<ref name="ReferenceA"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bibliotecapleyades.net/sociopolitica/esp_sociopol_illuminati_20.htm|title=Freemasonry and The Illuminati|website=www.bibliotecapleyades.net}}</ref> <!-- NOTE: Take care when adding to this section only to add cited theories, bearing in mind WP:NOT, WP:RS and WP:EL. Thank you. --> ==Masonic conspiracy theories in mass culture== * ''[[The Prague Cemetery]]'', a novel by [[Umberto Eco]] * ''[[The Lost Symbol]]'', a novel by [[Dan Brown]] ==See also== *[[Anti-Masonry]] *[[Judeo-Masonic conspiracy theory]] ==Notes and references== {{reflist|2}} ==External links== *[http://www.mastermason.com/BrotherGene/masonic/conspiracy_of_hate.htm Conspiracy of Hate] – A Christian Perspective on the un-Christian Tactics of the anti-Masons, A.W.Harper, 1995. {{Freemasonry footer}} {{Conspiracy theories}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Masonic Conspiracy Theories}} [[Category:Conspiracy theories by subject]] [[Category:Freemasonry]] [[Category:Anti-Masonry]] [[Category:Pseudohistory]] [[Category:Freemasonry-related controversies]]'