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'{{Other uses}} {{refimprove|date=May 2013}} [[File:Wenceslas Hollar - Quivers and hunting horns.jpg|thumb|Three quivers]] A '''quiver''' is a container for [[arrow]]s, [[quarrel|bolts]], or [[Dart (missile)|darts]]. Quivers can be attached in various positions on an archer's body, the bow, or the ground, depending on the type of shooting and the archer's personal preference. Quivers were traditionally made of leather, wood, furs, and other natural materials, but are now often made of metal or plastic. ==Types== ===Belt quiver=== [[File:OttomanHorseArcher.jpg|thumb|An [[Ottoman Turk]] with a rear-canted belt quiver designed for [[mounted archery]]]] The most common style of quiver is a flat or cylindrical container suspended from the belt. They are found across many cultures from North American to China. Many variations of this type exist, such as being canted forwards or backwards, and being carried on the dominant hand side, off-hand side, or the small of the back. Some variants enclose almost the entire arrow, while minimalist "pocket quivers" consist of little more than a small stiff pouch that only covers the first few inches. ===Back quiver=== Back quivers are secured to the archer's back via straps, with the nock ends protruding above the dominant hand's shoulder. Arrows can drawn over the shoulder rapidly by the nock. This style of quiver was used by [[Indigenous peoples of the Americas|Native American]] tribes of North America and tribes in Africa. The Japanese Samurai, also used quivers on their backs, called [[Yebira]], while both on foot and horseback. While popular in cinema and art for depictions of medieval European characters (such as [[Robin Hood]]), this style of quiver was never used in medieval Europe.<ref name="English Longbowman">{{cite book |author=Gerry Embleton; Clive Bartlett |title=English Longbowman 1330-1515Ad (Warrior, No 11) |publisher=Osprey Publishing (UK) |location= |year=1995 |pages=28 |isbn=1-85532-491-1 |oclc= |doi= |accessdate=}}</ref> The [[Bayeux Tapestry]] shows that most bowmen in medieval Europe used belt quivers. ===Ground quiver=== A ground quiver is c knhjck j , j , jc, uvlhjvlvyvlhyvov ydkctck xylyktydxlotycucv dgded87dfifvgtdcuchycjc ccudktyfktflgmdgcjcgdcjd didgfd d dusvsios jgvsvdbx jhjdhdxh dndndnjdn nfchchcfhfchfhfhfused for both target shooting or warfare when the archer is shooting from a fixed location. They can be simply stakes in the ground with a ring at the top to hold the arrows, or more elaborate designs that hold the arrows within reach without the archer having to lean down to draw. ===Bow quiver=== A modern invention, the bow quiver attaches directly to the bow's limbs and holds the arrows steady with a clip of some kind. They are popular with [[compound bow]] hunters as it allows one piece of equipment to be carried in the field without encumbering the hunter's body. ===Arrow bag=== A style used by medieval [[English Longbow]]men and several other cultures, an arrow bag is a simple drawstring cloth sack with a leather spacer at the top to keep the arrows divided. When not in use, the drawstring could be closed, completely covering the arrows so as to protect them from rain and dirt. Some had straps or rope sewn to them for carry, but many either were tucked into the belt or set on the ground before battle to allow easier access. ===Japanese quivers=== [[Image:Antique Japanese (samurai) yumi and yebira.jpg|thumb|left|300px|Japanese archery equipment including a variety of quivers]] [[Yebira]] refers to a variety of quiver designs. The [[Yazutsu]] is a different type, used in Kyudo. Arrows are removed from it before shooting, and held in the hand, so it is mainly used to transport and protect arrows. [[Image:Yoshitoshi Fujiwara no Hidesato.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Fujiwara no Hidesato shooting the giant centipede, [[Tsukioka Yoshitoshi]] 1890]]{{clear}} ==References== {{reflist}} *{{cite book |author= |title=Archery |publisher=Boy Scouts of America |location=Irving, Texas |year=1986 |pages= |isbn=0-8395-3381-0 |oclc= |doi= |accessdate=}} *{{cite book |author=Glover, Daniel S.; Grayson, Charles Jackson; French, Mary; O'Brien, Michael J. |title=Traditional archery from six continents: the Charles E. Grayson Collection |publisher=University of Missouri Press |location=Columbia |year=2007 |pages= |isbn=0-8262-1751-6 |oclc= |doi= |accessdate=}} {{Commons category|Yebira (ebira)|Japanese quivers}} {{wiktionary}} {{Wikisource1911Enc}} {{Archery}} [[Category:Archery]]'