Page namespace (page_namespace) | 0 |
Page title without namespace (page_title) | 'ANZAC Cove' |
Full page title (page_prefixedtitle) | 'ANZAC Cove' |
Old page wikitext, before the edit (old_wikitext) | '{{coord|40|14|46|N|26|16|40|E|display=title}} [[Image:Anzac Cove.jpg|thumb|right|350px|Anzac Cove looking towards [[Ari Burnu]], 1915.]]
'''ANZAC Cove''' ({{lang-tr|Anzak Koyu}}) is a small cove on the Gallipoli peninsula in Turkey. It became famous as the site of [[World War I]] landing of the ANZAC ([[Australian and New Zealand Army Corps]]) on April 25 1915. The cove is a mere 600m long, bounded by the headlands of [[Ari Burnu]] to the north and Little Ari Burnu, known as [[Hell Spit]], to the south. Following the [[landing at Anzac Cove]], the beach became the main base for the [[Australia]]n and [[New Zealand]] troops for the eight months of the [[Battle of Gallipoli]].
The first objective for soldiers coming ashore in enemy-held territory was to establish a beachhead, that is, a safe section of beach protected from enemy attack where supplies and extra troops could be safely brought ashore.
ANZAC Cove was always within kilometre of the front-line, well within the range of Turkish [[artillery]] though spurs from the high ground of [[Plugge's Plateau]], which rose above Ari Burnu, provided some protection. General [[William Birdwood, 1st Baron Birdwood|William Birdwood]], commander of ANZAC, made his headquarters in a gully overlooking the cove, as did the commanders of the [[New Zealand and Australian Division]] and the [[Australian 1st Division]]. It was on [[29 April]] that General Birdwood recommended that the original landing site between the two headlands be known as "ANZAC Cove" and that the surrounding, hitherto nameless, area occupied by his corps be known as "ANZAC".
[[Image:Anzac Beach 4th Bn landing 8am April 25 1915.jpg|thumb|left|250px|Australian 4th Battalion troops landing in Anzac Cove, 25 April 1915.]]
The beach itself became an enormous supply dump and two field [[hospital]]s were established, one at either end. Four floating [[jetty|jetties]] were quickly constructed for the landing of stores, later replaced in July by a permanent structure known as "Watson's Pier". The volume of stores quickly overflowed onto the adjacent beaches; firstly onto "[[Brighton Beach (Gallipoli)|Brighton Beach]]" to the south of the cove and later onto [[North Beach (Gallipoli)|North Beach]] beyond Ari Burnu. Three [[radio|wireless radio]] stations were established on the beach to maintain contact with the fleet.
[[Image:Attaturkswords5.jpg|thumb|200px|Memorial of Anzac Cove; commemorating the thousands of lost [[Ottoman Turks|Turkish]] and [[Australian and New Zealand Army Corps|Anzac]] soldiers in [[Battle of Gallipoli|Gallipoli]]. {{quote|Those heroes that shed their blood and lost their lives… you are now lying in the soil of a friendly country. Therefore rest in peace. There is no difference between the Johnnies and the Mehmets where they lie side by side here in this country of ours… You the mothers who sent their sons from far away countries, wipe away your tears. Your sons are now lying in our bosom and are in peace. Having lost their lives on this land they have become our sons as well.|[[Atatürk]]}}]]
While the cove was relatively sheltered from shellfire from across the peninsula — the Chanak forts, as well as the Turkish [[battleship]]s [[Ottoman battleship Turgut Reis|''Turgut Reis'']] and [[Ottoman battleship Barbaros hayreddin|''Barbaros hayreddin'']] anchored in the [[Dardanelles]], shelled the waters off the cove — it was partially exposed to view from [[Gaba Tepe]] to the south and completely open to view from Nibrunesi Point at the southern tip of [[Suvla Bay]] to the north. Nibrunesi Point was under the guns of the [[Royal Navy]] so was never used to fire on ANZAC, however the well-concealed Turkish battery at Gaba Tepe, known as "Beachy Bill", was a constant menace.
Despite the shelling, ANZAC Cove was a popular [[swim]]ming beach for the soldiers — at ANZAC it was a struggle to supply sufficient [[water]] for drinking, there was rarely any available for washing. When swimming, most soldiers disregarded all but the fiercest shelling rather than interrupt the one luxury available to them. Concealed Turkish snipers also targeted swimming soldiers.
On [[Anzac Day]] in 1985, the name "Anzac Cove" was officially recognised by the Turkish government. The ANZAC Day dawn service was held at Ari Burnu [[Cemetery]] within the cove until 1999 when the number of people attending outgrew the site. A purpose built "Anzac Commemorative Site" was constructed nearby on North Beach in time for the 2000 service.
Over the years, ANZAC Cove beach has been degraded by [[erosion]], and the construction of the coast road from Gaba Tepe to [[Suvla]], originally started by Australian engineers just prior to the evacuation of ANZAC in December 1915, resulted in the beach being further reduced and bounded by a steep earth embankment. The only way onto the beach was via the [[Commonwealth War Graves Commission|CWGC]] cemeteries at each headland, Ari Burnu Cemetery, and [[Beach Commonwealth War Graves Commission Cemetery|Beach Cemetery]].
<center><gallery>
Image:Anzaccove3.JPG|View of Anzac Cove and surrounding area
Image:Anzac Cove beach 2004.jpg|View of Anzac Cove from [[Ari Burnu]], July [[2004]].
</gallery></center>
In 2003 the [[Australian government]] announced that it was negotiating with Turkey to place Anzac Cove on the National Heritage List, which included Australian sites such as the [[Eureka Stockade]] gardens. However this request was dismissed by the [[Turkish government]] as the [[Gallipoli]] peninsula itself is Turkish territory and already a national park in the Turkish National Park System. In 2004 the Australian Minister for Veteran's Affairs, [[Danna Vale]], made a request to the Turkish authorities that roadworks be carried out in the area. In 2005, the resultant efforts to widen the road to provide a bus parking area for the Commemorative Site covered some of the remaining beach, making it impossible to traverse, and cut into Plugge's Plateau, making the path to the summit and Plugge's Plateau Cemetery impassable. Concerns were expressed that human remains from unmarked [[Grave (burial)|graves]] may have been uncovered and discarded.
On [[18 October]] [[2005]] the former federal minister for veterans affairs, [[Danna Vale]], called for the battlefield to be recreated in Australia, saying that the physical similarity between the end of the [[Mornington Peninsula]], in [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]], and ANZAC Cove, in Turkey, is "uncanny".<ref name = "SMH">{{cite web | url = http://www.smh.com.au/news/national/its-a-long-way-to-gallipoli--so-create-one-here/2005/10/17/1129401198284.html | title = It’s a long way to Gallipoli, so create one here | work = National News | publisher = SMH | date = 2005-10-17}}</ref>
==References==
<references />
{{Commons|Anzac Cove}}
[[Category:Gallipoli Campaign]]
[[Category:Coves]]
[[kk:АНЗАК қойнауы]]
[[hu:ANZAC-öböl]]
[[no:Anzac Cove]]
[[pl:Zatoka Anzac]]' |
New page wikitext, after the edit (new_wikitext) | '{{coord|40|14|46|N|26|16|40|E|display=title}} [[Image:Anzac Cove.jpg|thumb|right|350px|Anzac Cove looking towards [[Ari Burnu]], 1915.]]
'''ANZAC Cove''' ({{lang-tr|Anzak Koyu}}) is a small cove on the Gallipoli peninsula in Turkey. It became famous as the site of [[World War I]] landing of the ANZAC ([[Australian and New Zealand Army Corps]]) on April 25 1915. The cove is a mere 600m long, bounded by the headlands of [[Ari Burnu]] to the north and Little Ari Burnu, known as [[Hell Spit]], to the south. Following the [[landing at Anzac Cove]], the beach became the main base for the [[Australia]]n and [[New Zealand]] troops for the eight months of the [[Battle of Gallipoli]].
The first objective for soldiers coming ashore in enemy-held territory was to establish a beachhead, that is, a safe section of beach protected from enemy attack where supplies and extra troops could be safely brought ashore.
ANZAC Cove was always within kilometre of the front-line, well within the range of Turkish [[artillery]] though spurs from the high ground of [[Plugge's Plateau]], which rose above Ari Burnu, provided some protection. General [[William Birdwood, 1st Baron Birdwood|William Birdwood]], commander of ANZAC, made his headquarters in a gully overlooking the cove, as did the commanders of the [[New Zealand and Australian Division]] and the [[Australian 1st Division]]. It was on [[29 April]] that General Birdwood recommended that the original landing site between the two headlands be known as "ANZAC Cove" and that the surrounding, hitherto nameless, area occupied by his corps be known as "ANZAC".
[[Image:Anzac Beach 4th Bn landing 8am April 25 1915.jpg|thumb|left|250px|Australian 4th Battalion troops landing in Anzac Cove, 25 April 1915.]]
The beach itself became an enormous supply dump and two field [[hospital]]s were established, one at either end. Four floating [[jetty|jetties]] were quickly constructed for the landing of stores, later replaced in July by a permanent structure known as "Watson's Pier". The volume of stores quickly overflowed onto the adjacent beaches; firstly onto "[[Brighton Beach (Gallipoli)|Brighton Beach]]" to the south of the cove and later onto [[North Beach (Gallipoli)|North Beach]] beyond Ari Burnu. Three [[radio|wireless radio]] stations were established on the beach to maintain contact with the fleet.
[[Image:Attaturkswords5.jpg|thumb|200px|Memorial of Anzac Cove; commemorating the thousands of lost [[Ottoman Turks|Turkish]] and [[Australian and New Zealand Army Corps|Anzac]] soldiers in [[Battle of Gallipoli|Gallipoli]]. {{quote|Those heroes that shed their blood and lost their lives… you are now lying in the soil of a friendly country. Therefore rest in peace. There is no difference between the Johnnies and the Mehmets where they lie side by side here in this country of ours… You the mothers who sent their sons from far away countries, wipe away your tears. Your sons are now lying in our bosom and are in peace. Having lost their lives on this land they have become our sons as well.|[[Atatürk]]}}]]
While the cove was relatively sheltered from shellfire from across the peninsula — the Chanak forts, as well as the Turkish [[battleship]]s [[Ottoman battleship Turgut Reis|''Turgut Reis'']] and [[Ottoman battleship Barbaros hayreddin|''Barbaros hayreddin'']] anchored in the [[Dardanelles]], shelled the waters off the cove — it was partially exposed to view from [[Gaba Tepe]] to the south and completely open to view from Nibrunesi Point at the southern tip of [[Suvla Bay]] to the north. Nibrunesi Point was under the guns of the [[Royal Navy]] so was never used to fire on ANZAC, however the well-concealed Turkish battery at Gaba Tepe, known as "Beachy Bill", was a constant menace.
Despite the shelling, ANZAC Cove was a popular [[swim]]ming beach for the soldiers — at ANZAC it was a struggle to supply sufficient [[water]] for drinking, there was rarely any available for washing. When swimming, most soldiers disregarded all but the fiercest shelling rather than interrupt the one luxury available to them. Concealed Turkish snipers also targeted swimming soldiers.
On [[Anzac Day]] in 1985, the name "Anzac Cove" was officially recognised by the Turkish government. The ANZAC Day dawn service was held at Ari Burnu [[Cemetery]] within the cove until 1999 when the number of people attending outgrew the site. A purpose built "Anzac Commemorative Site" was constructed nearby on North Beach in time for the 2000 service.
Over the years, ANZAC Cove beach has been degraded by [[erosion]], and the construction of the coast road from Gaba Tepe to [[Suvla]], originally started by Australian engineers just prior to the evacuation of ANZAC in December 1915, resulted in the beach being further reduced and bounded by a steep earth embankment. The only way onto the beach was via the [[Commonwealth War Graves Commission|CWGC]] cemeteries at each headland, Ari Burnu Cemetery, and [[Beach Commonwealth War Graves Commission Cemetery|Beach Cemetery]].
<center><gallery>
Image:Anzaccove3.JPG|View of Anzac Cove and surrounding area
Image:Anzac Cove beach 2004.jpg|View of Anzac Cove from [[Ari Burnu]], July [[2004]].
</gallery></center>
In 2003 the [[Australian government]] announced that it was negotiating with Turkey to place Anzac Cove on the National Heritage List, which included Australian sites such as the [[Eureka Stockade]] gardens. However this request was dismissed by the [[Turkish government]] as the [[Gallipoli]] peninsula itself is Turkish territory and already a national park in the Turkish National Park System. In 2004 the Australian Minister for Veteran's Affairs, [[Danna Vale]], made a request to the Turkish authorities that roadworks be carried out in the area. In 2005, the resultant efforts to widen the road to provide a bus parking area for the Commemorative Site covered some of the remaining beach, making it impossible to traverse, and cut into Plugge's Plateau, making the path to the summit and Plugge's Plateau Cemetery impassable. Concerns were expressed that human remains from unmarked [[Grave (burial)|graves]] may have been uncovered and discarded.
On [[18 October]] [[2005]] the former federal minister for veterans affairs, [[Danna Vale]], called for the battlefield to be recreated in Australia, saying that the physical similarity between the end of the [[Mornington Peninsula]], in [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]], and ANZAC Cove, in Turkey, is "uncanny".<ref name = "SMH">{{cite web | url = http://www.smh.com.au/news/national/its-a-long-way-to-gallipoli--so-create-one-here/2005/10/17/1129401198284.html | title = It’s a long way to Gallipoli, so create one here | work = National News | publisher = SMH | date = 2005-10-17}}</ref>
==References==
<references />
{{Commons|Anzac Cove}}
[[Category:Gallipoli Campaign]]
[[Category:Coves]]
[[kk:АНЗАК қойнауы]]
[[hu:ANZAC-öböl]]
[[no:Anzac Cove]]
[[pl:Zatoka Anzac]]
http://www.anzacdayreservation.com<br />
http://www.gallipoliexperience.com' |
