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'{{Infobox Israel municipality | name = Petah Tikva | emblem = Coat of arms of Petah-Tiqua.svg | emblem_type = Emblem of Petah Tikva | image_skyline = File:Park Azorim 026.jpg | image_caption =Petah Tikva High-Tech Park | hebname = {{lang-he-a|פֶּתַח תִּקְוָה|Petah tikva3.ogg}} | arname = {{lang|ar|بتاح تكفا}} | meaning = Opening of hope | coordinates = {{coord|32|05|19.78|N|34|53|10.8|E|region:IL|format=dms|display=inline,title}} | founded = 1878 | type = city | typefrom = 1937 | altOffSp = Petah Tiqwa | altUnoSp = Petach Tikvah | country = israel | district = center | popyear = {{Israel populations|Year}} | population = {{Israel populations|Petah Tiqwa}} | population_footnotes = {{Israel populations|reference}} | area_dunam = 35868 | mayor = Itzik Braverman (Mayor-elect [[Rami Greenberg]]) | website = http://www.petah-tikva.muni.il/ }} '''Petah Tikva''' ({{lang-he-n|פֶּתַח תִּקְוָה}}, {{IPA-he|ˌpe.taχ ˈtik.va|IPA}}, "Opening of Hope"), also known as ''Em HaMoshavot'' ("Mother of the ''[[Moshava|Moshavot]]''"), is a city in the [[Central District (Israel)|Central District]] of [[Israel]], {{convert|10.6|km|2|abbr=on}} east of [[Tel Aviv]]. It was founded in 1878, mainly by Orthodox Jews of the [[Old Yishuv]], and became a permanent settlement in 1883 with the financial help of [[Edmond James de Rothschild|Baron Edmond de Rothschild]]. In {{Israel populations|Year}} the city had a population of {{Israel populations|Petah Tiqwa}}.{{Israel populations|reference}} Its population density is approximately {{convert|6277|PD/km2}}. Its jurisdiction covers 35,868 [[dunam]]s (~35.9&nbsp;km² or 15 sq&nbsp;mi). Petah Tikva is part of the [[Tel Aviv Metropolitan Area]]. ==Etymology== The name of Petah Tikva was chosen by its founders in 1878 from the prophecy of [[Hosea]] (2:15, 2:17 Jewish), "And I will give her vineyards from thence, and the Valley of Achor for an ''opening of hope'': and she shall sing there, as in the days of her youth, and as in the day when she came up out of the land of Egypt." Petah Tikva's emblem appears on a [[postage stamp]] designed by Yitzhak Goldenhirsch, a founding member of Petah Tikva. The plow symbolizes Petah Tikva's origins as an agricultural settlement, the field symbolizes the drying of the [[Yarkon River]] swamps and cultivation of the land, and the orange tree symbolizes Petah Tikva's citrus industry, starting with the first tree planted by Rabbi [[Aryeh Leib Frumkin]]. The emblem is inscribed by a verse from the Bible: "He who works his land will have abundant bread." (Proverbs 12:11) ==History== ===Crusader era=== Khirbat Mulabbis, dating to the Ottoman era, is believed to have been built on the site of the Crusader village of Bulbus, an identification proposed in the nineteenth century by French scholar J. Delaville Le Roulx. A Crusader source from 1133 CE states that the Count of Jaffa granted the land to the Hospitaller order, including “the mill/mills of the three bridges” (“des moulins des trios ponts”). The Ottoman village of Mulebbis appears at this site on the British survey map.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hadashot-esi.org.il/report_detail_eng.aspx?id=2321|title=Volume 125 Year 2013 Petah Tiqwa, Kh. Mulabbis|website=www.hadashot-esi.org.il}}</ref> [[File:PetachTikwa.jpg|thumb|Petah Tikva, 1912]] ===Ottoman era=== Petah Tikva was founded in 1878 by religious pioneers from Europe, who were led by [[Yehoshua Stampfer]], Moshe Shmuel Raab, Yoel Moshe Salomon, [[Zerach Barnett]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rishonim.org.il/petach-tikva/info/founder_show.aspx?id=51 |script-title=he:זאב וולף ברנדה ז"ל |language=Hebrew |trans-title=Ze'ev Wolf Branda memorial |publisher=Rishonim.org.il |date= |accessdate=September 16, 2011}}</ref> and David Gutmann, as well as [[Lithuania]]n Rabbi [[Aryeh Leib Frumkin]] who built the first house there.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chiefrabbi.org/ReadArtical.aspx?id=447 |title=Future Tense – Israel at 60: A Dream Fulfilled |publisher=Office of the Chief Rabbi |date=December 2007 |accessdate=16 April 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100613014131/http://chiefrabbi.org/ReadArtical.aspx?id=447 |archivedate=June 13, 2010 }}</ref> It was the first modern Jewish agricultural settlement in [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] [[Southern Syria]] (hence its nickname as "Mother of the [[Moshava|Moshavot]]") and has since grown to become one of Israel's most populous urban centers. [[File:PikiWiki Israel 1204 Settlements in Israel פתח תקוה העיריה הישנה.jpg|thumb|Petah Tikva in the 1920s]] Originally intending to establish a new settlement in the [[Achor Valley]], near [[Jericho]], the pioneers purchased land in that area. However, [[Abdul Hamid II|Abdülhamid II]] cancelled the purchase and forbade them from settling there, but they retained the name Petah Tikva as a symbol of their aspirations. In 1878 the founders of Petah Tikva learned of the availability of land northeast of Jaffa near the village of Mulabes (or Umlabes). The land was owned by two [[Christians|Christian]] businessmen from Jaffa, Antoine Bishara Tayan and Selim Qassar, and was worked by some thirty tenant farmers. Tayan’s property was the larger, some 8,500 dunams, but much of it was in the malarial swamp of the [[Yarkon River|Yarkon Valley]]. Qassar’s property, approximately 3,500 dunams, lay a few kilometers to the south of the Yarkon, away from the swampland. It was Qassar's that was purchased on July 30, 1878. Tayan’s holdings were purchased when a second group of settlers, known as the Yarkonim, arrived in Petah Tikva the following year.<ref>{{harvtxt|Avneri|1984|p=71}}; {{harvtxt|Glass|Kark|1991|pp=137–138}}; {{harvtxt|Ben Ezer|2013}} has a more detailed discussion of the Yarkonim, in Hebrew.</ref> [[Ottoman Sultan]] [[Abdul Hamid II]] allowed the purchase because of the poor quality of the land.<ref>{{cite book |last= Yaari|first= Avraham|date= 1958|title= The Goodly Heritage: Memoirs Describing the Life of the Jewish Community of Eretz Yisrael From the Seventeenth to the Twentieth Centuries|location= Jerusalem|publisher= Youth and Hechalutz Dept. of the Zionist Organization|others= (Translated and abridged by Israel Schen; edited by Isaac Halevy-Levin)|isbn= |page=93}}</ref> A malaria epidemic broke out in 1880, forcing the abandonment of the settlements on both holdings.<ref>{{harvtxt|Yaari|1958|pp=89–93}} suggests that the colonists began to abandon Petah Tikva in late 1880, and had all left in 1881.</ref> Those who remained in the area moved south to [[Yehud]]. After Petah Tikva was reoccupied by [[Bilu]] immigrants in 1883 some of the original families returned. With funding for swamp drainage provided by Baron [[Edmond de Rothschild]], the colony became more stable.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://jafi.org/JewishAgency/English/Jewish+Education/Compelling+Content/Eye+on+Israel/Places+in+Israel/Petah+Tikvah.htm |title=Petah Tikva |date= |website=The Jewish Agency for Israel |accessdate=17 July 2014}}</ref> During the [[Sinai and Palestine Campaign]] of [[World War I]], Petah Tikva served as a refugee town for residents of Tel Aviv and [[Jaffa]], following their exile by the Ottoman authorities due to their refusal to serve the Ottoman army to fight the invading British forces. The town suffered heavily as it lay between the Ottoman and British fronts during the war. ===1917–1948=== [[File:Zoltan Kluger. Petach Tikvah.jpg|thumb|Aerial view of Petah Tikva, late 1930s]] In the early 1920s, industry began to develop in the Petah Tikva region. In 1921, Petah Tikva was given the status of a [[local council (Israel)|local council]] by the British authorities. Petah Tikva was also the scene of Arab rioting in May 1921, which left four Jews dead.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jafi.org.il/education/100/PLACES/pt.html|title=Petah Tikvah|publisher=[[Jewish Agency for Israel]]|accessdate=October 21, 2008|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081121185310/http://www.jafi.org.il/education/100/PLACES/pt.html|archivedate=November 21, 2008|df=}}</ref> According to a [[1931 census of Palestine|census]] conducted in 1931 by the [[Mandatory Palestine|British Mandate authorities]], Petah Tikva had a population of 6880 inhabitants, in 1688 houses.<ref name="Census1931">Mills, 1932, p. [https://archive.org/details/CensusOfPalestine1931.PopulationOfVillagesTownsAndAdministrativeAreas 14]</ref> In 1937 it was recognized as a city. Its first mayor, [[Shlomo Stampfer]], was the son of one of its founders, [[Yehoshua Stampfer]]. Petah-Tikva, which largely depended on citrus farming, was considered by both the British government and the Jaffa Electric Company as a potentially important consumer of electricity for irrigation. The Auja Concession, which was given to the Jaffa Electric Company on 1921, specifically referred to the relatively large Jewish settlement of Petah-Tikva. But it was only in late 1929 that the company submitted an irrigation scheme for Petah-Tikva, and it was yet to be approved by the government in 1930.<ref>{{cite book |last=Shamir |first=Ronen |date=2013 |title=Current Flow: The Electrification of Palestine |publisher=Stanford University Press |isbn=978-0804787062}}</ref> In the 1930s, the pioneering founders of [[Kibbutz Yavneh]] from the [[Religious Zionism|Religious Zionist movement]] immigrated to the [[Mandatory Palestine|British Mandate of Palestine]], settling near Petah Tikva on land purchased by a Jewish-owned German company. Refining the agricultural skills they learned in Germany, these pioneers began in 1941 to build their kibbutz in its intended location in the south of Israel, operating from Petah Tikva as a base. ==Urban development== [[File:Em HaMoshavot, Petah Tikva, 2008.jpg|thumb|New housing under construction in 2008]] [[File:Grand Mall in Petah Tikva.JPG|thumb|Grand Mall]] After the creation of the State of Israel in 1948, several adjoining villages&nbsp;– Amishav and [[Ein Ganim]] to the east (named after the biblical village (Joshua 15:34)), Kiryat Matalon to the west, towards [[Bnei Brak]], Kfar Ganim and Mahaneh Yehuda to the south and Kfar Avraham on the north&nbsp;– were merged into the municipal boundaries of Petah Tikva, giving it a significant population boost to 22,000. Nowadays,{{when|date=January 2018}} with a population of over two hundred thousand inhabitants Petah Tikva is the third most populous city in the [[Tel Aviv Metropolitan Area]] ("Gush Dan"). Petah Tikva is divided into 33 neighborhoods for municipal purposes.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.petah-tikva.muni.il/Openning_maps.asp |title=Connect to the Neighborhood |publisher=Petah Tikva municipality |accessdate=July 19, 2008 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080411010755/http://www.petah-tikva.muni.il/Openning_maps.asp |archivedate=April 11, 2008 }}</ref> ==Economy== [[File:Azorim Park PT.jpg|thumb|Azorim high-tech park]] Petah Tikva is the second-largest industrial sector in Israel after the northern city of [[Haifa]]. The industry is divided into three zones—Kiryat Aryeh (named after [[Aryeh Shenkar]], founder and first president of the [[Manufacturers Association of Israel]] and a pioneer in the Israeli textile industry), Kiryat Matalon (named after Moshe Yitzhak Matalon), and Segula, and includes textiles, metalwork, carpentry, plastics, processed foods, tires and other rubber products, and soap. Numerous [[high-tech]] companies and start-ups have moved into the industrial zones of Petah Tikva, which now house the Israeli headquarters for the [[Oracle Corporation]], [[IBM]], [[Intel]], [[Alcatel-Lucent]], [[ECI Telecom]], and [[GlaxoSmithKline]] Pharmaceuticals. The largest [[data center]] in Israel, operated by the company TripleC, is also located in Petah Tikva.<ref>[http://www.thecom.co.il/article.php?id=11200 Thecom.co.il] {{he icon}} {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101129020138/http://www.thecom.co.il/article.php?id=11200 |date=November 29, 2010 }}</ref> Furthermore, the Israeli [[Teva Pharmaceutical Industries|Teva]] company, the world's largest generic drug manufacturer, is headquartered in Petah Tikva. One of Israel's leading food processing corporations, [[Osem (company)|Osem]] opened in Petah Tikva in 1976 and has since been joined by the company's administrative offices, distribution center and sauce factory. [[Strauss Group|Strauss]] is also based in Petach Tikva. Over time, the extensive citrus groves that once ringed Petah Tikva have disappeared as real-estate developers acquired the land for construction projects. Many new neighborhoods are going up in and around Petah Tikva. A quarry for building stone is located east of Petah Tikva. As well as general [[hi-tech]] firms, Petah Tikva has developed a position as a base for many communications firms. As such, the headquarters of the [[Bezeq International]] international phone company is located in the Kiryat Matalon industrial zone as are those of the [[012 Smile]] [[Internet Service Provider]]. The headquarters of [[Tadiran Telecom]] are in the Ramat Siv industrial zone. [[Arutz Sheva]], the right wing [[Religious Zionism|Religious Zionist]] Israeli media network, operates an internet radio studio in Petah Tikva, where Arutz Sheva internet TV is located as well as the printing press for its ''B'Sheva'' newspaper. The Israeli secret service, [[Shin Bet]], has an interrogation facility in Petah Tikva.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.btselem.org/english/publications/summaries/201010_kept_in_the_dark.asp |title=Kept in the Dark |publisher=B'Tselem |date=October 2010 |accessdate=September 15, 2011}}</ref> ==Transportation== {{main article|Transportation in Petah Tikva}} [[File:Caltrava bridge in Petah Tikva01.jpg|thumb|right|Bridge designed by [[Santiago Calatrava]]]] Petah Tikva is served by a large number of buses. A large number of intercity [[Egged (company)|Egged]] buses stop there, and the city has a network of local buses operated by the [[Kavim]] company. The [[Dan bus company]] operates lines to [[Ramat Gan]], [[Bnei Brak]] and [[Tel Aviv]]. Petah Tikva's largest bus terminal is the Petah Tikva Central Bus Station (Tahana Merkazit), while other major stations are located near [[Beilinson Hospital]] and [[Beit Rivka]]. A [[rapid transit]]/[[light rail]] system is in the works that will connect Petah Tikva to [[Bnei Brak]], [[Ramat Gan]], [[Tel Aviv]] and [[Bat Yam]]. [[Israel Railways]] maintains two suburban railroad stations in Segula and Kiryat Aryeh, in the northern part of the city. A central train station near the main bus station is envisioned as part of Israel Railways's long-term expansion plan. There are eight taxi fleets based in Petah Tikva, and the city is bordered by three of the major vehicle arteries in Israel: Geha Highway ([[Highway 4 (Israel)|Highway 4]]) on the west, the Trans-Samaria Highway ([[Highway 5 (Israel)|Highway 5]]) on the north, and the Trans-Israel Highway ([[Highway 6 (Israel)|Highway 6]]) on the east. [[Santiago Calatrava]]'s bridge, a {{convert|164|ft|m}} long span Y-shaped cable-stayed pedestrian [[three-way bridge]] connecting Rabin Hospital to a shopping mall, a residential development and a public park. The structure is supported from a {{convert|95|ft|m|adj=on}} high inclined steel pylon, which is situated where the three spans intersect. Light in construction, the bridge is built principally of steel with a glass-paved deck.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.worldarchitecturenews.com/index.php?fuseaction=wanappln.projectview&upload_id=747 |date=December 15, 2006| title=Calatrava in Israel: Museum exhibition lands 's Calatrava first project in Israel | publisher=World Architecture News |accessdate=February 5, 2014}}</ref> ==Local government== [[File:PetahTikvaMunicipalityBuilding.jpg|thumb|Petah Tikva City Hall]] Petah Tikva's history of government goes back to 1880, when the pioneers elected a council of seven members to run the new colony. From 1880 to 1921, members of the council were David Meir Guttman, Yehoshua Stampfer, [[Ze'ev Wolf Branda]], [[Abraham Ze'ev Lipkis]], [[Yitzhak Goldenhirsch]], [[Chaim Cohen-Rice]], [[Moshe Gissin]], [[Shlomo Zalman Gissin]] and [[Akiva Librecht]]. This governing body was declared a local council in 1921, and Petah Tikva became a city in 1937. [[Kadima]], the political party founded by former Israeli prime minister [[Ariel Sharon]] and now headed by [[Tzipi Livni]], has its headquarters in Petah Tikva.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://fr.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1189411442925&pagename=JPost/JPArticle/ShowFull |last=Hoffman |first=Gil |title=Olmert Moves to Keep Kadima United |publisher=[[The Jerusalem Post]] |date=September 20, 2007 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110923125007/http://fr.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1189411442925&pagename=JPost%2FJPArticle%2FShowFull |archivedate=September 23, 2011 |accessdate=February 5, 2014 |deadurl=yes |df= }}</ref> ===Council heads=== *Shlomo Zalman Gissin (1921) *Pinchas Meiri (1922–1928)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://muni.tik-tak.co.il/WEBPRO/project/katava1.asp?codeClient=902&CodeSubWeb=0&id=26586&projId=3673 |script-title=he:הנהגת הישוב, השלטון המקומי והעומדים בראשם |language=Hebrew |trans-title=Community Leadership, local government and their leaders |publisher=Petah Tikva Summit |date= |accessdate=September 16, 2011}}</ref> *Shlomo Stampfer (1928–1937) ===Mayors=== {{Div col}} *[[Shlomo Stampfer]] (1938–1940) *[[Yosef Sapir]] (1940–1950) *[[Mordechai Kraufman]] (1951) *[[Pinchas Rashish]] (1951–1966) *[[Yisrael Feinberg]] (1966–1978) *[[Dov Tavori]] (1978–1989) *[[Giora Lev]] (1989–1999) *[[Yitzhak Ohayon]] (1999–2013) *[[Uri Ohad]] (2013) *[[Itzik Braverman]] (2013–2018) *[[Rami Greenberg]] (2018–)<ref>https://en.globes.co.il/en/article-kalisch-rotem-takes-haifa-huldai-keeps-tel-aviv-1001258621</ref> {{Div col end}} ==Schools and religious institutions== [[File:Petah Tikva Great Synagogue.jpg|thumb|right|[[Great Synagogue (Petah Tikva)|Great Synagogue]], Petah Tikva]] Petah Tikva is home to 300 educational institutions from kindergarten through high school, catering to the secular, religious and [[Haredi]] populations. There are over 43,000 students enrolled in these schools, which are staffed by some 2,400 teachers. In 2006, five schools participated in the nationwide [[Mofet]] program, which promotes academic excellence.{{Citation needed|date=February 2007}} Petah Tikva has seventeen public libraries, the main one located in the city hall building.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fsk-ko-pt.de/?page_id=65&lang=en|title=Petah Tikva today|work=Koblenz–Petah Tikva Friendship Circle|accessdate=November 6, 2013}}</ref> Some 70,000 Orthodox Jews live in Petah Tikva. The community of Petah Tikva is served by 300 synagogues,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tehilla.com/aliya/places.asp?id=60 |title=Places to Live&nbsp;– Petah Tikvah |publisher=Tehilla&nbsp;– Pilot Trips |accessdate=October 21, 2008 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080323113440/http://www.tehilla.com/aliya/places.asp?id=60 |archivedate=March 23, 2008 }}</ref> including the 120-year-old [[Great Synagogue (Petah Tikva)|Great Synagogue]],<ref>{{cite news|url=http://pogrom.org.il/eng_articles.php?art_id=21|title=Petah Tikva Synagogue Desecrated|author=Stoil, Rebecca Anna|publisher=[[The Jerusalem Post]], cited in Pogrom.co.il|date=May 4, 2006|accessdate=October 21, 2008}}</ref> eight [[mikvah|mikvaot]] (ritual baths)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.petah-tikva.muni.il/htmls/hebrew/dat_mikveot.asp |title=List of Mikvaot in the City |publisher=Petah Tikva municipality |accessdate=October 21, 2008 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090101092917/http://www.petah-tikva.muni.il/htmls/hebrew/dat_mikveot.asp |archivedate=January 1, 2009 }}</ref> and two major [[Haredi]] [[Yeshiva|yeshivot]], ''Lomzhe Yeshiva'' and ''Or-Yisrael'' (founded by the [[Chazon Ish]], Rabbi Avraham Yeshayahu Karelitz). [[Yeshivat Hesder Petah Tikva]], a modern-orthodox [[Hesder]] Yeshiva affiliated with the [[Religious Zionist]] movement, directed by Rabbi Yuval Cherlow, is also located in Petah Tikva. Additionally, Rav Michael Laitman, PhD in Philosophy and Kabbalah, daily leads 200-300 students and hundreds of thousands virtually (some estimates of up to 2 million) in the method of Kabbalah learned from his teacher Rav Baruch Shalom HaLevi Ashlag, known as the RABASH. Petah Tikva has two cemeteries: Segula Cemetery, east of the city, and Yarkon Cemetery, to the northeast. ==Health care== [[File:PTBeilinson.jpg|thumb|[[Rabin Medical Center]] (Belinson)]] Six hospitals are located in the city. The [[Rabin Medical Center]] Beilinson complex includes the Beilinson Medical Center, the Davidoff Oncologic Center, the Geha Psychiatric Hospital, the [[Schneider Children's Medical Center|Schneider Pediatric Hospital]] and Tel Aviv University's Faculty of Medical Research. Other medical facilities in Petah Tikva are HaSharon Hospital, the Beit Rivka Geriatric Center, the Kupat Holim Medical Research Center and a private hospital, Ramat Marpeh, affiliated with Assuta Hospital. The [[Schneider Children's Medical Center|Schneider Pediatric Center]] is one of the largest and most modern children's hospitals in the Middle East. In addition, there are many family health clinics in Petah Tikva as well as Kupat Holim clinics operated by Israel's [[health maintenance organization]]s. ==Landmarks and cultural institutions== [[File:PetahTikva FoundersSquare.jpg|thumb|Founders' Square]] Petah Tikva's Independence Park includes a zoo at its northeastern edge, the Museum of Man and Nature, a memorial to the victims of the 1921 Arab riots, an archaeological display, Yad Labanim soldiers memorial, a local history museum, a Holocaust museum and the [[Petah Tikva Museum of Art]].<ref>{{cite journal |jstor=30245584 |journal=Israel Studies|title=Sleep, Teddy Bear, Sleep: Independence Park, Petach Tikva: An Israeli Realm of Memory |author=Tamar Berger |volume=2 |issue=2 |date=Summer 2002 |pages=1–32 |publisher=Indiana University Press |doi=10.2979/isr.2002.7.2.1}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://english.leumi.co.il/Articles/28365/ |title=Petach Tikva Museum Hosted at Leumi Bet Mani House |publisher=Bank Leumi |date= |accessdate=2013-06-19 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130327030117/http://english.leumi.co.il/Articles/28365/ |archivedate=2013-03-27 |df= }}</ref> ==Arab–Israeli conflict== During the [[Second Intifada]], Petah Tikva suffered three terrorist attacks: On May 27, 2002, a suicide bomber blew himself up at a small cafe outside a shopping mall, leaving two dead, including a baby;<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/Facts+About+Israel/Israel+in+Maps/2000-2004-+Major+Terror+Attacks.htm |title=2000-2006: Major Terror Attacks |publisher=Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs |date= |accessdate=September 16, 2011}}</ref> on December 25, 2003, a suicide bomber blew himself up at a bus stop near the Geha bridge, killing 4 civilians, and on February 5, 2006, a Palestinian got into a shuttle taxi, pulled out a knife, and began stabbing passengers killing two of them, but a worker from a nearby factory hit him with a log, subduing him. ==Sports== [[File:Petah Tikva HaMoshava Stadium 2.jpg|thumb|[[HaMoshava Stadium]]]] The main stadium in Petah Tikva is the 11,500-seat [[HaMoshava Stadium]]. Petah Tikva has two [[Association football|football]] teams&nbsp;– [[Hapoel Petah Tikva F.C.]] and [[Maccabi Petah Tikva F.C.]]. The local baseball team, the [[Petach Tikva Pioneers]], played in the inaugural 2007 season of the [[Israel Baseball League]]. The league folded the following year. In 2014, Hapoel Petah Tikva's women's soccer team recruited five [[Arab-Israeli]] women to play on the team. One of them is now a team captain.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.haaretz.com/life/sports/1.587049|title=Israeli Soccer Team Breaks New Ground: Recruits Arab Women|first=The Associated|last=Press|date=24 April 2014|publisher=|via=Haaretz}}</ref> ==Notable residents== [[File:MoranBuzovski_DSC3074_799_1200.jpg|thumb|right|upright|[[Moran Buzovsky]]]] [[File:Zahava Galon.jpg|thumb|right|upright|[[Zehava Gal-On]]]] [[File:Pnina Rosenblum.jpg|thumb|right|upright|[[Pnina Rosenblum]]]] * [[Yehuda Amichai]] (1924–2000), poet * [[Hannah Barnett-Trager]] (1870–1943), wrote about early Petah Tikva<ref name=book1>{{cite book|title=Pioneers in Palestine: Stories of One of the First Settlers in Petach Tikvah|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_N4hAAAAMAAJ|year=1923|publisher=G. Routledge & sons, Limited}}</ref> * [[Hanoch Bartov]] (b. 1926 in Petah Tikva), author * [[Mor Bulis]] (b. 1996 in Petah Tikva), tennis player * [[Tal Burstein]] (b. 1980 in Petah Tikva), basketball player * [[Moran Buzovski]] (b. 1992), Olympic rhythmic gymnast * [[Shmuel Dayan]] (1891–1968), Zionist activist * [[Israel Finkelstein]] (b. 1949 in Petah Tikva), archaeologist * [[Dudu Fisher]] (b. 1951 in Petah Tikva), cantor and stage performer * [[Gal Gadot]] (b. 1985), actress and model * [[Zehava Gal-On]] (b. 1956), [[Meretz]] politician * [[A. D. Gordon]] (1856–1922), Labor Zionist ideologue * [[Tamar Gozansky]] (b. 1940 in Petah Tikva), politician * [[Avraham Grant]] (b. 1955 in Petah Tikva), football coach * [[Tzofit Grant]] (b. 1964 in Petah Tikva), television personality * [[Tzachi Halevy]] (b. 1975 in Petah Tikva), film and television actor, singer * [[Simcha Jacobovici]] (b. 1953 in Petah Tikva), filmmaker * [[Yosef Karduner]] (b. 1969 in Petah Tikva), [[Hasidic Judaism|Hasidic]] singer-songwriter * [[Haim Kaufman]] (1934–1995), Knesset member * [[Yehoshua Kenaz]] (b. 1937 in Petah Tikva), novelist * [[Itzik Kol]] (1932–2007), television and movie producer * [[Alona Koshevatskiy]] (b. 1997), Olympic [[rhythmic gymnast]] * [[Amnon Krauz]] (b. 1952), Olympic swimmer * [[Karina Lykhvar]] (b. 1998), Olympic rhythmic gymnast * [[Samir Naqqash]] (1938–2004), Iraqi-Jewish author * [[Zvi Nishri]] (Orloff) (1878–1973), physical education pioneer * [[Uri Orbach]] (1960–2015), [[The Jewish Home]] politician, journalist and writer * [[Elyakum Ostashinski]] (1909–1983, b. in Petah Tikva), first mayor of [[Rishon LeZion]] * [[Leah Rabin]] (1928–2000), wife of Israeli prime minister [[Yitzhak Rabin]] * [[Neta Rivkin]] (b. 1991), rhythmic gymnast * [[Pnina Rosenblum]] (b. 1954 in Petah Tikva), actress, fashion model, businesswoman and politician * [[Nimrod Kamer]] (b. 1981), is a poet and class warrior residing in London * [[Michal Rozin]] (b. 1969), [[Meretz]] politician * [[Rami Saari]] (b. 1963 in Petah Tikva), poet, translator and linguist * [[Dan Shechtman]] (b. 1941), winner of Nobel Prize for Chemistry<ref>{{cite web|last=Shtull |first=Asaf |url=http://www.haaretz.com/weekend/magazine/clear-as-crystal-1.353504 |title=Clear as crystal |work=Haaretz |date=2011-04-01 |accessdate=2013-06-19}}</ref> * [[Sigal Shachmon]] (b. 1971), model, actress and television presenter * [[Giora Spiegel]] (b. 1947 in Petah Tikva), football player and coach * [[Nahum Stelmach]] (1936–1999), football player * [[Pnina Tamano-Shata]] (b. 1981), [[Yesh Atid]] politician ==International relations== {{See also|List of Israeli twin towns and sister cities}} ===Twin towns&nbsp;— sister cities=== {{refimprove section|date=December 2017}} Petah Tikva is [[town twinning|twinned]] with: {| class="wikitable" |- valign="top" | *{{flagicon|USA|35px}} '''[[Chicago|Chicago, Illinois]]''', United States *{{flagicon|GER}} '''[[Koblenz]]''', Germany *{{flagicon|ROU}} '''[[Bacău]]''', Romania *{{flagicon|TUR}} '''[[Kadıköy]]''', Turkey *{{flagicon|CHI}} '''[[Las Condes]]''', Chile *{{flagicon|CAN}} '''[[Laval, Quebec|Laval]]''', Canada || *{{flagicon|DEN}} '''[[Odense Municipality|Odense]]''' municipality, Denmark *{{flagicon|NOR}} '''[[Trondheim]]''', Norway <small>(since 1975)<ref name="Trondheim">{{cite web|url=http://www.trondheim.com/content.ap?thisId=93081934 |title=Trondheims offisielle nettsted&nbsp;– Vennskapsbyer |language=no |publisher=Trondheim.com |date= |accessdate=September 16, 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110927054554/http://www.trondheim.com/content.ap?thisId=93081934 |archivedate=September 27, 2011 }}</ref></small> |} ==See also== *[[List of neighborhoods of Petah Tikva]] ==References== {{reflist|colwidth=30em}} ==External links== {{Commons category}} {{Wikivoyage}} *[http://www.petah-tikva.muni.il/htmls/english/municipality.html Municipality's official website] *[http://www.pbase.com/rdavid/petahtikva Photos of Petah Tikva] {{Center District (Israel)}} {{Largest Israeli cities}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:Petah Tikva| ]] [[Category:Populated places established in 1878]] [[Category:Jewish villages in the Ottoman Empire]] [[Category:Cities in Central District (Israel)]] [[Category:1878 establishments in Ottoman Syria]] [[Category:1878 in Ottoman Syria]]'