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10:42, 8 February 2020: Cengizsogutlu (talk | contribs) triggered filter 550, performing the action "edit" on Gendarmerie General Command. Actions taken: Tag; Filter description: nowiki tags inserted into an article (examine | diff)

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Explosive Material Disposal Units, Fingerprints and Palm Prints Branches and Crime Scene Examination Units were also established.
Explosive Material Disposal Units, Fingerprints and Palm Prints Branches and Crime Scene Examination Units were also established.


In 2016, with the amendment made in the 4th article of the Gendarmerie Command, Duties and Powers Law numbered 2803 with the decree law no. 668, the Gendarmerie General Command was affiliated to the [[Ministry of Interior (Turkey)|Ministry of Interior.]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.jandarma.gov.tr/tarihce|title=Tarihçe|website=www.jandarma.gov.tr|access-date=2020-02-08}}</ref>
Since 1984, Gendarmerie units have been the most important element of [[Kurdish–Turkish conflict|the conflict against Kurdish separatists]].


In 2018, [[Gendarmerie Special Operations]] participated in '[[Operation Olive Branch]]' held in the north of Syria.
As of September 2017, around 310 civilians, including 90 children and women, have been killed by the Turkish gendarmerie at the Syrian-Turkish border since the beginning of the Syrian civil war.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.syriahr.com/en/?p=73547 |title=Archived copy |access-date=2017-09-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170913154614/http://www.syriahr.com/en/?p=73547 |archive-date=2017-09-13 |url-status=live }}</ref>


The Gendarmerie General Command currently operates on a 24-hour basis, with a total of 3,600 units, including 3,056 Internal Security Units, 218 Commando Units, 162 Prison Units, 160 Protection Units and 4 Aviation Units, in order to ensure the security of life and property of [[Turkey]] citizens.
On January 21st, 2020 Turkish gendarmerie shot and killed four civilians attempting to flee [[Idlib Governorate|Idlib]] and cross the Syrian-Turkish border at Khirbet Al-Joz. The civilians were one man, two women and one child.<ref>https://twitter.com/LindseySnell/status/1219696558091972609</ref>


== Duties ==
The duties of the gendarmerie according to the Law No. 2803 on the Organization, Duties and Powers of the Gendarmerie; It is categorized under four main titles as judicial, military, civil and other duties.<ref>{{Cite web|url=law 2803|title=https://www.mevzuat.gov.tr/MevzuatMetin/1.5.2803.pdf|last=|first=|date=|website=|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref>

=== Judicial duties ===

* Revealing crime and criminals,
* Catch of the criminals,
* Transferring evidence of crime to judicial authorities,
* To conduct a preparatory investigation on the instructions of the public prosecutor,
* To send convicts and prisoners from penal institutions to the courthouse.

=== Civil duties ===

* To ensure that the services for general safety and security are carried out in accordance with the relevant legislation,
* To carry out the services of informing the public about how to protect the society from public order crime, directing children and young people to crime and taking precautionary measures,
* To evaluate the information and statistics about public order crimes, to conduct or have an analysis of the crime and to determine the methods of combating crime to prevent public order crimes by evaluating them,
* Carrying out activities to prevent crime,
* Preventing, pursuing and investigating smuggling,
* External protection of [[Prisons in Turkey|penal institutions]] and detention centers.

=== Military duties ===

* To perform military services provided by law

=== Other duties ===

* These are duties other than judicial, military and civil duties, such as facility and personal protection and transport security, which must be carried out in accordance with laws and regulations, orders and decisions.


==Structure==
==Structure==
[[File:Gendarme - Çankaya.jpg|thumb|Gendarmerie General Command Headquarters]]
The Turkish Gendarmerie comprises the following commands:<ref name=globalsecurity>{{cite web|url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/intell/world/turkey/jandarma.htm|website=GlobalSecurity.org|first=John|last=Pike|title=Jandarma|accessdate=2015-12-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090903172733/http://www.globalsecurity.org/intell/world/turkey/jandarma.htm|archive-date=2009-09-03|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Commands ===
Gendarmerie General Command Headquarters ([[Ankara]])

* Gendarmerie Security Corps Command ([[Van, Turkey]])
** 23. Gendarmerie Border Division ([[Şırnak]])
** 21. Gendarmerie Border Brigade ([[Yüksekova]])
** 1. Gendarmerie Commando Brigade ([[Çakırsöğüt|Çakırsöğüt,]] [[Şırnak]])
** 2. Gendarmerie Commando Brigade ([[Bornova]], [[İzmir|Izmir]])
* [[Gendarmerie Training Command]] ([[Ankara]], [[İncek, Gölbaşı]])
** 1. Gendarmerie Training Battalion Command ([[Aydın]])
** 2. Gendarmerie Training Battalion Command ([[Bilecik]])
** 3. Gendarmerie Training Battalion Command ([[Ezine, Çanakkale|Ezine]], [[Çanakkale]])
** 5. Gendarmerie Training Regiment Command ([[Gölköy]], [[Kastamonu]])
** 6. Gendarmerie Commando Training Regiment Command ([[Kırkağaç]], [[Manisa]])
** 7. Gendarmerie Commando Training Regiment Command ([[Yenifoça]], [[İzmir]])
** Gendarmerie Combat Training Battalion Command ([[Seferihisar]], [[İzmir]])
** Gendarmerie Transport Battalion Command ([[Söğüt]], [[Bilecik]])
** 10. Gendarmerie Training Regiment Command ([[Bornova]], [[İzmir|Izmir]])
** 116. Gendarmerie Private Training Regiment Command ([[Çanakkale]])
** 121. Gendarmerie Training Regiment Command ([[Serinyol]], [[Antakya]])
** 125. Gendarmerie Training Regiment Command ([[Safranbolu]], [[Karabük]])
** Gendarmerie Horse and Dog Training Center Command ([[Nevşehir]]) ('''JAKEM''')
* [[Gendarmerie Logistics Command]] (Güvercinlik, [[Ankara]])
* [[Gendarmerie Aviation Command]] ([[Ankara Güvercinlik Army Air Base|Güvercinlik]], [[Ankara]])
** Gendarmerie UAV Command ([[Elazığ]]
* [[Gendarmerie Special Public Security Command]] ('''JÖAK''')
** [[Gendarmerie Special Operations]] ('''JÖH''')
** [[Gendarmerie Search and Rescue Battalion Command]] ('''JAK''')
** Gendarmerie Underwater Search and Rescue Teams ('''SAK''')
** Gendarmerie Public Security Boat Commands (Security and public order services at inland waters are carried out by the Gendarmerie Public Order Boat Commands.)
* [[Village guard system|Village guards]]
* Prison Gendarmerie Division Commands (There are garrison stations appointed in every prison)
* The Gendarmerie Band Command

=== Criminal units ===

* Provincial Gendarmerie Commands in 81 provinces & in 388 districts.
** The Crime Scene Investigation Teams (CSIT) ( Working under the Provincial and District Gendarmerie Commands systematically examine the crime scene by means of technical and scientific methods; properly gather physical evidences; pack and send them to forensic laboratories.)
** Explosive Ordnance Disposal Teams ( which have been established in tourism regions, regions with a concentration of terror incidents and big cities, dispose of explosive ordnances.)
** [[Crime scene investigation]] units
** Anti-Smuggling and Organized Crime Department (ASOCD)


=== Other units ===
* Personnel
* Intelligence
* Operations
* Logistics


* Gendarmerie Traffic Teams
The General Command is composed of:<ref>{{cite web
** The Gendarmerie Motorcycled Public Order Teams (Round-the-clock at the highways established by the protocols in the responsibility areas of the Gendarmerie General Command.)
|url=http://www.jandarma.tsk.tr/ing/organization.htm
* Gendarmerie Dog Teams
|accessdate=2008-11-22
* Gendarmerie Environmental Protection Teams ( Environmental Protection Teams have been established in order to protect environment, ecological balance and natural life, to protect living species and areas protected by national legislation and international conventions and to prevent environmental pollution.)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.jandarma.gov.tr/asayis/jandarma-cevre-koruma-timleri|title=Jandarma Çevre Koruma Timleri|website=www.jandarma.gov.tr|access-date=2020-02-08}}</ref>
|title=Organizational Structure
* The Gendarmerie Mounted Units (Used in performing patrolling services at resort areas, forestlands, recreation spots and museums ([[Topkapı Palace]]), and in performing preventive law enforcement services.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fiep.org/member-forces/turkish-gendarmerie/|title=Turkish Gendarmerie|last=Netherl|first=Royal|last2=Marechaussee|first2=s|website=FIEP {{!}} International Association of Gendarmeries and Police Forces with Military Statues|language=en-US|access-date=2020-02-08}}</ref>
|work=General Command of Gendarmerie
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090721013630/http://www.jandarma.tsk.tr/ing/organization.htm
|archive-date=2009-07-21
|url-status=dead
}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/europe/tu-gendarmerie.htm|title=Turkey - Gendarmerie General Command Jandarma Genel Komutanlýðý|author=John Pike|website=Globalsecurity.org|accessdate=27 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160111030436/http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/europe/tu-gendarmerie.htm|archive-date=11 January 2016|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref>


<br />
*The headquarters
*Internal security units
**[[Village guard system|Village guards]]
*Border units
*Training units
*Gendarmerie schools
*Administrative and logistics support units
*Special Forces
**[[Gendarmerie Special Operations]]
**[[Gendarmerie Special Public Security Command]]
**[[Gendarmerie Search and Rescue Battalion Command]]


== Gallery ==
<gallery>
<gallery>
File:Topkapı sarayında nöbetçi Jandarma Eri.jpg|Gendarmerie officer with an MP5 at Topkapı Palace in Istanbul
File:Topkapı sarayında nöbetçi Jandarma Eri.jpg|Gendarmerie officer with an MP5 at Topkapı Palace in Istanbul
File:Turkish guard.jpg|Gendarmerie officer
File:Turkish Jandarma 02.JPG|Gendarmerie's [[Ford Transit]] and a trooper
File:Turkish Jandarma 02.JPG|Gendarmerie's [[Ford Transit]] and a trooper
File:Renault Megane Jandarma squad car.JPG|Traffic gendarmerie's [[Renault Megane]]
File:Renault Megane Jandarma squad car.JPG|Traffic gendarmerie's [[Renault Megane]]
File:Jandarma vehicle.JPG|Gendarmerie interceptor
File:Sivas Jandarma Kışlası (tarihî).jpg|Jandarma Barracks in Sivas built in 1908
File:Sivas Jandarma Kışlası (tarihî).jpg|Jandarma Barracks in Sivas built in 1908
File:Jandarma Müzesi.jpg|Gendarmerie museum
File:Jandarma Komando.jpg|[[Gendarmerie Special Operations]] [[Commando]]<nowiki/>s during [[Operation Olive Branch]]
File:Jandarma Helikopteri.png|Gendarmerie Helicopter
File:Jandarma Kara Araçları.png|Gendarmerie land vehicles
File:Jandarma also shares the road (3823879221).jpg|[[BTR-60]] still in the gendarmerie inventory
File:Soma mine disaster16.JPG|[[Gendarmerie Search and Rescue Battalion Command]] teams during [[Soma mine disaster]]
File:JSGA arma.gif|Gendarme Scool emblem
File:Tr-Jandarma8.jpg|Sergeant gendarme rank
File:EşrefBitlisJandarma.jpg|[[Eşref Bitlis]] was a general in the [[Turkish Gendarmerie]], who died in a controversial plane crash.
</gallery>
</gallery>



== The Gendarmerie Museum ==
[[File:Jandarma Müzesi.jpg|thumb|Museum]]
The Gendarmerie Museum is established in order to reflect the developments in periodical order beginning with the foundation of the Gendarmerie organization; to exhibit its activities, heroic deeds, services in the history; to protect all kinds of military cultural assets related to the Gendarmerie by collecting them and to transfer them to the future generations. The Gendarmerie Museum in the Beytepe Lieutenant General İsmail SELEN Quarters in Ankara and is open to public.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.jandarma.gov.tr/|title=T.C. İçişleri Bakanlığı Jandarma Genel Komutanlığı|website=www.jandarma.gov.tr|access-date=2020-02-08}}</ref>



<br />
==Equipment==
==Equipment==


|-valign="top"
|-valign="top"
| [[Otokar Cobra|Cobra]] || [[File:Paradbaku98.jpg|170px]] || {{TUR}} || MRAP || Cobra I || 200 || Its suspension / wheel base is based on the American [[HMMWV]] which led some to mistakenly claim that Turkey actually uses the HMMWV as one of its utility vehicles.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.foxnews.com/leisure/2012/11/14/otokar-cobra-is-true-all-terrain-fighting-machine/|title=Otokar Cobra is a true all-terrain fighting machine|work=Fox News|accessdate=20 September 2015|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924115837/http://www.foxnews.com/leisure/2012/11/14/otokar-cobra-is-true-all-terrain-fighting-machine/|archivedate=24 September 2015}}</ref>
| [[Otokar Cobra|Cobra]] || [[File:Paradbaku98.jpg|170px]] || {{TUR}} || MRAP || Cobra I || 200 || Its suspension / wheel base is based on the American [[HMMWV]] which led some to mistakenly claim that Turkey actually uses the HMMWV as one of its utility vehicles.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.foxnews.com/leisure/2012/11/14/otokar-cobra-is-true-all-terrain-fighting-machine/|title=Otokar Cobra is a true all-terrain fighting machine|work=Fox News|accessdate=20 September 2015|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924115837/http://www.foxnews.com/leisure/2012/11/14/otokar-cobra-is-true-all-terrain-fighting-machine/|archivedate=24 September 2015}}</ref>
|-
|[[Otokar Akrep]]
|
|{{TUR}}
|MRAP
|
|unknown
|[[Turkish Land Forces]] as new models enter the equipment slowly giving the old equipment to the gendarmerie.
|-valign="top"
|-valign="top"
| [[Cadillac Gage Commando]] || [[File:Cadillac Gage V-150 do Exército português.jpg|170px]] || {{USA}} || Armored Personnel Carrier || V-150S || 124 || Lacking a dedicated vehicle for its reconnaissance battalions, Turkey ordered 124 LAV-150 vehicles in 1992 from the Cadillac Corporation.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tanknutdave.com/the-us-4x4-lav-100-a-lav-150-apc-family/|title=LAV-150|work=The actual source is by Army Guide _http://www.army-guide.com/eng/product3942.html_ but its been black listed for an unknown reason|accessdate=29 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160204113546/http://tanknutdave.com/the-us-4x4-lav-100-a-lav-150-apc-family/|archive-date=4 February 2016|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
| [[Cadillac Gage Commando]] || [[File:Cadillac Gage V-150 do Exército português.jpg|170px]] || {{USA}} || Armored Personnel Carrier || V-150S || 124 || Lacking a dedicated vehicle for its reconnaissance battalions, Turkey ordered 124 LAV-150 vehicles in 1992 from the Cadillac Corporation.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tanknutdave.com/the-us-4x4-lav-100-a-lav-150-apc-family/|title=LAV-150|work=The actual source is by Army Guide _http://www.army-guide.com/eng/product3942.html_ but its been black listed for an unknown reason|accessdate=29 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160204113546/http://tanknutdave.com/the-us-4x4-lav-100-a-lav-150-apc-family/|archive-date=4 February 2016|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
| [[Otokar ZPT]] || [[File:Mosul,_Iraq.jpg|170px]] || {{TUR}} || Armored Car || || 250 || After the cancellation of Akrep, Otokar started to produce cheaper alternative for the law enforcement agencies and the army. ZPT is based on [[Shorland S-55]].
| [[Otokar ZPT]] || [[File:Mosul,_Iraq.jpg|170px]] || {{TUR}} || Armored Car || || 250 || After the cancellation of Akrep, Otokar started to produce cheaper alternative for the law enforcement agencies and the army. ZPT is based on [[Shorland S-55]].
|-valign="top"
|-valign="top"
| [[BTR-60]] || [[File:BTR-60PB NVA.JPG|170px]] || {{USSR}}/{{GER}} || Armored Personnel Carrier || BTR-60PB || 323<ref name=globalsecurity/> || Bought from ex-[[GDR]] stockpile after [[German unification]].{{Citation needed|date=June 2016}} All modernized.
| [[BTR-60]] || [[File:BTR-60PB NVA.JPG|170px]] || {{USSR}}/{{GER}} || Armored Personnel Carrier || BTR-60PB || 323<ref name="globalsecurity">{{cite web|url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/intell/world/turkey/jandarma.htm|title=Jandarma|last=Pike|first=John|website=GlobalSecurity.org|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090903172733/http://www.globalsecurity.org/intell/world/turkey/jandarma.htm|archive-date=2009-09-03|accessdate=2015-12-01}}</ref>|| Bought from ex-[[GDR]] stockpile after [[German unification]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Ron|first=Harold E. Stassen Chair of International Affairs James|url=https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=b99dfVMJNRMC&pg=PA36&lpg=PA36&dq=turkey+btr60&source=bl&ots=8QBp7GvEeY&sig=ACfU3U1Xjz5WzFXE3ERVaC5fyWarqFpWxw&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjPtKLHxsHnAhWusaQKHTn1BnsQ6AEwDnoECAoQAQ#v=onepage&q=turkey%20btr60&f=false|title=Weapons Transfers and Violations of the Laws of War in Turkey|last2=Staff|first2=Human Rights Watch Arms Project|last3=Ron|first3=James|last4=Watch (Organization)|first4=Human Rights|date=1995|publisher=Human Rights Watch|isbn=978-1-56432-161-9|language=en}}</ref> All modernized.
|-valign="top"
|-valign="top"
| [[Condor (APC)|Condor]] || [[File:Malaysian_Condor.jpg|170px]] || {{GER}} || Armored Personnel Carrier || Condor 1 || 25<ref name=globalsecurity/> ||
| [[Condor (APC)|Condor]] || [[File:Malaysian_Condor.jpg|170px]] || {{GER}} || Armored Personnel Carrier || Condor 1 || 25<ref name=globalsecurity/> ||
|-
|-
! style="align: center; background: lavender;" colspan="7" | '''[[Unmanned combat aerial vehicle|Unmanned Aircraft Vehicles]]'''
! style="align: center; background: lavender;" colspan="7" | '''[[Unmanned combat aerial vehicle|Unmanned Aircraft Vehicles]]'''
|-
|-valign="top"
|[[TAI Anka]]
| [[Bayraktar Tactical UAS|Bayraktar Tactical]] || [[File:Armed Bayraktar TB2.jpg|170x170px]] || {{TUR}} || UAV || TB2 || 12 ||
|[[File:TAI Anka Teknofest2019 (1).jpg|170x170px]]

|{{TUR}}
|UAV
|ANKA B
|2
|[[Elazığ|Elazig]] Gendarmerie UAV command<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://twitter.com/rasimanilkunt/status/888327159164620800?lang=fr|title=Elazığ Jandarma İHA Birlik K.lığında hizmet veren ANKA İHA'lar.En sağda SARPER SAR/ISAR/GMTI ve ASELFLIR 300T ile ANKA-B dikkat çekiyor.pic.twitter.com/5q5fzXbHPM|last=Kunt|first=Rasim Anıl|date=2017T02:17|website=@rasimanilkunt|language=tr|access-date=2020-02-08}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dailymotion.com/video/x3qn1xi|title=Elazığ İnsansız Hava Aracı Anka Görevine Başladı-2 - Dailymotion Video|website=Dailymotion|language=en|access-date=2020-02-08}}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|[[Bayraktar Tactical UAS|Bayraktar Tactical]]||[[File:Armed Bayraktar TB2.jpg|177x177px]]||{{TUR}}|| UAV || TB2 || 12 ||
|-
|[[Bayraktar Mini UAV]]
|[[File:Mini4.jpg|180x180px]]
|{{TUR}}
|UAV
|C
|unknown
|
|}
|}


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'{{more citations needed|date=January 2017}} {{Infobox military unit | unit_name = Gendarmerie General Command | native_name = ''Jandarma Genel Komutanlığı'' | image = Emblem of the Turkish Gendarmerie.png | image_size = 160px | alt = | caption = Emblem of the Gendarmerie General Command | dates = * 1839 <small>(as [[Ottoman Gendarmerie]])</small> * June 10, 1930 <small>(as Gendarmerie Organisation)</small> * 1956 <small>(as Gendarmerie General Command)</small><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jandarma.gov.tr/|title=Jandarma Genel Komutanlığı|website=Jandarma.gov.tr|accessdate=27 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151120061655/http://www.jandarma.gov.tr/|archive-date=20 November 2015|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> | country = {{TUR}} | countries = | allegiance = | branch = | type = [[Gendarmerie]] | role = Paramilitary law enforcement, counter insurgency, armed response to civil unrest, counter terrorism, special weapons operations. | size = 170,295 sworn members + 80,000 to 90,000 [[Village guards]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aktifhaber.com/tsk-mevcut-personel-sayisini-acikladi-911886h.htm|title=TSK Mevcut Personel Sayısını Açıkladı|date=2 January 2014|work=Aktif Haber|accessdate=27 November 2015|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006083942/http://www.aktifhaber.com/tsk-mevcut-personel-sayisini-acikladi-911886h.htm|archivedate=6 October 2014}}</ref><br>1,475 Armored and utility vehicles<br>59 Helicopters | command_structure = [[Ministry of the Interior (Turkey)|Ministry of the Interior]] | garrison = [[Ankara]] | garrison_label = Headquarters | nickname = | patron = | motto = | colors = [[Red]] & [[Blue]] {{color box|red}}{{color box|blue}} | colors_label = Colors | march = | mascot = | anniversaries = | equipment = | equipment_label = | battles = [[Turkish invasion of Cyprus]]<br>[[Kurdish-Turkish conflict]]<br>[[Turkish involvement in the Syrian Civil War]] | decorations = | battle_honours = | battle_honours_label = | disbanded = | flying_hours = | website = {{nowrap|[http://www.jandarma.tsk.tr/ jandarma.tsk.tr/]}} <!-- Commanders --> | commander1 = [[Minister (government)|Minister]] [[Süleyman Soylu]] | commander1_label = [[Ministry of the Interior (Turkey)|Minister of the Interior]] | commander2 = General Arif Çetin | commander2_label = [[List of General Commanders of the Turkish Gendarmerie|Commander]] | commander5 = Lt. General İbrahim Yaşar | commander5_label = Chief of Staff | notable_commanders = <!-- Insignia --> | identification_symbol = [[File:Flag of Turkish General Command of Gendarmerie.svg|border|100px]] | identification_symbol_label = Flag | identification_symbol_2 = | identification_symbol_2_label = | identification_symbol_3 = | identification_symbol_3_label = | identification_symbol_4 = | identification_symbol_4_label = <!-- Aircraft --> | aircraft_attack = | aircraft_bomber = | aircraft_electronic = | aircraft_fighter = | aircraft_helicopter = | aircraft_helicopter_attack = | aircraft_helicopter_cargo = | aircraft_helicopter_multirole = | aircraft_helicopter_observation = | aircraft_helicopter_transport = | aircraft_helicopter_trainer = | aircraft_helicopter_utility = | aircraft_interceptor = | aircraft_patrol = | aircraft_recon = | aircraft_trainer = | aircraft_transport = | aircraft_tanker = | aircraft_general = }} The '''Gendarmerie General Command''' ({{lang-tr|Jandarma Genel Komutanlığı}}) is a service branch of the [[Turkish Ministry of Interior]] responsible for the maintenance of the public order in areas that fall outside the jurisdiction of police forces (generally in rural areas), as well as assuring internal security along with carrying out other specific duties assigned to it by certain laws and regulations. The Gendarmerie is essentially a governmental armed security and law enforcement force. The Commander of the Gendarmerie reports to the Minister of the Interior. The Gendarmerie has its roots in the [[Ottoman Empire]] military law enforcement organization "Subaşı" (later known as the "Zaptiye"), which carried out security and safety services. A similar, earlier force was called "Şurta" during the medieval [[Seljuq Empire]]. ==History== ===Ottoman era=== {{main article|Ottoman Gendarmerie}} After the [[Auspicious Incident|abolition]] of the [[Janissary]] corps of the [[Ottoman Empire]] in 1826, military organizations called ''Asâkir-i Muntazâma-i Mansûre'', ''Asâkir-i Muntazâma-i Hâssa'', and, in 1834, ''Asâkir-i Redîfe'' were established to deliver security and public order services in [[Anatolia]] and in some provinces of [[Rumelia]]. [[File:British Officers in the Ottoman Gendarmerie Graphic June 25 1904.JPG|thumb|left|British officers in the Ottoman Gendarmerie, 1904]] Since the term Gendarmerie was noticed only in the Assignment Decrees published in the years following the [[Edict of Gülhane|declaration]] of [[Tanzimat]] in 1839, it is assumed that the Gendarmerie organization was founded after that year, but the exact date of foundation has not yet been determined. Therefore, taking the June 14 of "June 14, 1869", on which ''Asâkir-i Zaptiye Nizâmnâmesi'' was adopted, June 14, 1839 was accepted as the foundation date of the Turkish Gendarmerie.<ref name="History">{{cite web| url=http://www.jandarma.tsk.tr/ing/tarihce/history.htm| title=THE SHORT HISTORY OF THE GENDARMERIE GENERAL COMMAND| website=Jandarma.tsk.tr| accessdate=July 25, 2013| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120625190930/http://www.jandarma.tsk.tr/ing/tarihce/history.htm| archive-date=June 25, 2012| url-status=dead| df=mdy-all}}</ref> After the [[Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)|1877–1878 Russo-Turkish War]], Ottoman prime minister [[Mehmed Said Pasha]] decided to bring some officers from Britain and France to establish a modern law enforcement organization. After the [[Young Turk Revolution]] in 1908, the Gendarmerie achieved great successes, particularly in Rumelia. In 1909, the Gendarmerie was affiliated with the Ministry of War, and its name was changed to the Gendarmerie General Command ({{lang-ota|Umûm Jandarma Kumandanlığı}}). Gendarmerie units continued their internal security duties as well as taking part in the conflict at various fronts as a part of the Armed Forces during [[World War I]] and the [[Turkish War of Independence]]. ===Republic of Turkey=== The Gendarmerie organization achieved its current legal status after Law No. 1706 entered into force on June 10, 1930. In 1939, the Gendarmerie organization was restructured, having three groups: Fixed Gendarmerie Units, Mobile Gendarmerie Units, and Gendarmerie Training Units and Schools. Law No. 6815, which entered into force in 1956, assigned the Gendarmerie General Command duties such as protecting borders, coasts and territorial waters, and fighting smuggling, which had been previously carried out by the ''Gümrük Umum Kumandanlığı'' that was a military organization at the level of division in affiliation to the Ministry of Customs and Monopoly. In 1957, Gendarmerie Border Units were transformed into brigades, and Gendarmerie Training Brigades were established. In 1961, Gendarmerie Regional Commands were established. In 1968, the first Gendarmerie Aviation Unit was established in [[Diyarbakır]] under the name of Light Helicopter Company Command. In 1974, Gendarmerie Commando Units and Gendarmerie Aviation Units took part in the [[Turkish invasion of Cyprus]]. Law No. 2692 which entered into force in 1982 assigned the duty of protecting the coasts and territorial waters to the Coast Guard Command. Law No. 2803 on the Organization, Duties and Responsibilities of the Gendarmerie entered into force in 1983. Law No. 3497 entering into force in 1988 assigned the duty of protecting the land borders and ensuring their security to the Land Forces Command, but Gendarmerie General Command still holds the responsibility for some parts of the Iranian and Syrian borders and the whole Iraqi border. Gendarmerie Criminal Department was founded in [[Ankara]] in 1993 and Gendarmerie Regional Criminal Laboratory Superiorities were founded respectively in 1994 in Van, in 1998 in [[Bursa]] and in 2005 in [[Aydın]]. Crime Scene Examination Teams, Explosive Material Disposal Units, Fingerprints and Palm Prints Branches and Crime Scene Examination Units were also established. Since 1984, Gendarmerie units have been the most important element of [[Kurdish–Turkish conflict|the conflict against Kurdish separatists]]. As of September 2017, around 310 civilians, including 90 children and women, have been killed by the Turkish gendarmerie at the Syrian-Turkish border since the beginning of the Syrian civil war.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.syriahr.com/en/?p=73547 |title=Archived copy |access-date=2017-09-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170913154614/http://www.syriahr.com/en/?p=73547 |archive-date=2017-09-13 |url-status=live }}</ref> On January 21st, 2020 Turkish gendarmerie shot and killed four civilians attempting to flee [[Idlib Governorate|Idlib]] and cross the Syrian-Turkish border at Khirbet Al-Joz. The civilians were one man, two women and one child.<ref>https://twitter.com/LindseySnell/status/1219696558091972609</ref> ==Structure== The Turkish Gendarmerie comprises the following commands:<ref name=globalsecurity>{{cite web|url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/intell/world/turkey/jandarma.htm|website=GlobalSecurity.org|first=John|last=Pike|title=Jandarma|accessdate=2015-12-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090903172733/http://www.globalsecurity.org/intell/world/turkey/jandarma.htm|archive-date=2009-09-03|url-status=live}}</ref> * Personnel * Intelligence * Operations * Logistics The General Command is composed of:<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.jandarma.tsk.tr/ing/organization.htm |accessdate=2008-11-22 |title=Organizational Structure |work=General Command of Gendarmerie |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090721013630/http://www.jandarma.tsk.tr/ing/organization.htm |archive-date=2009-07-21 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/europe/tu-gendarmerie.htm|title=Turkey - Gendarmerie General Command Jandarma Genel Komutanlýðý|author=John Pike|website=Globalsecurity.org|accessdate=27 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160111030436/http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/europe/tu-gendarmerie.htm|archive-date=11 January 2016|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> *The headquarters *Internal security units **[[Village guard system|Village guards]] *Border units *Training units *Gendarmerie schools *Administrative and logistics support units *Special Forces **[[Gendarmerie Special Operations]] **[[Gendarmerie Special Public Security Command]] **[[Gendarmerie Search and Rescue Battalion Command]] <gallery> File:Topkapı sarayında nöbetçi Jandarma Eri.jpg|Gendarmerie officer with an MP5 at Topkapı Palace in Istanbul File:Turkish Jandarma 02.JPG|Gendarmerie's [[Ford Transit]] and a trooper File:Renault Megane Jandarma squad car.JPG|Traffic gendarmerie's [[Renault Megane]] File:Sivas Jandarma Kışlası (tarihî).jpg|Jandarma Barracks in Sivas built in 1908 </gallery> ==Equipment== ===Handguns=== * [[Yavuz 16]]<ref name=silahlar>{{cite web|title=Jandarma Komutanligi|url=http://www.jandarma.tsk.tr/silahlar/silahlaric.htm|publisher=Turkish Gendarmerie|accessdate=2013-10-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141214113703/http://www.jandarma.tsk.tr/silahlar/silahlaric.htm|archive-date=2014-12-14|url-status=dead}}</ref> ===Shotguns=== * [[SPAS-12]]<ref name=silahlar/> ===Submachine guns=== * [[HK MP5]]<ref name=silahlar/> * [[FN P90|P90]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.radikal.com.tr/turkiye/hayata_donus_ilk_kez_gun_isigina_cikti-943931|title='Hayata Dönüş' ilk kez gün ışığına çıktı|date=7 July 2009|website=Radikal.com.tr|accessdate=27 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151006083051/http://www.radikal.com.tr/turkiye/hayata_donus_ilk_kez_gun_isigina_cikti-943931|archive-date=6 October 2015|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> ===Assault and battle rifles=== * [[AKM]]<ref name=silahlar/> * [[G3A7|HK G3]]<ref name=silahlar/> * [[Heckler & Koch G41|HK G41]]<ref name=silahlar/> * [[Heckler & Koch HK33|HK33A4]]<ref name=silahlar/> * [[M16 rifle|M16A1]]<ref name=silahlar/> * [[MKEK MPT-76]] ===Machine guns=== * [[Heckler & Koch HK21|HK23E]]<ref name=silahlar/> * [[RPK]] * [[M2 Browning|M2]]<ref name=silahlar/> * [[Rheinmetall MG3|MG3]]<ref name=silahlar/> * [[PK machine gun|PKM]]<ref name=silahlar/> ===Sniper rifles=== * [[Accuracy International PM|Arctic Warfare]]<ref name=silahlar/> * [[Dragunov SVD|SVD]]<ref name=silahlar/> * [[McMillan Tac-50|Tac-50]]<ref name=silahlar/> ===Rocket and grenade launchers=== * [[HK 69]]<ref name=silahlar/> * [[Milkor MGL]]<ref name=silahlar/> * [[Mk 19 grenade launcher|Mk 19]]<ref>[http://www.anahaberyorum.com/gundem/bu-silah-katoyu-pkkya-dar-etti-h8892.html ] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120912091640/http://www.anahaberyorum.com/gundem/bu-silah-katoyu-pkkya-dar-etti-h8892.html |date=September 12, 2012 }}</ref> * [[RPG-7]]<ref name=silahlar/> ===Mortars=== * [[M19 mortar|M19]]<ref name=silahlar/> * [[M29 mortar|M29]]<ref name=silahlar/> * [[Mortier 120mm Rayé Tracté Modèle F1]]<ref name=silahlar/> ===Vehicles=== {| class="wikitable" |- !style="width:7%;"|Model!!Image!!style="width:9%;"|Origin!!Type!!style="width:7%;"|Variant!!Number!!Details |- ! style="align: center; background: lavender;" colspan="7" | '''[[Armored personnel carriers]]''' |-valign="top" | [[Sisu Nasu]] || [[File:Tracked_transport_vehicle_Sisu_NA_110.JPG|170px]] || {{FIN}} || Tracked All-Terrain Vehicle || NA-140 BT || 47 || |-valign="top" | [[BMC Kirpi|Kirpi]] || [[File:2012_Eurosatory_BMC_trucks.JPG|170px]] || {{TUR}} || MRAP || Kirpi 4x4 || 200 || Based on the Israeli [[Hatehof Navigator]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.armyrecognition.com/turkey_turkish_army_wheeled_armoured_vehicles_uk/kirpi_bmc_350_mrap_armoured_vehicle_personnel_carrier_data_sheet_specifications_description_pictures.html |title=Archived copy |access-date=2016-06-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160907092045/http://www.armyrecognition.com/turkey_turkish_army_wheeled_armoured_vehicles_uk/kirpi_bmc_350_mrap_armoured_vehicle_personnel_carrier_data_sheet_specifications_description_pictures.html |archive-date=2016-09-07 |url-status=live }}</ref> |-valign="top" | [[Otokar Cobra|Cobra]] || [[File:Paradbaku98.jpg|170px]] || {{TUR}} || MRAP || Cobra I || 200 || Its suspension / wheel base is based on the American [[HMMWV]] which led some to mistakenly claim that Turkey actually uses the HMMWV as one of its utility vehicles.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.foxnews.com/leisure/2012/11/14/otokar-cobra-is-true-all-terrain-fighting-machine/|title=Otokar Cobra is a true all-terrain fighting machine|work=Fox News|accessdate=20 September 2015|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924115837/http://www.foxnews.com/leisure/2012/11/14/otokar-cobra-is-true-all-terrain-fighting-machine/|archivedate=24 September 2015}}</ref> |-valign="top" | [[Cadillac Gage Commando]] || [[File:Cadillac Gage V-150 do Exército português.jpg|170px]] || {{USA}} || Armored Personnel Carrier || V-150S || 124 || Lacking a dedicated vehicle for its reconnaissance battalions, Turkey ordered 124 LAV-150 vehicles in 1992 from the Cadillac Corporation.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tanknutdave.com/the-us-4x4-lav-100-a-lav-150-apc-family/|title=LAV-150|work=The actual source is by Army Guide _http://www.army-guide.com/eng/product3942.html_ but its been black listed for an unknown reason|accessdate=29 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160204113546/http://tanknutdave.com/the-us-4x4-lav-100-a-lav-150-apc-family/|archive-date=4 February 2016|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> |-valign="top" | [[Otokar ZPT]] || [[File:Mosul,_Iraq.jpg|170px]] || {{TUR}} || Armored Car || || 250 || After the cancellation of Akrep, Otokar started to produce cheaper alternative for the law enforcement agencies and the army. ZPT is based on [[Shorland S-55]]. |-valign="top" | [[BTR-60]] || [[File:BTR-60PB NVA.JPG|170px]] || {{USSR}}/{{GER}} || Armored Personnel Carrier || BTR-60PB || 323<ref name=globalsecurity/> || Bought from ex-[[GDR]] stockpile after [[German unification]].{{Citation needed|date=June 2016}} All modernized. |-valign="top" | [[Condor (APC)|Condor]] || [[File:Malaysian_Condor.jpg|170px]] || {{GER}} || Armored Personnel Carrier || Condor 1 || 25<ref name=globalsecurity/> || |-valign="top" | [[Dragoon AFV|Dragoon]] || [[File:Tanqueta_militar.JPG|170px]] || {{USA}} || Armored Personnel Carrier || Dragoon 300 || 60 || |- ! style="align: center; background: lavender;" colspan="7" | '''[[Helicopters]]''' |-valign="top" | [[UH-60 Black Hawk]] || [[File:Sikorsky S-70A-24A Black Hawk, Mexico - Air Force AN2158152.jpg|170px]] || {{USA}}/{{TUR}} || Utility helicopter || S-70A || 27 || Avionics upgraded by [[Aselsan]].T-70 variant in use. 30 more on order |-valign="top" | [[UH-1 Huey]] || [[File:Agusta-Bell AB-205 MM80547 Esercito.jpg|170px]] || {{USA}}/{{TUR}} || Utility helicopter || AB-205 || 13 || Avionics upgraded by [[Aselsan]]. |-valign="top" | [[TAI/AgustaWestland T129 ATAK]] || [[File:BG12-1001 (14662033896).jpg|170px]] || {{TUR}} || Attack helicopter || T129 || 6<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://twitter.com/SavunmaSanayii/status/1060087100215844865 |title=Archived copy |access-date=2018-11-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190328224136/https://twitter.com/SavunmaSanayii/status/1060087100215844865 |archive-date=2019-03-28 |url-status=live }}</ref> || 12 more on order. Produced by [[Turkish Aerospace Industries|TAI]]. |- | [[Mil Mi-17]] || [[File:PLA Mil Mi-17-1 at Chelyabinsk Shagol Air Base.jpg|170px]] || {{RUS}}/{{TUR}} || Utility helicopter || Mi-17 IVA || 18 || Avionics upgraded by [[Aselsan]]. |- ! style="align: center; background: lavender;" colspan="7" | '''[[Unmanned combat aerial vehicle|Unmanned Aircraft Vehicles]]''' |-valign="top" | [[Bayraktar Tactical UAS|Bayraktar Tactical]] || [[File:Armed Bayraktar TB2.jpg|170x170px]] || {{TUR}} || UAV || TB2 || 12 || |} ==Insignia== {| style="border:1px solid #8888aa; background:#f7f8ff; padding:5px; font-size:95%; margin:0 12px 12px 0;" {{Ranks and Insignia of NATO Armies/OF/Blank}} {{Ranks and Insignia of NATO Armies/OF/Turkey}} |} {| style="border:1px solid #8888aa; background:#f7f8ff; padding:5px; font-size:95%; margin:0 12px 12px 0;" {{Ranks and Insignia of NATO Armies/OR/Blank}} {{Ranks and insignia of NATO armies/OR/Turkey}} |} * OF3, OF2, & OR2 translate to "Head of 1000", "Head of 100", and "Head of 10" respectively. ==See also== *[[List of General Commanders of the Gendarmerie of Turkey]] *[[Constabulary]] *[[Gendarmerie]] *[[Military equipment of Turkey]] ==Notes== {{reflist|group=note}} ==References== {{Reflist}} == External links == {{Commons category}} * {{Official website}} {{Law enforcement in Turkey}} {{NATO Land Forces}} {{NATO Air Forces}} {{EUROGENDFOR}} [[Category:National law enforcement agencies of Turkey|*]] [[Category:Specialist law enforcement agencies of Turkey|*]] [[Category:Gendarmerie (Turkey)|*]]'
New page wikitext, after the edit (new_wikitext)
'{{more citations needed|date=January 2017}} {{Infobox military unit | unit_name = Gendarmerie General Command | native_name = ''Jandarma Genel Komutanlığı'' | image = Emblem of the Turkish Gendarmerie.png | image_size = 160px | alt = | caption = Emblem of the Gendarmerie General Command | dates = * 1839 <small>(as [[Ottoman Gendarmerie]])</small> * June 10, 1930 <small>(as Gendarmerie Organisation)</small> * 1956 <small>(as Gendarmerie General Command)</small><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jandarma.gov.tr/|title=Jandarma Genel Komutanlığı|website=Jandarma.gov.tr|accessdate=27 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151120061655/http://www.jandarma.gov.tr/|archive-date=20 November 2015|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> | country = {{TUR}} | countries = | allegiance = | branch = | type = [[Gendarmerie]] | role = Paramilitary law enforcement, counter insurgency, armed response to civil unrest, counter terrorism, special weapons operations. | size = 170,295 sworn members + 80,000 to 90,000 [[Village guards]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aktifhaber.com/tsk-mevcut-personel-sayisini-acikladi-911886h.htm|title=TSK Mevcut Personel Sayısını Açıkladı|date=2 January 2014|work=Aktif Haber|accessdate=27 November 2015|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006083942/http://www.aktifhaber.com/tsk-mevcut-personel-sayisini-acikladi-911886h.htm|archivedate=6 October 2014}}</ref><br>1,475 Armored and utility vehicles<br>59 Helicopters | command_structure = [[Ministry of the Interior (Turkey)|Ministry of the Interior]] | garrison = [[Ankara]] | garrison_label = Headquarters | nickname = | patron = | motto = | colors = [[Red]] & [[Blue]] {{color box|red}}{{color box|blue}} | colors_label = Colors | march = | mascot = | anniversaries = | equipment = | equipment_label = | battles = [[Turkish invasion of Cyprus]]<br>[[Kurdish-Turkish conflict]]<br>[[Turkish involvement in the Syrian Civil War]] | decorations = | battle_honours = | battle_honours_label = | disbanded = | flying_hours = | website = {{nowrap|[http://www.jandarma.tsk.tr/ jandarma.tsk.tr/]}} <!-- Commanders --> | commander1 = [[Minister (government)|Minister]] [[Süleyman Soylu]] | commander1_label = [[Ministry of the Interior (Turkey)|Minister of the Interior]] | commander2 = General Arif Çetin | commander2_label = [[List of General Commanders of the Turkish Gendarmerie|Commander]] | commander5 = Lt. General İbrahim Yaşar | commander5_label = Chief of Staff | notable_commanders = <!-- Insignia --> | identification_symbol = [[File:Flag of Turkish General Command of Gendarmerie.svg|border|100px]] | identification_symbol_label = Flag | identification_symbol_2 = | identification_symbol_2_label = | identification_symbol_3 = | identification_symbol_3_label = | identification_symbol_4 = | identification_symbol_4_label = <!-- Aircraft --> | aircraft_attack = | aircraft_bomber = | aircraft_electronic = | aircraft_fighter = | aircraft_helicopter = | aircraft_helicopter_attack = | aircraft_helicopter_cargo = | aircraft_helicopter_multirole = | aircraft_helicopter_observation = | aircraft_helicopter_transport = | aircraft_helicopter_trainer = | aircraft_helicopter_utility = | aircraft_interceptor = | aircraft_patrol = | aircraft_recon = | aircraft_trainer = | aircraft_transport = | aircraft_tanker = | aircraft_general = }} The '''Gendarmerie General Command''' ({{lang-tr|Jandarma Genel Komutanlığı}}) is a service branch of the [[Turkish Ministry of Interior]] responsible for the maintenance of the public order in areas that fall outside the jurisdiction of police forces (generally in rural areas), as well as assuring internal security along with carrying out other specific duties assigned to it by certain laws and regulations. The Gendarmerie is essentially a governmental armed security and law enforcement force. The Commander of the Gendarmerie reports to the Minister of the Interior. The Gendarmerie has its roots in the [[Ottoman Empire]] military law enforcement organization "Subaşı" (later known as the "Zaptiye"), which carried out security and safety services. A similar, earlier force was called "Şurta" during the medieval [[Seljuq Empire]]. ==History== ===Ottoman era=== {{main article|Ottoman Gendarmerie}} After the [[Auspicious Incident|abolition]] of the [[Janissary]] corps of the [[Ottoman Empire]] in 1826, military organizations called ''Asâkir-i Muntazâma-i Mansûre'', ''Asâkir-i Muntazâma-i Hâssa'', and, in 1834, ''Asâkir-i Redîfe'' were established to deliver security and public order services in [[Anatolia]] and in some provinces of [[Rumelia]]. [[File:British Officers in the Ottoman Gendarmerie Graphic June 25 1904.JPG|thumb|left|British officers in the Ottoman Gendarmerie, 1904]] Since the term Gendarmerie was noticed only in the Assignment Decrees published in the years following the [[Edict of Gülhane|declaration]] of [[Tanzimat]] in 1839, it is assumed that the Gendarmerie organization was founded after that year, but the exact date of foundation has not yet been determined. Therefore, taking the June 14 of "June 14, 1869", on which ''Asâkir-i Zaptiye Nizâmnâmesi'' was adopted, June 14, 1839 was accepted as the foundation date of the Turkish Gendarmerie.<ref name="History">{{cite web| url=http://www.jandarma.tsk.tr/ing/tarihce/history.htm| title=THE SHORT HISTORY OF THE GENDARMERIE GENERAL COMMAND| website=Jandarma.tsk.tr| accessdate=July 25, 2013| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120625190930/http://www.jandarma.tsk.tr/ing/tarihce/history.htm| archive-date=June 25, 2012| url-status=dead| df=mdy-all}}</ref> After the [[Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)|1877–1878 Russo-Turkish War]], Ottoman prime minister [[Mehmed Said Pasha]] decided to bring some officers from Britain and France to establish a modern law enforcement organization. After the [[Young Turk Revolution]] in 1908, the Gendarmerie achieved great successes, particularly in Rumelia. In 1909, the Gendarmerie was affiliated with the Ministry of War, and its name was changed to the Gendarmerie General Command ({{lang-ota|Umûm Jandarma Kumandanlığı}}). Gendarmerie units continued their internal security duties as well as taking part in the conflict at various fronts as a part of the Armed Forces during [[World War I]] and the [[Turkish War of Independence]]. ===Republic of Turkey=== The Gendarmerie organization achieved its current legal status after Law No. 1706 entered into force on June 10, 1930. In 1939, the Gendarmerie organization was restructured, having three groups: Fixed Gendarmerie Units, Mobile Gendarmerie Units, and Gendarmerie Training Units and Schools. Law No. 6815, which entered into force in 1956, assigned the Gendarmerie General Command duties such as protecting borders, coasts and territorial waters, and fighting smuggling, which had been previously carried out by the ''Gümrük Umum Kumandanlığı'' that was a military organization at the level of division in affiliation to the Ministry of Customs and Monopoly. In 1957, Gendarmerie Border Units were transformed into brigades, and Gendarmerie Training Brigades were established. In 1961, Gendarmerie Regional Commands were established. In 1968, the first Gendarmerie Aviation Unit was established in [[Diyarbakır]] under the name of Light Helicopter Company Command. In 1974, Gendarmerie Commando Units and Gendarmerie Aviation Units took part in the [[Turkish invasion of Cyprus]]. Law No. 2692 which entered into force in 1982 assigned the duty of protecting the coasts and territorial waters to the Coast Guard Command. Law No. 2803 on the Organization, Duties and Responsibilities of the Gendarmerie entered into force in 1983. Law No. 3497 entering into force in 1988 assigned the duty of protecting the land borders and ensuring their security to the Land Forces Command, but Gendarmerie General Command still holds the responsibility for some parts of the Iranian and Syrian borders and the whole Iraqi border. Gendarmerie Criminal Department was founded in [[Ankara]] in 1993 and Gendarmerie Regional Criminal Laboratory Superiorities were founded respectively in 1994 in Van, in 1998 in [[Bursa]] and in 2005 in [[Aydın]]. Crime Scene Examination Teams, Explosive Material Disposal Units, Fingerprints and Palm Prints Branches and Crime Scene Examination Units were also established. In 2016, with the amendment made in the 4th article of the Gendarmerie Command, Duties and Powers Law numbered 2803 with the decree law no. 668, the Gendarmerie General Command was affiliated to the [[Ministry of Interior (Turkey)|Ministry of Interior.]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.jandarma.gov.tr/tarihce|title=Tarihçe|website=www.jandarma.gov.tr|access-date=2020-02-08}}</ref> In 2018, [[Gendarmerie Special Operations]] participated in '[[Operation Olive Branch]]' held in the north of Syria. The Gendarmerie General Command currently operates on a 24-hour basis, with a total of 3,600 units, including 3,056 Internal Security Units, 218 Commando Units, 162 Prison Units, 160 Protection Units and 4 Aviation Units, in order to ensure the security of life and property of [[Turkey]] citizens. == Duties == The duties of the gendarmerie according to the Law No. 2803 on the Organization, Duties and Powers of the Gendarmerie; It is categorized under four main titles as judicial, military, civil and other duties.<ref>{{Cite web|url=law 2803|title=https://www.mevzuat.gov.tr/MevzuatMetin/1.5.2803.pdf|last=|first=|date=|website=|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref> === Judicial duties === * Revealing crime and criminals, * Catch of the criminals, * Transferring evidence of crime to judicial authorities, * To conduct a preparatory investigation on the instructions of the public prosecutor, * To send convicts and prisoners from penal institutions to the courthouse. === Civil duties === * To ensure that the services for general safety and security are carried out in accordance with the relevant legislation, * To carry out the services of informing the public about how to protect the society from public order crime, directing children and young people to crime and taking precautionary measures, * To evaluate the information and statistics about public order crimes, to conduct or have an analysis of the crime and to determine the methods of combating crime to prevent public order crimes by evaluating them, * Carrying out activities to prevent crime, * Preventing, pursuing and investigating smuggling, * External protection of [[Prisons in Turkey|penal institutions]] and detention centers. === Military duties === * To perform military services provided by law === Other duties === * These are duties other than judicial, military and civil duties, such as facility and personal protection and transport security, which must be carried out in accordance with laws and regulations, orders and decisions. ==Structure== [[File:Gendarme - Çankaya.jpg|thumb|Gendarmerie General Command Headquarters]] === Commands === Gendarmerie General Command Headquarters ([[Ankara]]) * Gendarmerie Security Corps Command ([[Van, Turkey]]) ** 23. Gendarmerie Border Division ([[Şırnak]]) ** 21. Gendarmerie Border Brigade ([[Yüksekova]]) ** 1. Gendarmerie Commando Brigade ([[Çakırsöğüt|Çakırsöğüt,]] [[Şırnak]]) ** 2. Gendarmerie Commando Brigade ([[Bornova]], [[İzmir|Izmir]]) * [[Gendarmerie Training Command]] ([[Ankara]], [[İncek, Gölbaşı]]) ** 1. Gendarmerie Training Battalion Command ([[Aydın]]) ** 2. Gendarmerie Training Battalion Command ([[Bilecik]]) ** 3. Gendarmerie Training Battalion Command ([[Ezine, Çanakkale|Ezine]], [[Çanakkale]]) ** 5. Gendarmerie Training Regiment Command ([[Gölköy]], [[Kastamonu]]) ** 6. Gendarmerie Commando Training Regiment Command ([[Kırkağaç]], [[Manisa]]) ** 7. Gendarmerie Commando Training Regiment Command ([[Yenifoça]], [[İzmir]]) ** Gendarmerie Combat Training Battalion Command ([[Seferihisar]], [[İzmir]]) ** Gendarmerie Transport Battalion Command ([[Söğüt]], [[Bilecik]]) ** 10. Gendarmerie Training Regiment Command ([[Bornova]], [[İzmir|Izmir]]) ** 116. Gendarmerie Private Training Regiment Command ([[Çanakkale]]) ** 121. Gendarmerie Training Regiment Command ([[Serinyol]], [[Antakya]]) ** 125. Gendarmerie Training Regiment Command ([[Safranbolu]], [[Karabük]]) ** Gendarmerie Horse and Dog Training Center Command ([[Nevşehir]]) ('''JAKEM''') * [[Gendarmerie Logistics Command]] (Güvercinlik, [[Ankara]]) * [[Gendarmerie Aviation Command]] ([[Ankara Güvercinlik Army Air Base|Güvercinlik]], [[Ankara]]) ** Gendarmerie UAV Command ([[Elazığ]] * [[Gendarmerie Special Public Security Command]] ('''JÖAK''') ** [[Gendarmerie Special Operations]] ('''JÖH''') ** [[Gendarmerie Search and Rescue Battalion Command]] ('''JAK''') ** Gendarmerie Underwater Search and Rescue Teams ('''SAK''') ** Gendarmerie Public Security Boat Commands (Security and public order services at inland waters are carried out by the Gendarmerie Public Order Boat Commands.) * [[Village guard system|Village guards]] * Prison Gendarmerie Division Commands (There are garrison stations appointed in every prison) * The Gendarmerie Band Command === Criminal units === * Provincial Gendarmerie Commands in 81 provinces & in 388 districts. ** The Crime Scene Investigation Teams (CSIT) ( Working under the Provincial and District Gendarmerie Commands systematically examine the crime scene by means of technical and scientific methods; properly gather physical evidences; pack and send them to forensic laboratories.) ** Explosive Ordnance Disposal Teams ( which have been established in tourism regions, regions with a concentration of terror incidents and big cities, dispose of explosive ordnances.) ** [[Crime scene investigation]] units ** Anti-Smuggling and Organized Crime Department (ASOCD) === Other units === * Gendarmerie Traffic Teams ** The Gendarmerie Motorcycled Public Order Teams (Round-the-clock at the highways established by the protocols in the responsibility areas of the Gendarmerie General Command.) * Gendarmerie Dog Teams * Gendarmerie Environmental Protection Teams ( Environmental Protection Teams have been established in order to protect environment, ecological balance and natural life, to protect living species and areas protected by national legislation and international conventions and to prevent environmental pollution.)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.jandarma.gov.tr/asayis/jandarma-cevre-koruma-timleri|title=Jandarma Çevre Koruma Timleri|website=www.jandarma.gov.tr|access-date=2020-02-08}}</ref> * The Gendarmerie Mounted Units (Used in performing patrolling services at resort areas, forestlands, recreation spots and museums ([[Topkapı Palace]]), and in performing preventive law enforcement services.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fiep.org/member-forces/turkish-gendarmerie/|title=Turkish Gendarmerie|last=Netherl|first=Royal|last2=Marechaussee|first2=s|website=FIEP {{!}} International Association of Gendarmeries and Police Forces with Military Statues|language=en-US|access-date=2020-02-08}}</ref> <br /> == Gallery == <gallery> File:Topkapı sarayında nöbetçi Jandarma Eri.jpg|Gendarmerie officer with an MP5 at Topkapı Palace in Istanbul File:Turkish guard.jpg|Gendarmerie officer File:Turkish Jandarma 02.JPG|Gendarmerie's [[Ford Transit]] and a trooper File:Renault Megane Jandarma squad car.JPG|Traffic gendarmerie's [[Renault Megane]] File:Jandarma vehicle.JPG|Gendarmerie interceptor File:Sivas Jandarma Kışlası (tarihî).jpg|Jandarma Barracks in Sivas built in 1908 File:Jandarma Müzesi.jpg|Gendarmerie museum File:Jandarma Komando.jpg|[[Gendarmerie Special Operations]] [[Commando]]<nowiki/>s during [[Operation Olive Branch]] File:Jandarma Helikopteri.png|Gendarmerie Helicopter File:Jandarma Kara Araçları.png|Gendarmerie land vehicles File:Jandarma also shares the road (3823879221).jpg|[[BTR-60]] still in the gendarmerie inventory File:Soma mine disaster16.JPG|[[Gendarmerie Search and Rescue Battalion Command]] teams during [[Soma mine disaster]] File:JSGA arma.gif|Gendarme Scool emblem File:Tr-Jandarma8.jpg|Sergeant gendarme rank File:EşrefBitlisJandarma.jpg|[[Eşref Bitlis]] was a general in the [[Turkish Gendarmerie]], who died in a controversial plane crash. </gallery> == The Gendarmerie Museum == [[File:Jandarma Müzesi.jpg|thumb|Museum]] The Gendarmerie Museum is established in order to reflect the developments in periodical order beginning with the foundation of the Gendarmerie organization; to exhibit its activities, heroic deeds, services in the history; to protect all kinds of military cultural assets related to the Gendarmerie by collecting them and to transfer them to the future generations. The Gendarmerie Museum in the Beytepe Lieutenant General İsmail SELEN Quarters in Ankara and is open to public.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.jandarma.gov.tr/|title=T.C. İçişleri Bakanlığı Jandarma Genel Komutanlığı|website=www.jandarma.gov.tr|access-date=2020-02-08}}</ref> <br /> ==Equipment== ===Handguns=== * [[Yavuz 16]]<ref name=silahlar>{{cite web|title=Jandarma Komutanligi|url=http://www.jandarma.tsk.tr/silahlar/silahlaric.htm|publisher=Turkish Gendarmerie|accessdate=2013-10-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141214113703/http://www.jandarma.tsk.tr/silahlar/silahlaric.htm|archive-date=2014-12-14|url-status=dead}}</ref> ===Shotguns=== * [[SPAS-12]]<ref name=silahlar/> ===Submachine guns=== * [[HK MP5]]<ref name=silahlar/> * [[FN P90|P90]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.radikal.com.tr/turkiye/hayata_donus_ilk_kez_gun_isigina_cikti-943931|title='Hayata Dönüş' ilk kez gün ışığına çıktı|date=7 July 2009|website=Radikal.com.tr|accessdate=27 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151006083051/http://www.radikal.com.tr/turkiye/hayata_donus_ilk_kez_gun_isigina_cikti-943931|archive-date=6 October 2015|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> ===Assault and battle rifles=== * [[AKM]]<ref name=silahlar/> * [[G3A7|HK G3]]<ref name=silahlar/> * [[Heckler & Koch G41|HK G41]]<ref name=silahlar/> * [[Heckler & Koch HK33|HK33A4]]<ref name=silahlar/> * [[M16 rifle|M16A1]]<ref name=silahlar/> * [[MKEK MPT-76]] ===Machine guns=== * [[Heckler & Koch HK21|HK23E]]<ref name=silahlar/> * [[RPK]] * [[M2 Browning|M2]]<ref name=silahlar/> * [[Rheinmetall MG3|MG3]]<ref name=silahlar/> * [[PK machine gun|PKM]]<ref name=silahlar/> ===Sniper rifles=== * [[Accuracy International PM|Arctic Warfare]]<ref name=silahlar/> * [[Dragunov SVD|SVD]]<ref name=silahlar/> * [[McMillan Tac-50|Tac-50]]<ref name=silahlar/> ===Rocket and grenade launchers=== * [[HK 69]]<ref name=silahlar/> * [[Milkor MGL]]<ref name=silahlar/> * [[Mk 19 grenade launcher|Mk 19]]<ref>[http://www.anahaberyorum.com/gundem/bu-silah-katoyu-pkkya-dar-etti-h8892.html ] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120912091640/http://www.anahaberyorum.com/gundem/bu-silah-katoyu-pkkya-dar-etti-h8892.html |date=September 12, 2012 }}</ref> * [[RPG-7]]<ref name=silahlar/> ===Mortars=== * [[M19 mortar|M19]]<ref name=silahlar/> * [[M29 mortar|M29]]<ref name=silahlar/> * [[Mortier 120mm Rayé Tracté Modèle F1]]<ref name=silahlar/> ===Vehicles=== {| class="wikitable" |- !style="width:7%;"|Model!!Image!!style="width:9%;"|Origin!!Type!!style="width:7%;"|Variant!!Number!!Details |- ! style="align: center; background: lavender;" colspan="7" | '''[[Armored personnel carriers]]''' |-valign="top" | [[Sisu Nasu]] || [[File:Tracked_transport_vehicle_Sisu_NA_110.JPG|170px]] || {{FIN}} || Tracked All-Terrain Vehicle || NA-140 BT || 47 || |-valign="top" | [[BMC Kirpi|Kirpi]] || [[File:2012_Eurosatory_BMC_trucks.JPG|170px]] || {{TUR}} || MRAP || Kirpi 4x4 || 200 || Based on the Israeli [[Hatehof Navigator]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.armyrecognition.com/turkey_turkish_army_wheeled_armoured_vehicles_uk/kirpi_bmc_350_mrap_armoured_vehicle_personnel_carrier_data_sheet_specifications_description_pictures.html |title=Archived copy |access-date=2016-06-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160907092045/http://www.armyrecognition.com/turkey_turkish_army_wheeled_armoured_vehicles_uk/kirpi_bmc_350_mrap_armoured_vehicle_personnel_carrier_data_sheet_specifications_description_pictures.html |archive-date=2016-09-07 |url-status=live }}</ref> |-valign="top" | [[Otokar Cobra|Cobra]] || [[File:Paradbaku98.jpg|170px]] || {{TUR}} || MRAP || Cobra I || 200 || Its suspension / wheel base is based on the American [[HMMWV]] which led some to mistakenly claim that Turkey actually uses the HMMWV as one of its utility vehicles.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.foxnews.com/leisure/2012/11/14/otokar-cobra-is-true-all-terrain-fighting-machine/|title=Otokar Cobra is a true all-terrain fighting machine|work=Fox News|accessdate=20 September 2015|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924115837/http://www.foxnews.com/leisure/2012/11/14/otokar-cobra-is-true-all-terrain-fighting-machine/|archivedate=24 September 2015}}</ref> |- |[[Otokar Akrep]] | |{{TUR}} |MRAP | |unknown |[[Turkish Land Forces]] as new models enter the equipment slowly giving the old equipment to the gendarmerie. |-valign="top" | [[Cadillac Gage Commando]] || [[File:Cadillac Gage V-150 do Exército português.jpg|170px]] || {{USA}} || Armored Personnel Carrier || V-150S || 124 || Lacking a dedicated vehicle for its reconnaissance battalions, Turkey ordered 124 LAV-150 vehicles in 1992 from the Cadillac Corporation.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tanknutdave.com/the-us-4x4-lav-100-a-lav-150-apc-family/|title=LAV-150|work=The actual source is by Army Guide _http://www.army-guide.com/eng/product3942.html_ but its been black listed for an unknown reason|accessdate=29 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160204113546/http://tanknutdave.com/the-us-4x4-lav-100-a-lav-150-apc-family/|archive-date=4 February 2016|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> |-valign="top" | [[Otokar ZPT]] || [[File:Mosul,_Iraq.jpg|170px]] || {{TUR}} || Armored Car || || 250 || After the cancellation of Akrep, Otokar started to produce cheaper alternative for the law enforcement agencies and the army. ZPT is based on [[Shorland S-55]]. |-valign="top" | [[BTR-60]] || [[File:BTR-60PB NVA.JPG|170px]] || {{USSR}}/{{GER}} || Armored Personnel Carrier || BTR-60PB || 323<ref name="globalsecurity">{{cite web|url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/intell/world/turkey/jandarma.htm|title=Jandarma|last=Pike|first=John|website=GlobalSecurity.org|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090903172733/http://www.globalsecurity.org/intell/world/turkey/jandarma.htm|archive-date=2009-09-03|accessdate=2015-12-01}}</ref>|| Bought from ex-[[GDR]] stockpile after [[German unification]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Ron|first=Harold E. Stassen Chair of International Affairs James|url=https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=b99dfVMJNRMC&pg=PA36&lpg=PA36&dq=turkey+btr60&source=bl&ots=8QBp7GvEeY&sig=ACfU3U1Xjz5WzFXE3ERVaC5fyWarqFpWxw&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjPtKLHxsHnAhWusaQKHTn1BnsQ6AEwDnoECAoQAQ#v=onepage&q=turkey%20btr60&f=false|title=Weapons Transfers and Violations of the Laws of War in Turkey|last2=Staff|first2=Human Rights Watch Arms Project|last3=Ron|first3=James|last4=Watch (Organization)|first4=Human Rights|date=1995|publisher=Human Rights Watch|isbn=978-1-56432-161-9|language=en}}</ref> All modernized. |-valign="top" | [[Condor (APC)|Condor]] || [[File:Malaysian_Condor.jpg|170px]] || {{GER}} || Armored Personnel Carrier || Condor 1 || 25<ref name=globalsecurity/> || |-valign="top" | [[Dragoon AFV|Dragoon]] || [[File:Tanqueta_militar.JPG|170px]] || {{USA}} || Armored Personnel Carrier || Dragoon 300 || 60 || |- ! style="align: center; background: lavender;" colspan="7" | '''[[Helicopters]]''' |-valign="top" | [[UH-60 Black Hawk]] || [[File:Sikorsky S-70A-24A Black Hawk, Mexico - Air Force AN2158152.jpg|170px]] || {{USA}}/{{TUR}} || Utility helicopter || S-70A || 27 || Avionics upgraded by [[Aselsan]].T-70 variant in use. 30 more on order |-valign="top" | [[UH-1 Huey]] || [[File:Agusta-Bell AB-205 MM80547 Esercito.jpg|170px]] || {{USA}}/{{TUR}} || Utility helicopter || AB-205 || 13 || Avionics upgraded by [[Aselsan]]. |-valign="top" | [[TAI/AgustaWestland T129 ATAK]] || [[File:BG12-1001 (14662033896).jpg|170px]] || {{TUR}} || Attack helicopter || T129 || 6<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://twitter.com/SavunmaSanayii/status/1060087100215844865 |title=Archived copy |access-date=2018-11-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190328224136/https://twitter.com/SavunmaSanayii/status/1060087100215844865 |archive-date=2019-03-28 |url-status=live }}</ref> || 12 more on order. Produced by [[Turkish Aerospace Industries|TAI]]. |- | [[Mil Mi-17]] || [[File:PLA Mil Mi-17-1 at Chelyabinsk Shagol Air Base.jpg|170px]] || {{RUS}}/{{TUR}} || Utility helicopter || Mi-17 IVA || 18 || Avionics upgraded by [[Aselsan]]. |- ! style="align: center; background: lavender;" colspan="7" | '''[[Unmanned combat aerial vehicle|Unmanned Aircraft Vehicles]]''' |- |[[TAI Anka]] |[[File:TAI Anka Teknofest2019 (1).jpg|170x170px]] |{{TUR}} |UAV |ANKA B |2 |[[Elazığ|Elazig]] Gendarmerie UAV command<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://twitter.com/rasimanilkunt/status/888327159164620800?lang=fr|title=Elazığ Jandarma İHA Birlik K.lığında hizmet veren ANKA İHA'lar.En sağda SARPER SAR/ISAR/GMTI ve ASELFLIR 300T ile ANKA-B dikkat çekiyor.pic.twitter.com/5q5fzXbHPM|last=Kunt|first=Rasim Anıl|date=2017T02:17|website=@rasimanilkunt|language=tr|access-date=2020-02-08}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dailymotion.com/video/x3qn1xi|title=Elazığ İnsansız Hava Aracı Anka Görevine Başladı-2 - Dailymotion Video|website=Dailymotion|language=en|access-date=2020-02-08}}</ref> |- valign="top" |[[Bayraktar Tactical UAS|Bayraktar Tactical]]||[[File:Armed Bayraktar TB2.jpg|177x177px]]||{{TUR}}|| UAV || TB2 || 12 || |- |[[Bayraktar Mini UAV]] |[[File:Mini4.jpg|180x180px]] |{{TUR}} |UAV |C |unknown | |} ==Insignia== {| style="border:1px solid #8888aa; background:#f7f8ff; padding:5px; font-size:95%; margin:0 12px 12px 0;" {{Ranks and Insignia of NATO Armies/OF/Blank}} {{Ranks and Insignia of NATO Armies/OF/Turkey}} |} {| style="border:1px solid #8888aa; background:#f7f8ff; padding:5px; font-size:95%; margin:0 12px 12px 0;" {{Ranks and Insignia of NATO Armies/OR/Blank}} {{Ranks and insignia of NATO armies/OR/Turkey}} |} * OF3, OF2, & OR2 translate to "Head of 1000", "Head of 100", and "Head of 10" respectively. ==See also== *[[List of General Commanders of the Gendarmerie of Turkey]] *[[Constabulary]] *[[Gendarmerie]] *[[Military equipment of Turkey]] ==Notes== {{reflist|group=note}} ==References== {{Reflist}} == External links == {{Commons category}} * {{Official website}} {{Law enforcement in Turkey}} {{NATO Land Forces}} {{NATO Air Forces}} {{EUROGENDFOR}} [[Category:National law enforcement agencies of Turkey|*]] [[Category:Specialist law enforcement agencies of Turkey|*]] [[Category:Gendarmerie (Turkey)|*]]'
Unified diff of changes made by edit (edit_diff)
'@@ -116,47 +116,121 @@ Explosive Material Disposal Units, Fingerprints and Palm Prints Branches and Crime Scene Examination Units were also established. -Since 1984, Gendarmerie units have been the most important element of [[Kurdish–Turkish conflict|the conflict against Kurdish separatists]]. +In 2016, with the amendment made in the 4th article of the Gendarmerie Command, Duties and Powers Law numbered 2803 with the decree law no. 668, the Gendarmerie General Command was affiliated to the [[Ministry of Interior (Turkey)|Ministry of Interior.]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.jandarma.gov.tr/tarihce|title=Tarihçe|website=www.jandarma.gov.tr|access-date=2020-02-08}}</ref> -As of September 2017, around 310 civilians, including 90 children and women, have been killed by the Turkish gendarmerie at the Syrian-Turkish border since the beginning of the Syrian civil war.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.syriahr.com/en/?p=73547 |title=Archived copy |access-date=2017-09-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170913154614/http://www.syriahr.com/en/?p=73547 |archive-date=2017-09-13 |url-status=live }}</ref> +In 2018, [[Gendarmerie Special Operations]] participated in '[[Operation Olive Branch]]' held in the north of Syria. -On January 21st, 2020 Turkish gendarmerie shot and killed four civilians attempting to flee [[Idlib Governorate|Idlib]] and cross the Syrian-Turkish border at Khirbet Al-Joz. The civilians were one man, two women and one child.<ref>https://twitter.com/LindseySnell/status/1219696558091972609</ref> +The Gendarmerie General Command currently operates on a 24-hour basis, with a total of 3,600 units, including 3,056 Internal Security Units, 218 Commando Units, 162 Prison Units, 160 Protection Units and 4 Aviation Units, in order to ensure the security of life and property of [[Turkey]] citizens. + + +== Duties == +The duties of the gendarmerie according to the Law No. 2803 on the Organization, Duties and Powers of the Gendarmerie; It is categorized under four main titles as judicial, military, civil and other duties.<ref>{{Cite web|url=law 2803|title=https://www.mevzuat.gov.tr/MevzuatMetin/1.5.2803.pdf|last=|first=|date=|website=|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref> + +=== Judicial duties === + +* Revealing crime and criminals, +* Catch of the criminals, +* Transferring evidence of crime to judicial authorities, +* To conduct a preparatory investigation on the instructions of the public prosecutor, +* To send convicts and prisoners from penal institutions to the courthouse. + +=== Civil duties === + +* To ensure that the services for general safety and security are carried out in accordance with the relevant legislation, +* To carry out the services of informing the public about how to protect the society from public order crime, directing children and young people to crime and taking precautionary measures, +* To evaluate the information and statistics about public order crimes, to conduct or have an analysis of the crime and to determine the methods of combating crime to prevent public order crimes by evaluating them, +* Carrying out activities to prevent crime, +* Preventing, pursuing and investigating smuggling, +* External protection of [[Prisons in Turkey|penal institutions]] and detention centers. + +=== Military duties === + +* To perform military services provided by law + +=== Other duties === + +* These are duties other than judicial, military and civil duties, such as facility and personal protection and transport security, which must be carried out in accordance with laws and regulations, orders and decisions. ==Structure== -The Turkish Gendarmerie comprises the following commands:<ref name=globalsecurity>{{cite web|url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/intell/world/turkey/jandarma.htm|website=GlobalSecurity.org|first=John|last=Pike|title=Jandarma|accessdate=2015-12-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090903172733/http://www.globalsecurity.org/intell/world/turkey/jandarma.htm|archive-date=2009-09-03|url-status=live}}</ref> +[[File:Gendarme - Çankaya.jpg|thumb|Gendarmerie General Command Headquarters]] -* Personnel -* Intelligence -* Operations -* Logistics +=== Commands === +Gendarmerie General Command Headquarters ([[Ankara]]) -The General Command is composed of:<ref>{{cite web -|url=http://www.jandarma.tsk.tr/ing/organization.htm -|accessdate=2008-11-22 -|title=Organizational Structure -|work=General Command of Gendarmerie -|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090721013630/http://www.jandarma.tsk.tr/ing/organization.htm -|archive-date=2009-07-21 -|url-status=dead -}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/europe/tu-gendarmerie.htm|title=Turkey - Gendarmerie General Command Jandarma Genel Komutanlýðý|author=John Pike|website=Globalsecurity.org|accessdate=27 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160111030436/http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/europe/tu-gendarmerie.htm|archive-date=11 January 2016|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> +* Gendarmerie Security Corps Command ([[Van, Turkey]]) +** 23. Gendarmerie Border Division ([[Şırnak]]) +** 21. Gendarmerie Border Brigade ([[Yüksekova]]) +** 1. Gendarmerie Commando Brigade ([[Çakırsöğüt|Çakırsöğüt,]] [[Şırnak]]) +** 2. Gendarmerie Commando Brigade ([[Bornova]], [[İzmir|Izmir]]) +* [[Gendarmerie Training Command]] ([[Ankara]], [[İncek, Gölbaşı]]) +** 1. Gendarmerie Training Battalion Command ([[Aydın]]) +** 2. Gendarmerie Training Battalion Command ([[Bilecik]]) +** 3. Gendarmerie Training Battalion Command ([[Ezine, Çanakkale|Ezine]], [[Çanakkale]]) +** 5. Gendarmerie Training Regiment Command ([[Gölköy]], [[Kastamonu]]) +** 6. Gendarmerie Commando Training Regiment Command ([[Kırkağaç]], [[Manisa]]) +** 7. Gendarmerie Commando Training Regiment Command ([[Yenifoça]], [[İzmir]]) +** Gendarmerie Combat Training Battalion Command ([[Seferihisar]], [[İzmir]]) +** Gendarmerie Transport Battalion Command ([[Söğüt]], [[Bilecik]]) +** 10. Gendarmerie Training Regiment Command ([[Bornova]], [[İzmir|Izmir]]) +** 116. Gendarmerie Private Training Regiment Command ([[Çanakkale]]) +** 121. Gendarmerie Training Regiment Command ([[Serinyol]], [[Antakya]]) +** 125. Gendarmerie Training Regiment Command ([[Safranbolu]], [[Karabük]]) +** Gendarmerie Horse and Dog Training Center Command ([[Nevşehir]]) ('''JAKEM''') +* [[Gendarmerie Logistics Command]] (Güvercinlik, [[Ankara]]) +* [[Gendarmerie Aviation Command]] ([[Ankara Güvercinlik Army Air Base|Güvercinlik]], [[Ankara]]) +** Gendarmerie UAV Command ([[Elazığ]] +* [[Gendarmerie Special Public Security Command]] ('''JÖAK''') +** [[Gendarmerie Special Operations]] ('''JÖH''') +** [[Gendarmerie Search and Rescue Battalion Command]] ('''JAK''') +** Gendarmerie Underwater Search and Rescue Teams ('''SAK''') +** Gendarmerie Public Security Boat Commands (Security and public order services at inland waters are carried out by the Gendarmerie Public Order Boat Commands.) +* [[Village guard system|Village guards]] +* Prison Gendarmerie Division Commands (There are garrison stations appointed in every prison) +* The Gendarmerie Band Command -*The headquarters -*Internal security units -**[[Village guard system|Village guards]] -*Border units -*Training units -*Gendarmerie schools -*Administrative and logistics support units -*Special Forces -**[[Gendarmerie Special Operations]] -**[[Gendarmerie Special Public Security Command]] -**[[Gendarmerie Search and Rescue Battalion Command]] +=== Criminal units === +* Provincial Gendarmerie Commands in 81 provinces & in 388 districts. +** The Crime Scene Investigation Teams (CSIT) ( Working under the Provincial and District Gendarmerie Commands systematically examine the crime scene by means of technical and scientific methods; properly gather physical evidences; pack and send them to forensic laboratories.) +** Explosive Ordnance Disposal Teams ( which have been established in tourism regions, regions with a concentration of terror incidents and big cities, dispose of explosive ordnances.) +** [[Crime scene investigation]] units +** Anti-Smuggling and Organized Crime Department (ASOCD) + +=== Other units === + +* Gendarmerie Traffic Teams +** The Gendarmerie Motorcycled Public Order Teams (Round-the-clock at the highways established by the protocols in the responsibility areas of the Gendarmerie General Command.) +* Gendarmerie Dog Teams +* Gendarmerie Environmental Protection Teams ( Environmental Protection Teams have been established in order to protect environment, ecological balance and natural life, to protect living species and areas protected by national legislation and international conventions and to prevent environmental pollution.)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.jandarma.gov.tr/asayis/jandarma-cevre-koruma-timleri|title=Jandarma Çevre Koruma Timleri|website=www.jandarma.gov.tr|access-date=2020-02-08}}</ref> +* The Gendarmerie Mounted Units (Used in performing patrolling services at resort areas, forestlands, recreation spots and museums ([[Topkapı Palace]]), and in performing preventive law enforcement services.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fiep.org/member-forces/turkish-gendarmerie/|title=Turkish Gendarmerie|last=Netherl|first=Royal|last2=Marechaussee|first2=s|website=FIEP {{!}} International Association of Gendarmeries and Police Forces with Military Statues|language=en-US|access-date=2020-02-08}}</ref> + +<br /> + +== Gallery == <gallery> File:Topkapı sarayında nöbetçi Jandarma Eri.jpg|Gendarmerie officer with an MP5 at Topkapı Palace in Istanbul +File:Turkish guard.jpg|Gendarmerie officer File:Turkish Jandarma 02.JPG|Gendarmerie's [[Ford Transit]] and a trooper File:Renault Megane Jandarma squad car.JPG|Traffic gendarmerie's [[Renault Megane]] +File:Jandarma vehicle.JPG|Gendarmerie interceptor File:Sivas Jandarma Kışlası (tarihî).jpg|Jandarma Barracks in Sivas built in 1908 +File:Jandarma Müzesi.jpg|Gendarmerie museum +File:Jandarma Komando.jpg|[[Gendarmerie Special Operations]] [[Commando]]<nowiki/>s during [[Operation Olive Branch]] +File:Jandarma Helikopteri.png|Gendarmerie Helicopter +File:Jandarma Kara Araçları.png|Gendarmerie land vehicles +File:Jandarma also shares the road (3823879221).jpg|[[BTR-60]] still in the gendarmerie inventory +File:Soma mine disaster16.JPG|[[Gendarmerie Search and Rescue Battalion Command]] teams during [[Soma mine disaster]] +File:JSGA arma.gif|Gendarme Scool emblem +File:Tr-Jandarma8.jpg|Sergeant gendarme rank +File:EşrefBitlisJandarma.jpg|[[Eşref Bitlis]] was a general in the [[Turkish Gendarmerie]], who died in a controversial plane crash. </gallery> + +== The Gendarmerie Museum == +[[File:Jandarma Müzesi.jpg|thumb|Museum]] +The Gendarmerie Museum is established in order to reflect the developments in periodical order beginning with the foundation of the Gendarmerie organization; to exhibit its activities, heroic deeds, services in the history; to protect all kinds of military cultural assets related to the Gendarmerie by collecting them and to transfer them to the future generations. The Gendarmerie Museum in the Beytepe Lieutenant General İsmail SELEN Quarters in Ankara and is open to public.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.jandarma.gov.tr/|title=T.C. İçişleri Bakanlığı Jandarma Genel Komutanlığı|website=www.jandarma.gov.tr|access-date=2020-02-08}}</ref> + + + +<br /> ==Equipment== @@ -214,4 +288,12 @@ |-valign="top" | [[Otokar Cobra|Cobra]] || [[File:Paradbaku98.jpg|170px]] || {{TUR}} || MRAP || Cobra I || 200 || Its suspension / wheel base is based on the American [[HMMWV]] which led some to mistakenly claim that Turkey actually uses the HMMWV as one of its utility vehicles.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.foxnews.com/leisure/2012/11/14/otokar-cobra-is-true-all-terrain-fighting-machine/|title=Otokar Cobra is a true all-terrain fighting machine|work=Fox News|accessdate=20 September 2015|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924115837/http://www.foxnews.com/leisure/2012/11/14/otokar-cobra-is-true-all-terrain-fighting-machine/|archivedate=24 September 2015}}</ref> +|- +|[[Otokar Akrep]] +| +|{{TUR}} +|MRAP +| +|unknown +|[[Turkish Land Forces]] as new models enter the equipment slowly giving the old equipment to the gendarmerie. |-valign="top" | [[Cadillac Gage Commando]] || [[File:Cadillac Gage V-150 do Exército português.jpg|170px]] || {{USA}} || Armored Personnel Carrier || V-150S || 124 || Lacking a dedicated vehicle for its reconnaissance battalions, Turkey ordered 124 LAV-150 vehicles in 1992 from the Cadillac Corporation.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tanknutdave.com/the-us-4x4-lav-100-a-lav-150-apc-family/|title=LAV-150|work=The actual source is by Army Guide _http://www.army-guide.com/eng/product3942.html_ but its been black listed for an unknown reason|accessdate=29 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160204113546/http://tanknutdave.com/the-us-4x4-lav-100-a-lav-150-apc-family/|archive-date=4 February 2016|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> @@ -219,5 +301,5 @@ | [[Otokar ZPT]] || [[File:Mosul,_Iraq.jpg|170px]] || {{TUR}} || Armored Car || || 250 || After the cancellation of Akrep, Otokar started to produce cheaper alternative for the law enforcement agencies and the army. ZPT is based on [[Shorland S-55]]. |-valign="top" -| [[BTR-60]] || [[File:BTR-60PB NVA.JPG|170px]] || {{USSR}}/{{GER}} || Armored Personnel Carrier || BTR-60PB || 323<ref name=globalsecurity/> || Bought from ex-[[GDR]] stockpile after [[German unification]].{{Citation needed|date=June 2016}} All modernized. +| [[BTR-60]] || [[File:BTR-60PB NVA.JPG|170px]] || {{USSR}}/{{GER}} || Armored Personnel Carrier || BTR-60PB || 323<ref name="globalsecurity">{{cite web|url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/intell/world/turkey/jandarma.htm|title=Jandarma|last=Pike|first=John|website=GlobalSecurity.org|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090903172733/http://www.globalsecurity.org/intell/world/turkey/jandarma.htm|archive-date=2009-09-03|accessdate=2015-12-01}}</ref>|| Bought from ex-[[GDR]] stockpile after [[German unification]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Ron|first=Harold E. Stassen Chair of International Affairs James|url=https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=b99dfVMJNRMC&pg=PA36&lpg=PA36&dq=turkey+btr60&source=bl&ots=8QBp7GvEeY&sig=ACfU3U1Xjz5WzFXE3ERVaC5fyWarqFpWxw&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjPtKLHxsHnAhWusaQKHTn1BnsQ6AEwDnoECAoQAQ#v=onepage&q=turkey%20btr60&f=false|title=Weapons Transfers and Violations of the Laws of War in Turkey|last2=Staff|first2=Human Rights Watch Arms Project|last3=Ron|first3=James|last4=Watch (Organization)|first4=Human Rights|date=1995|publisher=Human Rights Watch|isbn=978-1-56432-161-9|language=en}}</ref> All modernized. |-valign="top" | [[Condor (APC)|Condor]] || [[File:Malaysian_Condor.jpg|170px]] || {{GER}} || Armored Personnel Carrier || Condor 1 || 25<ref name=globalsecurity/> || @@ -236,7 +318,22 @@ |- ! style="align: center; background: lavender;" colspan="7" | '''[[Unmanned combat aerial vehicle|Unmanned Aircraft Vehicles]]''' -|-valign="top" -| [[Bayraktar Tactical UAS|Bayraktar Tactical]] || [[File:Armed Bayraktar TB2.jpg|170x170px]] || {{TUR}} || UAV || TB2 || 12 || - +|- +|[[TAI Anka]] +|[[File:TAI Anka Teknofest2019 (1).jpg|170x170px]] +|{{TUR}} +|UAV +|ANKA B +|2 +|[[Elazığ|Elazig]] Gendarmerie UAV command<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://twitter.com/rasimanilkunt/status/888327159164620800?lang=fr|title=Elazığ Jandarma İHA Birlik K.lığında hizmet veren ANKA İHA'lar.En sağda SARPER SAR/ISAR/GMTI ve ASELFLIR 300T ile ANKA-B dikkat çekiyor.pic.twitter.com/5q5fzXbHPM|last=Kunt|first=Rasim Anıl|date=2017T02:17|website=@rasimanilkunt|language=tr|access-date=2020-02-08}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dailymotion.com/video/x3qn1xi|title=Elazığ İnsansız Hava Aracı Anka Görevine Başladı-2 - Dailymotion Video|website=Dailymotion|language=en|access-date=2020-02-08}}</ref> +|- valign="top" +|[[Bayraktar Tactical UAS|Bayraktar Tactical]]||[[File:Armed Bayraktar TB2.jpg|177x177px]]||{{TUR}}|| UAV || TB2 || 12 || +|- +|[[Bayraktar Mini UAV]] +|[[File:Mini4.jpg|180x180px]] +|{{TUR}} +|UAV +|C +|unknown +| |} '
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[ 0 => 'In 2016, with the amendment made in the 4th article of the Gendarmerie Command, Duties and Powers Law numbered 2803 with the decree law no. 668, the Gendarmerie General Command was affiliated to the [[Ministry of Interior (Turkey)|Ministry of Interior.]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.jandarma.gov.tr/tarihce|title=Tarihçe|website=www.jandarma.gov.tr|access-date=2020-02-08}}</ref>', 1 => 'In 2018, [[Gendarmerie Special Operations]] participated in '[[Operation Olive Branch]]' held in the north of Syria.', 2 => 'The Gendarmerie General Command currently operates on a 24-hour basis, with a total of 3,600 units, including 3,056 Internal Security Units, 218 Commando Units, 162 Prison Units, 160 Protection Units and 4 Aviation Units, in order to ensure the security of life and property of [[Turkey]] citizens.', 3 => '', 4 => '', 5 => '== Duties ==', 6 => 'The duties of the gendarmerie according to the Law No. 2803 on the Organization, Duties and Powers of the Gendarmerie; It is categorized under four main titles as judicial, military, civil and other duties.<ref>{{Cite web|url=law 2803|title=https://www.mevzuat.gov.tr/MevzuatMetin/1.5.2803.pdf|last=|first=|date=|website=|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref>', 7 => '', 8 => '=== Judicial duties ===', 9 => '', 10 => '* Revealing crime and criminals,', 11 => '* Catch of the criminals,', 12 => '* Transferring evidence of crime to judicial authorities,', 13 => '* To conduct a preparatory investigation on the instructions of the public prosecutor,', 14 => '* To send convicts and prisoners from penal institutions to the courthouse.', 15 => '', 16 => '=== Civil duties ===', 17 => '', 18 => '* To ensure that the services for general safety and security are carried out in accordance with the relevant legislation,', 19 => '* To carry out the services of informing the public about how to protect the society from public order crime, directing children and young people to crime and taking precautionary measures,', 20 => '* To evaluate the information and statistics about public order crimes, to conduct or have an analysis of the crime and to determine the methods of combating crime to prevent public order crimes by evaluating them,', 21 => '* Carrying out activities to prevent crime,', 22 => '* Preventing, pursuing and investigating smuggling,', 23 => '* External protection of [[Prisons in Turkey|penal institutions]] and detention centers.', 24 => '', 25 => '=== Military duties ===', 26 => '', 27 => '* To perform military services provided by law', 28 => '', 29 => '=== Other duties ===', 30 => '', 31 => '* These are duties other than judicial, military and civil duties, such as facility and personal protection and transport security, which must be carried out in accordance with laws and regulations, orders and decisions.', 32 => '[[File:Gendarme - Çankaya.jpg|thumb|Gendarmerie General Command Headquarters]]', 33 => '=== Commands ===', 34 => 'Gendarmerie General Command Headquarters ([[Ankara]])', 35 => '* Gendarmerie Security Corps Command ([[Van, Turkey]])', 36 => '** 23. Gendarmerie Border Division ([[Şırnak]])', 37 => '** 21. Gendarmerie Border Brigade ([[Yüksekova]])', 38 => '** 1. Gendarmerie Commando Brigade ([[Çakırsöğüt|Çakırsöğüt,]] [[Şırnak]])', 39 => '** 2. Gendarmerie Commando Brigade ([[Bornova]], [[İzmir|Izmir]])', 40 => '* [[Gendarmerie Training Command]] ([[Ankara]], [[İncek, Gölbaşı]])', 41 => '** 1. Gendarmerie Training Battalion Command ([[Aydın]])', 42 => '** 2. Gendarmerie Training Battalion Command ([[Bilecik]]) ', 43 => '** 3. Gendarmerie Training Battalion Command ([[Ezine, Çanakkale|Ezine]], [[Çanakkale]])', 44 => '** 5. Gendarmerie Training Regiment Command ([[Gölköy]], [[Kastamonu]])', 45 => '** 6. Gendarmerie Commando Training Regiment Command ([[Kırkağaç]], [[Manisa]])', 46 => '** 7. Gendarmerie Commando Training Regiment Command ([[Yenifoça]], [[İzmir]])', 47 => '** Gendarmerie Combat Training Battalion Command ([[Seferihisar]], [[İzmir]])', 48 => '** Gendarmerie Transport Battalion Command ([[Söğüt]], [[Bilecik]])', 49 => '** 10. Gendarmerie Training Regiment Command ([[Bornova]], [[İzmir|Izmir]])', 50 => '** 116. Gendarmerie Private Training Regiment Command ([[Çanakkale]])', 51 => '** 121. Gendarmerie Training Regiment Command ([[Serinyol]], [[Antakya]])', 52 => '** 125. Gendarmerie Training Regiment Command ([[Safranbolu]], [[Karabük]])', 53 => '** Gendarmerie Horse and Dog Training Center Command ([[Nevşehir]]) ('''JAKEM''')', 54 => '* [[Gendarmerie Logistics Command]] (Güvercinlik, [[Ankara]])', 55 => '* [[Gendarmerie Aviation Command]] ([[Ankara Güvercinlik Army Air Base|Güvercinlik]], [[Ankara]])', 56 => '** Gendarmerie UAV Command ([[Elazığ]]', 57 => '* [[Gendarmerie Special Public Security Command]] ('''JÖAK''')', 58 => '** [[Gendarmerie Special Operations]] ('''JÖH''')', 59 => '** [[Gendarmerie Search and Rescue Battalion Command]] ('''JAK''')', 60 => '** Gendarmerie Underwater Search and Rescue Teams ('''SAK''')', 61 => '** Gendarmerie Public Security Boat Commands (Security and public order services at inland waters are carried out by the Gendarmerie Public Order Boat Commands.)', 62 => '* [[Village guard system|Village guards]]', 63 => '* Prison Gendarmerie Division Commands (There are garrison stations appointed in every prison)', 64 => '* The Gendarmerie Band Command', 65 => '=== Criminal units ===', 66 => '* Provincial Gendarmerie Commands in 81 provinces & in 388 districts.', 67 => '** The Crime Scene Investigation Teams (CSIT) ( Working under the Provincial and District Gendarmerie Commands systematically examine the crime scene by means of technical and scientific methods; properly gather physical evidences; pack and send them to forensic laboratories.)', 68 => '** Explosive Ordnance Disposal Teams ( which have been established in tourism regions, regions with a concentration of terror incidents and big cities, dispose of explosive ordnances.)', 69 => '** [[Crime scene investigation]] units ', 70 => '** Anti-Smuggling and Organized Crime Department (ASOCD)', 71 => '', 72 => '=== Other units ===', 73 => '', 74 => '* Gendarmerie Traffic Teams ', 75 => '** The Gendarmerie Motorcycled Public Order Teams (Round-the-clock at the highways established by the protocols in the responsibility areas of the Gendarmerie General Command.)', 76 => '* Gendarmerie Dog Teams', 77 => '* Gendarmerie Environmental Protection Teams ( Environmental Protection Teams have been established in order to protect environment, ecological balance and natural life, to protect living species and areas protected by national legislation and international conventions and to prevent environmental pollution.)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.jandarma.gov.tr/asayis/jandarma-cevre-koruma-timleri|title=Jandarma Çevre Koruma Timleri|website=www.jandarma.gov.tr|access-date=2020-02-08}}</ref>', 78 => '* The Gendarmerie Mounted Units (Used in performing patrolling services at resort areas, forestlands, recreation spots and museums ([[Topkapı Palace]]), and in performing preventive law enforcement services.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fiep.org/member-forces/turkish-gendarmerie/|title=Turkish Gendarmerie|last=Netherl|first=Royal|last2=Marechaussee|first2=s|website=FIEP {{!}} International Association of Gendarmeries and Police Forces with Military Statues|language=en-US|access-date=2020-02-08}}</ref>', 79 => '', 80 => '<br />', 81 => '', 82 => '== Gallery ==', 83 => 'File:Turkish guard.jpg|Gendarmerie officer', 84 => 'File:Jandarma vehicle.JPG|Gendarmerie interceptor', 85 => 'File:Jandarma Müzesi.jpg|Gendarmerie museum', 86 => 'File:Jandarma Komando.jpg|[[Gendarmerie Special Operations]] [[Commando]]<nowiki/>s during [[Operation Olive Branch]]', 87 => 'File:Jandarma Helikopteri.png|Gendarmerie Helicopter', 88 => 'File:Jandarma Kara Araçları.png|Gendarmerie land vehicles', 89 => 'File:Jandarma also shares the road (3823879221).jpg|[[BTR-60]] still in the gendarmerie inventory', 90 => 'File:Soma mine disaster16.JPG|[[Gendarmerie Search and Rescue Battalion Command]] teams during [[Soma mine disaster]]', 91 => 'File:JSGA arma.gif|Gendarme Scool emblem', 92 => 'File:Tr-Jandarma8.jpg|Sergeant gendarme rank', 93 => 'File:EşrefBitlisJandarma.jpg|[[Eşref Bitlis]] was a general in the [[Turkish Gendarmerie]], who died in a controversial plane crash.', 94 => '', 95 => '== The Gendarmerie Museum ==', 96 => '[[File:Jandarma Müzesi.jpg|thumb|Museum]]', 97 => 'The Gendarmerie Museum is established in order to reflect the developments in periodical order beginning with the foundation of the Gendarmerie organization; to exhibit its activities, heroic deeds, services in the history; to protect all kinds of military cultural assets related to the Gendarmerie by collecting them and to transfer them to the future generations. The Gendarmerie Museum in the Beytepe Lieutenant General İsmail SELEN Quarters in Ankara and is open to public.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.jandarma.gov.tr/|title=T.C. İçişleri Bakanlığı Jandarma Genel Komutanlığı|website=www.jandarma.gov.tr|access-date=2020-02-08}}</ref>', 98 => '', 99 => '', 100 => '', 101 => '<br />', 102 => '|-', 103 => '|[[Otokar Akrep]]', 104 => '|', 105 => '|{{TUR}}', 106 => '|MRAP', 107 => '|', 108 => '|unknown', 109 => '|[[Turkish Land Forces]] as new models enter the equipment slowly giving the old equipment to the gendarmerie.', 110 => '| [[BTR-60]] || [[File:BTR-60PB NVA.JPG|170px]] || {{USSR}}/{{GER}} || Armored Personnel Carrier || BTR-60PB || 323<ref name="globalsecurity">{{cite web|url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/intell/world/turkey/jandarma.htm|title=Jandarma|last=Pike|first=John|website=GlobalSecurity.org|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090903172733/http://www.globalsecurity.org/intell/world/turkey/jandarma.htm|archive-date=2009-09-03|accessdate=2015-12-01}}</ref>|| Bought from ex-[[GDR]] stockpile after [[German unification]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Ron|first=Harold E. Stassen Chair of International Affairs James|url=https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=b99dfVMJNRMC&pg=PA36&lpg=PA36&dq=turkey+btr60&source=bl&ots=8QBp7GvEeY&sig=ACfU3U1Xjz5WzFXE3ERVaC5fyWarqFpWxw&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjPtKLHxsHnAhWusaQKHTn1BnsQ6AEwDnoECAoQAQ#v=onepage&q=turkey%20btr60&f=false|title=Weapons Transfers and Violations of the Laws of War in Turkey|last2=Staff|first2=Human Rights Watch Arms Project|last3=Ron|first3=James|last4=Watch (Organization)|first4=Human Rights|date=1995|publisher=Human Rights Watch|isbn=978-1-56432-161-9|language=en}}</ref> All modernized.', 111 => '|-', 112 => '|[[TAI Anka]]', 113 => '|[[File:TAI Anka Teknofest2019 (1).jpg|170x170px]]', 114 => '|{{TUR}}', 115 => '|UAV', 116 => '|ANKA B', 117 => '|2', 118 => '|[[Elazığ|Elazig]] Gendarmerie UAV command<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://twitter.com/rasimanilkunt/status/888327159164620800?lang=fr|title=Elazığ Jandarma İHA Birlik K.lığında hizmet veren ANKA İHA'lar.En sağda SARPER SAR/ISAR/GMTI ve ASELFLIR 300T ile ANKA-B dikkat çekiyor.pic.twitter.com/5q5fzXbHPM|last=Kunt|first=Rasim Anıl|date=2017T02:17|website=@rasimanilkunt|language=tr|access-date=2020-02-08}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dailymotion.com/video/x3qn1xi|title=Elazığ İnsansız Hava Aracı Anka Görevine Başladı-2 - Dailymotion Video|website=Dailymotion|language=en|access-date=2020-02-08}}</ref>', 119 => '|- valign="top"', 120 => '|[[Bayraktar Tactical UAS|Bayraktar Tactical]]||[[File:Armed Bayraktar TB2.jpg|177x177px]]||{{TUR}}|| UAV || TB2 || 12 || ', 121 => '|-', 122 => '|[[Bayraktar Mini UAV]]', 123 => '|[[File:Mini4.jpg|180x180px]]', 124 => '|{{TUR}}', 125 => '|UAV', 126 => '|C', 127 => '|unknown', 128 => '|' ]
Lines removed in edit (removed_lines)
[ 0 => 'Since 1984, Gendarmerie units have been the most important element of [[Kurdish–Turkish conflict|the conflict against Kurdish separatists]].', 1 => 'As of September 2017, around 310 civilians, including 90 children and women, have been killed by the Turkish gendarmerie at the Syrian-Turkish border since the beginning of the Syrian civil war.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.syriahr.com/en/?p=73547 |title=Archived copy |access-date=2017-09-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170913154614/http://www.syriahr.com/en/?p=73547 |archive-date=2017-09-13 |url-status=live }}</ref>', 2 => 'On January 21st, 2020 Turkish gendarmerie shot and killed four civilians attempting to flee [[Idlib Governorate|Idlib]] and cross the Syrian-Turkish border at Khirbet Al-Joz. The civilians were one man, two women and one child.<ref>https://twitter.com/LindseySnell/status/1219696558091972609</ref>', 3 => 'The Turkish Gendarmerie comprises the following commands:<ref name=globalsecurity>{{cite web|url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/intell/world/turkey/jandarma.htm|website=GlobalSecurity.org|first=John|last=Pike|title=Jandarma|accessdate=2015-12-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090903172733/http://www.globalsecurity.org/intell/world/turkey/jandarma.htm|archive-date=2009-09-03|url-status=live}}</ref>', 4 => '* Personnel', 5 => '* Intelligence', 6 => '* Operations', 7 => '* Logistics', 8 => 'The General Command is composed of:<ref>{{cite web', 9 => '|url=http://www.jandarma.tsk.tr/ing/organization.htm', 10 => '|accessdate=2008-11-22', 11 => '|title=Organizational Structure', 12 => '|work=General Command of Gendarmerie', 13 => '|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090721013630/http://www.jandarma.tsk.tr/ing/organization.htm', 14 => '|archive-date=2009-07-21', 15 => '|url-status=dead', 16 => '}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/europe/tu-gendarmerie.htm|title=Turkey - Gendarmerie General Command Jandarma Genel Komutanlýðý|author=John Pike|website=Globalsecurity.org|accessdate=27 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160111030436/http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/europe/tu-gendarmerie.htm|archive-date=11 January 2016|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref>', 17 => '*The headquarters', 18 => '*Internal security units', 19 => '**[[Village guard system|Village guards]]', 20 => '*Border units', 21 => '*Training units', 22 => '*Gendarmerie schools', 23 => '*Administrative and logistics support units', 24 => '*Special Forces', 25 => '**[[Gendarmerie Special Operations]]', 26 => '**[[Gendarmerie Special Public Security Command]]', 27 => '**[[Gendarmerie Search and Rescue Battalion Command]] ', 28 => '| [[BTR-60]] || [[File:BTR-60PB NVA.JPG|170px]] || {{USSR}}/{{GER}} || Armored Personnel Carrier || BTR-60PB || 323<ref name=globalsecurity/> || Bought from ex-[[GDR]] stockpile after [[German unification]].{{Citation needed|date=June 2016}} All modernized.', 29 => '|-valign="top"', 30 => '| [[Bayraktar Tactical UAS|Bayraktar Tactical]] || [[File:Armed Bayraktar TB2.jpg|170x170px]] || {{TUR}} || UAV || TB2 || 12 || ', 31 => '' ]
Whether or not the change was made through a Tor exit node (tor_exit_node)
false
Unix timestamp of change (timestamp)
1581158560