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'{{short description|American author and diplomat}} {{About|President John F. Kennedy's daughter|John F. Kennedy Jr.'s wife|Carolyn Bessette-Kennedy}} {{Use mdy dates|date=June 2019}} {{Infobox officeholder |name = Caroline Kennedy |office = 29th [[United States Ambassador to Japan]] |image = Caroline Kennedy US State Dept photo.jpg |deputy = Jason Hyland |predecessor = [[John Roos]] |president = [[Barack Obama]] |successor = [[Bill Hagerty (politician)|Bill Hagerty]] |party = [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] |birth_name = Caroline Bouvier Kennedy |birth_date = {{birth date and age|1957|11|27}} |birth_place = [[New York City]], [[New York (state)|New York]], U.S. |death_date = |death_place = |spouse = {{marriage|[[Edwin Schlossberg]]|July 19, 1986|2015|end={{abbr|sep.|separated}}}} |relatives = [[Kennedy family]] |children = {{hlist|[[Rose Schlossberg|Rose]]|[[Tatiana Schlossberg|Tatiana]]|[[Jack Schlossberg|Jack]]}} |parents = {{plainlist| * [[John F. Kennedy]] * [[Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis|Jacqueline Kennedy]] }} |term_start = November 19, 2013 |term_end = January 18, 2017 |education = [[Radcliffe College]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]])<br />[[Columbia University]] ([[Juris Doctor|JD]]) }} '''Caroline Bouvier Kennedy'''<!-- PLEASE DO NOT ADD SCHLOSSBERG HERE - SHE NEVER CHANGED HER NAME - READ THE SOURCES --><ref name="no name change"/><ref name="Larry King name"/> (born November 27, 1957)<ref name=JFKLibrary_profile/> is an American author, [[Lawyer|attorney]], and [[diplomat]] who served as the [[United States Ambassador to Japan]] from 2013 to 2017.<ref>{{cite web| title=United States Embassy To Japan – Former Ambassadors| url=http://jp.usembassy.gov/our-relationship/our-ambassador/former-ambassadors| access-date=May 7, 2017}}</ref> She is a member of the [[Kennedy family]] and the only surviving child of [[President of the United States|President]] [[John F. Kennedy]] and [[First Lady of the United States|First Lady]] [[Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis|Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy]]. Kennedy was five days shy of her sixth birthday when [[Assassination of John F. Kennedy|her father was assassinated]] on November 22, 1963. The following year, Caroline, her mother, and brother [[John F. Kennedy Jr.]] settled on the [[Upper East Side]] of [[Manhattan]], where she attended school. Kennedy graduated from [[Radcliffe College]] and worked at Manhattan's [[Metropolitan Museum of Art]], where she met her future husband, exhibit designer [[Edwin Schlossberg]]. She later earned a [[Juris Doctor|J.D.]] degree from [[Columbia Law School]]. Most of Kennedy's professional life has spanned [[law]] and [[politics]], as well as education reform and charitable work. She has also acted as a spokesperson for her family's legacy and co-authored [[#Works published|two books]] with Ellen Aldermanon on [[civil liberties]]. Early in the primary race for the [[2008 United States presidential election|2008 presidential election]], Kennedy and her uncle, [[Ted Kennedy]], endorsed Democratic candidate [[Barack Obama]]; she later [[Stump speech (politics)|stumped]] for him in [[Florida]], [[Indiana]], and [[Ohio]], served as co-chair of his [[Democratic Party (United States) vice presidential candidates, 2008|Vice Presidential Search Committee]], and addressed the [[2008 Democratic National Convention]] in [[Denver]].<ref>Gary Ginsberg on her campaigning for Obama; cited in [[Larissa MacFarquhar|MacFarquhar, Larissa]] (April 18, 2009). "The Kennedy Who Couldn't". ''[[The Age]]'': Good Weekend supplement (pp. 12–16).</ref> After Obama selected United States Senator [[Hillary Clinton]] to serve as [[United States Secretary of State|Secretary of State]], Kennedy expressed interest in being appointed to Clinton's vacant Senate seat from [[New York (state)|New York]], but she later withdrew from consideration, citing "personal reasons." Congresswoman [[Kirsten Gillibrand]] ultimately replaced Clinton as the junior New York senator. In 2013, President Obama appointed Kennedy as the United States Ambassador to Japan.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/07/25/world/asia/caroline-kennedy-picked-to-be-ambassador-to-japan.html| title=Obama Nominates Caroline Kennedy to Be Ambassador to Japan| last=Landler| first=Mark| date=2013-07-24| work=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=2017-07-06| language=en-US| issn=0362-4331}}</ref> ==Early life== ===White House years=== [[File:JFK with Caroline on the Honey Fitz, 1963.jpg|left|thumb|Caroline with her father aboard the yacht ''Honey Fitz'' off the coast of [[Hyannis, Massachusetts]] at age five, August 25, 1963.]] Caroline Bouvier Kennedy was born on November 27, 1957, at [[NewYork–Presbyterian Hospital]] in [[Manhattan]] to [[John F. Kennedy|John Fitzgerald Kennedy]] (then a U.S. senator from [[Massachusetts]]) and [[Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis|Jacqueline Lee Bouvier Kennedy]].<!--DO NOT remove parents, they are a critical aspect of Caroline's life--> A year before Caroline's birth, her parents had a stillborn daughter named Arabella. Caroline had a younger brother, [[John F. Kennedy Jr.|John Jr.]], who was born just before her third birthday in 1960. Her infant brother, [[Patrick Bouvier Kennedy|Patrick]], died two days after his premature birth in 1963. Caroline lived with her parents in [[Georgetown, Washington, D.C.]] during the first three years of her life.<ref name="Georgetown">{{cite web| url=http://www.washingtonian.com/articles/homes/5-georgetown-locations-rich-in-kennedy-history| title=5 Georgetown Locations Rich in Kennedy History| last=Joynt| first=Carol Ross|date=August 22, 2012| work=[[Washingtonian (magazine)|Washingtonian]]| access-date=March 21, 2015}}</ref> When Caroline was three years old, the family moved to the [[White House]] after her father [[Inauguration of John F. Kennedy|was sworn in as President of the United States]].<ref name="Georgetown"/> Caroline frequently attended kindergarten in classes that were organized by her mother, and she was often photographed riding her pony "Macaroni" around the White House grounds. One such photo in a news article inspired singer-songwriter [[Neil Diamond]] to write his [[Top 40|Top Ten]] hit song, "[[Sweet Caroline]]", which he revealed when he performed it for Caroline's 50th birthday.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,312306,00.html | title=Neil Diamond: Caroline Kennedy Inspired 'Sweet Caroline' | publisher=[[Fox News]] | date=November 20, 2007 | access-date=December 19, 2008 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080919120429/http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,312306,00.html | archive-date=September 19, 2008 | url-status=dead | df=mdy-all }}</ref> As a small child, Caroline received numerous gifts from dignitaries, including a puppy from [[Premier of the Soviet Union|Soviet Premier]] [[Nikita Khrushchev]] and a Yucatán pony from [[Vice President of the United States|Vice President]] [[Lyndon B. Johnson]].<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.nytimes.com/1961/06/26/archives/caroline-kennedy-shares-white-house-with-a-menagerie.html?sq=%2522caroline%2520kennedy%2522%2520tex%2520%2520pony&scp=3&st=cse| title=Caroline Kennedy Shares White House with a Menagerie |work=The New York Times| format=paid archive| page=33| date=June 26, 1961}}</ref> Historians described Caroline's childhood personality as "a trifle remote and a bit shy at times" yet "remarkably unspoiled."<ref>Heymann, p. 66.</ref> "She's too young to realize all these luxuries", her paternal grandmother, [[Rose Kennedy]], said of her. "She probably thinks it's natural for children to go off in their own airplanes. But she is with her cousins, and some of them dance and swim better than she. They do not allow her to take special precedence. Little children accept things".<ref>{{cite news| title=People| url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,896441,00.html|work=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]| date=August 3, 1962 }}</ref> On the day of [[Assassination of John F. Kennedy|JFK's assassination]] on November 22, 1963, nanny Maud Shaw took Caroline and John Jr. away from the White House to the home of their maternal grandmother, [[Janet Lee Bouvier|Janet Bouvier Auchincloss]], who insisted that Shaw would be the one to tell Caroline that her father was assassinated. That evening, Caroline and John Jr. returned to the White House, and while Caroline was sleeping in her bed, Shaw broke the news to her.<ref name="Heymann110-114"/> Shaw soon found out that Jacqueline had wanted to be the one to tell the two children; this caused a rift between Shaw and Jacqueline.<ref name="Heymann110-114">Heymann, pp. 110–114.</ref> On December 6, two weeks after the assassination, Jacqueline, Caroline, and John Jr. moved out of the White House and returned to Georgetown.<ref name="nyt12071963">{{cite news| url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1963/12/07/89986491.pdf|title=Mrs. Kennedy is in new home; declines 3-acre Arlington plot|last=Hunter| first=Marjorie| date=December 7, 1963| work=The New York Times| pages=1, 13| access-date=April 13, 2015}}</ref> However, their new home soon became a popular tourist attraction. The family left Georgetown the following year and later moved to a penthouse apartment at [[1040 Fifth Avenue]] on the [[Upper East Side|Upper East Side of Manhattan]] in [[New York City]].<ref name="Georgetown"/> ===Later childhood years=== In 1967, Caroline christened the [[United States Navy|U.S. Navy]] [[aircraft carrier]] [[USS John F. Kennedy (CV-67)|USS ''John F. Kennedy'']] in a widely publicized ceremony in [[Newport News, Virginia]].<ref>{{cite news| title=May 1967 – Caroline christens a carrier| url=https://pilotonline.com/news/local/history/back-in-the-day/may---caroline-christens-a-carrier/article_9acadaa2-bd2d-518d-a0be-b3984a7c3fa7.html| first1=Jakon| last1=Hays| first2=Maureen| last2=Watts| newspaper=[[The Virginian-Pilot]]| date=May 21, 2017| access-date=December 26, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.multied.com/navy/CVA67johnfkennedy.html| title=John F. Kennedy CVA-67| access-date= December 19, 2008}}</ref> Over that summer, Jacqueline took the children on a six-week "sentimental journey" to Ireland, where they met [[President of Ireland|President]] [[Éamon de Valera]] and visited the Kennedy ancestral home at Dunganstown. In the midst of the trip, Caroline and John were surrounded by a large number of press photographers while playing in a pond. The incident caused their mother to telephone Ireland's Department of External Affairs and request the issuing of a statement that she and the children wanted to be left in peace. As a result of the request, further attempts by press photographers to photograph the threesome ended with arrests by local police and the photographers being jailed.<ref>Heymann, pp. 145–46.</ref> [[Robert F. Kennedy]] became a major presence in the lives of Caroline and John Jr. following their father's assassination, and Caroline saw her uncle as a surrogate father. However, when [[Assassination of Robert F. Kennedy|Bobby Kennedy was assassinated]] in 1968, Jacqueline sought a means of protecting her children, stating: "I hate this country. I despise America and I don't want my children to live here anymore. If they're killing Kennedys, my kids are the number one targets. I have the two main targets. I want to get out of this country".<ref>Heymann, pp. 152–54.</ref> Jacqueline Kennedy married Greek shipping tycoon [[Aristotle Onassis]] several months later and she and the children moved to [[Skorpios]], his Greek island. The next year, 11-year-old Caroline attended the funeral of her grandfather, [[Joseph P. Kennedy, Sr.]] Her cousin, David, asked her about her feelings towards her mother's new husband and she replied, "I don't like him".<ref>Heymann, p. 167.</ref> In 1970, Jacqueline wrote her brother-in-law [[Ted Kennedy]] a letter stating that Caroline had been without a godfather since Robert Kennedy's death and would like Ted to assume the role. Ted began making regular trips from Washington to New York to see Caroline, where she was in school.<ref>Heymann, p. 176.</ref> In 1971, Caroline returned to the White House for the first time since her father's assassination when she was invited by President [[Richard Nixon]] to view the official portrait of her father.<ref>Heymann, p. 178.</ref> Onassis died in March 1975, and Caroline returned to Skorpios for his funeral. A few days later she and her mother and brother attended the presentation by [[President of France|French president]] [[Valéry Giscard d'Estaing]] of the Legion of Honor award to her aunt, [[Eunice Kennedy Shriver]].<ref>Heymann, p. 202.</ref> Later that year, Caroline was visiting [[London]] to complete a year-long art course at the [[Sotheby's]] auction house, when an [[Provisional Irish Republican Army|IRA]] car bomb placed under the car of her hosts, Conservative MP [[Hugh Fraser (British politician)|Sir Hugh Fraser]] and his wife, [[Antonia Fraser|Antonia]], exploded shortly before she and the Frasers were due to leave for their daily drive to Sotheby's. Caroline had not yet left the house, but a neighbor, oncologist Professor [[Gordon Hamilton Fairley]], was passing by when he was walking his dog and was killed by the explosion.<ref name="bomb kills">{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1975/10/24/archives/bomb-kills-a-doctor-near-london-home-of-caroline-kennedy-a-narrow.html?sq=caroline%2520kennedy&scp=12&st=cse |title=Bomb Kills a Doctor Near London Home of Caroline Kennedy; A Narrow Escape for Miss Kennedy |first=Bernard |last=Weinraub |work=The New York Times |format=paid archive |date=October 24, 1975 |access-date=December 5, 2008 |page=1}}</ref> ==Education and personal life== Kennedy began her education with kindergarten classes in the White House organized by her mother.<ref>{{cite web |title=Gifts From the World to the White House: Caroline Kennedy's Doll Collection (1961-63) {{!}} JFK Library |url=https://www.jfklibrary.org/visit-museum/exhibits/past-exhibits/gifts-from-the-world-to-the-white-house |website=www.jfklibrary.org |access-date=18 October 2020}}</ref> Before the family's move to New York, she was registered at [[Stone Ridge School of the Sacred Heart]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Kennedy Move to City Sets Off School Speculation; Upper East Side Offers a Variety of Institutions for Caroline and John (Published 1964) |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1964/07/16/archives/kennedy-move-to-city-sets-off-school-speculation-upper-east-side-of.html |website=The New York Times |access-date=18 October 2020 |date=16 July 1964}}</ref> She attended [[The Brearley School]] and [[Convent of the Sacred Heart (New York)|Convent of the Sacred Heart]] in New York City and graduated from [[Concord Academy]] in Massachusetts in 1975.<ref name="Heymann, p. 203">Heymann, p. 203.</ref> She was a photographer's assistant at the [[1976 Winter Olympics]] in [[Innsbruck]], Austria.<ref name=journalism/> In 1977, she worked as a summer intern at the New York ''[[Daily News (New York)|Daily News]]'', earning $156 a week ($673.41 in 2019 dollars), "fetching coffee for harried editors and reporters, changing typewriter ribbons and delivering messages."<ref>Andersen, p. 219.</ref> Kennedy reportedly "sat on a bench alone for two hours the first day before other employees even said hello to her"; and, according to Richard Licata, a former ''News'' reporter, "Everyone was too scared."<ref name=journalism/> Kennedy also wrote for ''[[Rolling Stone]]'' about visiting [[Graceland]] shortly after the death of [[Elvis Presley]].<ref name="journalism"/> In 1980, she earned a [[Bachelor of Arts]] from [[Radcliffe College]] at [[Harvard University]].<ref name=UPIphoto>{{cite news |title=UPI photo archives 1980 |url=http://www.upi.com/News_Photos/Archives/1980/1657/11/ |publisher=[[UPI]] |date=June 5, 1980 |access-date= August 3, 2012}}</ref> During college, Kennedy had "considered becoming a photojournalist, but soon realized she could never make her living observing other people because they were too busy watching her."<ref name=journalism>{{cite news |first=Greg |last=Mitchell |title=Caroline Kennedy's Journalism Days – And Meeting Elvis |url=http://www.editorandpublisher.com/Article/Caroline-Kennedy-s-Journalism-Days-And-Meeting-Elvis |work=[[Editor & Publisher]] |date=December 13, 2008 |access-date= October 28, 2011 |location=Irvine, California}}</ref> After graduating, Kennedy was hired as a research assistant in the Film and Television Department of the [[Metropolitan Museum of Art]] in New York. She later became a "liaison officer between the museum staff and outside producers and directors shooting footage at the museum", helping coordinate the ''[[Sesame Street]]'' special ''[[Don't Eat the Pictures (special)|Don't Eat the Pictures]]''.<ref>Heymann, p. 264.</ref> On December 4, 1984, Caroline was threatened when a man telephoned the museum and stated his name and address while reporting that a bomb had been planted there. Three days later, he was arrested for the threat.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.nytimes.com/1984/12/08/nyregion/arrest-made-in-threat-on-caroline-kennedy.html?n=Top%2fReference%2fTimes%20Topics%2fPeople%2fS%2fSchlossberg%2c%20Caroline%20Kennedy| title=Arrest Made in Threat On Caroline Kennedy| date=December 8, 1984| newspaper=The New York Times}}</ref> In 1988, she earned a [[Juris Doctor]] from [[Columbia Law School]], graduating in the top ten percent of her class.<ref>Heymann, p. 299.</ref> [[File:Ambassador Kennedy Participates in a Tea Ceremony (10843528344 cropped).png|thumb|upright|[[Edwin Schlossberg]]]] While working at the Met, Kennedy met her future husband, exhibit designer [[Edwin Schlossberg]]. They married in 1986 at Our Lady of Victory Church in [[Centerville, Massachusetts]].<ref name=NYT_19860302>{{cite news |title=Caroline Bouvier Kennedy to wed Edwin Schlossberg |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1986/03/02/style/caroline-bouvier-kennedy-to-wed-edwin-schlossberg.html |quote=The engagement of Caroline Bouvier Kennedy and [[Edwin Schlossberg|Edwin Arthur Schlossberg]] has been announced by her mother, Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis of New York. A summer wedding is planned. |work=The New York Times |date=March 2, 1986}}</ref> Kennedy's first cousin [[Maria Shriver]] served as the bride's matron of honor, and Ted later walked her down the aisle. Kennedy is sometimes incorrectly referred to as "Caroline Kennedy Schlossberg", but she did not change her name at the time she married.<ref name="no name change">{{cite news| url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1002414,00.html| title=10 Questions for Caroline Kennedy| first=Andrea| last=Sachs| work=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]| date=May 13, 2002| access-date=December 16, 2008}}</ref><ref name="Larry King name">{{cite news| url=http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0205/07/lkl.00.html| title=Transcript: Larry King Interview with Caroline Kennedy| work=[[Larry King Live]]| publisher=[[CNN]]| date=May 7, 2002| access-date= December 16, 2008}}</ref> Kennedy has three children: [[Rose Schlossberg|Rose Kennedy Schlossberg]] (born 1988), [[Tatiana Schlossberg|Tatiana Celia Kennedy Schlossberg]] (born 1990), and [[Jack Schlossberg|John Bouvier Kennedy Schlossberg]], known as Jack (born 1993). Raised in Manhattan and somewhat separated from their Hyannisport cousins,<ref>Anderson, p. 11.</ref> Caroline and John Jr. were very close, and especially so following their mother's death in 1994.<ref>Anderson, p. 4.</ref> After John Jr. [[John F. Kennedy Jr. plane crash|died in a plane crash]] in 1999, Caroline was the only remaining survivor of the former President's immediate family, and she preferred not to have a public memorial service for her brother.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.nytimes.com/1999/07/22/us/bodies-from-kennedy-crash-are-found.html| last=Allen| first=Mike| date=July 22, 1999| newspaper=The New York Times| title=Bodies From Kennedy Crash Are Found}}</ref> She decided that his remains would be cremated and his ashes scattered into the [[Atlantic Ocean]] off the coast of [[Martha's Vineyard]], where he met his fate.<ref>Landau, p. 20.</ref> John Jr. bequeathed Caroline his half ownership of ''[[George (magazine)|George]]'' magazine, but Caroline believed that her brother would not have wanted the magazine to continue following his death,<ref>Blow, p. 317.</ref> and the magazine ceased publication two years later.<ref name="cnn">{{cite web| url=http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0101/06/rs.00.html| title=CNN Transcript: Reliable Sources: 'George' Folds| work=CNN| date=January 6, 2001| access-date=December 28, 2011}}</ref> Kennedy owns her mother's {{convert|375|acre|ha|adj=on}} estate known as Red Gate Farm in [[Aquinnah, Massachusetts|Aquinnah]] (formerly Gay Head) on [[Martha's Vineyard]].<ref name="NYT-JKO obit">{{cite news| url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/05/20/obituaries/death-of-a-first-lady-jacqueline-kennedy-onassis-dies-of-cancer-at-64.html|title= Death of a First Lady; Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis Dies of Cancer at 64| last=Mcfadden|first=Robert D.| date=May 20, 1994| work=[[The New York Times]]| page=1| access-date=December 12, 2012}}</ref> The New York ''Daily News'' estimated Kennedy's net worth in 2008 at over $100 million.<ref>{{cite news |first=Michael |last=Saul |title=Caroline Kennedy: The $100M Woman |url=http://www.nydailynews.com/news/politics/2008/12/24/2008-12-24_caroline_kennedy_the_100m_woman.html |work=[[New York Daily News]] |date=December 24, 2008 |access-date=December 24, 2008}}</ref> During her 2013 nomination to serve as Ambassador to Japan, financial disclosure reports showed her net worth to be between $67 million and $278 million, including family trusts, government and public authority bonds, commercial property in New York, Chicago and Washington, and holdings in the Cayman Islands.<ref>{{cite news |first=Jonathan D. |last=Salant |title=Caroline Kennedy Worth Up to $278 Million, Records Show |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-08-19/caroline-kennedy-worth-up-to-278-million-records-show.html | publisher=[[Bloomberg News]] |date=August 20, 2013}}</ref> At the time of a ''[[60 Minutes]]'' interview in April 2015, Kennedy and her husband were living in two separate New York homes.<ref name=seperateliving>{{cite news|url=https://www.inquisitr.com/2005044/caroline-kennedy-divorce-rumors-60-minutes-interview-dredges-up-old-rumors-about-kennedys-marriage/|title=Caroline Kennedy Divorce Rumors: '60 Minutes' Interview Dredges Up Old Rumors About Kennedy's Marriage|first=Nathan|last=Francis|publisher=[[Inquisitr]]|date=2015-04-15|access-date=2020-05-06}}</ref> Ed was living in an apartment in Manhattan's West Village while Caroline was residing in a mansion on Park Avenue.<ref name=seperateliving /> The ''60 Minutes'' interview also generated social media buzz about the status of Kennedy's marriage, which has long had a history of divorce rumors.<ref name=seperateliving /> ==Public career: 1989–present== {{external media | width = 210px | align = right | headerimage= | video1 = [https://www.c-span.org/video/?17736-1/defense-bill-rights-action ''Booknotes'' interview with Ellen Alderman and Caroline Kennedy on ''In Our Defense'', April 28, 1991], [[C-SPAN]]}} [[File:Caroline Kennedy 1999.jpg|thumb|upright|left|Caroline Kennedy in 1999]] Kennedy is an attorney, writer, and editor who has served on the boards of numerous non-profit organizations. With Ellen Alderman, she co-wrote the book, ''In Our Defense: The Bill of Rights In Action'', which was published in 1991. During an interview regarding the volume, Kennedy explained that the two wanted to show why the [[Fourth Amendment of the United States Constitution]] was written.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5tPKKoTdhkw| title=Caroline Kennedy| publisher=Youtube}}</ref> She attended the Robin Hood Foundation annual breakfast on December 7, 1999. Her brother John had been committed to the organization, which she spoke of at the event.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.nytimes.com/1999/12/08/nyregion/charity-group-recalls-john-kennedy-jr.html| title=Charity Group Recalls John Kennedy Jr.| date=December 8, 1999| newspaper=The New York Times}}</ref> In 2000, she supported [[Al Gore]] for the presidency and mentioned feeling a kinship with him since their fathers served together in the Senate.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-64307021.html| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140610214816/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-64307021.html| url-status=dead| archive-date=June 10, 2014|title=JFK's First Lady; Caroline Kennedy Makes Her Political Debut As She Backs Gore For President|date=August 17, 2000| newspaper=[[Daily Mirror]]| location=London}}</ref> Kennedy spoke at the [[2000 Democratic National Convention]] which was held in [[Los Angeles]], California, the first time since the [[1960 Democratic National Convention]], where her father had been nominated by the Democratic Party for the presidency.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/08/16/us/the-democrats-the-kennedy-factor-40-years-later-invoking-spirit-of-new-frontier.html| title=The Democrats: The Kennedy Factor; 40 Years Later, Invoking Spirit of New Frontier| date=August 16, 2000| newspaper=The New York Times| first=Adam| last=Nagourney}}</ref> From 2002 through 2004, she worked as director of the Office of Strategic Partnerships for the [[New York City Department of Education]], appointed by School Chancellor Joel Klein. The three-day-a-week job paid her a salary of $1 and had the goal of raising private money for the New York City public schools;<ref name="NYCschooljob">{{cite news |last=Halbfinger |first=David W. |title=Résumé Long on Politics, but Short on Public Office |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/12/16/nyregion/16qualifications.html |work=The New York Times |date=December 15, 2008 |access-date=December 16, 2008}}</ref> she helped raise more than $65 million.<ref name=JFKLibrary_profile>{{cite web |url=http://www.jfklibrary.org/JFK+Library+and+Museum/Kennedy+Library+Foundation/Board+of+Directors/Caroline+Kennedy+President.htm |title=Caroline Kennedy, President |publisher=[[John F. Kennedy Library Foundation]] |archive-date=October 3, 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061003174351/http://www.jfklibrary.org/JFK%2BLibrary%2Band%2BMuseum/Kennedy%2BLibrary%2BFoundation/Board%2Bof%2BDirectors/Caroline%2BKennedy%2BPresident.htm |access-date=December 27, 2015 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="leaving">{{cite news |first=David M. |last=Herszenhorn |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/08/20/nyregion/caroline-kennedy-is-leaving-fund-raising-job-for-schools.html?emc=rss&partner=rssnyt |title=Caroline Kennedy Is Leaving Fund-Raising Job for Schools |work=The New York Times |date=August 20, 2004}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2002/10/02/nyregion/caroline-kennedy-takes-post-as-fund-raiser-for-schools.html?module=Search&mabReward=relbias%3As| title=Caroline Kennedy Takes Post As Fund-Raiser for Schools| date=October 2, 2002| newspaper=The New York Times| first=Abby| last=Goodnough}}</ref> She served as one of two vice chairs of the board of directors of The Fund for Public Schools and is currently Honorary Director of the Fund.<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.fundforpublicschools.org/leadership| title=Board and Officers – The Fund for Public Schools| publisher=Fund for Public Schools| access-date=August 9, 2014| url-status=dead| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140810082108/https://www.fundforpublicschools.org/leadership| archive-date=August 10, 2014| df=mdy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Board of Directors |url=http://schools.nyc.gov/FundForPublicSchools/AboutUs/BOD/default.htm |publisher=Fund for Public Schools |access-date= December 17, 2008}}</ref> She has also served on the board of trustees of Concord Academy, which she attended as a teen.<ref name="Heymann, p. 203"/> Kennedy and other members of her family created the [[Profile in Courage Award]] in 1989. The award is given to a public official or officials whose actions demonstrate politically courageous leadership in the spirit of John F. Kennedy's book, ''[[Profiles in Courage]]''.<ref>{{cite web| title=Profile in Courage Award| publisher=John F. Kennedy Library Foundation| url=http://www.jfklibrary.org/Education+and+Public+Programs/Profile+in+Courage+Award/| access-date=December 17, 2008}}</ref> In 2001, she presented the award to former president [[Gerald Ford]] for his controversial pardon of former president [[Richard Nixon|Richard M. Nixon]] almost 30 years prior.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2001/05/22/us/ford-wins-kennedy-award-for-courage-of-nixon-pardon.html| title=Ford Wins Kennedy Award For 'Courage' of Nixon Pardon| date=May 22, 2001| newspaper=The New York Times| first=Adam| last=Clymer}}</ref> She is also president of the [[John F. Kennedy Library|Kennedy Library Foundation]]<ref name=JFKLibrary_profile /> and an adviser to the [[Harvard Institute of Politics]]. Kennedy is a member of the New York and Washington, D.C., [[bar association]]s. She is also a member of the boards of directors of the [[Commission on Presidential Debates]] and the [[NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund]], and is an honorary chair of the [[American Ballet Theatre]].<ref>{{cite web |title=American Ballet Theatre Board of Governing Trustees |publisher=American Ballet Theatre |url=http://www.abt.org/insideabt/trustees.asp |access-date=December 17, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131017065558/http://www.abt.org/insideabt/trustees.asp |archive-date=October 17, 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Kennedy represented her family at the funeral services of former presidents [[Death and state funeral of Ronald Reagan|Ronald Reagan]] and [[Death and state funeral of Gerald Ford|Gerald Ford]] and former First Ladies [[Lady Bird Johnson]] and [[Barbara Bush]]. She also represented her family at the dedication of the [[William J. Clinton Presidential Center and Park|Bill Clinton Presidential Center and Park]] in [[Little Rock, Arkansas]], in November 2004. She also represented her family at the dedication of the [[George H.W. Bush Presidential Library and Museum|George H. W. Bush Presidential Library]] in 1997. Kennedy attended the fiftieth-anniversary ceremony of the [[March on Washington]] on August 28, 2013.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/08/28/caroline-kennedy-march-on-washington_n_3831481.html| title=Caroline Kennedy, Lynda Bird Johnson Robb Speak At March On Washington Anniversary| date=August 28, 2013| journal=[[HuffPost|The Huffington Post]]}}</ref> On December 7, 2019, Kennedy christened the new [[USS John F. Kennedy (CVN-79)|USS ''John F. Kennedy'' (CVN-79)]] at Newport News Shipbuilding.<ref>{{cite press release|url=https://newsroom.huntingtoningalls.com/releases/aircraft-carrier-jfk-christened|title=Aircraft Carrier John F. Kennedy (CVN 79) Christened at Newport News Shipbuilding|publisher=Huntington Ingalls Industries|date=December 7, 2019|access-date=December 7, 2019}}</ref> After her post as ambassador to Japan ended, the [[Boeing|Boeing Company]] elected her in August 2017 to serve on its board of directors.<ref>{{cite press release| title=Boeing Board Elects Caroline Kennedy as New Director| url=http://boeing.mediaroom.com/2017-08-10-Boeing-Board-Elects-Caroline-Kennedy-as-New-Director| publisher=Boeing| date=August 10, 2017}}</ref> She resigned her position on the board of directors on January 15, 2021.<ref>{{cite press release| title=Boeing Elects Lynne Doughtie to Board of Directors, Following Resignation of Director Caroline Kennedy| url=https://boeing.mediaroom.com/2021-01-15-Boeing-Elects-Lynne-Doughtie-to-Board-of-Directors-Following-Resignation-of-Director-Caroline-Kennedy| publisher=Boeing| date=January 15, 2021}}</ref> ===2008 and 2012 presidential elections=== {{multiple image | align = right | direction = horizontal | header = [[2008 United States presidential election]] | header_align = center | header_background = | footer = Kennedy on the presidential campaign trail | footer_align = left | footer_background = | width = | image1 = 20080128 Caroline and Ted Kennedy endorsing Barack Obama.jpg | width1 = 150 | caption1 = | image2 =20080204_Barack_Obama,_Ted_and_Caroline_Kennedy_and_John_Larson.jpg | width2 = 150 | caption2 = }} [[File:Caroline Kennedy DNC 2008.jpg|thumb|right|Kennedy spoke during the first night of the [[2008 Democratic National Convention]] in [[Denver, Colorado]], on August 25, 2008, introducing her uncle, Senator [[Ted Kennedy]].]] On January 27, 2008, Kennedy announced in a ''[[The New York Times|New York Times]]'' op-ed piece entitled, "A President Like My Father," that she would endorse [[Barack Obama]] in the [[2008 United States presidential election|2008 U.S. presidential election]].<ref name=NYT_20080127>{{cite news| first=Caroline| last=Kennedy| title=A President Like My Father| format=Op-Ed| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/27/opinion/27kennedy.html| work=The New York Times| date=January 27, 2008| access-date=January 27, 2008}}</ref> Her concluding lines were: "I have never had a president who inspired me the way people tell me that my father inspired them. But for the first time, I believe I have found the man who could be that president—not just for me, but for a new generation of Americans."<ref>{{cite news| title=Kennedy support for Obama?| url=http://caffertyfile.blogs.cnn.com/2008/01/28/kennedy-support-for-obama/| publisher=[[CNN]]| date=January 28, 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| title=Sen. Kennedy endorses Obama for president| url=http://www.mcclatchydc.com/news/politics-government/article24475483.html| first=Margaret| last=Tale| publisher=[[The McClatchy Company|McClatchy]]| date=January 28, 2008}}</ref> [[Federal Election Commission]] records show that Kennedy contributed $2,300 to the [[Hillary Clinton 2008 presidential campaign|Hillary Rodham Clinton presidential campaign committee]] on June 29, 2007. She previously contributed a total of $5,000 to Clinton's 2006 senatorial campaign. On September 18, 2007, she contributed $2,300 to [[Barack Obama 2008 presidential campaign|Barack Obama's presidential campaign committee]].<ref name="campaigndonations">{{cite web|title=Federal Election Commission Finance Reports Transaction Query by Individual Contributor| publisher=Federal Election Commission| format=enter Kennedy Caroline for search| url=http://www.fec.gov/finance/disclosure/norindsea.shtml| access-date=February 2, 2008}}</ref> On June 4, 2008, Obama named Kennedy, along with [[James A. Johnson (businessman)|Jim Johnson]] and [[Eric Holder]], to co-chair his Vice Presidential Search Committee.<ref name=FirstRead_Murray_20080604>{{cite news |first=Mark |last=Murray |title=Obama Taps 3 to Lead Veep Committee |work=First Read |publisher=[[MSNBC]] |url=http://firstread.msnbc.msn.com/archive/2008/06/04/1112464.aspx |date=June 4, 2008 |access-date=December 17, 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081208060859/http://firstread.msnbc.msn.com/archive/2008/06/04/1112464.aspx |archive-date=December 8, 2008}}</ref> (Johnson withdrew one week later.) Filmmaker [[Michael Moore]] called on Kennedy to "Pull a Cheney",<ref>{{cite news |first=Michael |last=Moore |author-link=Michael Moore |title='Caroline: Pull a Cheney!' An Open Letter to Caroline Kennedy (head of the Obama VP search team) from Michael Moore |url=http://www.michaelmoore.com/words/message/index.php?id=226 |publisher=michaelmoore.com |date=August 19, 2008 |access-date=December 17, 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081006033622/http://www.michaelmoore.com/words/message/index.php?id=226 |archive-date=October 6, 2008}}</ref> and name herself as Obama's vice presidential running mate ([[Dick Cheney]] headed [[George W. Bush]]'s vice presidential vetting committee in 2000—Cheney himself was chosen for the job).<ref>{{cite news| title=The 2000 Campaign: The Texas Governor; Bush Names Cheney, Citing 'Integrity' and 'Experience'| author-link=Frank Bruni| last=Bruni| first=Frank|url-access=subscription | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/07/26/us/2000-campaign-texas-governor-bush-names-cheney-citing-integrity-experience.html?sq=cheney+appointment&scp=1&st=nyt | newspaper=The New York Times| date=June 26, 2000| access-date=January 22, 2009}}</ref> On August 23, Obama announced that Senator [[Joe Biden]] of [[Delaware]] would be his running mate. Kennedy addressed the [[2008 Democratic National Convention]] in Denver, introducing a tribute film about her uncle, Senator Ted Kennedy.<ref>{{cite news |title=Scorecard: First-Night Speeches, Caroline Kennedy |url=http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1836039_1836038_1836026,00.html |journal=Time |access-date=December 19, 2008 |date=August 26, 2008}}</ref> Kennedy was among the 35 national co-chairs of Obama's 2012 re-election campaign.<ref>{{cite news| title=Rahm Emanuel, Eva Longoria, Caroline Kennedy Among Obama Campaign's National Co-Chairs| url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/44/post/rahm-emanuel-eva-longoria-caroline-kennedy-among-obama-campaigns-national-co-chairs/2012/02/22/gIQAEsn4SR_blog.html| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120223114907/http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/44/post/rahm-emanuel-eva-longoria-caroline-kennedy-among-obama-campaigns-national-co-chairs/2012/02/22/gIQAEsn4SR_blog.html| url-status=dead| archive-date=February 23, 2012| work=[[The Washington Post]]| first=David| last=Nakamura| date=February 22, 2012}}</ref> On June 27, 2012, Kennedy made appearances in Nashua and Manchester, New Hampshire, to campaign for the re-election of President Obama.<ref>{{cite news |last=Young |first=Shannon |title=Caroline Kennedy urges voters to support Obama |url=http://www.boston.com/news/local/massachusetts/articles/2012/06/27/caroline_kennedy_to_campaign_for_obama_in_nashua/ |work=[[The Boston Globe]] |access-date=June 28, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120701005507/http://www.boston.com/news/local/massachusetts/articles/2012/06/27/caroline_kennedy_to_campaign_for_obama_in_nashua/ |archive-date=July 1, 2012}}</ref> There was media speculation that she might become a possible candidate for the 2020 Presidential primaries and election<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.aol.com/article/news/2017/01/23/caroline-kennedys-possible-political-future/21661218/| title=Caroline Kennedy's possible political future| date=January 23, 2017| work=[[AOL]]| access-date=March 10, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.irishcentral.com/news/politics/could-caroline-kennedy-be-the-leader-democrats-need-after-clinton-s-loss| title=Could Caroline Kennedy be the next Hillary Clinton and run for president?| date=January 25, 2017| first=Frances| last=Mulraney| work=IrishCentral| access-date=January 25, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=https://nypost.com/2017/01/22/caroline-kennedy-could-be-the-baggage-free-hillary-clinton/| title=Could Caroline Kennedy be the baggage-free Hillary Clinton?| date=January 22, 2017| first=Jerry| last=Oppenheimer| work=[[New York Post]]| access-date=January 25, 2017}}</ref> but this did not come to pass. ===United States Senate seat=== {{See also|2010 United States Senate special election in New York}} In December 2008, Kennedy expressed interest in the [[United States Senate]] seat occupied by [[Hillary Clinton]], who had been selected to become [[United States Secretary of State|Secretary of State]]. This seat was to be filled through 2010 by appointment of [[List of Governors of New York|New York Governor]] [[David Paterson]].<ref>{{cite news |first=Nicholas |last=Confessore|title=Caroline Kennedy to Seek Clinton's Senate Seat |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/12/16/us/politics/16caroline.html?_r=1&hp |newspaper=The New York Times |date=December 15, 2008 |access-date=December 15, 2008}}</ref> This same seat was held by Kennedy's uncle [[Robert F. Kennedy]] from January 1965 until his [[Assassination of Robert F. Kennedy|assassination]] in June 1968, when he was a candidate for the Democratic presidential nomination.<ref>[https://www.senate.gov/pagelayout/senators/one_item_and_teasers/new_york.htm U.S. Senate: Senators Home > State Information > New York]. Senate.gov. Retrieved on December 29, 2013.</ref> Kennedy's appointment was supported by Congresswoman [[Louise Slaughter]],<ref>{{cite news |first=Ben |last=Smith |title=Kennedy's first endorsemen t|url=http://www.politico.com/blogs/bensmith/1208/Kennedys_first_endorsement.html?showall |newspaper=[[Politico]] |date=December 16, 2008}}</ref> State Assemblyman [[Vito Lopez]],<ref name="records show" /> New York City mayor [[Michael Bloomberg]],<ref>{{cite news |title=Another Senator Kennedy? |url=http://abclocal.go.com/wabc/story?section=news/politics&id=6540115&rss=rss-wabc-article-6540115 |agency=Associated Press |work=[[WABC-TV]] News |location=New York |date=December 5, 2008 |access-date=December 5, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090129230042/http://abclocal.go.com/wabc/story?section=news%2Fpolitics&id=6540115&rss=rss-wabc-article-6540115 |archive-date=January 29, 2009 |url-status=dead }}</ref> former New York City Mayor [[Ed Koch]],<ref name="political views" /> and the ''[[New York Post]]'' editorial page.<ref>{{cite news| title=Kennedy for the Senate| url=http://www.nypost.com/seven/12162008/postopinion/editorials/kennedy_for_the_senate_144454.htm| newspaper=[[New York Post]]| date=December 16, 2008| access-date=December 17, 2008}}</ref> She was criticized for not voting in a number of Democratic primaries and general elections since registering in 1988 in New York City<ref name="records show">{{cite news| first=Erin| last=Einhorn| author2=Saltonstall, David| title=Records show Caroline Kennedy failed to cast her vote many times since 1988| url=http://www.nydailynews.com/news/politics/2008/12/18/2008-12-18_records_show_caroline_kennedy_failed_to_.html| newspaper=New York Daily News| date=December 19, 2008| access-date=December 19, 2008}}</ref> and for not providing details about her political views.<ref name="political views">{{cite news |last=Salstonstall |first=David |url=https://www.nydailynews.com/news/politics/2008/12/17/2008-12-17_we_know_caroline_kennedys_name_but_not_h.html |title=We know Caroline Kennedy's name, but not her views on the issues |newspaper=New York Daily News |date=December 17, 2008| access-date=December 20, 2008}}</ref> In response, Kennedy released a statement through a spokeswoman that outlined some of her political views including that she supported legislation legalizing [[same-sex marriage]], was [[pro-choice]], against the death penalty, for restoring the [[Federal Assault Weapons Ban]], and believed the [[North American Free Trade Agreement]] (NAFTA) should be re-examined.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.nydailynews.com/news/politics/2008/12/21/2008-12-21_senatehopeful_caroline_kennedy_talks_gay.html| newspaper=New York Daily News| title=Senate-hopeful Caroline Kennedy talks gays, war, and education| date=December 21, 2008| last=Katz| first=Celeste| quote=Friedman said Kennedy backed gun control and opposed the death penalty. She also supports rolling back the [[Bush tax cuts]] for the wealthy, but not right now due to the "fragile" state of the economy.}}</ref><ref name="NYT political views">{{cite news| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/12/21/nyregion/21kennedy.html?hp| title=Kennedy Offers Hints of a Platform, and a Few Surprises| first=Nicholas| last=Confessore| newspaper=The New York Times| date=December 20, 2008| access-date=December 20, 2008}}</ref> On foreign policy, her spokeswoman reiterated that Kennedy opposed the [[Iraq War]] from the beginning as well as that she believed that [[Jerusalem]] should be the undivided capital city of [[Israel]].<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/128948| title=Caroline Kennedy: Jerusalem is Israel's Undivided Capital| first=Tzvi Ben|last=Gedalyahu| newspaper=[[Arutz Sheva|Israel National News]]| date=December 20, 2008| access-date=December 22, 2008}}</ref><ref>[http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2008/12/22/opinion/main4682529.shtml Caroline Kennedy Is Decidedly Liberal] by John Nichols, The Nation (reprinted by CBS News), December 22, 2008.</ref> Kennedy declined to make disclosures of her financial dealings or other personal matters to the press, stating that she would not release the information publicly unless she were selected by Governor Paterson.<ref>{{cite news| first=David| last=Halbfinger| title=Kennedy Declines to Make Financial Disclosure| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/12/23/nyregion/23kennedy.html?ref=politics| newspaper=The New York Times| date=December 22, 2008| access-date=December 23, 2008}}</ref> She did complete a confidential 28-page disclosure questionnaire required of hopefuls, reported to include extensive financial information.{{citation needed|date=February 2015}} In an interview with the [[Associated Press]], Kennedy acknowledged that she would need to prove herself. "Going into politics is something people have asked me about forever", Kennedy said. "When this opportunity came along, which was sort of unexpected, I thought, 'Well, maybe now. How about now?' [I'll have to] work twice as hard as anybody else..... I am an unconventional choice..... We're starting to see there are many ways into public life and public service".<ref>{{cite news|first=Larry|last=Neumeister|title=Kennedy says 9/11, Obama led her to public service|url=http://www.foxnews.com/wires/2008Dec26/0,4670,CarolineKennedy,00.html|publisher=Associated Press (via [[Fox News]])|date=December 26, 2008|access-date=December 26, 2008|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081231023134/http://www.foxnews.com/wires/2008Dec26/0,4670,CarolineKennedy,00.html|archive-date=December 31, 2008}}</ref> In late December 2008, Kennedy drew criticism from several media outlets for lacking clarity in interviews, and for using the phrase "you know" 168 times during a 30-minute interview with [[NY1]].<ref>[https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB123060542110241631 Not Ready for SNL: Caroline Kennedy's 168 'You Knows.']. ''[[The Wall Street Journal]]''. December 29, 2008.</ref> Shortly before midnight on January 22, 2009, Kennedy released a statement that she was withdrawing from consideration for the seat, citing "personal reasons".<ref name="Times">{{cite news| title=Kennedy Drops Bid for Senate Seat, Citing Personal Reasons| last1=Confessore| first1=Nicholas| author2=Hakim, Danny| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/01/22/nyregion/22caroline.html?hp| newspaper=The New York Times| date=January 22, 2009| access-date=January 9, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=In Attack on Kennedy, Echo of a Spitzer Tactic| last1=Hakim| first1=Danny| author2=Confessore, Nicholas| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/02/04/nyregion/04paterson.html| newspaper=The New York Times| date=February 3, 2009| access-date=February 23, 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| title=Paterson Had Staff Deny Kennedy Was Top Choice| last1=Hakim| first1=Danny| author2=Confessore, Nicholas| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/02/21/nyregion/21paterson.html| newspaper=The New York Times| date=February 20, 2009| access-date=February 23, 2009}}</ref> Kennedy declined to expand upon the reasons that led to her decision.<ref name="Times"/><ref>{{cite news| title=Kennedy Says Children Had No Role in Senate Decision| last=Confessore| first=Nicholas| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/05/19/nyregion/19kennedy.html| newspaper=The New York Times| date=May 18, 2009| access-date=January 9, 2010}}</ref> One day after Kennedy's withdrawal, Paterson announced his selection of Representative [[Kirsten Gillibrand]] to fill the Senate seat.<ref name="withdrawal statement">{{cite news| title=Caroline Kennedy Withdraws Senate Bid| url=http://www.nbcnews.com/id/28780112| work=[[NBC News]]| date=January 22, 2009| access-date= January 22, 2009}}</ref> ===United States Ambassador to Japan (2013–2017)=== [[File:Caroline Kennedy 20131115.jpg|thumb|right|Kennedy makes her first statement after arriving at the [[Narita International Airport]] on November 15, 2013.]] [[File:Ambassador Kennedy After the Presentation of Credentials Ceremony (10941227714).jpg|thumb|right|In [[Tokyo Imperial Palace]]]] On July 24, 2013, President Obama announced Kennedy as his nominee to be [[United States Ambassador to Japan]] to succeed Ambassador [[John Roos]].<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.politico.com/story/2013/07/caroline-kennedy-ambassador-japan-94688.html?hp=f3| title=Caroline Kennedy chosen as Ambassador to Japan| newspaper=Politico| date=July 24, 2013| access-date=July 24, 2013}}</ref><ref>Landler, Mark (July 24, 2013). [https://www.nytimes.com/2013/07/25/world/asia/caroline-kennedy-picked-to-be-ambassador-to-japan.html "Caroline Kennedy Chosen to Be Japan Ambassador"] ''The New York Times''. Retrieved July 24, 2013.</ref> The prospective nomination was first reported in February 2013<ref>Nichols, Hans. (February 27, 2013) [https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-02-27/caroline-kennedy-said-to-be-candidate-for-envoy-to-japan.html Caroline Kennedy Said to Be Candidate for Envoy to Japan]. Bloomberg. Retrieved on December 29, 2013.</ref> and, in mid-July 2013, formal diplomatic agreement to the appointment was reportedly received from the Japanese government.<ref>Kamen, Al (July 13, 2013). [https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/in-the-loop/post/caroline-kennedy-poised-for-japan/2013/07/13/1cfc34ce-ebbe-11e2-8023-b7f07811d98e_blog.html "Caroline Kennedy Poised for Japan"]. ''The Washington Post''. Retrieved July 13, 2013.</ref> On September 19, 2013, Kennedy sat before the [[United States Senate Committee on Foreign Relations|Senate Foreign Relations Committee]] and responded to questions regarding her potential appointment. Kennedy explained that her focus would be military ties, trade, and student exchange if she was selected for the position.<ref>{{cite news| first=Donna |last=Cassata| title=Caroline Kennedy 'Humbled' To Carry On Father's Legacy| url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/09/19/caroline-kennedy-japan_n_3955207.html| access-date=October 24, 2014| work=The Huffington Post| date=September 19, 2013}}</ref> She was confirmed in October by [[unanimous consent]] as the first female U.S. Ambassador to Japan<ref>{{cite news| title=Caroline Kennedy Confirmed as Ambassador to Japan| url=https://abcnews.go.com/blogs/politics/2013/10/caroline-kennedy-confirmed-as-ambassador-to-japan/|access-date=November 5, 2013| work=ABC News| date=October 16, 2013| first=Arlette| last=Saenz}}</ref> and was sworn in by [[United States Secretary of State|Secretary of State]] [[John Kerry]] on November 12.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-250_162-57612027/caroline-kennedy-sworn-in-as-ambassador-to-japan/ |title=Caroline Kennedy sworn in as ambassador to Japan |access-date=December 11, 2013 |date=November 12, 2013 |work=CBS News |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131121041611/http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-250_162-57612027/caroline-kennedy-sworn-in-as-ambassador-to-japan/ |archive-date=November 21, 2013 }}</ref> Kennedy arrived in Japan on November 15<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2013/11/15/japan-ambassador-caroline-kennedy/3574587/| title=Caroline Kennedy arrives in Japan as new ambassador| newspaper=[[USA Today]]| access-date=November 15, 2013| first=Kirk| last=Spitzer| date=November 15, 2013}}</ref> and met Japanese diplomats three days later.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/posttv/world/caroline-kennedy-meets-with-japanese-diplomats/2013/11/18/e9a3c9c4-5081-11e3-a7f0-b790929232e1_video.html| title=Caroline Kennedy meets with Japanese diplomats| date=November 18, 2013| newspaper=The Washington Post}}</ref> On November 19, [[NHK]] showed live coverage of Kennedy's arrival at the [[Tokyo Imperial Palace|Imperial Palace]] to present her diplomatic credentials to [[Emperor Akihito]].<ref>{{cite news| url=https://news.yahoo.com/us-envoy-caroline-kennedy-meets-japans-emperor-100234814.html| last=Kurtenbach| first=Elaine| title=US envoy Caroline Kennedy meets Japan's emperor| newspaper=[[Houston Chronicle]]| date=November 19, 2013}}</ref> In December 2013, she visited [[Nagasaki]] to meet with survivors of the 1945 [[Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki|atomic bombing]] of that city.<ref>{{cite news| last=Wakatsuki| first=Yoko| title=Caroline Kennedy meets atomic bomb survivors in Nagasaki| url=http://www.cnn.com/2013/12/10/world/asia/japan-nagasaki-caroline-kennedy/index.html?hpt=wo_c2| publisher=CNN| access-date=December 10, 2013| date=December 10, 2013}}</ref> On August 5, 2014, she attended a memorial ceremony for victims of the [[atomic bombing of Hiroshima]]; she was the second U.S. ambassador to attend the annual memorial. This was her second visit to Hiroshima, having visited in 1978 with her uncle, Senator Ted Kennedy.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2014-08-06/kennedy-attends-hiroshima-ceremony-36-years-after-first-visit.html| title=Kennedy Attends Hiroshima Ceremony 36 Years After First Visit| date=August 5, 2014| first=Isabel| last=Reynolds| publisher=Bloomberg News}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.theherald-news.com/2014/08/06/japan-marks-69th-anniversary-of-hiroshima-bombing/an10kgj/| title=Japan marks 69th anniversary of Hiroshima bombing| newspaper=The Herald-News| first=Mari| last=Yamaguchi| location=Joliet, Illinois}}</ref> In February 2014, Kennedy visited the southern Japanese island of Okinawa, the site of the large military bases of [[United States Forces Japan]], and was received by protests against the American military presence and placards with "no base" written on them. The protesters are opposed to the American military presence citing various concerns over sexual assaults and the environmental impact of the base.<ref name="GuardFeb">{{cite news| title=US envoy visits Okinawa amid long-running row over military bases| url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/feb/11/us-envoy-okinawa-dispute-caroline-kennedy| access-date=July 8, 2014| newspaper=[[The Guardian]]| date=February 11, 2014 |location=Manchester}}</ref> Kennedy subsequently met with Okinawa's governor, [[Hirokazu Nakaima]], who was re-elected in 2010 in opposition to the base. She pledged to reduce the burden of the American military presence in Okinawa.<ref name="GuardFeb"/> [[File:Caroline Kennedy, October 20, 2014.jpg|thumb|Kennedy in October 2014]] In April 2015, Kennedy visited the [[Hiroshima Peace Memorial Museum]], which displayed the impact from the 1945 atomic bombing. Kennedy called her visit a "solemn honor" and also planted dogwood trees on a road, participating in a U.S. project to spread 3,000 dogwood trees across Japan.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2015/04/18/national/kennedy-visits-hiroshima-a-bomb-museum-for-first-time-as-u-s-envoy/#.VT1CGyj7U_U| date=April 18, 2015| title=Kennedy visits Hiroshima A-bomb museum for first time as U.S. envoy| newspaper=[[The Japan Times]]}}</ref> On August 6, 2015, Kennedy accompanied US [[Under Secretary of State for Arms Control and International Security Affairs]] [[Rose Gottemoeller]] to the memorial for the [[Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki#Hiroshima|atomic bombing of Hiroshima, Japan]] by the United States in World War II. It marked the 70th anniversary of the bombing, and Gottemoeller became the first senior American official to attend the annual memorial.<ref>Hungo, Jun, [https://www.wsj.com/articles/japan-remembers-hiroshima-bombing-with-call-to-abolish-nuclear-arms-1438824991 "Japan Remembers Hiroshima Bombing With Call to Abolish Nuclear Arms"], ''The Wall Street Journal'', August 5, 2015. Retrieved 2015-08-06.</ref> Kennedy was only the second US ambassador to attend. With representatives of 100 countries in attendance, Japanese [[prime minister]] [[Shinzō Abe]] reiterated Japan's official support for the abolition of [[nuclear weapons]].<ref>Soble, Jonathan, [https://www.nytimes.com/2015/08/07/world/asia/hiroshima-honors-70th-anniversary-of-atomic-bombing.html "Hiroshima Commemorates 70th Anniversary of Atomic Bombing"], ''The New York Times'', August 6, 2015. Retrieved 2015-08-06.</ref> Kennedy resigned as the United States Ambassador to Japan shortly before Donald Trump was sworn in as the 45th President of the United States. She formally left Japan as Ambassador on January 18, 2017.<ref>{{cite news| title=Caroline Kennedy Leaves Japan After Three Years as U.S. Ambassador| url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-01-18/caroline-kennedy-leaves-japan-after-3-years-as-us-ambassador| publisher=Bloomberg News| agency=[[Associated Press]]| last=Moritsugu| first=Ken| date=January 17, 2017}}</ref> ==Works published== <!-- Lead Links Here --> Kennedy and Ellen Alderman have written two books together on civil liberties: *''In Our Defense: The Bill of Rights In Action'' (1991)<ref name=LoC>{{cite web |title=In Book World, Caroline Kennedy is a Powerhouse|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/01/17/nyregion/17books.html?mtrref=search.yahoo.com&gwh=EEFC34B16CBBB743341C4BC38023CFF7&gwt=pay |newspaper=The New York Times |access-date=December 26, 2017 |date=January 15, 2009}}</ref> *''The Right to Privacy'' (1995)<ref name=LoC/> On her own, Kennedy has edited these ''New York Times'' best-selling volumes: *''The Best-Loved Poems of Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis'' (2001);<ref name=LoC/> *''Profiles in Courage for Our Time'' (2002);<ref name=LoC/> *''A Patriot's Handbook'' (2003);<ref name=LoC/> *''A Family of Poems: My Favorite Poetry for Children'' (2005).<ref name=LoC/> She is also the author of ''A Family Christmas'', a collection of poems, prose, and personal notes from her family history (2007, {{ISBN|978-1-4013-2227-4}}). In April 2011, a new collection of poetry, ''She Walks In Beauty – A Woman's Journey Through Poems'', edited and introduced by Caroline Kennedy, was published. She launched the book at the John F Kennedy Library & Museum at Columbia Point, Dorchester, MA. ==See also== * [[Kennedy family#Family tree|Kennedy family tree]] ==References== {{Full citations needed|date=January 2021}} {{Reflist|30em}} ==Sources== *{{cite book |ref=none |first=Christopher P. |last=Andersen |title=Sweet Caroline: Last Child of Camelot |publisher=HarperCollins |year=2004 |isbn=978-0-06-103225-7 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=90E8S6F-M7EC}} *{{cite book |ref=none |last=Heymann |first=C. David |title=American Legacy: The Story of John and Caroline Kennedy |publisher=[[Simon & Schuster]] |year=2007 |isbn=978-0-74-349739-8 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=APSWggj6oT0C&q=american+legacy}} ==External links== {{commons category|Caroline Kennedy}} *{{C-SPAN|Caroline Kennedy Schlossberg}} *[http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2009/02/02/090202fa_fact_macfarquhar Ms. Kennedy Regrets She's Unable to Be in the Senate Today, Larissa MacFarquhar, The New Yorker, February 2, 2009] {{s-start}} {{s-dip}} {{s-bef|before=[[John Roos]]}} {{s-ttl|title=[[United States Ambassador to Japan]]|years=2013–2017}} {{s-aft|after=[[William F. Hagerty]]}} {{s-end}} {{US Ambassadors to Japan}} {{John F. 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