Edit filter log

'{{Short description|Overview of the foreign relations of Guinea}} {{Politics of Guinea}} [[File:Diplomatic relations of Guinea.svg|300px|thumb|Nations with which Guinea has diplomatic relations.]] The '''foreign relations of Guinea''', including those with its [[West Africa]]n neighbors, have improved steadily since 1985.<ref>[https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2824.htm Background Note: Guinea], US Department of State, February 2009</ref> == Diplomatic history == [[Guinea]] re-established relations with [[France]] and [[West Germany]] in 1975, and with neighboring [[Ivory Coast]] and [[Senegal]] in 1978.<ref>{{cite web |title=Guinea |url=https://www.mfa.gov.cn/web/gjhdq_676201/gj_676203/fz_677316/1206_677728/1206x0_677730/ |website=[[Ministry of Foreign Affairs, People's Republic of China]] |access-date=31 January 2022 |quote=1978年，几分别与塞内加尔和科特迪瓦重新互派大使并签订友好合作条约。 |language=zh-cn}}</ref> Guinea has been active in efforts toward regional integration and cooperation, especially regarding the Organisation of African Unity and the [[Economic Community of West African States]] (ECOWAS).{{Citation needed|date=May 2009}} Guinea has participated in both diplomatic and military efforts to resolve conflicts in [[Liberia]], [[Sierra Leone]], and [[Guinea-Bissau]], and contributed contingents of troops to peacekeeping operations in all three countries as part of [[ECOMOG]], the Military Observer Group of ECOWAS.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/55719.stm ECOMOG: peacekeeper or participant?], BBC News Online, February 11, 1998</ref> In the 1990s, Guinea hosted almost a million refugees fleeing the civil wars in [[Sierra Leone Civil War|Sierra Leone]] and [[First Liberian Civil War|Liberia]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|last=Refugees|first=United Nations High Commissioner for|title=UNHCR Global Report 2004 - Guinea|url=https://www.unhcr.org/publications/fundraising/42ad4d9c7/unhcr-global-report-2004-guinea.html|access-date=2021-05-05|website=UNHCR|language=en}}</ref> As of 2004, Guinea maintained a policy of unrestricted admission to refugees.<ref name=":1" /> Guinea is also a member of the [[International Criminal Court]] with a Bilateral Immunity Agreement of protection for the [[United States military]] (as covered under [[Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court|Article 98]]).<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20061011140208/http://www.iccnow.org/documents/CICCFS_BIAstatus_current.pdf Status of US Bilateral Immunity Agreements (BIAs)]. Coalition of the International Criminal Court</ref> === 2009 ambassador recall === On 5 May 2009, President [[Moussa Dadis Camara]], who seized power in a [[2008 Guinean coup d'état|bloodless coup]] which followed the 22 December 2008 death of President [[Lansana Conté]], announced the recall of 30 of Guinea's [[ambassador]]s to other countries.<ref name="seattle">{{cite news | last = Sillah | first = Alhassan | title = Guinea recalls 30 ambassadors, from US to China | newspaper = [[Seattle Times]] | date = 6 May 2009 | url = http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/nationworld/2009182141_apafguinea.html | access-date = 7 May 2009}}</ref> The order was made by a [[presidential decree]] on state television and was the first major diplomatic move made by the new leader.<ref name="seattle"/> The decision affected ambassadors to the [[United States]], [[South Korea]], the [[People's Republic of China]], [[France]], the [[United Kingdom]], [[Russia]], [[Egypt]], [[South Africa]], [[Italy]], [[Japan]], [[Brazil]], [[Cuba]], [[Switzerland]], [[Serbia]], [[Malaysia]], [[Iran]], the [[United Arab Emirates]], [[Senegal]], [[Nigeria]], [[Libya]], [[Ghana]], [[Algeria]], [[Morocco]], [[Gabon]], [[Liberia]], [[Sierra Leone]] and [[Guinea-Bissau]], comprising almost all of Guinea's foreign embassies.<ref name="seattle"/><ref name="TTC"/><ref name="annapolis">{{cite news | title =World Digest | publisher = Hometown Annapolis | date = 6 May 2009 | url = http://www.hometownannapolis.com/news/top/2009/05/06-19/World-Digest.html | access-date = 7 May 2009}}</ref> The Guinean representatives to the [[European Union]], the [[United Nations]] and the [[African Union]] were also affected.<ref name="seattle"/><ref name="TTC"/> No reason was stated for the recall.<ref name="TTC">{{cite news|url=http://www.ttc.org/200905061603.n46g3nv02632.htm |title=Guinea junta recalls 30 ambassadors |date=2009-05-06 |publisher=The Tocqueville Connection |access-date=2009-05-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090512155101/http://www.ttc.org/200905061603.n46g3nv02632.htm |archive-date=12 May 2009 }}</ref> The ''Tocqueville Connection'' states: "Most of the ambassadors were appointed by former prime minister [[Lansana Kouyaté]], in office from February 2007 until May 2008,"<ref name="TTC"/> raising the possibility that the recall was an attempt on the part of Camara to distance himself from the previous government. In late March 2009, the Guinean ambassador to Serbia faced expulsion for personal involvement in cigarette smuggling (1,000 packs of cigarettes were found in his [[BMW]]) but avoided arrest due to [[diplomatic immunity]] (although he was declared as [[persona non grata]]).<ref>[http://www.blic.rs/hronika.php?id=84956 Ambasador Gvineje švercovao cigarete]</ref> ===2021 coup d'etat=== The September 5, 2021 coup d'etat brought swift condemnation and threats of sanctions from the [[United Nations]], the [[African Union]], the West African regional bloc [[ECOWAS]] (which suspended Guinea), and close allies of Guinea—as well as the [[United States of America|United States]]—among others.<ref name="guinea_coup_leader_2021_09_06_reuters">[https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/uneasy-calm-guinea-after-president-condes-apparent-ouster-2021-09-06/ "Guinea coup leader bars foreign travel for government officials,"] [[Reuters News Service]], retrieved September 6, 2021</ref><ref name="us_relations_2021_09_05_state_gov">[https://www.state.gov/on-the-military-seizure-of-power-in-guinea/ "On the Military Seizure of Power in Guinea,"] September 5, 2021, [[United States Department of State]], retrieved September 6, 2021</ref><ref name="leaders_suspend_guinea_2021_09_08_bbc">[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-58487925 "West African leaders suspend Guinea from Ecowas following coup,"] September 9, 2021, [[BBC News]], retrieved September 9, 2021</ref> China, uncharacteristically, also openly opposed the coup.<ref name="china_is_ok_2021_09_foreign_policy">[https://foreignpolicy.com/2021/09/08/china-guinea-interference-relations-alpha-conde-xi-jinping/ "China Is OK With Interfering in Guinea's Internal Affairs,"], September 8, 2021, ''[[Foreign Policy]]'' retrieved September 9, 2021</ref> {{Further|2021 Guinean coup d'état}} ===Bilateral relations=== {| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%; margin:auto;" |- ! style="width:15%;"| Country ! style="width:12%;"| Formal Relations Began !Notes |- valign="top" |{{flag|Australia}}||<!--Date started-->|| * Australia and Guinea share close interests in the mining sector. They are the two largest bauxite producers in the world (see [[List of countries by bauxite production]]) and were founding signatories in the 1970s of the (now defunct) International Bauxite Agreement. Australian companies are involved in developing the Guinean mining sector. * Guinea is accredited to Australia, through its embassy in Tokyo.<ref name="AMB"/> * Australia is accredited to Guinea, through its embassy in [[Accra]], [[Ghana]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Australian High Commission in Ghana |title=home |url=https://ghana.embassy.gov.au/ |website=Australian High Commission in Ghana website |access-date=6 February 2022}}</ref> |- |{{Flag|Azerbaijan}} |11 March 1992<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Guinea|url=https://mfa.gov.az/en/content/270/guinea|access-date=2021-01-24|website=mfa.gov.az}}</ref> | * The Republic of Guinea was one of the first states to recognize the independence of the Republic of Azerbaijan on January 9, 1992.<ref name=":0" /> * The Republic of Guinea was also the first African state to establish diplomatic relations with Azerbaijan, creating bilateral diplomatic ties on March 11, 1992.<ref name=":0" /> |- |{{Flag|Botswana}} |20 April 2007 |Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 April 2007<ref>{{Cite web |title=Diplomatic Relations Between Botswana and Guinea as of 20 Apr. 2007 |url=https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/1327657?ln=en |access-date=1 May 2023 |website=United Nations Digital Library}}</ref> |- valign="top" |{{flag|Canada}}||<!--Date started-->March 1962|| * Canada is accredited to Guinea from its embassy in [[Dakar]], [[Senegal]].<ref>[http://www.canadainternational.gc.ca/senegal/index.aspx?lang=eng Embassy of Canada in Senegal]</ref> * Guinea has an embassy in [[Ottawa]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://ambaguinee-canada.org/fr/ |title=Embassy of Guinea in Canada |access-date=2017-07-28 |archive-date=2020-01-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200105082718/http://ambaguinee-canada.org/fr/ }}</ref> |- valign="top" |{{flag|China}}||<!--Date started-->14 October 1959||See [[China–Guinea relations]] The People's Republic of China and the Republic of Guinea established diplomatic relations on October 14, 1959, making Guinea the first country in Sub-Saharan Africa to establish formal relations with China.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.china.org.cn/english/features/focac/183525.htm| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101026031030/http://china.org.cn/english/features/focac/183525.htm| archive-date = 2010-10-26| title = Guinea -- china.org.cn}}</ref> China has become heavily dependent upon Guinea for [[bauxite]] ([[aluminum]] ore) -- Guinea's principal export—consuming half of it.<ref name="china_is_ok_2021_09_foreign_policy"/> |- |{{Flag|Colombia}} |30 September 1988 |Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 September 1988<ref>{{Cite web |title=Diplomatic Relations Between Colombia and Guinea as of 30 Sept. 1988 |url=https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/1636721?ln=en |access-date=1 May 2023 |website=United Nations Digital Library}}</ref> |- |{{Flag|Cote d'Ivoire}} |14 April 1978 |Both countries established diplomatic relations on 14 April 1978<ref>{{Cite web |title=Diplomatic relations between Côte d’Ivoire and Guinea as of 14 Apr. 1978 (United Nations Digital Library) |url=https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/1486154?ln=en}}</ref> |- |{{Flag|Croatia}} |8 December 1997 |Both countries established diplomatic relations on 8 December 1997<ref>{{Cite web |title=Diplomatic Relations Between Croatia and Guinea as of 8 Dec. 1997 |url=https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/1476477?ln=en |access-date=1 May 2023 |website=United Nations Digital Library}}</ref> |- valign="top" |{{flag|France}}||<!--Date started-->1958|| * France has an embassy in Conakry.<ref>[https://gn.ambafrance.org/ Embassy of Franc in Guinea]</ref> * Guinea has an embassy in [[Paris]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ambaguineefrance.org/ |title=Embassy of Guinea in France |access-date=2017-07-28 |archive-date=2018-09-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180908010740/http://www.ambaguineefrance.org/ }}</ref> |- |{{Flag|Georgia}} |31 July 1998 |Both countries established diplomatic relations on 31 July 1998<ref>{{Cite web |title=Diplomatic Relations Between Georgia and Guinea as of 31 July 1998 |url=https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/1476230?ln=en |access-date=1 May 2023 |website=United Nations Digital Library}}</ref> |- |{{GER}} |30 July 1959 |Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 July 1959<ref>{{Cite web |title=Guinea: Überblick (Auswärtiges Amt Bundesrepublik Deutschland) |url=https://www.auswaertiges-amt.de/de/service/laender/guinea-node/guinea/206096?view=}}</ref> See [[Germany–Guinea relations]] * Germany has an embassy in Conakry. * Guinea has an embassy in [[Berlin]]. |- valign="top" |{{flag|Ghana}}||1958|| * Guinea has an embassy in Accra, which was opened in 1958.<ref name=embasus>{{cite book |title=Giant Stride Forward: Republic of Guinea, First Year of Freedom |publisher=The Embassy of Guinea to the United States |year=1959 |page=18 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iUAwAAAAIAAJ&dq=vietnam+embassy+morocco+accredited+to+guinea&pg=PA18}}</ref> * Ghana has an embassy in [[Conakry]] which is also accredited to [[Guinea-Bissau]].<ref name=GhanaEmb-Conakry>{{Cite web |title=Embassy of the Republic of Ghana - Conakry, Guinea |url=https://www.ghanaembassy-guinea.com/ |access-date=15 March 2022}}</ref> |- |{{Flag|Guatemala}} |12 February 1993 |Both countries established diplomatic relations on 12 February 1993<ref>{{Cite web |title=Diplomatic Relations Between Guatemala and Guinea as of 12 Feb. 1993 |url=https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/1627589?ln=en |access-date=1 May 2023 |website=United Nations Digital Library}}</ref> |- valign="top" |{{flag|Indonesia}}||<!--Date started-->1963|| * Indonesia's embassy in Dakar, Senegal is accredited to Guinea. * Guinea's embassy in [[Kuala Lumpur]], Malaysia is accredited to Indonesia.<ref>{{cite web|title=Guinea |url=https://kemlu.go.id/dakar/id/read/guinea/184/etc-menu |publisher=Indonesian embassy in Dakar, Senegal |access-date=2017-06-27|language=id}}</ref> |- valign="top" |{{flag|Israel}}||12 January 1959||See [[Guinea–Israel relations]] Both countries established diplomatic relations on 12 January 1959<ref>{{Cite book |title=The Israel Digest of Press and Events in Israel and the Middle East Volumes 1-3 |publisher=Israel Digest |year=1958 |pages=4}}</ref>. Guinea broke off diplomatic relations with Israel on 12 June 1967<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.google.com.ua/books/edition/From_Jerusalem_to_the_Lion_of_Judah_and/WER8YBegWxYC?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Israel+and+Guinea+broken+diplomatic+relations&pg=PA229&printsec=frontcover |title=From Jerusalem to the Lion of Judah and Beyond Israel's Foreign Policy in East Africa |publisher=iUniverse |year=2012 |pages=229}}</ref>They resumed diplomatic relations on 20 July 2016<ref>{{Cite web |title=Israel says renews diplomatic ties with Republic of Guinea |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-israel-guinea-idUSKCN1001US |access-date=7 May 2023 |website=reuters.com}}</ref> |- valign="top" |{{flag|Liberia}}||1958|| * Guinea has an embassy in Monrovia, which was opened in 1958.<ref name=embasus /> * Liberia has an embassy in [[Conakry]]. |- |{{Flag|Libya}} |26 March 1968 |Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 March 1968<ref>{{Cite book |title=ARR: Arab Report and Record |publisher=Economic Features, Limited |year=1968 |pages=75}}</ref> |- valign="top" |{{flag|Malaysia}}||<!--Date started-->|| * Malaysia has an embassy in Conakry. * Guinea has an embassy in [[Kuala Lumpur]].<ref>{{cite web|title=几内亚大使馆|url=http://www.mfa.go.th/main/en/information/1694/25869-GUINEA-(Kuala-Lumpur).html|publisher=Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Thailand|access-date=2017-06-27|language=en}}</ref> |- |{{Flag|Mauritius}} |29 October 1973 |Both countries established diplomatic relations on 29 October 1973<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.google.com.ua/books/edition/Summary_of_World_Broadcasts/xQgsAQAAIAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Diplomatic:+the+Republics+of+Guinea+and+Mauritius+have+established+diplomatic+relations+at+ambassadorial+level&pg=RA26-PA6&printsec=frontcover |title=Summary of World Broadcasts Non-Arab Africa · Issues 4412-4487 |publisher=British Broadcasting Corporation. Monitoring Service |year=1973 |pages=6}}</ref> |- valign="top" |{{flag|Mexico}}||<!--Date started-->25 January 1962|| * Guinea is accredited to Mexico from its embassy in [[Havana]], [[Cuba]].<ref>[http://www.inm.gob.mx/gobmx/word/index.php/guinea/ Accreditation of Guinea to Mexico]</ref> * Mexico is accredited to Guinea from its embassy in [[Abuja]], [[Nigeria]].<ref>[https://embamex.sre.gob.mx/nigeria/ Embassy of Mexico in Nigeria]</ref> |- valign="top" |{{flag|North Korea}}||<!--Date started-->8 October 1958|| * North Korea has an embassy in Conakry. |- valign="top" |{{SRB}}||<!--Date started-->1958|| * Serbia is accredited to Guinea, through its embassy in [[Algiers]], Algeria. * Guinea has an embassy in [[Belgrade]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Guinea |url=https://www.mfa.gov.rs/en/foreign-policy/bilateral-cooperation/guinea |website=MFA Serbia |access-date=2022-02-01 |language=en}}</ref> |- valign="top" |{{flag|Republic of Korea}}||<!--Date started-->28 August 2006|| * Diplomatic relations between the [[Republic of Korea]] and Guinea were established on 28 August 2006.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Countries & Regions (Ministry of Foreign Affairs Republic of Korea) |url=https://www.mofa.go.kr/eng/nation/m_4902/view.do?seq=152}}</ref> The number of South Koreans living in Guinea in 2011 was 70.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.mofa.go.kr/ENG/countries/middleeast/countries/20070824/1_24450.jsp?menu=m_30_50| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150904015758/http://www.mofa.go.kr/ENG/countries/middleeast/countries/20070824/1_24450.jsp?menu=m_30_50| archive-date = 2015-09-04| title = Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea-Middle East and Africa}}</ref> * Guinea is accredited to South Korea, through its embassy in Tokyo.<ref name="AMB">{{cite web |title=AMBASSADEUR EXTRAORDINAIRE ET PLÉNIPOTENTIAIRE DE LA RÉPUBLIQUE DE GUINÉE |website=Guinean Embassy, Tokyo |url=https://ambaguitokyo.org/ |access-date=2022-02-02 |archive-date=2022-02-02 |archive-url=https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/index2.php?url=https%3A%2F%2Fambaguitokyo.org%2Fwp%2F |language=fr |quote=Guinée et à ses relations avec les pays relevant de sa juridiction à savoir le Japon, la Corée du Sud, les Philippines, Singapore, l'Australie, la Nouvelle Zélande, et la République de Fiji}}</ref> * South Korea is accredited to Guinea, through its embassy in [[Dakar]], Senegal. |- valign="top" |{{flag|Somalia}}||<!--Date started-->|| * In 2019, Somalia suspended diplomatic relations with Guinea after [[President of Guinea|President]] [[Alpha Condé|Alpha Conde]] invited [[President of Somaliland|Somaliland President]] [[Muse Bihi Abdi]] to visit [[Guinea]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=GULED |first1=ABDI |title=Somalia cuts diplomatic ties with Guinea over Somaliland |url=https://apnews.com/article/882952c69922482590379635f01cf327 |access-date=2019-07-05 |work=[[Associated Press]]}}</ref> |- |{{Flag|Tunisia}} |30 June 1962 |Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 June 1962<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.google.com.ua/books/edition/Daily_Report_Foreign_Radio_Broadcasts/pVQAPAmV-8sC?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Kenya+are+to+establish+diplomatic+relations+at+ambassadorial+level+...&pg=RA2-PA9&printsec=frontcover |title=Daily Report, Foreign Radio Broadcasts Issues 130-131 |publisher=United States. Central Intelligence Agency |year=1962 |pages=9 |access-date=30 April 2023}}</ref> |- valign="top |{{flag|Turkey}}||<!--Date started-->1960<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.mfa.gov.tr/relations-between-turkey-and-guinea.en.mfa| title= Relations between Turkey and Guinea|publisher=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Turkey}}</ref>|| * [[Guinea]] has an embassy in [[Ankara]].<ref name="auto48">{{Cite web | url=http://www.mfa.gov.tr/relations-between-turkey-and-guinea.en.mfa| title= Relations between Turkey and Guinea}}</ref> *Turkey has an embassy in [[Conakry]].<ref name="auto48"/> *Trade volume between the two countries was 136.7 million USD in 2019.<ref name="auto48"/> *There are direct flights from [[Istanbul]] to [[Conakry]] since January 30, 2017.<ref name="auto48"/> |- valign="top" |{{flag|United States}}||13 February 1959||Both countries established diplomatic relations on 13 February 1959<ref>{{Cite web |title=A Guide to the United States’ History of Recognition, Diplomatic, and Consular Relations, by Country, since 1776: Guinea |url=https://history.state.gov/countries/guinea}}</ref> See [[Guinea – United States relations]] Guinea became the first [[France|French]] African colony to gain independence, on 2 October 1958, at the cost of the immediate cessation of all French assistance. After a temporary suspension due to nationwide political unrest in early 2007, the [[Peace Corps]] program in Guinea resumed operations at the end of July. Prior to the suspension, Peace Corps had more than 100 volunteers throughout the country, and the program is gradually increasing its numbers again. Volunteers work in four project areas: secondary education, [[environment (biophysical)|environment]]/agro-forestry, public health and [[HIV/AIDS]] prevention, and small enterprise development. Guinea has also had a strong [[Crisis Corps]] program through the last few years. The U.S. "condemned" Guinea's "2008 military coup d'etat,"—but had "close relations" with Guinea before the coup, and after "Guinea's presidential elections in 2010"—in support of "democratic reform."<ref name="us_relations_2018_10_30_state_gov">[https://www.state.gov/u-s-relations-with-guinea/ "U.S. Relations With Guinea,"] October 30, 2018, [[United States Department of State]], retrieved September 6, 2021</ref> However, the U.S. State Department immediately condemned the September 5, 2021 coup d'etat, warning against "violence and any extra-constitutional measures, [which] could limit the ability of the United States and Guinea's other international partners to support the country..."<ref name="guinea_coup_leader_2021_09_06_reuters" /><ref name="us_relations_2021_09_05_state_gov" /> * Guinea has an embassy in [[Washington, D.C.]]<ref>[https://www.guineaembassyusa.com/ Embassy of Guinea in the United States]</ref> * United States has an embassy in [[Conakry]].<ref>[https://gn.usembassy.gov/ Embassy of the United States in Guinea]</ref> |- valign="top" |{{flag|Vietnam}}||<!--Date started-->9 October 1958|| * Guinea is the first country in Africa to establish formal diplomatic relations with Vietnam. * Vietnam's embassy in Rabat, Morocco is accredited to Guinea. * Guinea's embassy in Beijing, China is accredited to Vietnam.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mofa.gov.vn/vi/cn_vakv/nr040819100948/nr101114235646/ns200810182335|title=Tài liệu cơ bản về nước Cộng hòa Ghi-nê (Ghi-nê Cô-na-cơ-ri) và quan hệ với Việt Nam|publisher=}}</ref> |} ==See also== *[[List of diplomatic missions in Guinea]] *[[List of diplomatic missions of Guinea]]<!-- NOT a duplicate: note the second "of"! --> == References == {{Reflist}} {{Foreign relations of Guinea}} {{Guinea topics}} {{Africa in topic|Foreign relations of}} [[Category:Foreign relations of Guinea| ]]'