уж
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See also: юж
Ingush
[edit]Etymology
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]уж • (už)
Declension
[edit]Ingush personal pronouns | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |
Nominative | со (so) | хьо (ḥʳo) | из (iz) | |
Genitive | са (sa) | хьа (ḥʳa) | цун (cun) | |
Dative | со̄на (soona) | хьо̄на (ḥʳoona) | цунна (cunna) | |
Ergative | а̄з (aaz) | ӏа (ˀa) | цо̄ (coo) | |
Allative | со̄га (sooga) | хьо̄га (ḥʳooga) | цунга (cunga) | |
Ablative | со̄гара (soogara) | хьо̄гара (ḥʳoogara) | цунгара (cungara) | |
Instrumental | со̄ца (sooca) | хьо̄ца (ḥʳooca) | цунца (cunca) | |
Lative | сох (sox) | хьох (ḥʳox) | цунах (cunax) | |
Comparative | сол (sol) | хьол (ḥʳol) | цул (cul) | |
Plural | 1st person (excl) | 2nd person | 3rd person | |
Nominative | тхо (txo) | шо (šo) | уж (už) | |
Genitive | тха (txa) | шун (šun) | ца̄р (caar) | |
Dative | тхо̄на (txoona) | шоана (šoana) | ца̄рна (caarna) | |
Ergative | оаха (oaxa) | оаш (oaš) | ца̄ра (caara) | |
Allative | тхо̄га (txooga) | шуга (šuga) | ца̄рга (caarga) | |
Ablative | тхо̄гара (txoogara) | шугара (šugara) | ца̄ргара (caargara) | |
Instrumental | тхо̄ца (txooca) | шуца (šuca) | ца̄рца (caarca) | |
Lative | тхох (txox) | шух (šux) | ца̄рех (caarex) | |
Comparative | тхол (txol) | шул (šul) | ца̄рел (caarel) | |
Plural | 1st person (incl) | |||
Nominative | вай (vaj) | |||
Genitive | вай (vaj) | |||
Dative | вайна (vajna) | |||
Ergative | вай (vaj) | |||
Allative | вайга (vajga) | |||
Ablative | вайгара (vajgara) | |||
Instrumental | вайца (vajca) | |||
Lative | вайх (vajx) | |||
Comparative | вайл (vajl) | |||
An exclusive form is a form that excludes the person being addressed. An inclusive form is a form that includes the person being addressed. |
References
[edit]- Nichols, Johanna B. (2004) “уж”, in Ingush–English and English–Ingush Dictionary, London and New York: Routledge, page 18
Russian
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- ужъ (už) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Shortened form of уже́ (užé).
Adverb
[edit]уж • (už)
- already
- Synonym: уже́ (užé)
- (colloquial) Used as a particle to express intensification of emotion, often when admonishing or requesting of someone, including in a few set phrases.
- Уж ты-то до́лжен знать. ― Už ty-to dólžen znatʹ. ― You of all people should know.
- Это́ не так уж сло́жно. ― Etó ne tak už slóžno. ― It's not that difficult.
- Он не тако́й уж плохо́й па́рень. ― On ne takój už ploxój párenʹ. ― He's not that bad of a guy.
- да уж ― da už ― yeah/well (in a disappointed, annoyed or ironic tone)
- и уж то́чно ― i už tóčno ― and certainly (followed by a negative phrase, e.g., one beginning with "not", "doesn't", "didn't", "wasn't", etc.)
- уж сли́шком ― už slíškom ― too much/overkill
- пусть уж лу́чше ― pustʹ už lúčše ― (it's) better (something happen) / (I'd/you'd/he'd/etc.) rather
- скоре́е уж ― skoréje už ― more like
- нет уж ― net už ― no (with the connotation of being fed up and wanting to move on)
- Тут уж ничего́ не поде́лаешь. ― Tut už ničevó ne podélaješʹ. ― There's nothing you can do.
- Я уж ду́мал, что потеря́л тебя́. ― Ja už dúmal, što poterjál tebjá. ― I thought I'd lost you (expressing relief).
- Вот уж не ду́мал(а/и), что... ― Vot už ne dúmal(a/i), što... ― Never thought (that)... (expressing mild astonishment)
- Ох уж э́то/э́тот/э́ти... ― Ox už éto/étot/éti... ― Oh, that/those... (expressing irony after an example of what is mentioned has been demonstrated)
- Ох уж э́то его́ воображе́ние! ― Ox už éto jevó voobražénije! ― Oh, that imagination of his!
- Ну, раз уж ты здесь... ― Nu, raz už ty zdesʹ... ― Well, since you're here...
Etymology 2
[edit]Inherited from Old East Slavic ѫжь (ǫžĭ), from Proto-Slavic *ǫžь, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éngʷʰis (“snake”). Cognates include Latin anguis, Old Prussian angis, Lithuanian angis, Latvian odze, Old High German unc and Old Armenian աւձ (awj).
Nomen
[edit]уж • (už) m anim (genitive ужа́, nominative plural ужи́, genitive plural уже́й)
Declension
[edit]Udmurt
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Permic *uǯ. Cognates include Komi-Zyrian удж (udž), Komi-Permyak удж (udž) and Komi-Yazva удж (udž).
Pronunciation
[edit]Nomen
[edit]уж • (už)
Declension
[edit]Declension of уж (soft declension)
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | уж už |
ужъёс užjos |
accusative | ужез užez |
ужъёсыз užjosyz |
genitive | ужлэн užlen |
ужъёслэн užjoslen |
dative | ужлы užly |
ужъёслы užjosly |
ablative | ужлэсь užleś |
ужъёслэсь užjosleś |
instrumental | ужен užen |
ужъёсын užjosyn |
abessive | ужтэк užtek |
ужъёстэк užjostek |
adverbial | ужъя užja |
ужъёсъя užjosja |
inessive | ужын užyn |
ужъёсын užjosyn |
illative | уже uže |
ужъёсы užjosy |
elative | ужысь užyś |
ужъёсысь užjosyś |
egressive | ужысьен užyśjen |
ужъёсысьен užjosyśjen |
terminative | ужозь užoź |
ужъёсозь užjosoź |
prolative | ужетӥ užeti |
ужъёсытӥ užjosyti |
allative | ужлань užlań |
ужъёслань užjoslań |
Possessive forms of уж
1st singular possessive forms of уж
2nd singular possessive forms of уж
3rd singular possessive forms of уж
1st plural possessive forms of уж
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | ужмы užmy |
ужъёсмы užjosmy |
accusative | ужмэс užmes |
ужъёсмес užjosmes |
genitive | ужмылэн užmylen |
ужъёсмылэн užjosmylen |
dative | ужмылы užmyly |
ужъёсмылы užjosmyly |
ablative | ужмылэсь užmyleś |
ужъёсмылэсь užjosmyleś |
instrumental | уженымы uženymy |
ужъёсынымы užjosynymy |
2nd plural possessive forms of уж
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | ужды uždy |
ужъёсты užjosty |
accusative | уждэс uždes |
ужъёстэс užjostes |
genitive | уждылэн uždylen |
ужъёстылэн užjostylen |
dative | уждылы uždyly |
ужъёстылы užjostyly |
ablative | уждылэсь uždyleś |
ужъёстылэсь užjostyleś |
instrumental | уженыды uženydy |
ужъёсыныды užjosynydy |
3rd plural possessive forms of уж
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | ужзы užzy |
ужъёссы užjossy |
accusative | ужзэс užzes |
ужъёссэс užjosses |
genitive | ужзылэн užzylen |
ужъёссылэн užjossylen |
dative | ужзылы užzyly |
ужъёссылы užjossyly |
ablative | ужзылэсь užzyleś |
ужъёссылэсь užjossyleś |
instrumental | уженызы uženyzy |
ужъёсынызы užjosynyzy |
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- L. E. Kirillova, L. L. Karpova, editors (2008), “уж”, in Удмурт-ӟуч кыллюкам [Udmurt-Russian dictionary], Izhevsk: Удмуртский институт истории, языка и литературы УрО РАН, →ISBN, page 682
- Yrjö Wichmann, Toivo Emil Uotila (1987) Mikko Korhonen, editor, Wotjakischer Wortschatz [Votyak Vocabulary] (Lexica Societatis Fenno-Ugricae; Volume 21) (overall work in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen Seura, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 305
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