ḥꜣtj
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Egyptian
[edit]10 | ||||
𓏺 1 |
2 → | 10 → | ||
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Cardinal: wꜥ Ordinal: tpj, ḥꜣtj Adverbial: zp wꜥ Distributive: wꜥ wꜥ |
Etymology
[edit]From ḥꜣt (“front”) + -j (nisba ending).
The noun is traditionally regarded as simply a nominalized use of this nisba adjective, thus literally ‘the frontal (organ)’. However, note the different developments in Coptic. Some have instead suggested an Indo-European source for the noun; compare Proto-Indo-European *ḱḗr.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (adjective): (reconstructed) IPA(key): /ħuˈʀiːtij/ → /ħuˈʀiːtij/ → /ˈħwiːtə/ → /ħwiːt/
- (noun): (reconstructed) IPA(key): /ˈħuʀtVj/ → /ˈħuʀtVj/ → /ˈħuːtə/ → /ˈħeːt/
- (modern Egyptological) IPA(key): /hɑti/
- Conventional anglicization: hati
Adjective
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- frontal
- (Late Egyptian) first
- Synonym: (Old and Middle Egyptian) tpj
Inflection
[edit]Declension of ḥꜣtj (nisba adjective)
masculine | feminine | |
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singular | ḥꜣtj |
ḥꜣtt |
dual | ḥꜣtjwj, ḥꜣtwj |
ḥꜣttj |
plural | ḥꜣtjw, ḥꜣtw |
ḥꜣtwt1, ḥꜣtt2 |
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Alternative forms
[edit]Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ḥꜣtj
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ḥꜣwtj | |||||
[Late Egyptian] |
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Demotic: ḥꜣṱ
Nomen
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m
Usage notes
[edit]More so than jb, this word is used to refer to the heart as a physical organ; however, the two are often interchangeable.
Inflection
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ḥꜣtj
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ḥꜣtj | ḥꜣt |
Synonyms
[edit]- (heart, mind): jb
Derived terms
[edit]- jwtj ḥꜣtj (“foolishly, sadly (with one's heart)”)
- rḏj ḥꜣtj m sꜣ (“to worry oneself about... (to put one's heart to the back)”)
- ḥꜣtjw (“thoughts”)
- ḥꜣtj n bjꜣ (“tireless (heart of bronze)”)
Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- Junge, Friedrich (2005) Late Egyptian Grammar: An Introduction, second English edition, Oxford: Griffith Institute, page 68
- James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 81.
- ^ Loprieno, Antonio (1995) Ancient Egyptian: A Linguistic Introduction, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN
- ^ Peust, Carsten (1999) Egyptian Phonology: An Introduction to the Phonology of a Dead Language[1], Göttingen: Peust und Gutschmidt Verlag GbR, page 262
- ^ Osing, Jürgen (1976) Die Nominalbildung des Ägyptischen, Mainz/Rhein: von Zabern, →ISBN, pages 316, 438, 458, 459