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U+4EF0, 仰
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4EF0

[U+4EEF]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+4EF1]

Translingual

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Stroke order

Han character

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(Kangxi radical 9, +4, 6 strokes, cangjie input 人竹女中 (OHVL), four-corner 27220, composition )

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 94, character 8
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 400
  • Dae Jaweon: page 199, character 14
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 125, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+4EF0

Chinese

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Wikipedia has an article on:

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script


References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *ŋaŋʔ, *ŋaŋs) : semantic (person) + phonetic (OC *ŋaːŋ, *ŋaŋʔ).

Etymology 1

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simp. and trad.
alternative forms

Pronunciation

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Note: ngong5 - vernacular (also written as ).
Note: literary.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /iɑŋ²¹⁴/
Harbin /iaŋ²¹³/
Tianjin /iɑŋ¹³/
Jinan /iaŋ⁵⁵/
Qingdao /iaŋ⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /iaŋ⁵³/
Xi'an /niaŋ⁵³/
/iaŋ⁵³/
Xining /iɔ̃⁵³/
Yinchuan /iɑŋ⁵³/
Lanzhou /iɑ̃⁴⁴²/
Ürümqi /iɑŋ⁵¹/
Wuhan /iaŋ⁴²/
Chengdu /iaŋ⁵³/
Guiyang /niaŋ⁴²/
Kunming /niã̠⁵³/
Nanjing /liaŋ²¹²/
Hefei /iɑ̃⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /iɒ̃⁵³/
Pingyao /iɑŋ⁵³/
Hohhot /iɑ̃⁵³/
Wu Shanghai /ȵiã³⁵/
/ȵiã²³/
Suzhou /ȵiã⁵¹/
Hangzhou /ȵiɑŋ⁵³/
Wenzhou /ȵi³⁵/
Hui Shexian /nia³⁵/
Tunxi /ȵiau³¹/
Xiang Changsha /ȵian⁴¹/
Xiangtan /ȵian⁴²/
Gan Nanchang /ȵiɔŋ²¹³/
Hakka Meixian
Taoyuan /ŋioŋ³¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /jœŋ²³/
Nanning /jœŋ²⁴/
Hong Kong /jœŋ¹³/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /giɔŋ⁵³/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /nyoŋ³²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /ŋiɔŋ²¹/
Shantou (Teochew) /ŋiaŋ⁵³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /niaŋ²¹³/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2
Initial () (31)
Final () (105)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter ngjangX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ŋɨɐŋX/
Pan
Wuyun
/ŋiɐŋX/
Shao
Rongfen
/ŋiɑŋX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ŋɨaŋX/
Li
Rong
/ŋiaŋX/
Wang
Li
/ŋĭaŋX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ŋi̯aŋX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
yǎng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
joeng5
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
yǎng
Middle
Chinese
‹ ngjangX ›
Old
Chinese
/*C.ŋaŋʔ/
English lift the face, look up

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2
No. 31
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ŋaŋʔ/

Definitions

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  1. to raise the head to look
  2. to look up to; to admire
  3. to face upward; to flip
  4. to trace back
  5. Used in official documents in the old days; shows deference to a superior, and hope to a subordinate.
  6. a surname
Antonyms
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  • (antonym(s) of to raise the head to look): ()

Compounds

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Etymology 2

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simp. and trad.
alternative forms

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • yǎng - Mainland and Taiwan standard;
  • yàng - obsolete.
Note: vernacular.

Rime
Character
Reading # 2/2
Initial () (31)
Final () (105)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter ngjangH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ŋɨɐŋH/
Pan
Wuyun
/ŋiɐŋH/
Shao
Rongfen
/ŋiɑŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ŋɨaŋH/
Li
Rong
/ŋiaŋH/
Wang
Li
/ŋĭaŋH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ŋi̯aŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
yàng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
joeng6
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 2/2
No. 33
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
𨋕
Old
Chinese
/*ŋaŋs/

Definitions

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  1. to rely on

Compounds

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Etymology 3

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simp. and trad.
alternative forms

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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  1. Alternative form of (high)

Compounds

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Etymology 4

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simp. and trad.
alternative forms

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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  1. (Hakka) how

Compounds

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Japanese

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Kanji

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(Jōyō kanji)

  1. face-up
  2. look up
  3. depend
  4. seek
  5. respect
  6. revere
  7. drink
  8. take

Readings

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Compounds

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Korean

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Hanja

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(eum (ang))

  1. to raise the head to look
  2. to look up; to rely on; to admire

Vietnamese

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Han character

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: Hán Nôm readings: ngưỡng, ngẳng, ngẵng, ngãng, khưỡng, ngẩng, ngẫng, ngửng

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

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