嬰兒

See also: 婴儿

Chinese

		infant; baby	son; child; diminutive suffix
trad. (嬰兒)		嬰	兒
simp. (婴儿)		婴	儿
2nd round simp.		𰋷儿

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yīng'ér

  (Zhuyin): ㄧㄥ ㄦˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jing¹ ji⁴
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): eng-lî / eng-jî

  (Teochew, Peng'im): êng¹ ri⁵

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹in-gher

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yīng'ér
    • Zhuyin: ㄧㄥ ㄦˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: ying-ér
    • Wade–Giles: ying¹-êrh²
    • Yale: yīng-ér
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ingerl
    • Palladius: инъэр (inʺer)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /iŋ⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: jing¹ ji⁴
    • Yale: yīng yìh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jing¹ ji⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: ying¹ yi⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɪŋ⁵⁵ jiː²¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: eng-lî
    • Tâi-lô: ing-lî
    • Phofsit Daibuun: englii
    • IPA (Taipei): /iɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ li²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /iɪŋ³³ li²⁴/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /iɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² li²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: eng-jî
    • Tâi-lô: ing-jî
    • Phofsit Daibuun: engjii
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /iɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² d͡zi¹³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /iɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ zi²³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: êng¹ ri⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: eng jî
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /eŋ³³⁻²³ d͡zi⁵⁵/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ¹in-gher
    • MiniDict: in^平 r
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹in-hher
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /in⁵⁵ ɦəl²¹/

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• Middle Chinese: 'jieng nye

Rime
Character	嬰	兒
Reading #	1/1	1/2
Initial (聲)	影 (34)	日 (38)
Final (韻)	清 (121)	支 (11)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Öffnen Sie	Öffnen Sie
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	於盈切	汝移切
Baxter	'jieng	nye
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔiᴇŋ/	/ȵiᴇ/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔiɛŋ/	/ȵiɛ/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔiæŋ/	/ȵʑjɛ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔiajŋ/	/ȵiə̆/
Li Rong	/ʔiɛŋ/	/ȵie/
Wang Li	/ĭɛŋ/	/ȵʑǐe/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʔi̯ɛŋ/	/ȵʑie̯/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yīng	ér
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jing1	ji4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*ʔeŋ  ŋe/

  (Zhengzhang): /*qeŋ  ŋje/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	嬰	兒
Reading #	2/2	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yīng	ér
Middle Chinese	‹ ʔjieng ›	‹ nye ›
Old Chinese	/*ʔeŋ/	/*ŋe/
Englisch	baby	child
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	嬰	兒
Reading #	1/1	2/2
No.	15336	2757
Phonetic component	賏	兒
Rime group	耕	支
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	嬰	兒
Old Chinese	/*qeŋ/	/*ŋje/

Nomen

嬰兒

1. baby; infant (Classifier: 個／个 m)

   • 我獨泊兮其未兆，如嬰兒之未孩。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     我独泊兮其未兆，如婴儿之未孩。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Tao Te Ching, 4^th century BCE

     Wǒ dú bó xī qí wèi zhào, rú yīng'ér zhī wèi hái. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

2. (Taoism) lead (metal)

   • 嬰兒奼女配陰陽，鉛汞相投分日月。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]
     婴儿姹女配阴阳，铅汞相投分日月。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]

     From: Wu Cheng'en, Journey to the West, 16^th century CE

     Yīng'ér chànǚ pèi yīnyáng, qiān gǒng xiāngtóu fēn rìyuè. [Pinyin]

     The baby and the girl were married; lead and mercury combined to divide the sun and the moon.

Synonyms

• (baby):

Dialectal synonyms of 嬰兒 (“baby; infant”) [map]

Variety	Standort	Words edit
Classical Chinese		嬰
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		嬰兒, 嬰孩
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	嬰孩兒
	Taiwan	嬰兒, 寶寶
	Singapur	嬰兒
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	娃娃
	Wanrong	胎娃
	Xuzhou	小毛娃兒
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	奶娃兒, 奶娃子, 奶娃娃
	Wuhan	毛頭伢, 毛頭, 毛毛伢, 毛毛, 伢伢
	Guiyang	嫩娃娃
	Kunming	小每每, 小咕奶兒
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	小毛娃, 毛娃, 小寶寶
Cantonese	Guangzhou	蘇蝦仔, 蘇蝦, 𤘅孲仔, BB仔, BB, 阿蝦, 臊妹, 嫩蚊仔
	Hongkong	BB仔, BB, B, 蘇蝦仔, 蘇蝦, 𤘅孲仔, 蝦仔
	Macau	BB仔
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	蘇蝦仔
	Taishan	毛蝦
	Dongguan	蘇蝦仔, BB, BB仔
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	蘇蝦仔, 𤘅孲仔, BB仔, BB
	Singapore (Guangfu)	蘇蝦
Gan	Nanchang	毛伢子
	Lichuan	毛伢崽
	Pingxiang	毛毛仔
Hakka	Meixian	孲𤘅仔
	Xingning	孲𤘅哩
	Huidong (Daling)	孲𤘅仔
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	孲𤘅子
	Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)	嫩仔
	Changting	孲𤘅子, 赤蝦子
	Wuping	孲𤘅子, 赤蝦子
	Wuping (Pingyu)	蝦毛子
	Liancheng	孲𤘅子
	Yudu	伢人子, 毛伢子
	Ruijin	孲𤘅子, 赤蝦子
	Shicheng	赤伢
	Shangyou (Shexi)	伢毛子
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	孲𤘅仔
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	孲𤘅仔
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	孲𤘅, 孲𤘅仔
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	孲𤘅
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	孲𤘅仔, 孲𤘅
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	阿佅, 嬰仔
Huizhou	Jixi	細妹
Jin	Taiyuan	小娃娃
	Xinzhou	小娃子
Northern Min	Jian'ou	𤘅仔
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	兒囝囝
Southern Min	Xiamen	嬰仔, 幼囝
	Quanzhou	嬰仔, 幼囝
	Jinjiang	幼囝
	Yongchun	嬰囝
	Zhangzhou	嬰仔, 嬰哥, 紅嬰仔, 紅嬰, 幼囝
	Taipei	嬰仔
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	紅嬰
	Kaohsiung	紅嬰仔
	Yilan	紅嬰仔
	Changhua (Lukang)	紅嬰仔
	Taichung	紅嬰仔
	Tainan	紅嬰仔
	Hsinchu	紅嬰仔
	Kinmen	嬰仔
	Singapore (Hokkien)	嬰仔, 尾咪, 細囝
	Manila (Hokkien)	嬰仔
	Guilin (Biyange)	毛毛崽
	Shantou	孥囝
	Jieyang	伲伲, 阿伲, 阿伲囝, 阿孥, 孥, 擁噯
	Singapore (Teochew)	anak
	Leizhou	儂
	Haikou	囝, 儂 intimate
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Sanxiang)	丫囝
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	娃娃
Wu	Shanghai	小毛頭, 小小囡, 毛毛頭
	Shanghai (Chongming)	小小囡
	Suzhou	小毛頭, 毛毛頭, 血泡泡
	Danyang	小毛毛, 毛毛
	Hangzhou	小毛頭兒, 小毛頭, 毛頭兒, 毛毛頭
	Ningbo	奶花, 小毛頭, 毛頭奶花, 孲𤘅, 抱手
	Wenzhou	娒兒, 娒娒兒
	Jinhua	王男
Xiang	Changsha	毛毛, 毛毛它, 毛它
	Loudi	毛毛唧, 毛毛

• (lead): 鉛／铅 (qiān)

Derived terms

• 嬰兒奶粉／婴儿奶粉
• 嬰兒室／婴儿室
• 嬰兒床／婴儿床 (yīng'érchuáng)
• 嬰兒死亡率／婴儿死亡率 (yīng'ér sǐwánglǜ)
• 嬰兒猝死症／婴儿猝死症 (yīng'ér cùsǐzhèng)
• 嬰兒猝死症候群／婴儿猝死症候群
• 嬰兒車／婴儿车 (yīng'érchē)
• 嬰兒配方奶粉／婴儿配方奶粉 (yīng'ér pèifāng nǎifěn)
• 嬰兒食品／婴儿食品 (yīng'ér shípǐn)
• 試管嬰兒／试管婴儿 (shìguǎn yīng'ér)

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (嬰兒):

• → Japanese: 嬰(えい)児(じ) (eiji)
• → Korean: 영아(嬰兒) (yeong'a)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
嬰	兒
えい Hyōgai	じ Jinmeiyō
on'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 嬰兒 – see the following entry.

【嬰児えいじ】 [noun] baby, infant, newborn Alternative spelling みどりご

(This term, 嬰兒, is the kyūjitai of the above term.)