Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/čerda
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Proto-Slavic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Balto-Slavic *(s)kerdāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱerdʰ-.
Baltic cognates include Lithuanian ker̃džius (“shepherd”), sker̃džius (“shepherd”), Old Prussian kērdan (“time (acc. sg.)”).
Indo-European cognates include Proto-Germanic *herdō (“herd”), and possibly Sanskrit शर्ध m (śárdha, “host (of Maruts)”) and Avestan 𐬯𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬀 (sarəδa, “kind, nature”).
Nomen
[edit]Inflection
[edit]Declension of *čērdà (hard a-stem, accent paradigm b)
singular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | *čērdà | *čẽrdě | *čērdỳ |
genitive | *čērdỳ | *čērdù | *čẽrdъ |
dative | *čērdě̀ | *čērdàma | *čērdàmъ |
accusative | *čērdǫ̀ | *čẽrdě | *čērdỳ |
instrumental | *čērdòjǫ, *čẽrdǫ** | *čērdàma | *čērdàmī |
locative | *čērdě̀ | *čērdù | *čērdàsъ, *čērdàxъ* |
vocative | *čerdo | *čẽrdě | *čērdỳ |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Alternative forms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Cyrillic: чрѣда (črěda)
- Glagolitic: [Term?]
- → Russian: чреда́ (čredá)
- Bulgarian: черда́ (čerdá, "herd of cattle”)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Slovene: črẹ́da ("herd, flock, row”) (tonal orthography)
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
[edit]- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “череда”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1977), “*čerda”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 4 (*čaběniti – *děľa), Moscow: Nauka, page 60
References
[edit]- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*čerdà; *čérdъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 81: “f. ā; m. o (b) ‘file, herd’”
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “čerda čerdy”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b herd; row; turn (NA 92, 141; PR 135)”
Kategorien:
- Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Proto-Slavic lemmas
- Proto-Slavic nouns
- Proto-Slavic feminine nouns
- Proto-Slavic hard a-stem nouns
- Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b