Ero sivun ”Käyttäjä:Tommi Nummelin/Patteriluonnos” versioiden välillä
Ei muokkausyhteenvetoa |
Ei muokkausyhteenvetoa |
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Rivi 63: | Rivi 63: | ||
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===Ei-pyöreät paristot=== |
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Mittasarakkeessa K tarkoittaa korkeutta, P pituutta ja L leveyttä. |
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{| class="wikitable" width="100%" |
{| class="wikitable" width="100%" |
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|- |
|- valign="top" | |
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! Yleisin nimi / kuva |
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! Most common <br> name / image |
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! Muita nimiä |
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! Other common <br />names |
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! IEC |
! IEC-nimi |
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! ANSI/NEDA |
! ANSI/NEDA-nimi |
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! |
! Tyypillinen kapasiteetti<br />([[Ampeeritunti|mAh]]) |
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! Nimellisjännite ([[Voltti|V]]) |
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! Nominal<br>voltage (V) |
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! Terminaalit |
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! Terminal layout |
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! |
! Mitat <br />(mm) |
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! Kommentti |
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! Comments |
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|- |
|- valign="top" | |
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| width="125px" | ''' |
| width="125px" | '''4,5-volttinen'''<br>[[File:4,5V-AA-battery.jpg|125px]] |
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| Pocketable |
| Pocketable battery <br>1203 <br>4.5 V <br>Type 3336 ([[Venäjä|Venäjällä]])<br>6135-99-738-4038 (NSN)<ref name="DSTAN" /><br> |
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| 3LR12 ( |
| 3LR12 (alkali) <br>3R12 (hiili-sinkki) |
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| MN1203 ( |
| MN1203 (mangaani) |
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| 6100 ( |
| 6100 (alkali) <br>1200 (hiili-sinkki) |
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| '' |
| ''Alkali, hiili-sinkki <br />(3 kennoa):'' 4,5 |
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| |
| Kaksi 6–7 mm leveää metallinauhaa<br>''(+) :'' Lyhyt<br>''(−) :'' Pidempi nauha |
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| |
| K: 67 <br> P: 62 <br> L: 22 |
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| Tämä paristotyyppi on yleinen lähinnä [[Euroopan unioni|Euroopassa]] ja [[Venäjä|Venäjällä]]. |
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| This battery is most common in Europe and Russian Federation. In Switzerland {{as of|2008|lc=y}}, 4.5-volt lantern batteries accounted for 1% of primary battery sales.<ref>[http://www.inobat.ch/fileadmin/user_upload/pdf_09/Absatz_Statistik_2008.pdf] INOBAT 2008 statistics.</ref> |
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|- |
|- valign="top" | |
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| ''' |
| '''9-volttinen'''<br>[[File:9V matchstick-1.jpg|125px]] |
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| PP3<br /> |
| PP3<br />Neppariparisto<br />MN1604<br />Square battery<br />Krona ([[Venäjä|Venäjällä]])<br />Transistor<br>6135-99-634-8080 (NSN)<ref name="DSTAN" /><br> |
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| 6LR61 ( |
| 6LR61 (alkali) <br />6F22 (hiili-sinkki) <br />6KR61 (NiCd) <br />6HR61 (NiMH) |
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| 1604A ( |
| 1604A (alkali) <br /> 1604D (hiili-sinkki) <br /> 1604LC (litium) <br /> 7.2H5 (NiMH) <br /> 11604 (NiCd)<br>1604M (elohopea,<br> ei käytössä)<ref>http://data.energizer.com/PDFs/E146X.pdf</ref> |
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| 565 ( |
| 565 (alkali) <br /> 400 (hiili-sinkki) <br /> 1200 (litium) <br /> 175–300 (NiMH) <br /> 120 (NiCd) <br /> 500 (lithium polymer <br>rechargeable)<br>580 (mercury,<br> obsolete) |
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| '' |
| ''Alkali, hiili-sinkki <br />(6 kennoa):'' 9 <br>''Litium <br />(3 kennoa):'' 9 <br>''NiMH / NiCd <br />(6, 7 tai 8 kennoa):'' <br />7,2, 8,4 or 9,6 |
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<ref>http://www.mahaenergy.com/store/viewItem.asp?idProduct=273</ref> |
<ref>http://www.mahaenergy.com/store/viewItem.asp?idProduct=273</ref> |
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| |
| Molemmat samassa päädyssä<br />''(+) : ''urosliitin<br />''(−) :'' naarasliitin |
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| |
| K: 48,5<br />P: 26,5<br />L: 17,5 |
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| Lisättiin ANSI-standardiin [[1959]]. Suomessa "neppariparisto" on yleinen mm. kaukosäätimissä, matkaradioissa ja palohälyttimissä. |
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| Added to ANSI standard in 1959 |
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|- |
|- valign="top" | |
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| '''[[Lantern battery|Lantern (Spring)]]'''<br>[[File:Lantern battery.jpg|125px]] |
| '''[[Lantern battery|Lantern (Spring)]]'''<br>[[File:Lantern battery.jpg|125px]] |
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| Lantern<br />6 volt<br />Spring Top<br />MN908 (UK)<br>996 or PJ996<br>Energizer 529<br>6135-99-910-1145 (NSN)<ref name="DSTAN"/><br> |
| Lantern<br />6 volt<br />Spring Top<br />MN908 (UK)<br>996 or PJ996<br>Energizer 529<br>6135-99-910-1145 (NSN)<ref name="DSTAN" /><br> |
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| 4LR25Y (alkaline) <br /> 4R25 ( |
| 4LR25Y (alkaline) <br /> 4R25 (hiili-sinkki) |
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| 908A (alkaline) <br /> 908D ( |
| 908A (alkaline) <br /> 908D (hiili-sinkki) |
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| 26,000 ( |
| 26,000 (alkali) <br /> 10,500 (hiili-sinkki) |
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| '' |
| ''Alkali, hiili-sinkki <br />(4 cells):'' 6 |
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| Springs Top <br />''(+) :'' corner spring<br />''(−) :'' center spring |
| Springs Top <br />''(+) :'' corner spring<br />''(−) :'' center spring |
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| H: 115 <br /> L: 68.2<br />W: 68.2 |
| H: 115 <br /> L: 68.2<br />W: 68.2 |
Versio 24. joulukuuta 2013 kello 14.26
(Luettelo yleisistä paristoista)
Tämä artikkeli esittelee kotitalouskäyttöön ja kevyeen ammattikäyttöön tarkoitettuja kertakäyttö- ja akkuparistoja. Paristojen pitkästä historiasta johtuen nykyisten standardien rinnalla käytetään yhä viljalti vanhojen standardien mukaisia nimiä ja valmistajien tuotenimiä. Jotkin vanhat myyntinimet on listattu myös nykyisiin kansainvälisiin standardeihin rinnakkaisnimityksinä niiden laajasta käytöstä johtuen. Standardointiorganisaatioista muun muassa IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) ja ANSI (American National Standards Institute) julkaisevat ja ylläpitävät erilaisia paristojen kokoihin ja tyyppeihin keskittyviä teknillisiä standardeja.
Standardisointi
Nykyisin käytössä oleva IEC-standardi kantaa numeroa 60086. Se kuvaa kertakäyttöisiä (ei-ladattavia) paristoja. ANSI:n vastaava standardisarja on C18, ja sen on kehittänyt Yhdysvaltain kansallinen sähkölaitteiden valmistajien yhdistys NEMA (National Electrical Manufacturers Association). Molemmissa standardeissa kuvataan useassa osassa pääpiirteitä, fyysisiä ominaisuuksia ja sähköturvallisuutta, mutta täysin yhteneviä IEC-60086 ja ANSI C18 eivät ole. Niiden sisältöjen yhdenmukaistaminen on kuitenkin käynnistetty.
Myös valmistajilla on käytössä omia nimistöjään, joten korvaavaa paristoa etsiessä ovat eri valmistajien väliset yhteensopivuustaulukot toisinaan hyvinkin korvaamattomia. [1] Laitevalmistajat viittaavat toisinaan paristoihin nimenomaan jonkin paristovalmistajan käyttämällä nimellä, toivoen näin ohjaavansa käyttäjän ostamaan tämän tietyn paristovalmistajan pariston.
Yleiset kuluttajaparistot
Sauvaparistot
- Pääartikkeli: Sauvaparisto
Kaikki tähän taulukoidut paristot ovat yhden sähköparin paristoja, joiden korkeus on halkaisijaa suurempi. Sinkki-hiili- ja alkaliparistot tuottavat noin 1,5 voltin jännitteen. Muun tyyppiset sauvaparistot tuottavat pienempää ja suurempaa jännitettä näihin verrattuna, alkaen nikkeli-kadmium-akkuparistojen 1,2 voltista päättyen litium-mangaani-sähköparien noin kolmeen volttiin. Sauvapariston anodi on kohollaan oleva nupikka ja sen katodi on tasainen.
Yleisin nimi / kuva |
Muita nimiä |
IEC- nimi |
ANSI/NEDA- nimi |
Tyypillinen kapasiteetti (mAh) |
Mitat (mm) halk. × kork. |
Kommentti |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AAA-paristo |
U16 ja HP16 Micro Microlight MN2400 MX2400 Type 286 (Venäjällä) UM 4 (JIS)[2] #7 (Kiinassa) 6135-99-117-3143 (NSN)[3] |
LR03 (alkali) R03 (hiili-sinkki) FR03 (Li–FeS2) HR03 (NiMH) KR03 (NiCd) ZR03 (NiOOH) |
24A (alkali) 24D (hiili-sinkki) 24LF (Li–FeS2) |
1200 (alkali) 540 (hiili-sinkki) 800–1000 (NiMH) |
10,5 × 44,5 | Esitelty 1911, lisättiin ANSI-standardiin 1959. |
AA-paristo |
D14 ja HP7 (Iso-Britanniassa 1980-luvulle asti) Mignon MN1500 MX1500 Type 316 (Venäjällä) UM 3 (JIS) #5 (Kiina) 6135-99-052-0009 (NSN)(hiili-sinkki) 6135-99-195-6708 (NSN)(alkali)[3] |
LR6 (alkali) R6 (hiili-sinkki) FR6 (Li–FeS2) HR6 (NiMH) KR6 (NiCd) ZR6 (NiOOH) |
15A (alkali) 15D (hiili-sinkki) 15LF (Li–FeS2) 1.2H2 (NiMH) 1.2K2 (NiCd) |
2700 (alkali) 1100 (hiili-sinkki) 3000 (Li–FeS2) 1700–2900 (NiMH) 600–1000 (NiCd) |
14,5 × 50.5 | Esitelty 1907, lisättiin ANSI-standardiin 1947. |
C |
U11 ja HP11 (Iso-Britanniassa 1980-luvulle asti) MN1400 MX1400 Type 343 (Venäjällä) UM 2 (JIS) #2 (Kiina) 6135-99-199-4779 (NSN)(hiili-sinkki) 6135-99-117-3212 (NSN)(alkali)[3] |
LR14 (alkali) R14 (hiili-sinkki) HR14 (NiMH) KR14 (NiCd) ZR14 (NiOOH) |
14A (alkali) 14D (hiili-sinkki) |
8000 (alkali) 3800 (hiili-sinkki) 4500–6000 (NiMH) |
26,2 × 50 | C-pariston voi joissain tapauksissa korvata AA-paristolla, jonka päälle laitetaan muovinen holkki. |
D |
U2 ja HP2 (Iso-Britanniassa 1980-luvulle asti) Taskulamppuparisto MN1300 MX1300 Mono Goliath Type 373 (Venäjällä) UM 1 (JIS) #1 (Kiina) 6135-99-464-1938 (NSN)(hiili-sinkki) 6135-99-109-9428 (NSN)(alkali)[3] |
LR20 (alkali) R20 (hiili-sinkki) HR20 (NiMH) KR20 (Ni-Cd) ZR20 (NiOOH) |
13A (alkali) 13D (hiili-sinkki) |
12000 (alkali) 8000 (hiili-sinkki) 2200–12000 (NiMH) |
34,2 × 61,5 | Esitelty 1898 ensimmäisenä taskulamppuihin tarkoitettuna paristona. |
Ei-pyöreät paristot
Mittasarakkeessa K tarkoittaa korkeutta, P pituutta ja L leveyttä.
Yleisin nimi / kuva | Muita nimiä | IEC-nimi | ANSI/NEDA-nimi | Tyypillinen kapasiteetti (mAh) |
Nimellisjännite (V) | Terminaalit | Mitat (mm) |
Kommentti |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
4,5-volttinen |
Pocketable battery 1203 4.5 V Type 3336 (Venäjällä) 6135-99-738-4038 (NSN)[3] |
3LR12 (alkali) 3R12 (hiili-sinkki) |
MN1203 (mangaani) | 6100 (alkali) 1200 (hiili-sinkki) |
Alkali, hiili-sinkki (3 kennoa): 4,5 |
Kaksi 6–7 mm leveää metallinauhaa (+) : Lyhyt (−) : Pidempi nauha |
K: 67 P: 62 L: 22 |
Tämä paristotyyppi on yleinen lähinnä Euroopassa ja Venäjällä. |
9-volttinen |
PP3 Neppariparisto MN1604 Square battery Krona (Venäjällä) Transistor 6135-99-634-8080 (NSN)[3] |
6LR61 (alkali) 6F22 (hiili-sinkki) 6KR61 (NiCd) 6HR61 (NiMH) |
1604A (alkali) 1604D (hiili-sinkki) 1604LC (litium) 7.2H5 (NiMH) 11604 (NiCd) 1604M (elohopea, ei käytössä)[4] |
565 (alkali) 400 (hiili-sinkki) 1200 (litium) 175–300 (NiMH) 120 (NiCd) 500 (lithium polymer rechargeable) 580 (mercury, obsolete) |
Alkali, hiili-sinkki (6 kennoa): 9 Litium (3 kennoa): 9 NiMH / NiCd (6, 7 tai 8 kennoa): 7,2, 8,4 or 9,6 |
Molemmat samassa päädyssä (+) : urosliitin (−) : naarasliitin |
K: 48,5 P: 26,5 L: 17,5 |
Lisättiin ANSI-standardiin 1959. Suomessa "neppariparisto" on yleinen mm. kaukosäätimissä, matkaradioissa ja palohälyttimissä. |
Lantern (Spring) |
Lantern 6 volt Spring Top MN908 (UK) 996 or PJ996 Energizer 529 6135-99-910-1145 (NSN)[3] |
4LR25Y (alkaline) 4R25 (hiili-sinkki) |
908A (alkaline) 908D (hiili-sinkki) |
26,000 (alkali) 10,500 (hiili-sinkki) |
Alkali, hiili-sinkki (4 cells): 6 |
Springs Top (+) : corner spring (−) : center spring |
H: 115 L: 68.2 W: 68.2 |
Spring terminals |
Less common batteries
These types are not as likely to be found in consumer applications and may be specialized for photographic, instrumentation or other purposes. Some cell sizes are used only as elements of multi-cell batteries.
Round single-cell
These are all single-cell round batteries with a height greater than their diameter. In carbon-zinc or alkaline types they produce around 1.5 volts per cell when fresh. Other types produce other voltages per cell (as low as 1.2 volts for rechargeable nickel-cadmium, up to around 3 volts for lithium/manganese dioxide). The cylindrical form has a positive nub terminal at the cap of the cell, and the negative terminal at the bottom of the can; the side of the can is not used as a terminal when these cells are sold as individual units for consumer use.
Image | Most common name |
Other common names |
IEC name |
ANSI/NEDA name |
Typical capacity (mAh) |
Dimensions dia. × h. (mm) |
Kommentare |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1/2AA | SAFT LS14250 Tadiran TL5101 UL142502P |
CR14250 (Li‑MnO2) 3V ER14250 (Li‑SOCl2) 3.6V |
850–1200 | 14.5 × 24 | Same diameter as AA battery, used in small electronics, including pulse oximeters, as well as use in some computer models (such as most pre-Intel Macintosh models and some older IBM PC compatibles) as the CMOS battery. Also used in US military MILES gear. | ||
AAAA | MX2500 Mini UM 6 (JIS) |
LR8D425 (alkaline) |
25A (alkaline) | 625 (alkaline) | 8.3 × 42.5 | Sometimes used in 'pen flashlights', calculators, fishing lures, or electronic glucose meters. | |
A | R23 (carbon‑zinc) LR23 (alkaline) |
17 × 50 | More common as a NiCd or NiMH cell size than a primary size, popular in older laptop batteries and hobby battery packs. Various fractional sizes are also available e.g. 2/3A and 4/5 A. | ||||
B | U10 (UK, pre‑1980s) 336 (Russian Federation) |
R12 (carbon‑zinc) LR12 (alkaline) |
8350 (alkaline) | 21.5 × 60 | Most commonly found within a European 4.5 volt lantern battery. Not to be confused with the vacuum tube B battery. | ||
F | R25 (carbon‑zinc) LR25 (alkaline) |
60 | 10500 (carbon‑zinc) 26000 (alkaline) |
33 × 91 | Four "F" Cells are often found within 6 volt rectangular lantern batteries. | ||
N | Lady MN9100 UM-5 (JIS) E90 6135-99-661-4958 (NSN)[3] |
LR1 (alkaline) R1 (carbon‑zinc) HR1 (NiMH) KR1 (NiCd) |
910A (alkaline) 910D (carbon‑zinc) |
800–1000 (alkaline) 400 (carbon‑zinc) 350–500 (NiMH) |
12 × 30.2 | Rechargeable nickel–cadmium and nickel–metal hydride are far less common than other rechargeable sizes.[6] Mercury batteries of the same dimensions are no longer manufactured. | |
No. 6 | Ignition Cell, 6135-99-114-3446 (NSN)[3] FLAG (in UK) |
R40 | 905 | 35000–40000 (carbon‑zinc) |
67 × 172 | Typical modern uses include school science experiments, and starting glow plug model engines. Formerly used for alarms, bell ringing, ignition systems, telephones,[1] and (in pairs) in WWII US Navy battle lanterns. Terminals are screw posts with a maximum diameter of 4.2 mm. + centre, - edge. | |
Sub-C | Type 323 (Soviet Union/Russian Federation) |
KR22C429 (NiCd) HR22C429 (NiMH) |
1200–2400 (NiCd) 1800–5000 (NiMH) |
22.2 × 42.9 | A common size for cordless tool battery packs. This size is also used in radio-controlled scale vehicle battery packs. 1/2-, 4/5- and 5/4-sub-C sizes (differing in length) are also available. |
Round multiple cell
Image | Most common name |
Other common names |
IEC name |
ANSI/NEDA name |
Typical capacity (mAh) |
Nominal voltage (V) | Dimensions dia. × h. (mm) |
Kommentare |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A23 | V23GA 23A 23AE MN21 L1028 8LR23 LRV08 |
8LR932 (alkaline) | 1811A (alkaline) | 55 (alkaline) | 12 | 10.3 × 28.5 | Used in small RF devices such as key fob-style garage door openers and keyless entry systems where only infrequent pulse current is used. Often enclosed like a normal battery but sometimes simply a stack of eight LR932 button cells shrink wrapped together. | |
A27 | GP27A MN27 L828 27A |
8LR732 (alkaline) | 22 (alkaline) | 12 | 8 × 28 | Used in small RF devices such as car alarm remote controls. Can also be found in some cigarette lighters. | ||
Duplex | Ever Ready No. 8 | 2R10 | 3 | 21.8 × 74.6 | Internally contains two 1.5 V cells hence the nickname 'Duplex' In Switzerland Malline:As of, 2R10 batteries accounted for 0.003% of primary battery sales.[7] | |||
4SR44 | PX28A A544 K28A V34PX |
4LR44 (alkaline) | 110–150 (lithium) 170‑200 (silver‑oxide) |
6.2 (lithium) 6.5 (silver‑oxide) |
13 × 25.2 | Used in film cameras, blood glucose meters, medical instruments, dog training devices. | ||
523 | PX21 | 3LR50 | 1306A | 580 (alkaline) | 4.5 | 17.1 × 49.9 | Used in cameras and Apple Macintosh computers (such as the 128K through 512K and similar). | |
531 | PX19 | 3LR50 | 1307AP | 580 (alkaline) | 4.5 | 17.1 × 58.3 | A 523 with snap connectors attached to either end. Used in some older cameras, notably the Polaroid Automatic Land Camera packfilm models. |
Non-round multiple cell
Image | Most common name |
Other common names |
IEC name |
ANSI/NEDA name |
Typical capacity (mAh) |
Nominal voltage (V) | Terminal layout | Dimensions (mm) | Kommentare |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
GB Battery | A B C Batteries | 4.5 to 45 V | Threaded posts | H: L: W: |
Used in vintage vacuum tube equipment | ||||
15-volt | Eveready 504 | 10F15 (Zn/MnO2) | 220 | 65 | 15 V (10 cells) | Flat round (one each end) | H: 34.9 L: 15.1 W: 15.9 |
Used in older instruments[8] | |
22½-volt | Eveready 412 | 15F20 (Zn/MnO2) | 215 | 140 | 22.5 V (15 cells) | Flat round (one each end) | H: 50 L: 25 W: 15 |
Used in older instruments[9] | |
30-volt | Eveready 413 | 20F20 (Zn/MnO2) | 210 | 140 | 30 V (20 cells) | Flat round (one each end) | H: 64 L: 25 W: 15 |
Used in older instruments[10] | |
45-volt | Eveready 415 | 30F20 (Zn/MnO2) | 213 | 140 | 45 V (30 cells) | Both on same end | H: 91 L: 26 W: 15 |
Used in older instruments[11] | |
67½-volt | Eveready 416 | 217 | 140 | 67.5 V (45 cells) | Both on same end | H: 88 L: 33 W: 25 |
Used in older instruments[12] | ||
J | 7K67 | 4LR61 (alkaline) | 1412A (alkaline) | 625 (alkaline) | 6 | 6.5 mm² flat contacts, − Top side, + Chamfered corner |
H 48.5 L 35.6 W 9.18 |
Typically used in applications where the device in question needs to be flat, or where one should not be able to insert the battery in reverse polarity, such as a blood glucose meter or blood pressure cuff. Also good for elderly persons, due to its large size. Often contains 4 LR61 cells which are similar to and often interchangeable with AAAA cells. | |
Lantern (Screw) | Lantern 6 volt Screw Top 6135-99-645-6443 (NSN)[3] |
4R25X (carbon‑zinc) 4LR25X (alkaline) |
915 (carbon‑zinc) 915A (alkaline) |
10,500 (carbon‑zinc) 26,000 (alkaline) |
6 | Screw posts on top of battery. + Corner, − Center. Maximum diameter of the posts is 3.5 mm. |
H 109.5 L 66.7 W 66.7 |
Used in locations susceptible to high vibration/shock where connectors may be knocked off the terminals. | |
Lantern (Big) | 918 R25-2 Big Lantern Double Lantern MN918 Energizer 521 |
4R25-2 (carbon‑zinc) 4LR25-2 (alkaline) |
918A | 22,000 (carbon‑zinc) 52,000 (alkaline) |
6 | Screw posts on top of battery. Marked only, no physical keying for polarity. Maximum diameter of the posts is 4.2 mm. |
H 125.4 L 132.5 W 73 |
Used in locations susceptible to high vibration/shock where connectors may be knocked off the terminals. | |
Lantern (Spring) | See Lantern (Spring), above |
PP series
The PP (Power Pack) series was manufactured by Ever Ready in the UK (Eveready in the US). The series comprised multi-cell carbon-zinc batteries used for portable electronic devices. Most sizes are uncommon today, however the PP3 size (and to a lesser extent PP9, which is used in marine applications) is readily available. [13][14] All types were rectangular, except the cylindrical PP4, and most had snap terminals as seen on the common PP3 type.
Image | PP series | Other common names |
Typical capacity (mAh) |
Nominal voltage (V) | Dimensions (mm) | Kommentare |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PP1 | 6 | H 55.6 L 65.5 W 55.6 |
This battery had 2 snap connectors spaced 35.0 mm apart. | |||
PP3 | See 9-volt, above | |||||
PP4 | 226 NEDA 1600 IEC 6F24 |
9 | H 50.0 Diameter: 25.5 |
|||
PP6 | 246 NEDA 1602 6135-99-628-2361 (NSN)[3] IEC 6F50-2 |
850 | 9 | H 70.0 L 36.0 W 34.5 |
Centre distance between terminals is max 12.95 mm with both offset 7 mm nominal from the wider battery edge. Mass is 120 g.[3] | |
PP7 | 266 NEDA 1605 6135-99-914-1778 (NSN)[3] IEC 6F90 |
2500 | 9 | H 63 L 46 W 46 |
Centre distance between terminals is max 19.2 mm. Mass is 200 g.[3] | |
PP8 | SG8 "Fencer" |
6 | H 200.8 L 65.1 W 51.6 |
This battery typically had 2 snap connectors, however 4 connector versions are available. They were spaced 35.0 mm apart. This type of battery is sometimes used in electric fencing applications. | ||
PP9 | 276 NEDA 1603 6135-99-945-6814 (NSN) [3] IEC 6F100 |
5000 | 9 | H 81.0 L 66.0 W 52.0 |
This battery had 2 snap connectors spaced 35.0 mm apart. | |
PP10 | 9 | H 226.0 L 66.0 W 66.0 |
This battery had 2 pin connectors. They were a single ⌀3.2 mm negative pin and a single ⌀4.0 mm positive pin spaced 13.0 mm apart. | |||
PP11 | 4.5 + 4.5 | H 91.3 L 65.1 W 52.4 |
This battery had 4 pin connectors. 9V was available by wiring in series. There were two ⌀3.2 mm negative pins spaced 9.5 mm apart and two ⌀4.0 mm positive pins spaced 14.3 mm apart. Negative and positive pins were spaced 18.1 mm apart. |
Camera batteries
Digital and film cameras often use specialized primary batteries to produce a compact product. Flashlights and portable electronic devices may also use these types.
Image | Most common name |
Other Common names |
IEC name |
ANSI/NEDA name |
Typical capacity (mAh) |
Nominal voltage (V) | Shape | Terminal layout | Dimensions | Kommentare |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CR123A | Camera Battery 2/3A 123 CR123 17345 16340 CR-123A 6135-99-851-1379 (NSN)[3] |
CR17345 (lithium) | 5018LC (lithium) | 1500 (lithium) 700 (Li–ion rechargeable) |
3 (lithium) 3.6 (Li-ion) |
Cylinder | + Nub cylinder end, − Flat opposite end |
H 34.5 mm Ø 17 mm |
A lithium primary battery, not interchangeable with zinc types. A rechargeable lithium-polymer version is available in the same size and is interchangeable in some uses. According to consumer packaging, replaces (BR)2/3A. In Switzerland Malline:As of, these batteries accounted for 16% of lithium camera battery sales.[7] Used in compact higher priced flashlights. | |
CR2 | 15270 (Li-Ion Rechargeable) 6135-99-606-3982 (NSN)[3] |
CR17355 | 5046LC | 750 (lithium) | 3 (lithium) 3.6 (Li-ion) |
Cylinder | + Nub cylinder end, − Flat opposite end |
H 27 mm Ø 15.6 mm |
Standard Discharge Current: 10 mA A common battery type in cameras and photographic equipment. In Switzerland Malline:As of, these batteries accounted for 6% of lithium camera battery sales.[7] | |
2CR5 | EL2CR5 DL245 RL2CR5 6135-99-577-2940 (NSN)[3] |
2CR5 | 5032LC[15] | 1500 | 6 | Double cylinder. Keyed. |
Both on one end. Terminal centre spacing 16 mm. |
H 45 mm L 34 mm W 17mm |
Commonly used in film and digital cameras. Shaped so that it can be inserted into a battery compartment only one way. In Switzerland Malline:As of, these batteries accounted for 1% of lithium camera battery sales.[7] | |
CR-P2 | BR-P2 223A CR17-33 5024LC |
CR-P2 | 5024LC[16] | 1500 | 6 | Double cylinder. Keyed. | Both on one end. Terminal diameter: 8.7 mm. Terminal centre spacing: 16.8 mm. |
H 36 mm L 35 mm W 19.5 mm |
Shaped so that it can be inserted into a battery compartment only one way. Typical mass 37 g. They contain two 3V batteries exchangeable with CR123 batteries. | |
CR-V3 | CRV3 RCR-V3 (Li-ion) |
5047LC 5047LF (primary)[17] |
3000 (lithium) 1300 (Li-ion) |
3 (lithium) 3.6 (Li-ion) |
Double cylinder flat pack. Keyed. |
Both on one end | H 52.20 mm L 28.05 mm W 14.15 mm |
The same size as two R6 (AA) cells side by side. A rechargeable type is also made in this size. May be used in some devices not explicitly designed for CR-V3, especially digital cameras. |
Button cells - coin, watch, micro, miniature
Lithium cells
Coin-shaped cells are thin compared to their diameter. The metal can is the positive terminal, and the cap is the negative terminal.
The IEC prefix "CR" denotes lithium manganese dioxide chemistry. Since LiMnO2 cells produce 3 volts there are no widely available alternative chemistries for a lithium coin battery. The "BR" prefix indicates a round lithium/carbon monofluoride cell. See lithium battery for discussion of the different performance characteristics. One LiMnO2 cell can replace two alkaline or silver-oxide cells.
IEC designation numbers indicate the physical dimensions of the cylindrical cell. Cells less than one centimeter in height are assigned 4-digit numbers, where the first 2 digits are the diameter in millimeters, while the last 2 digits are the height in tenths of millimeters. Taller cells are assigned 5-digit numbers, where the first 2 digits are the diameter in millimeters, followed by the last 3 digits indicating the height in tenths of millimeters.
All these lithium cells are rated nominally 3 volts (on-load), with open circuit voltage about 3.6 volts. Manufacturers may have their own part numbers for IEC standard size cells. The capacity listed is for a constant resistance discharge down to 2.0 volts per cell.[18]
IEC 60086 designation |
ANSI C18 /NEDA designation |
Typical capacity (mAh) |
Standard discharge current (mA) |
Dimensions d. × h. (mm) |
Kommentare |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CR927 | 30 | 9.5 × 2.7 | Used extensively in blinkies. | ||
CR1025 | 5033LC | 30 | 0.1 | 10 × 2.5 | |
CR1216 | 5034LC | 25 | 0.1 | 12.5 × 1.6 | Used in some lighted watches such as Timex Indiglo and some LED decorator lights (electronic Tea candles). |
CR1220 | 5012LC | 35–40 | 0.1 (CR) 0.03 (BR) |
12.5 × 2.0 | |
CR1225 | 5020LC | 50 | 0.2 | 12.5 × 2.5 | Maximum discharge current: 1 mA. Maximum pulse discharge current: 5 mA. |
CR1616 | 50–55 | 0.1 | 16 × 1.6 | ||
CR1620 | 5009LC | 75–78 | 0.1 | 16 × 2.0 | |
CR1632 | 140 120 (BR) |
0.1 (CR) 0.03 (BR) |
16 × 3.2 | ||
CR2012 | 55 | 0.1 | 20 × 1.2 | ||
CR2016 | 5000LC | 90 | 0.1 (CR) 0.03 (BR) |
20 × 1.6 | Often used in pairs instead of CR2032 for devices that require more than 3 V, like blue/white LED flashlights. |
CR2025 | 5003LC | 160–165 | 0.2 | 20 × 2.5 | |
CR2032 | 5004LC | 225 (CR) 190 (BR) |
0.2 (CR) 0.03 (BR) |
20 × 3.2 | Maximum discharge current: 3 mA. Maximum pulse discharge current: 15 mA. |
CR2320 | 110–175 [19] | 23 × 2 | 3V | ||
CR2325 | 165–210 | 23 × 2.5 | The most common battery size in Soviet/Russian electronic watches, calculators and remote controls. | ||
CR2330 | 265 255 (BR) |
0.2 (CR) 0.03 (BR) |
23 × 3.0 | ||
CR2354 | 560 | 0.2 | 23 × 5.4 | ||
CR2430 | 5011LC | 270–290 | 24.5 × 3.0 | ||
CR2450 | 5029LC | 610–620 | 24.5 × 5.0 | Portable devices requiring high current (3.0 mA) and long shelf life (up to 10 years) | |
CR2477 | 1000 | 0.2 | 24.5 × 7.7 | ||
CR3032 | 500–560 500 (BR) |
0.1 (CR) 0.03 (BR) |
30.0 × 3.2 | ||
CR11108 | 160 | 11.6 × 10.8 | Also called CR1/3N because it is one third the height of an alkaline N cell, and a stack of three of them will form a battery with the same dimensions as an N cell, but with 9V terminal voltage. Such 9V batteries in a single package do exist but are rare and only usually found in specialist applications; they can be referred to as 3CR1/3N. However 2CR1/3N, a 6V battery consisting internally of a stack of two CR1/3N is sold by Duracell, Energizer and others.
A CR1/3N was also used by photographers instead of 2 LR44 batteries, in cameras such as the Nikon EM or FE2. |
Silver oxide and alkaline cells
SR/LR/SG/AG Button Cells: IEC SR series batteries use silver oxide chemistry and provide 1.55 volts, while IEC LR series batteries use alkaline chemistry and provide 1.5 volts. Similarly, SG prefix batteries are the silver oxide chemistry version of the alkaline AG prefix. Since there are no 'common' names beyond the AG designation, many vendors use these four designations interchangeably for the same sized cell, and they will all fit and work.
The functional difference is that silver oxide chemistry typically has 50% greater capacity than alkaline chemistry, and usually a flat discharge characteristic (constant voltage), while the voltage of an alkaline battery steadily decreases with use. The capacity of a silver battery may be as much as twice that of an alkaline. For devices which require a steady voltage such as photographic light meters and those which fail to operate below a certain voltage—some digital callipers do not work below 1.38V— a silver cell with flat discharge characteristic is preferable.
Alkaline batteries are usually cheaper than silver oxide equivalents. Inexpensive devices are sometimes supplied fitted with alkaline batteries, although they would benefit from the use of silver oxide batteries. Exhausted silver oxide cells are often recycled to recover their precious metal content, whereas depleted alkaline cells are discarded with household trash or recycled, depending on the local practices.
Round button cells have heights less than their diameter. The metal can is the positive terminal, and the cap is the negative terminal.
Button cells are commonly used in electric watches, clocks, and timers. IEC batteries that meet the international IEC 60086-3 standard for watch batteries[20] carry a "W" suffix. Other uses include calculators, laser pointers, toys, LED "blinkies", and novelties.
IEC designation numbers indicate the physical dimensions of the cylindrical cell. Cells less than one centimeter in height are assigned 4-digit numbers, where the first 2 digits are the diameter in millimeters, while the last 2 digits are the height in tenths of millimeters. Taller cells are assigned 5-digit numbers, where the first 2 digits are the diameter in millimeters, followed by the last 3 digits indicating the height in tenths of millimeters.
Sizes are shown for the silver-oxide IEC number; types and capacity are identified as (L) for alkaline and (S) for silver-oxide. In some cases, sizes which originally were distinct are now considered interchangeable. For example, the 189/389 cell is 3.1 mm high and was designated 1131, while the 190/390 size is 3.0 mm high and was designated 1130, but these sizes are now considered equivalent.
Most common name |
Other common names |
IEC name |
ANSI/NEDA name |
Typical capacity (mAh) |
Dimensions (mm) dia. × h. |
Comments (L) = alkaline (S) = silver-oxide |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SR41 | AG3/SG3/G3-A LR41 192/384/392 6135-99-949-0402 (NSN)(S)[3] |
LR736 (L) SR736 (S) |
1135SO (S) 1134SO (S) |
Malline:Ntsh 25–32 (L) 38–45 (S) |
Malline:Ntsh 7.9 × 3.6 | |
SR43 | AG12/SG12 LR43 L1142 186/301/386 6135-99-547-0573 (NSN)(S)[3] VINNIC |
LR1142 (L) SR1142 (S) |
1133SO (S) 1132SO (S) |
Malline:Ntsh 80 (L) 120–125 (S) |
Malline:Ntsh 11.6 × 4.2 | |
SR44 | AG13/SG13 LR44/LR154 6135-99-792-8475 (NSN)(alkaline) 6135-99-651-3240 (NSN)(S)[3] A76/S76/EPX76 157/303/357 1128MP, 208-904, A-76, A613, AG14, AG-14, CA18, CA19, CR44, D76A, G13A, G13-A, GDA76, GP76A, GPA7, GPA75, GPA76, GPS76A, KA, KA76, L1154, L1154C, L1154F, L1154G, L1154H, LR44G, LR44GD, LR44H, MS76H, PX76A, PX675A, RPX675, RW82, SB-F9, V13G, 357A |
LR1154 (L) SR1154 (S) |
1166A (L) 1107SO (S) 1131SOP (S) |
Malline:Ntsh 110–150 (L) 170–200 (S) |
Malline:Ntsh 11.6 × 5.4 | Typical internal resistance: 8 ohms |
SR45 | AG9/SG9 LR45 194/394 6135-99-782-4675 (NSN)(S)[3] |
LR936 (L) SR936 (S) |
Malline:Ntsh 48 (L) 55–70 (S) |
Malline:Ntsh 9.5 × 3.6 | ||
SR48 | AG5/SG5 LR48 193/309/393 |
LR754 (L) SR754 (S) |
1136SO (S) 1137SO (S) |
Malline:Ntsh 52 (L) 70 (S) |
Malline:Ntsh 7.9 × 5.4 | |
SR54 | AG10/SG10 LR54 189/387/389/390 LR1130/SR1130 6135-99-796-0471 (NSN)(S)[3] |
LR1131 (L) SR1131 (S) |
1138SO (S) | Malline:Ntsh 44–68 (L) 80–86 (S) |
Malline:Ntsh 11.6 × 3.1 | |
SR55 | AG8/SG8 LR55 191/381/391 LR1120/SR1120 |
LR1121 (L) SR1121 (S) |
1160SO (S) | Malline:Ntsh 40–42 (L) 55–67 (S) |
Malline:Ntsh 11.6 × 2.1 | |
365,366,S16,608 | SR1116SW | Malline:Ntsh 28-40[21] | Malline:Ntsh 11.6 × 1.65 | 1.55V | ||
SR57 | AG7/SG7 LR57 195/395/399 LR927/SR927 SR927W/GR927 6135-99-796-0471 (NSN)(S)[3] |
LR926 (L) SR926 (S) |
1165SO (S) | Malline:Ntsh 46 (L) 55–67 (S) |
Malline:Ntsh 9.5 × 2.6 | |
SR58 | AG11/SG11 LR58 162/361/362 |
LR721 (L) SR721 (S) |
1158SO (S) | Malline:Ntsh 18–25 (L) 33–36 (S) |
Malline:Ntsh 7.9 × 2.1 | |
SR59 | AG2/SG2 LR59 196/396/397 |
LR726 (L) SR726 (S) |
1163SO (S) | Malline:Ntsh 26 (L) 30 (S) |
Malline:Ntsh 7.9 × 2.6 | |
SR60 | AG1/SG1 LR60 164/364 |
LR621 (L) SR621 (S) |
1175SO (S) | Malline:Ntsh 13 (L) 20 (S) |
Malline:Ntsh 6.8 × 2.1 | |
SR63 | AG0/SG0 LR63 379 |
LR521 (L) SR521 (S) |
Malline:Ntsh 10 (L) 18 (S) |
Malline:Ntsh 5.8 × 2.1 | ||
SR64 | LR64 319 |
LR527 (L) SR527 (S) |
Malline:Ntsh 12 (L) 20 (S) |
Malline:Ntsh 5.8 × 2.7 | ||
SR65 | SR616SW | LR65 Varta V321 |
Malline:Ntsh 6.8 × 1.65 | |||
SR66 | AG4/SG4 LR66 177/376/377 SR626SW |
LR626 (L) SR626 (S) |
1176SO (S) | Malline:Ntsh 12–18 (L) 26 (S) |
Malline:Ntsh 6.8 × 2.6 | |
SR67 | 315 | SR716 (S) | Malline:Ntsh 21 (S) | Malline:Ntsh 7.9 × 1.65 | ||
SR68 | SR916SW 373 |
LR916 (L) SR916 (S) |
Malline:Ntsh 26 (S) | Malline:Ntsh 9.5 × 1.6 | ||
SR69 | AG6/SG6 LR69 171/371 LR920/SR920 |
LR921 (L) SR921 (S) |
Malline:Ntsh 30 (L) 55 (S) |
Malline:Ntsh 9.5 × 2.1 | ||
SR516 | SR516SW 317 |
LR516 (L) SR516 (S) |
Malline:Ntsh 11 (S) | Malline:Ntsh 5.8 × 1.6 | ||
SR416 | SR416SW 337 |
LR416 (L) SR416 (S) |
Malline:Ntsh 8 (S) | Malline:Ntsh 4.8 × 1.6 | ||
SR731 | SR731SW 24 329 |
LR731 (L) SR731 (S) |
Malline:Ntsh 36 (S) | Malline:Ntsh 7.9 × 3.1 | ||
LR932 | LR932 (L) | Malline:Ntsh 40 (L) | Malline:Ntsh 9.3 × 3.2 | Rarely used independently. 8 of these in series used in A23 battery. |
Zinc air cells (hearing aid)
Miniature zinc-air batteries are button cells that use oxygen in air as a reactant and have very high capacity for their size. Each cell needs around 1 cubic centimetre of air per minute at a 10 mA discharge rate. These cells are commonly used in hearing aids. A sealing tab keeps air out of the cell in storage; a few weeks after breaking the seal the electrolyte will dry out and the battery becomes unusable, regardless of use. Nominal voltage on discharge is 1.2 volts.
Most common name |
Other common names |
IEC 60086 name |
ANSI/NEDA name |
Typical capacity (mAh) |
Dimensions (mm) dia. × h. |
Kommentare |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
5 | AC5 | PR63 | 7012ZD | 33 | 5.8 × 2.5 | Marked as "discontinued" in Energizer data sheet[22] |
10 | yellow tab | PR70 | 7005ZD | 91 | 5.8 × 3.6 | |
13 | orange tab | PR48 | 7000ZD | 280 | 7.9 × 5.4 | |
312 | brown tab 6135-99-752-3528 (NSN)[3] |
PR41 | 7002ZD | 160 | 7.9 × 3.6 | |
675 | blue tab | PR44 | 7003ZD | 600 | 11.6 × 5.4 | |
AC41E | PR43 | 7001Z | 390 | 11.6 × 4.2 | Discontinued |
Round lithium-ion rechargeable
Lithium-ion rechargeable batteries are generally not interchangeable with primary types using different chemistry, although certain sizes of lithium primary cells do have lithium-ion rechargeable equivalents. Most rechargeable cylindrical cells use a chemistry with a nominal voltage around 3.7 volts, but LiFePO4 cells produce only 3.2 volts.
Lithium-ion cells are made in various sizes, often assembled into packs for portable equipment. Many types are also available with an internal protection circuit to prevent over-discharge and short-circuit damage. This can increase their physical length; for example, an 18650 is around 65 mm (2,6 in) long, but may be around 68 mm (2,7 in) long with an internal protection circuit. Safe and economic recharging requires use of chargers specified for these cells. Popular applications include laptop battery packs, telephones, electronic cigarettes, flashlights and cordless power tools.
Commonly-used designation numbers indicate the physical dimensions of the cylindrical cell, in a way similar to the system used for lithium button primary cells. The larger rechargeable cells are typically assigned five-digit numbers, where the first two digits are the (approximate) diameter in millimeters, followed by the last three digits indicating the (approximate) height in tenths of millimeters.
Most common name | Other common names | IEC name | ANSI/NEDA name | Typical capacity (mAh) | Dimensions (max)
dia. × l. (mm) |
Kommentare |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
10180 | 90 | 10 × 18 | ||||
10280 | 200 | 10 × 28 | ||||
10440 | 340 | 10 × 44 | Same size as AAA cell. | |||
14250 | 300 | 14 × 25 | Same size as 1/2 AA cell. | |||
14500[23] | 700-800[24] | 14 × 50 | Same size as AA cell. | |||
14650 | 1600 | 14 × 65 | ||||
15270 | 450-600 | 15 × 27 | Substitute for CR2 primary lithium. 3V. | |||
16340 | 500-1000 | 16 × 34 | Alternate substitute for CR123A primary lithium.[25] Unprotected. (16 × 36, some protected versions[26]). | |||
RCR123A | 17340, R123, RCR123, 2/3A, Tenergy 30200[27] | 750 | 17 × 34.5 | Same size as, and substitute for, CR123 primary lithium for cameras and flashlights. Size 2/3A. Protected version. | ||
17500[28] | A | 1100 | 17.3 × 50 | The same size as an A cell, and 1.5 times the length of a CR123A. | ||
17670[29] | 1250 | 17 × 67 | 2 times the length of a standard CR123A. | |||
18350 | 700-1200 | 18 × 35 (nominal) | [25] | |||
18500[30] | 1400 | 18.3 × 49.8 | About the same size as an A cell, but larger diameter. | |||
18650[31] | 168A | 2200–3400 | 18.6 × 65.2 | This cell type is used in many laptop batteries, the Tesla Roadster, Tesla Model S, and LED flashlights.[25] | ||
19670 | Protected 18650[32] | 2200–3100 | 19 × 67 | Correct designation of protected 18650.[25] | ||
25500[33] | 2500–5000 | 24.3 × 49.2 | About the same size as a C cell. | |||
26650[34] | 3300 | 26.5 × 65.4 | ||||
32600[35] | 3000–6000 | 32 × 61.9 | About the same size as a D cell. |
See also
- Battery holder
- Nine-volt battery
- Battery (vacuum tube)
- Battery recycling
- List of battery types
- Battery nomenclature
References
- ↑ a b David Linden, Thomas B. Reddy (ed). Handbook of Batteries, 3rd edition, McGraw-Hill, New York, 2002 ISBN 0-07-135978-8 chapter 4
- ↑ Heinz Albert Kiehne, Battery technology handbook,CRC Press, 2003 ISBN 0-8247-4249-4, page 374
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y Defence Standards: 61 Series - Electrical Wire and Power
- ↑ http://data.energizer.com/PDFs/E146X.pdf
- ↑ http://www.mahaenergy.com/store/viewItem.asp?idProduct=273
- ↑ Rechargeable N Size Battery - Robot Room robotroom.com. Viitattu October 10, 2010.
- ↑ a b c d INOBAT 2008 statistics.
- ↑ [1]
- ↑ [2]
- ↑ [3]
- ↑ [4]
- ↑ [5]
- ↑ Thomas Roy Crompton Battery Reference Book 3rd edition , Newnes, 2000, ISBN 0-7506-4625-X, page 54-11
- ↑ http://the-thompson-brown-family.co.uk/batteries/batteriesframe.htm Batteries
- ↑ http://data.energizer.com/PDFs/2cr5.pdf
- ↑ http://data.energizer.com/PDFs/223.pdf
- ↑ http://data.energizer.com/PDFs/crv3.pdf
- ↑ http://www.batteriesplusmore.ca/electronics.php Battery table retrieved 2010 Jan 13
- ↑ 1 2 3
- ↑ IEC 60086-3 standard for watch batteries
- ↑ 12
- ↑ http://data.energizer.com/PDFs/ac5.pdf AC5 data sheet
- ↑ [6] Datasheet for GP1450L70, confirms all data here. Retrieved 8th July 2011
- ↑ [7] Panasonic UR14500P datasheet. Retrieved 3rd February 2012
- ↑ a b c d [8] What are the differences between RCR123, R16340 and R17345 batteries? Retrieved 2nd August 2011
- ↑ [9] 16340 Battery Warning!
- ↑ http://www.tenergybattery.com/index.php?option=com_virtuemart&page=shop.product_details&flypage=shop.flypage&category_id=21&product_id=390&Itemid=1 Data sheet retrieved 2010 Nov 24
- ↑ [10] Datasheet for GMB17500, confirms all data here. Retrieved 8th July 2011
- ↑ [11] Datasheet for Panasonic CGR17670HC, confirms all data here. Retrieved 8th July 2011
- ↑ [12] Datasheet for GPB18500, confirms all data here. Retrieved 8th July 2011
- ↑ [13] Datasheet for CGR18650DA, confirms all data here. Retrieved 27th July 2012
- ↑ [14] The Anatomy of a Protected Battery Retrieved 2nd August 2011
- ↑ [15] Datasheet for Saft VL25500-125, confirms all data here. Retrieved 8th July 2011
- ↑ [16] Datasheet for Panasonic CGR26650B. Retrieved 3rd February 2012
- ↑ [17] Datasheet for Saft VL32600-125, confirms all data here. Retrieved 8th July 2011
Further reading
- IEC 60086-1: Primary batteries - Part 1: General
- IEC 60086-2: Primary batteries - Part 2: Physical and electrical specifications
- IEC 60086-3: Primary batteries - Part 3: Watch batteries
- IEC 60086-4: Primary batteries - Part 4: Safety of lithium batteries
- ANSI C18.1, Part 1 Portable Primary Cells and Batteries With Aqueous Electrolyte - General and Specifications
- ANSI C18.1, Part 2 Portable Primary Cells and Batteries With Aqueous Electrolyte Safety Standard
- ANSI C18.2, Part 1 Portable Rechargeable Cells and Batteries - General and Specifications
- ANSI C18.2, Part 2 Portable Rechargeable Cells and Batteries Safety Standard
- ANSI C18.3, Part 1 Portable lithium Primary Cells and Batteries - General and Specifications
- ANSI C18.3, Part 2 Portable lithium Primary Cells and Batteries Safety Standard
- MOD Defence standard D/DSTAN/61/17
- MOD Defence standard D/DSTAN/61/21
External links
- A growing list of battery equivalents and details. Courtesy of the Highfields Amateur Radio Club (Cardiff, UK).
- Maxell Micro Battery Cross Reference
- Duracell Technical OEM Data Sheets
- Energizer/Eveready Data Sheets
- Energizer/Eveready European Data Sheets
- Energizer/Eveready Obsolete Battery Data Sheets
- Panasonic lithium Coin cells Specifications
- Panasonic Lithium-ion cells Specifications
- Brand Neutral Drawings Of Common Batteries Based On ANSI C18-2007
- EU Report on battery labelling
- Batteries CROSS-REFERENCE INDEX