ഫലകം:Harvard reference
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The Harvard reference template is a versatile template for citing books, periodicals, chapters in compilations, and web-sites. It follows the Harvard referencing style, and it has a special "linking functionality" that allows inline harvard citations to link to the reference via the Template:Harvard citation template. As the Harvard referencing style is an "surname-year" format, the only mandatory parameters are last (or surname) and year. You may include as many authors or editors as necessary (via the last1, editor-last3, etc. tags), although only three of each will display.
The template knows whether you are citing a book, periodical, or a chapter in a compilation. The citation will be formatted as a periodical if you include a periodical or journal parameter. The citation will be formatted as a chapter or compilation in a larger book if you use the chapter or contribution parameter. In all other cases, the citation will have a standard format appropriate for books, web pages, and anything with an author, a year, and optionally a title.
Citation of books
[തിരുത്തുക]{{Harvard reference | last= | first= | authorlink= | year= | date= | title= | place= | publisher= | edition= | volume= | id= | url= | access-date= }}
Parameters
[തിരുത്തുക]- last (required): The author's surname or last name. (This parameter may also be called surname, surname1, author, or author1).
- first (optional): The author's first or given name(s). In formal Harvard style references, this should include only the initials. (This parameter may also be called given).
- authorlink (optional): Title of a Wikipedia article about author. Article must already exist.
- year (required): Year of publication.
- date (optional): While the year) tag is mandatory, use of the date parameter will override how the date is displayed in the reference.
- title (optional): Title of the book.
- edition (optional): Number or name of the edition, if not the first; for example: edition=2nd.
- volume (optional): The volume number of a multi-volume book.
- place (optional): The city of publication. If more than one town/city is listed on the title page, give the first one or the location of the publisher's head office. If the city is not well-known, you may add a county, region, or state. States in the U.S. are denoted by a two-letter code; for example:
Place=Paris, TX
(no period at the end). Where the publisher is a university and the place or location is included in the name of the university, do not use this parameter. - publisher (optional): The name of the publisher. Omit terms such as Publishers, Co., Inc., Ltd., etc., but retain the words Books or Press.
- id (optional): Identifier such as ISBN 1-111-22222-9
- isbn (optional): Use this parameter if the book has an ISBN.
- url (optional): An url of an online location where the book can be found.
- access-date (optional): If an url is included, the date on which the url was last accessed.
Examples
[തിരുത്തുക]One author
[തിരുത്തുക]{{ Harvard reference | surname=Turner | given=O. | title=History of the Pioneer Settlement of Phelps and Gorham's Purchase, and Morris' Reserve | publisher=William Alling | place=[[Rochester, New York]] | year=1851 | url=http://olivercowdery.com/texts/1851Trn1.htm#turn1851 }}.
Result: Turner, O. (1851), written at Rochester, New York, History of the Pioneer Settlement of Phelps and Gorham's Purchase, and Morris' Reserve, William Alling, <http://olivercowdery.com/texts/1851Trn1.htm#turn1851>.
Three authors, a volume, and an edition
[തിരുത്തുക]{{Harvard reference | surname1=Lincoln | given1=A. | surname2=Washington | given2=G. | surname3=Adams | given3=J. | title=All the Presidents' Names | publisher=The Pentagon | place=Home Base, New York | volume=XII | edition=2nd | year=2007 }}.
Result: Lincoln, A.; G. Washington & J. Adams (2007), written at Home Base, New York, All the Presidents' Names, vol. XII (2nd ed.), The Pentagon.
Minimal reference
[തിരുത്തുക]{{Harvard reference | last=Jones | year=2006 }}.
Result: Jones (2006).
Citation of periodicals
[തിരുത്തുക]{{Harvard reference | last= | first= | authorlink= | year= | title= | periodical= | volume= | issue= | pages= | url= | access-date= }}
Parameters
[തിരുത്തുക]- last (required): The author's surname or last name. (This parameter may also be called surname, surname1, author, or author1).
- first (optional): The author's first or given name(s). In formal Harvard style references, this should include only the initials. (This parameter may also be called given).
- authorlink (optional): Title of a Wikipedia article about author. Article must already exist.
- year (required): Year of publication.
- date (optional): While the year) tag is mandatory, use of the date parameter will override how the date is displayed in the reference. If the periodical is a newspaper or a magazine with a particular date, this tag should always be used.
- title (optional): Title of the article.
- periodical (optional): Name of the journal or periodical. (This parameter may also be called journal, newspaper, or magazine).
- volume (optional): The volume number of the journal.
- issue (optional): The issue number of the journal. (This parameter may also be called number).
- pages (optional): The pages in the issue where the article may be found. (If the article is on only one page, use the parameter page instead).
- url (optional): An url of an online location where the article can be found.
- access-date (optional): The date on which the url was last accessed.
Journal article
[തിരുത്തുക]{{Harvard reference | last=Hill | first=Marvin S. | title=Joseph Smith and the 1826 Trial: New Evidence and New Difficulties | journal=BYU Studies | volume=12 | issue=2 | year=1976 | pages=1–8 | url=https://byustudies.byu.edu/shop/PDFSRC/12.2Hill.pdf }}.
Result: Hill, Marvin S. (1976), "Joseph Smith and the 1826 Trial: New Evidence and New Difficulties", BYU Studies 12 (2): 1–8, <https://byustudies.byu.edu/shop/PDFSRC/12.2Hill.pdf>.
Newspaper article
[തിരുത്തുക]{{Harvard reference | last=Smith | first=Joseph III | authorlink=Joseph Smith III | title=Last Testimony of Sister Emma | newspaper=The Saints' Herald | volume=26 | issue=19 | date=[[October 1]], [[1879]] | year=1879 | month=October | page=289 | url=http://www.sidneyrigdon.com/dbroadhu/IL/sain1872.htm#100179 }}.
Result: Smith, Joseph III (October 1, 1879), "Last Testimony of Sister Emma", The Saints' Herald 26 (19): 289, <http://www.sidneyrigdon.com/dbroadhu/IL/sain1872.htm#100179>.
Citation of chapers or contributions in a larger work
[തിരുത്തുക]{{Harvard reference | last= | first= | authorlink= | year= | chapter= | editor-last= | editor-first= | editorlink= | title= | edition= | place= | publisher= | publication-year= | volume= | pages= | id= | url= | access-date= }}
Parameters
[തിരുത്തുക]- surname (required): The author's surname or last name. (This parameter may also be called last).
- given (optional): The author's first or given name. In formal Harvard style references, this should include only the initials. (This parameter may also be called first).
- author (optional): While the surname (or last) tag is mandatory for referencing purposes, use of the Author parameter will override how the author's name is displayed in the reference.
- authorlink (optional): Title of a Wikipedia article about author. Article must already exist.
- year (required): Year of publication.
- date (optional): While the year) tag is mandatory, use of the date parameter will override how the date is displayed in the reference.
- chapter (required for chapters): Title of the contribution in the book. (This parameter may also be called Contribution).
- editor (optional): Name of the editor or editors.
- title (required for chapters): Title of the book.
- edition (optional): Number or name of the edition, if not the first; for example: Edition=2nd.
- place (optional): The city of publication. If more than one town/city is listed on the title page, give the first one or the location of the publisher's head office. If the city is not well-known, you may add a county, region, or state. States in the U.S. are denoted by a two-letter code; for example:
Place=Paris, TX
(no period at the end). Where the publisher is a university and the place or location is included in the name of the university, do not use this parameter. - publisher (optional): The name of the publisher. Omit terms such as Publishers, Co., Inc., Ltd., etc., but retain the words Books or Press.
- pages (optional): The pages in the book where the chapter or contribution may be found. (If the contribution is on only one page, use the parameter Page instead).
- id (optional): Identifier such as ISBN 1-111-22222-9
- isbn (optional): Use this parameter if the book has an ISBN.
- url (optional): An url of an online location where the book can be found.
- access-date (optional): The date on which the url was last accessed.
Work included in a compilation
[തിരുത്തുക]{{Harvard reference | last=Bidamon | first=Emma Smith | authorlink=Emma Hale Smith | chapter=Letter to Emma S. Pilgrim | date=[[March 27]] [[1876]] | year=1876 | editor-surname=Vogel | editor-first=Dan | title=Early Mormon Documents | volume=1 | publisher=Signature Books | publication-year=1996 | isbn=1-56085-072-8 }}.
Result: Bidamon, Emma Smith (March 27 1876), "Letter to Emma S. Pilgrim", in Vogel, Dan, Early Mormon Documents, vol. 1, Signature Books, 1996, ISBN 1-56085-072-8.
Untitled work quoted or included in a journal article
[തിരുത്തുക]{{Harvard reference | last=Knight | first=Joseph, Sr. | year=1833 | editor-last=Jessee | editor-first=Dean | title=Joseph Knight's Recollection of Early Mormon History | journal=BYU Studies | volume=17 | issue=1 | publication-year=1976 | page=35 | url=https://byustudies.byu.edu/shop/PDFSRC/17.1Jessee.pdf }}.
Result: Knight, Joseph, Sr. (1833), Jessee, Dean, ed., "Joseph Knight's Recollection of Early Mormon History", BYU Studies 17 (1): 35, 1976, <https://byustudies.byu.edu/shop/PDFSRC/17.1Jessee.pdf>.
Multiple authors and multiple editors
[തിരുത്തുക]{{Harvard reference | last1=Schmidt | first1=J. | last2=Piper | first2=P. | chapter=Letter to Home | date=[[March 27]] [[1996]] | year=2006 | editor1-last=Grimm | editor1-first=P. | editor2-last=Bob | editor2-first=T. | title=Jonesing for Jones | volume=12 | place=New York | publisher=Fred Books | publication-year=2006 | isbn=1-55555-555-5 }}.
Result: Schmidt, J. & P. Piper (March 27 1996), "Letter to Home", written at New York, in Grimm, P. & T. Bob, Bookskrieg Bliss, vol. 12, Aunt Jemima Books, 2006, ISBN 1-55555-555-5.
Citation examples
[തിരുത്തുക]These examples of citation within the text are based on related citation template Template:Harvard citation, which automatically creates a one-directional link to the first matching Harvard reference on the same page:
Markup in main text:
- {{Harvard citation|Turner|1851|pp=10-11}} (full cite format)
- {{Harv|Smith|1879|p=289}} (short format)
- {{Harv|Jones|2006|loc=section 5|Ref=none}} (non-linking)
- {{Harv|Lincoln|Washington|Adams|2007|pp=88-89}} (multi-author)
Results:
- (Turner 1851, പുറങ്ങൾ. 10–11)
- (Smith 1879, പുറം. 289)
- (Jones 2006, section 5)
- (Lincoln, Washington & Adams 2007, പുറങ്ങൾ. 88–89)
Notes
[തിരുത്തുക]- Because the Harvard referencing style is based on Surname and Year, these items are mandatory in both the citation and the reference.
- If there is only one author, the parameters Surname and Given may be replaced with Last and First, respectively.
- Template is generally compatible with Template:Cite book and Template:Cite journal.
See also
[തിരുത്തുക]- Wikipedia:Cite sources: Style guide
- Wikipedia:Template messages/Sources of articles/Generic citations: Related templates