Labyrinthulomycetes
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Taxonavigation
[edit]Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Diaphoretickes
Cladus: Tsar
Cladus: Sar
Infraregnum: Heterokonta
Phylum: Bigyra
Subphylum: Sagenista
Classis: Labyrinthulomycetes
Ordines: Labyrinthulales – Thraustochytriales – (Thraustochytrids)
Overview of genera:
Aplanochytrium –
Elina –
Japonochytrium –
Labyrinthomyxa –
Labyrinthorhiza –
Labyrinthula –
?Labyrinthuloides –
Oblongichytrium –
Phagomyxa –
Pseudoplasmodium –
Pyrrhosorus –
Schizochytrium –
Thraustochytrium –
Ulkenia
Name
[edit]Labyrinthulomycetes Haeckel, Nat. Schöpfungsgesch.: 334. 1868 ("Labyrinthuleae").
Synonyms
[edit]Circumscriptional synonyms
- Labyrinthulomycota Whittaker, 1969
- Labyrinthomorpha Page in Levine et al., 1980
- Labyrinthista Cavalier-Smith, 1986
- Slabyrinthulids Patterson, 1994
References
[edit]Primary references
[edit]- Haeckel, E. 1868. Natürliche Schöpfungsgeschichte. Gemeinverständliche wissenschaftliche Vorträge über die Entwikelungslehre im Allgemeinen und dijenige von Darwin, Goethe und Lamarck im Besonderen, über die Anwendung dersellben uf den Ursprung des Menschen und andere damit zusammenhängende Grundfragen der Naturwissenschaft. Berlin: Georg Reimer. xvi, 568 S. Google Books Reference page.
Additional references
[edit]- Bennett, R.M.; Honda, D.; Beakes, G.W.; Thines, M. (2017). Labyrinthulomycota. In: Archibald, J.M., Simpson, A.G.B., Slamovits, C. (Eds.). Handbook of the Protists. Springer, pp. 1-36. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-32669-6_25-1
- Labyrinthulomycetes in the World Register of Marine Species
Alternative classifications
[edit]Cienkowski (1867)
[edit]{{Cienkowski, 1867)
- Labyrinthuleen
Haeckel (1868a)
[edit]Haeckel, E. 1868. Natürliche Schöpfungsgeschichte. 1st ed. Reimer, Berlin, [1]. See Dayrat (2003), [2].
- "Polyphyletisher Stammbaum der Organismen" [p. 347]
- Plantae
- “Protista” [polyphyletic]
- Labyrinthuleae
- Myxomycetes
- Diatomeae
- Monera Neutra
- Protoplasta
- Rhizopoda
- Flagellata
- Animalia
- "Einstämmiger oder Monophyletisher Stammbaum der Organismen" [plate I, [3]]
- Pflanzenreich, Plantae
- Florideae
- Fucoideae
- Chloralgae + Muscinae + Filicinae + Gymnospermae + Angiospermae
- Lichenes
- Fungi
- Protistenreich, Protista
- Diatomea
- Labyrinthulae
- Myxomycetes
- Monera neutra + Rhizopoda
- Noctilucae
- Flagellata
- Protoplasta
- Thierreich, Animalia
- Coelenterata
- Scolecida
- Vermes (Scolecida + Colelminthes + Himatega) +Arthropoda + Vertebrata + Mollusca
- Pflanzenreich, Plantae
Haeckel (1868b)
[edit]Haeckel, E. 1868. Monographie der Moneren. Jenaische Zeitschrift für Medicin und Naturwissenschaft 4: 64–144, [4]. See p. 122, 129-134.
Translation: Monograph of Monera. Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science, 1869, IX: 27-42, 113-134, 219-232, 327-342.
- Protista
- Labyrinthulea (= Labyrinthulae) [p. 122]
Lankester (1877)
[edit]Lankester, E. R. 1877. Notes on the embryology and classification of the animal kingdom: Comprising a revision of speculations relative to the origin and significance of germ layers. Quartely Journal of Microscopical Science, 68:399-454, [5].
- Animalia
- Plastidozoa
- Protozoa
- Gymnomyxa
- Labyrinthulida (Labyrinthula, Chlamydomyxa) [p. 442]
- Gymnomyxa
- Protozoa
- Enterozoa
- Plastidozoa
Haeckel (1878)
[edit]Haeckel, E., 1878. Das Protistenreich. Eine Populäre Uebersicht über das Formengebiet der Niedersten Lebewesen. Ernst Günther's Verlag, Leipzig, 104 pp, [6].
- Protista
- Labyrinthuleae [p. 94]
- Labyrinthula vitellina
- Labyrinthula macrocystis
- Labyrinthuleae [p. 94]
Lankester (1885, 1891)
[edit]Lankester, E. R. (1885). Article "Protozoa". In: Encyclopaedia Britannica (9th ed.), 19: 830–866, [7].
Lankester, E. R. (1891). Article "Protozoa". In: Zoological Articles Contributed to the Encyclopaedia Britannica, [8].
- Protozoa
- Labyrinthulidea
Zopf (1892)
[edit]Zur Kenntniss der Labyrinthuleen, einer Familie der Mycetozoa. In: Beiträge zur Physiologie und Morphologie niederer Organismen. Heft 2 (1892), p. 36, Leipzig, [9].
- Mycetozoen
- Ordnung Sorophoren
- Unterordnung II: Labyrinthuleae Zopf
- Familie 1: Labyrinthuleen (Cienk.) Zopf
- Unterordnung II: Labyrinthuleae Zopf
- Ordnung Sorophoren
Delage & Hérouard (1896)
[edit]Traité de zoologie concrète, t. 1, p. 79, [10].
- Protozoa
- Rhizopodia
- Mycetozoariae
- Filoplasmodida vel Labyrinthulida
- Mycetozoariae
- Rhizopodia
Doflein (1901)
[edit]Die Protozoen als Parasiten und Krankheitserreger, 1st ed, [11].
- Protozoa
- Labyrinthulidae
Lister in Lankester (1909)
[edit]Lister, J. J. (1909). Appendix A (Chlamydomyxa & Labyrinthula). In: Lankester, E. R. A treatise on zoology, vol. 1 (1909), [12].
- Protozoa incertae sedis
- Labyrinthula
Copeland (1956)
[edit]The classification of lower organisms, [13].
- Kingdom Protoctista
- Phylum Protoplasta
- Family Labyrinthulida [Labyrinthulidae] Haeckel ex Doflein Protozoen 47 (1901)
- Phylum Protoplasta
Chadefaud & Emberger (1960)
[edit]Chadefaud, M. & Emberger, L. (éds.). Traité de botanique systématique. Masson et Cie., Paris.
- Tome I. Les végétaux non vasculaires (Cryptogamie), par M. Chadefaud, 1960, 1 vol. de 1016 pages, [14]
- Tome II. Les végétaux vasculaires, par L. Emberger, 1960, deux fascicules, 1540 pages, [15], [16]
- Monde vivant
- Protocaryotes (= Schizophytes)
- Eucaryotes
- Algues Eucaryotes (= Phycophytes)
- Chromophycophytes (= Chromophycées, ou Algues brunes et leurs alliées)
- Chrysophycées (lato sensu)
- Chrysophycinées (= Chrysophycées str. sensu, algues brun doré, ou algues brunes)
- Xanthophycinées (= Xanthophycées, Hétérokontes, ou algues vert jaune)
- Protozoaires chryso- et xanthoflagellés (incl. Labyrinthulides [= Filoplasmodidés]: Labyrinthorhiza et Labyrinthula)
- Silicophycinées (= Silicomonadines, ou Silicoflagellés)
- Craspédophycinées (= Craspédomonadines, ou Choanoflagellés)
- Bacillariophycinées (= Diatomées)
- Phéophycées
- Chrysophycées (lato sensu)
- Chromophycophytes (= Chromophycées, ou Algues brunes et leurs alliées)
- Algues Eucaryotes (= Phycophytes)
Levine & Corliss (1963)
[edit]Levine, N. D. & J. O. Corliss (1963). Two new subclasses of sarcodines, Labyrinthulia subcl. nov. and Proteomyxidia subcl. nov. (Abstr.). J. Protozool., 10 (Suppl.), 27.
Class Sarcodina
- Subclass Labyrinthulia
Honigberg et al. (1964)
[edit]A revised classification of the phylum Protozoa, [17].
- Phylum Protozoa
- Subphylum Sarcomastigophora
- Superclass Sarcodina
- Class Rhizopodea
- Subclass Labyrinthulia
- Order Labyrinthulida
- Subclass Labyrinthulia
- Class Rhizopodea
- Superclass Sarcodina
- Subphylum Sarcomastigophora
Olive (1975)
[edit]Olive, L. (1975). The mycetozoans. Academic Press, New York, [18].
- Kingdom Protista
- Phylum Gymnomyxa
- Subphylum Mycetozoa
- Subphylum Plasmodiophorina
- Subphylum Labyrinthulina
- Class Labyrinthulea
- Family Labyrinthulidae Haeckel (1868)
- Family Thraustochytriidae Sparrow (1943, 1960)
- Class Labyrinthulea
- Phylum Gymnomyxa
Page in Levine et al. (1980)
[edit]A newly revised classification of the Protozoa, [19].
- Subkingdom Protozoa
- Phylum Labyrinthomorpha
- Class Labyrinthulea
- Order Labyrinthulida (e.g., Labyrinthula, Thraustochytrium)
- Class Labyrinthulea
- Phylum Labyrinthomorpha
Corliss (1984)
[edit]The kingdom Protista and its 45 phyla, [20].
- Kingdom Protista
- Assemblage "Labyrinthomorphs"
- Phylum Labyrinthulea Cienkowski, 1867
- Phylum Thraustochytriacea Sparrow, 1943
- Assemblage "Labyrinthomorphs"
Cavalier-Smith (1986)
[edit]Cavalier-Smith, T. (1986). The kingdom Chromista, origin and systematics. In: Round, F.E. and Chapman, D.J. (eds.). Progress in Phycological Research. 4: 309–347, [21].
Kingdom Chromista
- Subkingdom Cryptophyta
- Phylum Cryptophyta
- Subkingdom Chromophyta
- Phylum Heterokonta
- Subphylum Ochrista
- Subphylum Pseudofungi (= Heterkontimycotina)
- Superclass Pythiista
- Class Oomycetes
- Class Hyphochytrea
- Superclass Labyrinthista
- Class Labyrinthulea L.S. Olive ex Caval.-Sm., (1986)
- Order Thraustochytriales
- Order Labyrinthulales
- Class Labyrinthulea L.S. Olive ex Caval.-Sm., (1986)
- Superclass Pythiista
- Phylum Haptophyta
- Phylum Heterokonta
Cavalier-Smith (1989)
[edit]Cavalier-Smith. T. (1989). The Kingdom Chromista. In: J.C. Green et al. (eds). The Chromophyte Algae: problems and Perspectives, pp. 381-407, [22].
- Kingdom Chromista
- Subkingdom Cryptista
- Subkingdom Chromophyta
- Phylum Heterokonta
- Subphylum Ochrista
- Subphylum Bicoecia
- Subphylum Pseudofungi ("Not now a synonym for Heterokontimycotina Dick 1976.")
- Class Pythiistea
- Subphylum Labyrinthista Cavalier-Smith 1986. stat. nov.
- Class Labyrinthulea
- Subclass 1. Thraustochytridae Cavalier-Smith, 1989
- Subclass 2. Labyrinthulidae Cavalier-Smith, 1989
- Class Labyrinthulea
- Phylum Haptomonada
- Phylum Heterokonta
Porter in Margulis et al. (1990)
[edit]Porter, D., 1990. 22. Phylum Labyrinthulomycota. In: Margulis, L., J.O. Corliss, M. Melkonian, D.J. Chapman (ed.). Handbook of Protoctista. Jones and Bartlett Publishers, Boston, p. 388-398. See Brands, S.J. (1989-2015), [23].
Kingdom Protoctista
- Section III: Phyla with flagellated stages, but without complex sexual cycles
- Phylum 22. Labyrinthulomycota
- Class Labyrinthulida
- Class Thraustochytrida
- Phylum 22. Labyrinthulomycota
Cavalier-Smith (1993)
[edit]Kingdom Protozoa and its 18 phyla, [24].
- Kingdom Chromista Cavalier-Smith, 1981 emend.
- Subkingdom 2. Euchromista
- Infrakingdom 2. Chromobiota orthogr. emend. pro. Chromophyta Cavalier-Smith, 1986
- Phylum Heterokonta
- Subphylum Labyrinthista Cavalier-Smith, 1986 stat. nov. 1989
- Class Labyrinthulea Olive ex Cavalier-Smith, 1989
- Subclass 1. Thraustochytridae Cavalier-Smith, 1989
- Subclass 2. Labyrinthulidae Cavalier-Smith, 1989
- Class Labyrinthulea Olive ex Cavalier-Smith, 1989
- Subphylum Labyrinthista Cavalier-Smith, 1986 stat. nov. 1989
- Phylum Heterokonta
- Infrakingdom 2. Chromobiota orthogr. emend. pro. Chromophyta Cavalier-Smith, 1986
- Subkingdom 2. Euchromista
Corliss (1994)
[edit]An Interim Utilitarian ("User-friendly") Hierarchical Classification and Characterization of the Protists.
Empire Eukaryota
- Kingdom Chromista
- Phylum 2. Labyrinthomorpha Page in Levine (et al.), 1980
- Class (1) Labyrinthulea Cienkowski, 1867
- Class (2) Thraustochytriacea Sparrow, 1943
- Phylum 2. Labyrinthomorpha Page in Levine (et al.), 1980
Cavalier-Smith (1998)
[edit]A revised six-kingdom system of life
- Phylum Sagenista
- Subphylum Labyrinthista Cavalier-Smith 1986 stat. nov. 1989
David J. Patterson (1999)
[edit]The Diversity of Eukaryotes
- Stramenopiles
- Clade Slabyrinthulids
- Genus Diplophrys
- Clade Labyrinthulids
- Clade Thraustochytrids
- Clade Slabyrinthulids
Webster (2007)
[edit]Introduction to Fungi, 3rd ed.
- Straminipila
- Hyphochytriomycota
- Labyrinthulomycota (= Labyrinthomorpha, Labyrinthista and Labyrinthulea) (slime nets)
- Labyrinthulomycetes (= Labyrinthulales)
- Thraustochytriomycetes (= Thraustochytriales)
- Oomycota (= Peronosporomycetes)
Anderson & Cavalier-Smith (2012)
[edit]Anderson, O. R., & Cavalier-Smith, T. (2012). Ultrastructure of Diplophrys parva, a new small freshwater species, and a revised analysis of Labyrinthulea (Heterokonta). Acta Protozoologica, 51(4), 291-304, [25].
- Heterokonta
- Phylum Bigyra
- Subphylum Sagenista
- Class Labyrinthulea (Lister 1891) Olive ex Cavalier-Smith 1986
- Order 1. Thraustochytrida Sparrow 1973
- Family 1. Thraustochytriidae Sparrow ex Cejp 1959 (Thraustochytrium, Ulkenia, Schizochytrium, Japonochytrium, Aurantiochytrium, Sicyoidochytrium, Parietichytrium, Botryochytrium)
- Family 2. Oblongichytriidae Cavalier-Smith fam. n. (Oblongichytrium)
- Family 3. Althorniidae Cavalier-Smith fam. n. (Althornia)
- Family 4. Diplophryidae Cavalier-Smith fam. n. (Diplophrys)
- Superfamily Amphifiloidea Cavalier-Smith superfam. n.
- Family 1. Amphifilidae Cavalier-Smith fam. n. (Amphifila)
- Family 2. Sorodiplophryidae Cavalier-Smith fam. n. (Sorodiplophrys)
- Order 2. Labyrinthulida Dofl ein 1901
- Family 1. Labyrinthulidae Cienkowski 1867 (Labyrinthula)
- Family 2. Aplanochytriidae Leander ex Cavalier-Smith fam. n. (Aplanochytrium)
- Order 1. Thraustochytrida Sparrow 1973
- Class Labyrinthulea (Lister 1891) Olive ex Cavalier-Smith 1986
Gomaa et al. (2013)
[edit]Gomaa, F., Mitchell, E. A., & Lara, E. (2013). Amphitremida (Poche, 1913) is a new major, ubiquitous labyrinthulomycete clade. PloS one, 8(1), e53046, [26].
- Labyrinthulomycetes/Labyrinthulea
Beakes et al. (2014)
[edit]Beakes, G. W., Honda, D. & Thines, M. (2014). Systematics of the Straminipila: Labyrinthulomycota, Hyphochytriomycota and Oomycota. In: McLaughlin, D. J. & Spatafora, J. W. (eds). The Mycota. Vol. VII. Part A. Systematics and Evolution. 2nd ed. Springer Verlag, Berlin, p. 39-97, [27].
- Kingdom Straminipila {Heterokonta}
- {Phylum Bigyra}
- {Subphylum Sagenista}
- Class Labyrinthulomycota {Labyrinthulea}
- Order Thraustochytridiales {Thraustochytrida}
- Family Thraustochytridiaceae {Thraustochytriidae}
- Family Oblongichytridiaceae {Oblongichytriidae}
- Family Althornidiaceae {Althorniidae}
- Family Diplophryidaceae {Diplophryidae}
- {Superfamily Amphifiloidea}
- Family Amphifilaceae {Amphifilidae}
- {Family Sorodiplophryidae}
- Order Labyrinthulidales {Labyrinthulida}
- Family Labyrinthulaceae {Labyrinthulidae}
- Family Aplanochytridiaceae {Aplanochytriidae}
- Order Thraustochytridiales {Thraustochytrida}
- Class Labyrinthulomycota {Labyrinthulea}
- {Subphylum Sagenista}
- {Phylum Bigyra}
[Note: names in { } are protistan nomenclatural equivalents used by Anderson & Cavalier-Smtih (2012).]
Bennett et al. (2017)
[edit]Bennett, R. M., Honda, D., Beakes, G. W. & Thines M. (2017). Labyrinthulomycota. In: Archibald, J. M., Simpson A. G. B., Slamovits, C. H. (eds) Handbook of the Protists Springer International Publishing, p. 507 - 542, [28].
- Labyrinthulomycota/Labyrinthomorpha
- Labyrinthulomycetes/Labyrinthulea
- Labyrinthulales/Labyrinthulida
- Aplanochytriaceae/Aplanochytriidae (Aplanochytrium) (including Labyrinthuloides)
- “Stellarchytriaceae/Stellarchytriidae” (Stellarchytrium)
- Labyrinthulaceae/Labyrinthulidae (Labyrinthula)
- Oblongichytridiales/Oblongichytriida
- Oblongichytridiaceae/Oblongichytriidae (Oblongichytrium)
- Thraustochytriales/Thraustochytrida
- Althornidiaceae/Althorniidae (Althornia)
- Thraustochytriacae/Thraustochytriidae (Aurantiochytrium, Botryochytrium, Japanochytrium, Monorhizochytrium, Parietichytrium, Schizochytrium, Sicyoidochytrium, Thraustochytrium, Ulkenia)
- Amphitremida
- Amphitremidae (Amphitrema, Archerella, Paramphitrema)
- Diplophrydaceae/Diplophryidae (Diplophrys)
- Amphifilida
- Amphifilaceae/Amphifilidae (Amphifila)
- Sorodiplophryidae (Fibrophrys, Sorodiplophrys)
- Labyrinthulales/Labyrinthulida
- Labyrinthulomycetes/Labyrinthulea
note: names with " " are provisional and requires deep phylogenetic study.
References
[edit]- Arx, J. A. von. 1970. The Genera of Fungi Sporulating in Pure Culture. Lehre, Germany: J. Cramer, [29].
- Bennett, R.M.; Honda, D.; Beakes, G.W.; Thines, M. 2017. Labyrinthulomycota. In: Archibald, J.M., Simpson, A.G.B., Slamovits, C. (Eds.). Handbook of the Protists. Springer, pp. 507-542. [30].
- Dick, M.W. 2001. Straminipilous Fungi. Springer. ISBN 0792367804.
- Porter, David. 2005. Labyrinthulomycetes. Version 01 January 2005 (temporary). http://tolweb.org/Labyrinthulomycetes/21791/2005.01.01 in The Tree of Life Web Project, http://tolweb.org/
- Whittaker, R. H. 1969. New concepts of kingdoms or organisms. Science 163 (3863): 150–160, [31].
Vernacular names
[edit]Deutsch: Netzschleimpilze, Schleimnetze
English: Slime nets
suomi: Labyrinttisienet
日本語: ラビリンチュラ
українська: Лабіринтуломікотові