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    This document contains 15 practice problems on metric and topological spaces from an Easter 2008 example sheet. The problems cover a range of topics including metric spaces, product metrics, topological spaces, homeomorphisms, and functional analysis. The document also notes that future example sheets will replace the word "says" with "said".

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    This document contains 15 practice problems on metric and topological spaces from an Easter 2008 example sheet. The problems cover a range of topics including metric spaces, product metrics, topological spaces, homeomorphisms, and functional analysis. The document also notes that future example sheets will replace the word "says" with "said".

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    Download as pdf or txt
    85 views2 pages

    Examples 1

    Uploaded by

    Sonozix
    This document contains 15 practice problems on metric and topological spaces from an Easter 2008 example sheet. The problems cover a range of topics including metric spaces, product metrics, topological spaces, homeomorphisms, and functional analysis. The document also notes that future example sheets will replace the word "says" with "said".

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
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    of 2

    Metric and topological spaces, Easter 2008

    BJG

    Example Sheet 1

    1. Give an example of a metric space X which has a closed ball of radius 1.001 which contains 100 disjoint closed balls of radius one. 2. Show that the sequence 2008, 20008, 200008, 2000008, . . . converges in the 5-adic metric. 3. Suppose that R R is endowed with one of the product metrics dened in lectures (pick your favourite). Show that the map f : R R R dened by f (x, y) = x + y is continuous. 4. Suppose that (X, d) is a metric space and that X X is endowed with the product metric d((x, x ), (y, y )) = d(x, y) + d(x , y ). Show that the metric d, viewed as a map from X X to R, is continuous. 5. By a norm on Rn we mean a function : Rn R 0 for which x = 0 if and only if x = 0, for which x + y x + y , and such that x = || x for all R. Show that any norm denes a metric on Rn by the rule d(x, y) = x y . Suppose now that (X1 , d1 ), . . . , (Xn , dn ) are metric spaces. Wikipedia says that the function d dened by d((x1 , x2 , . . . , xn ), (x , x , . . . , x )) = (d1 (x1 , x ), . . . , dn (xn , x ))
    1 2 n 1 n

    is a metric on X1 Xn . Do you believe this?

    6. Suppose that (X1 , d1 ), (X2 , d2 ), . . . are metric spaces. Prove the claim made in lectures, that 1 di (xi , xi ) d((x1 , x2 , . . . ), (x1 , x2 , . . . )) = 2i 1 + di (xi , xi ) i=1 denes a metric on the countably innite product
    i=1

    Xi .

    7. How many topologies are there on the set {1, 2}? Show that if n > 1 then there are at least 2n dierent topologies on the set {1, . . . , n}. Is the number of topologies on {1, . . . , n} bounded above by C n , for some universal constant C? 8. Give an example of an innite topological space X which is homeomorphic to X X. 9. Exhibit a countable basis for the usual topology on R. 10. Suppose that C[0, 1] is endowed with the L2 -metric d(f, g) = Is it complete?
    1Update: 1 0

    |f (x) g(x)|2 dx.

    I am pleased to report that next years example sheet will see says replaced by said.
    1

    11. Which of the following pairs of topological spaces are homeomorphic? Justify your answers. [Hint: Im not sure all of this can be done using material from the rst six lectures of the course.] (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) A coee mug and a doughnut; C[0, 1] and C[0, 2] (both with the metric d(f, g) = max |f (x) g(x)|); (0, 1) and [0, 1]; {0, 1, . . . , 9}N and [0, 1]; R2 \ {0} and R2 \ {x : |x| 1}.

    12. Is Q complete in the 2-adic metric? 13. For this question we work in Rn with the Euclidean metric. Show that there do not exist two disjoint closed unit balls inside any closed ball of radius 2. Show that there do, however, exist (1 + c)n disjoint closed unit balls inside any closed ball of radius 3.001, for some absolute constant c > 0. Do there exist exponentially many disjoint closed unit balls inside a closed ball of radius 2.001? 14. Suppose that A is a set inside some topological space X. Show that no more than 14 distinct sets may be obtained from A by repeated applications of the closure, interior and complementation operations (e.g. the closure of the complement of the closure of the closure of the complement of the complement of A). Show furthermore that 14 is the best possible constant in this result. 15. Show that the set S C[0, 1] consisting of continuous functions which map Q to Q is dense, where the metric on C[0, 1] is dened by d(f, g) = max |f (x) g(x)|.

    Version of October 12th, 2008. Please email corrections and comments to [email protected].

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