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  • Contemporaries of Chaucer

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    This document discusses four contemporaries of Geoffrey Chaucer: John Gower, John Wycliff, and John Mandeville. It describes John Gower as a personal friend of Chaucer's who wrote three major works in French, Latin, and English, including Confessio Amantis which praises Chaucer. It outlines John Wycliff's attacks on the Catholic Church that led to condemnation and his advocacy for translating the Bible into English. It also summarizes John Mandeville's famous travel book claiming to describe his journeys throughout Asia, the Middle East, and Africa, and his views on reclaiming Christian lands.

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    its about the contemporaries of chaucer

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    This document discusses four contemporaries of Geoffrey Chaucer: John Gower, John Wycliff, and John Mandeville. It describes John Gower as a personal friend of Chaucer's who wrote three major works in French, Latin, and English, including Confessio Amantis which praises Chaucer. It outlines John Wycliff's attacks on the Catholic Church that led to condemnation and his advocacy for translating the Bible into English. It also summarizes John Mandeville's famous travel book claiming to describe his journeys throughout Asia, the Middle East, and Africa, and his views on reclaiming Christian lands.

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    3K views3 pages

    Contemporaries of Chaucer

    Uploaded by

    Garret Raja
    This document discusses four contemporaries of Geoffrey Chaucer: John Gower, John Wycliff, and John Mandeville. It describes John Gower as a personal friend of Chaucer's who wrote three major works in French, Latin, and English, including Confessio Amantis which praises Chaucer. It outlines John Wycliff's attacks on the Catholic Church that led to condemnation and his advocacy for translating the Bible into English. It also summarizes John Mandeville's famous travel book claiming to describe his journeys throughout Asia, the Middle East, and Africa, and his views on reclaiming Christian lands.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 3

    Contemporaries of Chaucer

    John Gower:

    He is a personal friend of Geoffrey Chaucer.


    He is remembered primarily for three major works
    The Mirour de l'Omme or Speculum Meditantis(French)
    Vox Clamantis (Latin)
    Confessio Amantis(English)
    Chaucer called him Moral Gower.
    Chaucer dedicated his Troilus and Criseyde in part to "moral
    Gower".
    Gower reciprocated by placing a speech in praise of Chaucer in the
    mouth of Venus at the end of the Confessio Amantis.
    He went blind in about 1400.
    Speculum Meditantis
    The Speculum meditantis, or Mirour de lomme, in French, is composed of
    12-line stanzas and opens impressively with a description of the devils
    marriage to the seven daughters of sin;
    continuing with the marriage of reason and the seven virtues, it ends with a
    searing examination of the sins of English society just before the Peasants
    Revolt of 1381.
    The denunciatory tone is relieved at the very end by a long hymn to the
    Virgin.
    Vox Clamantis
    an apocalyptic poem of seven books.
    Vox Clamantis (Which means "the voice of one crying out") is
    a Latin poem of around 10,000 lines in elegiac verse by John Gower that
    recounts the events and tragedy of the 1381 Peasants' Rising/Revolt.
    Gower takes an entirely aristocratic side in the poem, regarding the
    peasants' claims as invalid and their actions as following the anti-Christ.
    vox clamantis in deserto (The voice of one crying out in the desert) a
    reference to John the Baptist;

    Confessio Amantis
    Confessio Amantis ("The Lover's Confession") is a 33,000-line Middle
    English poem by John Gower, which uses the confession made by an ageing
    lover, Amans to the chaplain of Venus, Genius as a frame story for a
    collection of shorter narrative poems.
    the confessor, Genius helps to examine the lover's conscience and tells him
    exemplary stories of behaviour and fortune in love, organized under the
    headings of the Seven Deadly Sins and drawing widely on classical story
    and medieval romance.
    At the end, when the lover has been entirely shriven of his sins and his grasp
    of the ethics of love is complete, the confessor tells him that he is too old for
    love and disappears.
    According to its prologue, it was composed at the request of Richard II,
    whom requested him to write something in English.
    He dedicated it to Richard II.
    Later, He dedicated it to Henry IV.
    There was a speech in First Version, in praise of Chaucer in the mouth
    of Venus at the end of the Confessio Amantis.

    John Wycliff:
    His attacks on the authority and abuses in the Church, and
    ultimately his denial of Transubstantiation, led to repeated
    attempts to condemn him from at least 1378 onwards;
    Wycliffe was also an advocate for translation of the Bible into the
    vernacular.
    He completed a translation directly from the Vulgate (Latin) into
    Middle English in the year 1382, now known as Wycliffe's Bible.
    An additional updated versions being done by Wycliffe's
    assistant John Purvey and Nicholas Hereford.
    Wycliffe's followers were known as Lollards.
    They followed his lead in advocating Predestination, Iconoclasm,
    and Caesaropapism, while attacking the veneration of Saints, the
    Sacraments, Requiem Masses, Transubstantiation, monasticism,
    and the very existence of the Papacy.
    He was called as the Morning Star of the English Reformation.

    John Mandeville:
    Sir John, the ostensible author of the famous book of Travels
    which is found in many European languages.
    Its first appearance in Anglo-Norman French in 1356-7.
    had traversed by way of Turkey (Asia
    Minor and Cilicia), Tartary, Persia, Syria, Arabia, Egypt upper and
    lower, Libya, great part of Ethiopia, Chaldea, Amazonia, India the
    Less, the Greater and the Middle, and many countries about India;
    The Voyage and Travels of Sir John Mandeville, Knight, generally
    known as The Travels of Sir John Mandeville.
    Accoring to him, Jerusalame is the centre of the Earth. He hurries
    Christians to claim their land from Pagans.

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