Canadian Society For Circumpolar Health Gazetteer Winter/Spring 2010
Canadian Society For Circumpolar Health Gazetteer Winter/Spring 2010
10 Project Snapshots
14 People
16 Reference Scan
18 Library Services
— CSCH News —
Secretary
Director of the Institute Nations and Aboriginal
for Circumpolar Health organizations in BC and
Research in Yellowknife, Yukon. Her education
Northwest Territories and Crystal Lennie is the is in nursing, midwifery
assistant professor in the Inuvialuit Regional Cor- and political science.
Dalla Lana School of Pub- poration’s Health Policy Marilyn has a long stand-
lic Health, University of Toronto. Coordinator. Oversee- ing commitment to Aboriginal community
ing and supporting health issues and the promotion of healthy fami-
Susan has an interest in building sustainable lies. She is a founding member of the Aboriginal
programs related to the
health research capacity in northern regions. Nurses of Canada, the BC FAS Resource Soci-
Aboriginal Health Tran-
She has spent most of her career in remote and ety and the Medical Services Foundation Ethics
sition Fund, Aboriginal
northern communities, working in the clinical Review Committee (Vancouver Foundation).
Health Human Re-
setting, public health and research. Her current
sources Initiative, and various Health Research Marilyn has participated in numerous commu-
projects within ICHR include the development
Projects. nity research projects including health needs
of health research ethics boards and models for
review, knowledge synthesis, and dissemination She coordinates and facilitates the steering com- assessments, evaluations and maternal child
of evidence for northern populations, participa- mittee for the Inuvialuit portion of the Inuit health. She researched and wrote the Health
tory projects with a focus on community well- Health Survey “Qanuqitpit?” She has directed Canada publication, It Takes a Community: A
ness and the facilitation of a number of research various logistical components of the ship and Resource Manual on Community-Based Preven-
projects and related activities in the circumpolar land based surveys. Her experience working tion of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome and Fetal Alcohol
regions. with broad partners and facilitation of health Effects and is currently working on the second
projects allows for ongoing commitment to edition.
Treasurer
Inuvialuit Healthcare within the Inuvialuit
Settlement Region. Crystal represents the Inu- Paul Brassard
vialuit on NICoH (National Inuit Committee
on Health). Paul Brassard is a com-
Catherine Carry has munity medicine phy-
been a member of sician with graduate
CSCH for a number
of years. Between
1994-2004, Catherine
Directors training in epidemiology
and parasitology. As a
clinician researcher at
held a variety of coor-
dination and manage- Michael Jong the McGill University
Health Centre his cur-
ment positions at Pauktuutit Inuit Women’s rent research has been
Michael Jong is rural
Association, developing health promotion looking into the natural history of the human
family physician and has
projects, multi-media resources and training for papillomavirus (HPV) infection and cervical
spent the past 27 years
community workers. In 2004, she joined Inuit cancer in Inuit women of Northern Québec.
in the remote commu-
Tuttarvingat (formerly the Ajunnginiq Centre) This research will hopefully help in the formu-
nity of Happy Valley-
at the National Aboriginal Health Organization lation of policies for inclusion of some form of
Goose Bay in Labrador,
(NAHO) in Ottawa and is currently the Senior HPV testing in a more effective cervical cancer
Canada.
Program Officer. screening and prevention program.
He is a professor of fam-
Catherine focuses on Inuit health and well-
ily medicine at Memorial University of New-
ness information and a range of public health
W
Membership includes a one-year subscription
to the International Journal on Circumpolar elcome to the inaugural gazetteer of the Canadian Society for Circumpolar Health
Health (www.ijch.fi) and the library services (CSCH). This newsletter highlights a broad cross-section of organizations and in-
listed in this journal. Membership fees can be dividuals working in circumpolar health. Specific activities include IPY health and
paid online via credit card through the CSCH wellness oriented research, community-based projects in Canada, research in Greenland, summer
website at: institutes in Denmark, and newly initiated circumpolar rounds which will allow clinicians from cir-
— www.csch.ca — cumpolar regions to gather and share best practices. Moreover, it is very encouraging to see the num-
ber of submissions related to projects that engage youth.
Established in 1984, CSCH enacted a strategic plan for renewal in 2004, culminating in the elec-
Executive Contacts tion of a new executive to guide this process at the 2009 Annual General Meeting in Yellowknife,
Northwest Territories. The executive brings a broad base of backgrounds and perspectives in circum-
Susan Chatwood, President polar health including policy, clinical services, administration, and research. It is hoped that CSCH
[email protected] will become a gathering place and provide a voice for Canadian perspectives on circumpolar health.
Crystal Lennie, Secretary We hope to do this through a biannual newsletter, annual conferences, and increased networking
[email protected] amongst members.
Catherine Carry, Treasurer Furthermore, to date, Canada’s activities in Antarctic health and medicine have been underrepre-
[email protected] sented in the society. This is not surprising, as Canada does not maintain an Antarctic research sta-
Michael Jong, Executive Member tion. Despite this, opportunities do exist to partner with colleagues in Antarctica concerning health
[email protected] topics such as remote emergency medicine, expedition medicine, rescue, light adaptation, response
Marilyn Van Bibber, Executive Member to isolation, telehealth, and medical evacuation. In October, I had an opportunity to meet with the
[email protected] Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research – Human Health Expert Group. At this meeting there
was interest in finding ways to facilitate Arctic – Antarctic partnerships and I look forward to CSCH
Paul Brassard, Executive Member
playing a role in developing these linkages.
[email protected]
As a society we sit on the International Union for Circumpolar Health www.iuch.net. The main activ-
Secretariat ity of the IUCH have been the organization of the International Congress on Circumpolar Health as
noted in this publication. The fabric of the international community in circumpolar health has also
c/o Institute for undergone many changes since the IUCH’s inception, so the IUCH is also exploring its direction
Circumpolar Health Research for the coming years. Crystal Lennie and I look forward to representing CSCH in these discussions
P.O. Box 11050 with the Union.
Yellowknife, NT X1A 3X7 Canada
Tel: 867.873.9337 Finally, I would like to thank members for their support. I look forward to my term as President as we
Fax: 867.873.9338 work together to advance the society and Canadian activities in circumpolar health.
If you are not yet a member (or have not renewed) please visit our website and join www.csch.ca.
Editor Membership fees contribute to International Journal of Circumpolar Health subscription, University
Correspondence and suggestions for future of Manitoba Library Access, bi annual newsletter and planning for the annual conference. Adminis-
content can be submitted to: trative fees are kept to a minimum through the in-kind support of executive member’s organizations
when possible.
Rajiv Rawat
[email protected]
— www.ichr.ca —
— www.circumpolarhealth.org —
Susan Chatwood
Edited and composed at the
Institute for Circumpolar Health Research Yellowknife, NT
Yellowknife, NT January 2010
Updates
together members of each of the steering com-
mittees from the three Inuit regions (Inuvialuit,
Nunavut, and Nunatsiavut). The three regions
participated in their 2007-2008 International
Polar Year study called the Inuit Health Survey.
The Inuit Health Survey went to the Inuvialuit
Audio clips and presentations from the summit In association with the IPY Canada Early Re-
can be downloaded from the Social Economy sults Workshop, Health Canada will be host-
Hub website. ing the Health Canada Science and Policy Round
Table on Northern Health and Community Well-
»» socialeconomyhub.ca, being. This round table will feature presenta-
dl1.yukoncollege.yk.ca/sernnoca/ &
tions and discussions on issues surrounding
sennorca.circumpolarhealth.org
Northern health research and community
well-being. It is part of an ongoing initiative to
Dr. Bruce Martin was awarded the prestigious Dr. John Arthur
Hildes Medal for his lifetime contribution to circumpolar health.
A remarkable circumpolar gathering saw John B. Zoe of the Tłįcho Government share his nation’s flag with Graduate student Julie Bull received the Hart Hansen
Dr. Larisa Abrutina, a representative of the Russian Association of Indigenous Peoples of the North. Award as an emerging researcher and health worker.
I
investigate community response to fluctuating
nternational Polar Year (IPY) is an interna- caribou populations and changing sea ice pat-
tional program of coordinated, interdisci- Through 16 health and well-being terns, respectively. Communities are sensitive
plinary science, research and observations projects, Canada has been a leader to climate change, a concept that is being ex-
in the Arctic and Antarctic. While previous IPY plored within these projects and that is comple-
in promoting work in health and
initiatives focused on the physical sciences, IPY ment by work Allie Winton and colleagues in
2007-08 was unique through its additional focus
social sciences during IPY.
the Tr’ondëk Hwëch’in Traditional Territory
on health and community well-being. Through where interviews with community members are
16 health and well-being projects on such topics documenting traditional knowledge pertaining
as general health status, infectious disease, food tal health in the Inuvialuit Settlement Region,
to climate change and its impacts on lifestyles of
security, wastewater treatment, community re- Nunavut and Nunatsiavut.
northern communities.
siliency and traditional knowledge, Canada has While results from the Inuit Health Survey
been a leader in promoting work in health and Impacts of various changes on lifestyle are be-
provide a general idea of northern health, it is
social sciences during IPY. Health and well- ing experienced throughout the North for
already known that health disparities exist in
being are important not only at an individual many reasons. Work by Eric Dewailly (CHUL-
the North. To understand why these disparities
level, but also at the level of the community. CHUQ) and colleagues have been targeting
exist, it is necessary to look at the specific con-
To provide a quick overview of Canada’s con- how change, such as environmental, societal
ditions, such as infectious disease, in northern
tribution to IPY science in the realm of health and cultural, is affecting the diets of northerners
populations. For example, the prevalence, dis-
and community well-being, highlighted below in relation to precursors to disease. At the same
tribution and social correlates of two infectious
are many of the 16 projects addressing health- time, Manon Simard (Makivik Corporation)
diseases that can lead to cancer are being investi-
related topics. and colleagues are establishing local monitoring
gated. Gerald Minuk (University of Manitoba)
capacity to quickly identify the presence and
Little is known about the general health status and colleagues are looking at Hepatitis B while
levels of parasites in food being eaten by local
of populations in northern Canada. To ad- Yang Mao (Public Health Agency of Canada)
communities. Finally, as Arctic communities
dress this, Grace Egeland (McGill University) and colleagues are investigating Human Papil-
grow and become more urbanized, effectively
is leading the Inuit Health Survey, the largest lomavirus (HPV). At the same time, Philippe
treating wastewater has become a pressing con-
comprehensive assessment of Inuit health in the De Wals (Université Laval) and colleagues are
cern. Brent Wootton (Fleming College) and
Canadian Arctic. As a complement to a similar evaluating the effectiveness of a vaccination
colleagues are assessing and developing con-
survey completed in Nunavik in 2004, this proj- program on respiratory infections and auditory
structed wetlands around the Canadian Arctic.
ect provides a snapshot of Inuit health through a problems in Nunavik children.
Constructed wetlands require low maintenance,
look at general indicators of health, diet, risk for Health of communities is contingent on many operational and energy requirements and pro-
cardiovascular disease and diabetes and men- things and determining what is most important vide a flexible and sustainable solution.
The exhibit features the submissions of the IPY Time Capsule Project Photo Contest participants. Winners were announced in
September 2009. All participants’ photos will be featured in exhibit. Please come to see the exhibit in person or view it on our
website at: www.ipytimecapsule.com. We are still accepting submissions of artwork, photography, or writing. For more informa-
tion, email us at [email protected].
Qaujigiartiit Projects
— For more information about Qaujigiartiit or these projects, contact Gwen at [email protected] —
AHRN-Yukon Projects
— For more information about AHRN-Yukon or its activities, contact Jody at [email protected] or Norma at [email protected] —
Centre for Rural Health Research at the University Participation number of days a woman can stay in the com-
of British Columbia, the Department of Family munity before giving birth. In order for the test
The fetal fibronectin pilot study established that
Medicine at the University of Ottawa, and Qullit to be useful for rural women, the test needs to
women are willing to participate in a project
Nunavut Status of Women’s Council. be accurate in showing that a negative test result
looking at the use of f FN to predict the delay
means that women will not go into labour for a
The Context of Birth in Rural and Remote Communities in labour ‘at term.’ Out of the 30 women who
minimum of 7 days, which according to our pi-
In Canada, 3,000–5,000 women a year living participated, only 2 women stopped participat-
lot project is not the case. Out of the 17 women
in rural and remote communities have to leave ing. Most women showed up to all of their ap-
included in analyses, 12 women delivered less
their home communities at 36 weeks to give pointments and the evaluations reflected that
than 7 days after their last negative f FN test.
birth, due to a lack of local maternity services. participants felt comfortable in the testing envi-
ronment and with the testing schedule. In total While the results do not indicate the test is use-
This can create negative health outcomes and
135 tests were collected. ful for predicting labour at term as it is, this pilot
social stress for rural women and their families.
project resulted in the clarifying the research
The fetal fibronectin pilot project team was in- Out of the 30 women who participated in the
questions and methodology required to com-
terested to see if the ‘fetal fibronectin test’ used study, only 17 women’s test results were in-
plete such a study, and has laid the foundation
to predict the onset of preterm labour, would cluded in the final analysis. The test results of
for further examination of the test and the sci-
also work for predicting labour ‘at term’ for rural 13 participants were excluded from the study
ence behind it.
women and their families. If so, women would due to one of the following factors: participant
be able to stay in their home communities for dropped out of the study, participant delivered Many Thanks
longer, before having to leave to the referral hos- before a sample was collected, participant had a The research team would like to extend heart-
pital. medical condition (pre-eclampsia); participant ful thanks and our most sincere appreciation
Methodology received a positive f FN score on their first test; to the women who participated in the study. In
participant received a cesarean section or induc- addition, this study would not have been pos-
Thirty pregnant women participated in this tion so did not deliver vaginally. sible without the dedicated cooperation and
project and took a series of fetal fibronectin
Fetal Fibronectin Pilot Outcomes collaboration of the multi-disciplinary team of
tests starting at 36 weeks in the pregnancy. Ethi-
researchers, northern clinicians and community
cal approval was obtained from the Nunavut Based on the pilot test results, it appears that, as
members who guided and supervised this proj-
Research Institute, the University of British Co- the f FN test is currently used the level of f FN
ect.
lumbia and the University of Ottawa. in a woman ‘at term’ is not predictive of the
Circumpolar
why, the Greenland Sexual Health Project was ond largest community in Greenland. The pre-
initiated as an international, community based vious year, 149 Greenlanders were recruited in
participatory research project involving Cana- Nuuk, the capital of, and largest community in,
NWT HPV
the Northwest Territories Department of Health
NWT HPV Sample
and Social Services, McGill University, and the
Collection Sites
Institute for Circumpolar Health Research.
Announcement of Retirement:
Dr John David Martin
I n January 2010 Dr. John David (Dave)
Martin retired from First Nations and Inuit
Health, Health Canada after a long and dis-
tinguished career which has spanned four de-
left clinical practice, in 1975, he had delivered
approximately 800 babies as part of a busy and
diversified northern medical practice.
He rejoined the Medical Services Branch of the
“I
cades.
In Profile
Department of National Health and Welfare, in
Dr. Martin’s involvement in Aboriginal and Cir- 1975 and in 1983, was called back to Ottawa to
cumpolar Health began immediately after grad- take the position of national Director of Indian
uating from the University of Toronto School of and Inuit Health Services with Medical Services
Cheryl Case Medicine in 1964 and interning at the Toronto Branch of Health Canada.
Western Hospital. In 1965, he joined the De-
am in my third year of a master’s de- In 1986, he returned to the Pacific Regional
partment of National Health and Welfare, serv-
gree in public health (MPH) with the Office in Vancouver as the Programs Medical
ing initially for a year as a Field Medical Officer
University of Alaska Anchorage, a web- Officer (Regional Medical Officer) for British
in Norway House, a then fly-in Aboriginal com-
based distance program. Dr. Cindy Orlaw, Columbia.
munity 300 miles north of Winnipeg and for a
a Yellowknife Family Physician is also a second year at Fort Rae, Northwest Territories In addition to his governmental role, Dr. Mar-
student in the MPH program. located 70 miles northwest of Yellowknife from tin has been a Clinical Associate Professor and
Enrolling in this degree program after 27 where he held clinics all over the Western Arc- Adjunct Professor in the Department of Medi-
years of working in the healthcare field in tic, including Snowdrift at the eastern end of cine at the University of British Columbia for
the Northwest Territories has been an awe- Great Slave Lake, Fort Providence in the south, the past 22 years and has been a teacher and
some experience, particularly for personal Lac La Martre, isolated Dog Rib Indian hunting mentor to a generation of medical students and
development. It is wonderful to learn and camps on the edge of the barrens at Snare Lake residents. His enthusiasm and commitment has
share with students from Alaska, our cir- and the high Arctic settlements of Coppermine guided many young doctors to enter the fields
cumpolar neighbour and Dr. Orlaw. In my and Holman Island. of Public Health and Aboriginal Health.
studies, I am adding public health theory In 1967 joined the Whitehorse Medical Clinic He and his wife Patricia (Pat) have been mar-
to my practical public health experience as and in 1969, he and his partners built a large ried for 47 years and have six children (three
a communicable disease specialist with the medical and dental centre with the capacity boys and three girls), twelve grandchildren and
Department of Health and Social Services. to support twelve physicians. At the time he four great grandchildren.
As I embark on my thesis research proj-
ect titled, “Examining the Epidemiology
of DNA Fingerprinting for Tuberculosis
(TB) in the Northwest Territories”, I am
able to apply theory and research to the The Aklavik Health Promotion
secondary data gathered at the Depart-
ment for the TB program. In my study, I
will examine epidemiology data as it re-
Research Project (AHPRP)
lates to demographic and social history for
each reported case of TB, along with the
DNA fingerprint for each M. tuberculosis
isolate from each patient. Tuberculosis
continues to be a communicable disease of
A ccording to the WHO’s Ottawa Charter on Health
Promotion (1986), health promotion programmes
are meant to enable people to improve and increase
control over their health and its determinants. Canada has
played a key role in conceptualizing the social determinants
great concern among our northern popu- of health – the conditions in which people are born, grow,
lation as it continues to be transmitted to live, work, age, and access preventative and clinical care.
others. In my study, I want to learn more Yet, like many circumpolar countries, Canada faces an im-
about the transmission patterns to prevent plementation gap between evidence on the determinants of
and stop TB. health and program delivery. In May 2009, medical anthro-
A special thanks goes to the team at the pology student Andrew Bresnahan joined members of the
Institute for Circumpolar Health Research Aklavik Health Committee to explore this implementation
for supporting my educational endeav- gap, documenting people’s perceptions of the meaning and
ours. The website for University of Alaska determinants of health, as well as local health priorities and existing health promotion programs in
”
Anchorage is: the community of Aklavik, Northwest Territories. For more information on this project, feel free to
contact Andrew Bresnahan at [email protected].
»» www.uaa.alaska.edu/mph Andrew Bresnahan is a MSc Candidate in Medical Anthropology at the University of Toronto, and a
Research Affiliate with the Institute for Circumpolar Health Research and the Public Health Agency of
Canada.
Reference Scan
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Gagnon, A. S., Kowal, S., Qrunnut, K., & Irngaut,
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ton ([email protected]), P. (2009). Injury in First Nations communities rander, A. (2009). Mental health, substance use
Aboriginal Health Librarian, Neil John in Ontario. Canadian Journal of Public Health, and suicidal behaviour among young indigenous
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Maclean Health Sciences Library, University
Science and Medicine, 69(8), 1194-1203.
of Manitoba for more information about these Forbes, D., & Edge, D. (2009). Canadian home care
publications or assistance obtaining copies of policy and practice in rural and remote settings: Lukovich, J. V., & McBean, G. A. (2009). Address-
published articles. Challenges and solutions. Journal of Agromedicine, ing human security in the Arctic in the context of
14(2), 119-124. climate change through science and technology.
Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global
Articles
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Change, 1-14.
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change: A case study from Igloolik, Nunavut. Montpetit, F. (2009). In conversation with Fred
Regional Environmental Change, 9(2), 83-100. Montpetit. Canadian Nurse, 105(6), 21-22.
Allen, J., Mohatt, G., Fok, C. C. T., Henry, D., &
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Aporta, C. (2009). The trail as home: Inuit and their Examining aquatic risk communication and water developing early interventions for alcohol among
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37(2), 131-146. Place, 16(1), 1-9. Mental Health and Addiction, 1-14.
Ball, J. (2009). Supporting young indigenous chil- Gombay, N. (2009). Sharing or commoditising? A Natcher, D., Hickey, C., Nelson, M., & Davis, S.
dren’s language development in Canada: A review discussion of some of the socio-economic implica- (2009). Implications of tenure insecurity for
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Canadian Aboriginal youth: Social, interpersonal Gregory, R., & Trousdale, W. (2009). Compensating Natcher, D. C., Felt, L., & Procter, A. (2009). Moni-
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Niccols, A., Dell, C. A., & Clarke, S. (2009).
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Preface. Science of the Total Environment, (Aug 8 Arctic governance. Polar Record, 1-11.
Sharma, S., Couturier, S., & Côté, S. D. (2009). Im-
2009), doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.06.011. Kral, M. J., Wiebe, P. K., Nisbet, K., Dallas, C., pacts of climate change on the seasonal distribu-
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Reports &
Health_Manual_inuktitut.pdf
others working in tobacco reduction can join
»» English: www.gov.nu.ca/health/Dental_ the Network through a listserv, [email protected].
Monographs
Health_Manual_english.pdf
»» www.InuitTobaccofree.ca
Indigenous Children’s Health
Pediatric Clinics of North
AMBIO Edited by Janet Smylie and Paul Adomako, In- America
digenous Children’s Health Report: Health Assess-
The journal, AMBIO: A Journal of the Human ment in Action, presents the challenges to Inuit, The journal, Pediatric Clinics of North America,
Environment, published a special issue on cli- First Nations and Northern child health in Can- published a thematic issue on child health,
mate change in Northern Canada, Vol. 38, No. ada in the context of Indigenous child health ‘Health Issues in Indigenous children: An Evi-
5 ( July 2009). status in the US, Australia, and New Zealand. dence-Based Approach for the General Pediatri-
cian’, Vol. 56, Issue 6 (December 2009).
»» ambio.allenpress.com/perlserv/?request=get- »» www.stmichaelshospital.com/crich/
toc&issn=0044-7447&volume=38&issue=5 indigenous_childrens_health_report.php »» www.pediatric.theclinics.com/issues/
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CADTH International Journal of X0006-4
Circumpolar Health
Suicide Prevention Therapy in Adolescents Pimatisiwin
CADTH’s April 2009 report entitled, Dialecti- Visit the International Journal of Circumpolar
cal Behaviour Therapy in Adolescents for Suicide Health website for the latest issue which in- Pimatisiwin: A Journal of Indigenous and Aborigi-
Prevention: Systematic Review of Clinical-Effec- cludes a summary of the 14th International nal Community Health publishes two volumes
tiveness, attempts to answer the question, “what Congress on Circumpolar Health and the latest each year, so visit their website to see what is
is the evidence on the clinical effectiveness supplement 2009 (4) ‘International Circum- new. There is no cost for the journal and all back
of dialectical behaviour therapy for suicide polar Surveillance: Prevention and Control of issues are available online.
prevention in adolescents (18 years of age or Infectious Diseases: 1999 – 2008’, by Tammy
»» www.pimatisiwin.com
younger)?” Zulz, Michael G. Bruce, and Alan J. Parkinson.
International Congress
on Circumpolar Health
Securing the IPY Legacy: From Research to Action
The IUCH and CSCH would like to recognize and acknowledge
the support received from the following organizations:
The IUCH would also like to thank the following in-kind sponsors: Aurora College, Signs & Designs,
Skills Enhancement for Public Health, Tait Communications, Tundra Transfer, Canadian North, First Air,
Arnica Inn, Capital Suites, Coast Fraser Tower, Explorer Hotel, Nova Hotels, Polar Developments Ltd.,
Super 8 Hotel, and the Yellowknife Inn.
c/o Institute for Circumpolar Health Research • P.O. Box 11050, Yellowknife, NT X1A 3X7 Canada • Tel: 867.873.9337 • Fax: 867.873.9338