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FC 1 - 012

AFP CODE OF
ETHICS
April 2006

The information contained in this document is not to be communicated, either

directly or indirectly to any person not authorized to receive it.

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HEADQUARTERS
TRAINING AND DOCTRINE COMMAND, PHILIPPINE ARMY
Camp O’Donnell, Brgy Sta Lucia, Capas, Tarlac

FOREWORD

The Training and Doctrine Command, Philippine Army has long been
conducting training for the Army’s personnel, mostly to strengthen their
knowledge on FC 1- 012 AFP Code of Ethics The demands of such doctrine
have been increasing; hence the need for comprehensive reference material
(RM) for the Army school could not be overemphasized.

We welcome the printing of this RM. This is the product of the fixing
initiatives of our newly-invigorated Doctrine Center. This is expected to benefit
the instructors and students of the Training and Doctrine Command as it
discusses the salient features of Ethics or Professionalism). More
importantly, researchers and writers of military doctrines will also find this
reference material useful. By being aware of the importance as well as the
substance of its contents, the users will be able to properly utilize and employ
them in order to exploit their useful implication in the Army’s operations.

While the concepts and guidelines embodied in this RM have been

thoroughly validated, these have been accredited by TRADOC for the use of
all Army schools. This is to be further subjected to test and evaluation prior to
the promulgation of CSAFP for widest dissemination. As such, we are
soliciting your valued inputs and insights to make it more responsive and
dynamic amidst the ever-changing operational environment.

CARLOS B HOLGANZA
Major General, AFP
Commander

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PREFACE

1. Gender

Unless this publication states otherwise, masculine nouns and

pronouns do not refer exclusively to men.

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CONTENTS

Foreword i
Preface iii
Contents v

Section Title Page

ARTICLE I – IDENTITY 1-1

ARTICLE II – AFP HISTORY 1-2

ARTICLE III – THE AFP CREED AND STAND ON 1-3

BASIC ISSUES

ARTICLE IV – AFP MEMBERSHIP 1-8

ARTICLE V – MILITARY PROFESSIONALISM 1-10

ARTICLE VI – AFP CUSTOMS and TRADITIONS 1-16

ARTICLE VII – GENERAL PROVISIONS 1-20

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PREAMBLE

WE, THE MEMBERS OF THE ARMED FORCES OF THE

PHILIPPINES, IMPLORING ENLIGHTENMENT FROM ALMIGHTY GOD, IN
ORDER TO ACHIEVE AND MAINTAIN A PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATION,
WORTHY OF PUBLIC TRUST AND RESPECT, FAITHFUL TO ITS
CONSTITUTIONAL MANDATE AS THE PROTECTOR OF THE PEOPLE,
THE SOVEREIGNTY OF THE STATE, THE DEMOCRATIC INSTITUTIONS
AND THE INTEGRITY OF THE NATIONAL TERRITORY, FREELY AND
COLLECTIVELY COMMIT OURSELVES AS OUR WAY OF LIFE, TO ABIDE
BY AND ADHERE TO THE PROVISIONS OF THIS CODE OF ETHICS
WHICH WE HEREBY DO ORDAIN AND PROMULGATE.

ARTICLE I - IDENTITY

Section 1. Constitutional Mandate - The Armed Forces of the Philippines

(AFP) recognizes the Constitution of the Republic as the legitimate expression
of the people's will. It is mandated to serve and protect the people and secure
the sovereignty of the state and the integrity of its national territory from
internal and external threats. In view thereof, the AFP pledges allegiance to
the Filipino people, adheres to the principle of supremacy of civilian authority
over the military at all times and vows to uphold and defend the Constitution.

Section 2. Organization and Chain of Command - The AFP is duly created

by law as an integral part of the Executive Branch of the Government. It is a
well organized and disciplined body composed of a citizen armed force
necessary for the defense and security of the State. It is headed by the
President as the Commander-in-Chief who exercises control, supervision and
authority through a Chain of Command headed by the Chief of Staff.

For operational efficiency and effectiveness, the AFP is presently

composed of three (3) Major Services: the Philippine Army (P A) which
conducts ground combat operations, the Philippine Air Force (PAF) which
secures the Philippine air space and the Philippine Navy (PN) which secures
the Philippine territorial waters. Each service considers the other services as
brothers-in-arms and members of one big family. All AFP services maintain
harmonious and mutually supportive relationship with each other and other
government entities.

Section 3. Commitment, Measures and Standards - The AFP 3hall

maintain a high level of credibility to gain the trust, confidence and respect of
the Filipino people. It shall manifest a high level of competence and standard
of performance in all its undertakings.

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ARTICLE II - AFP HISTORY

Section 1. Historical Perspective - The AFP identifies itself with the Filipino
people's historical struggles for freedom and justice and their vigilance against
any attempt to violate the country's integrity and sovereignty. In retrospect, it
recognizes the role of our forefathers as freedom fighters and honors them for
their democratic and nationalistic aspirations.

The AFP, as the embodiment of the cherished martial values and

traditions of the Filipino people, traces its roots to certain historical events
foremost of which is the Battle of Mactan on 27 April 1521 where Lapu-Lapu,
the acknowledged father of the AFP, first signalled our love for freedom; the
Dagohoy Revolt in 1744, the Muslim resistance and other similar uprisings
against Spanish colonialism manifesting our fight against foreign domination;
the founding of the Katipunan on 07 July 1892 by Andres Bonifacio,
considered as the father of the Philippine Army, who exemplified Filipino
solidarity; the Tejeros Convention on 22 March 1897 which proclaimed
officially our desire for complete Independence and thereafter gave birth to
the Philippine Army. Subsequently, the Philippine Navy was created on 20
May 1898.

On 12 June 1898, the Philippine Independence was declared at Kawit,

Cavite, and for the first time, the Philippine Flag was unfurled by Gen Emilio
Aguinaldo and our National Hymn was played. The Filipino-American
hostilities between 1898 and 1899 further demonstrated the Filipino soldier's
best in terms of honor, valor, loyalty, duty and solidarity despite the
overwhelming superiority of the enemy forces.

To hasten the Philippine campaign on peace and order,. the Philippine

Military Academy was organized on 25 October 1898, followed by the
Philippine Constabulary on 08 August 1901.

On 21 December 1935, the National Defense Act was enacted officially

to create the AFP. The Defense of Bataan and Corregidor from the outbreak.
of World War II until 09 April and 06 May 1942 respectively against the
Japanese invasion forces, the active Philippine guerilla movement and the
successful Anti-Huk campaign also best exemplified the Filipino soldiers
heroism and love of country. The Philippine Air Force was later established on
01 July 1947. Moreover, it is also noteworthy that the AFP had participated in
international peace keeping efforts as its commitment to the United Nations
such as the Philippine Expeditionary Force to Korea (PEFTOK) in the early
50's, the Philippine Air Force Contingent in Congo, Africa in the early 60's and
the Philippine Civic Action Group (PHILCAG) in South Vietnam in the late
60's; After the EDSA event, the AFP has vigorously pursued a national
reconciliation effort for peace and progress.

Section 2. Lessons Learned from the Dark Pages of AFP History - The
AFP recognizes and resolves to correct misdeeds of some of its members
who sacrificed national interest for individual gains, committed graft and
corruption, perpetuated the ill effects of martial law, including the deteriorating

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effect on the AFP and national economy caused by the unsuccessful coup
attempts which betrayed the AFP's tradition of ethical and professional
conduct. These misdeeds tainted the good image of the organization.
Therefore, the AFP, recognizing these shortcomings and misdeeds, vows to
evoke from its members the will to put the interest of the country and the
service above self, to enhance solidarity, to promote professionalism, and to
inculcate vigilance and preparedness against all threats to the Republic.

ARTICLE III- THE AFP CREED AND STAND ON BASIC ISSUES

Section 1. The AFP Core Values - The profession of arms, as a noble

calling, demands from its members not only specialized knowledge and skills
but also a distinct lifestyle governed by a commonly held belief-system
containing nonnegotiable enduring core values of honor, loyalty, valor, duty
and solidarity. This system guides the way members live their lives, perform
their duties, and account for their behavior under all circumstances of peace
and conflict situations. Every member of the AFP shall voluntarily bind himself
to build and sustain his character and life-style with the core values as
foundation, otherwise he shall have no place in the military service.

WE, THEREFORE, EXPRESS THE FOLLOWING CREED:

1.1. We believe in honor as our crowning value as it is more precious

than life itself. It is the hallmark of our military conduct, which implies our clear
consciousness of personal dignity and worth. We associate it with good
reputation, and is the immortal, sacred part of our character, the violation of
which should bring about shame in us and the dignity to impose on ourselves
the requisite restitution.

In peace or war, our word shall be our bond. Thus, to us honor

also means truthfulness, sincerity, honesty, uprightness, credibility and
avoidance of deception, so that our written or spoken word may be accepted
without question. OUT facts shall be identified as facts, and our opinions for
what they are. To us, honor means integrity, for we commit ourselves to live a
modest and decent life. We shall not lie, cheat, steal, violate moral and ethical
codes nor tolerate the violations of same. As honorable soldiers, we shall rise
and live above the frailties of other men in less exacting professions.

Honor demands from us a commitment to also act according to

the other values in this Creed. For it is on the basis of trust and confidence
that all of us shall exist as members of the AFP.

1.2. We believe in unflinching loyalty. Our Oath of Office requires us

to be loyal to our nation and to obey the mandate to support and defend the
Constitution. We shall be obedient to the duly constituted political order. We
shall support the Chain of Command and obey all lawful orders of those
legally appointed over us.

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To us, loyalty, to the unit shall imply that we express in words

and in deeds, strong support to those who lead us, those whom we lead and
all those who serve with us. To us, loyalty enhances dedication and pride in
our unit, fosters cohesion, and promotes sincere concern for the well-being of
our fellow soldiers. It is the best expression of our fidelity to God, our country
and fellowmen, and our adherence to democratic principles, constitutional
mandate and legal authority.

1.3. We believe in valor as the Power and strength. courage and

ability to overcome fear to carry-out our mission and to accomplish what is
seemingly impossible. To us, valor goes beyond the physical dimension of
boldness and endurance to pain and hardships. With this value, we shall have
the moral courage to stand for what is right and persevere to make it difficult
for friends, superiors, peers and comrades alike to do the wrong thing.

We also recognize that the spiritual aspect of valor is shown by

composure, calmness and presence of mind. In situations demanding from us
an act of exceptional bravery, we shall remain ever serene and never allow
ourselves to be taken by surprise. In the heat of battle, we shall maintain
presence of mind, in the presence of menacing danger or death we shall
retain self-control. We shall have benevolence for those who are suffering and
in distress, for the weak, the loser and the vanquished. We shall be polite at
all times for it is the outward manifestation of our self-respect and respect for
others, and in it, we find a reserve of force, which we will tap and unleash only
at the most appropriate times.

1.4. We believe in duty as the value of obedience and disciplined

performance despite difficulty and danger. To us, duty is a personal act of
responsibility manifested by accomplishing all assigned tasks to the fullest of
one's capability, meeting all out commitments and taking opportunities to
improve ourselves for the good of the service. We believe that duty requires
acceptance of responsibility not only for our own actions but also for the
actions of those entrusted to our care. To us, duty subsumes professionalism
and competence which are prerequisites to confidence, pride and esprit-de-
corps. Our units will function effectively when we know and execute our jobs
properly.

We believe that duty is selfless service in which the welfare and

the accomplishment of the mission comes ahead of our individual desires. We
best serve the nation when we resist the temptation to pursue our self-
interest, for the AFP can not function effectively if it becomes merely a
collection of self-serving individuals.

To us, duty is rendering service that demands our willingness to

sacrifice even if it means giving up our lives in defense of our country.

1.5. We believe in solidarity for it is the consolidating and integrating

value to which all of us bind ourselves with the rest of our comrades-in-arms.
With it, we reject divisive fraternal organizations within the AFP. We believe
that a well-trained, well-led military unit shall develop pride and esprit-de-

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corps. Our leaders shall foster esprit-de-corps by ensuring that we will know
the importance of our mission. When we lead others, we shall establish a
strong bond by showing them our personal as well as professional examples
of excellence. For we recognize that our organization as a whole relies on our
ability to do our job to the best of our ability in teamwork with others. Indeed,
solidarity to us is the value that links us in a constantly, self-rectifying,
harmonious and dynamic system bound by the motto: "Maka-Diyos, Maka-
Bansa, Maka-Tao, Maka-Kalikasan".

Section 2. The AFP Stand on Basic Issues - The employment of the AFP in
many areas of national concern which lie beyond the traditional martial role of
the organization, both in the country and abroad, has ushered in a lot of
misunderstandings and confusions not only in the mind of the soldier but also
in that of the ordinary citizen. It is therefore very necessary and important for
the AFP to clearly define its stand on the following issues:

2.1. The AFP Organization - The AFP organization shall be so

designed, structured, staffed and manned as to be able to carry out its
missions and functions effectively through the optimum use of resources. It
shall allow full development and equipage of both active and reserve forces,
and the greater involvement of the citizenry not only in the defense of the
state but also in civil assistance activities during disasters, calamities, and
national emergencies.

2.2. Supremacy of Civilian Authority - The AFP shall at all times

uphold the supremacy of civilian authority over the military. The President as
Commander-in-Chief of all the armed force$ shall exercise command and
control over the armed forces: The AFP shall respect laws enacted by
Congress, enforced writs issued by the judiciary, carry out directives of the
Comelec under circumstances provided by law and subscribe to regulations
enacted by the Commission on Audit concerning the management of funds.

2.3. Chain of Command - The AFP shall follow the chain of

command. Every officer and soldier shall obey the lawful orders of his
immediate superior. Anyone who shall refuse or fail to carry out a lawful order
from the military chain of command shall be subject to military discipline. On
other hand, commanders shall exercise their authority over their subordinates
with prudence and shall accept responsibility for their actions. Command
responsibility shall extend to the level as determined by an appropriate and
competent board.

2.4. Military Leadership - The military leadership shall have ability to

influence members of the organizations in the fulfillment of its roles,
obligations and functions. It shall have a sincere concern towards the morale
and welfare of the members. It shall also be credible and able to promote
opportunities for genuine reconciliation and solidarity for the sake of peace.

2.5. Research and Technology - The AFP shall be the prime mover
of research and technology in the manufacture of armaments and electronic
hardware, in aircraft and shipbuilding and full utilization of indigenous defense
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materiel based on our belief, care and attitude in the preservation,

development and protection of our natural resources.

2.6. People's Support - The AFP firmly acknowledges people's

support as vital to achieving peace and order. Thus, it shall respect living
conditions, beliefs, ways of life, and the totality of the environment of all
sectors to ensure their acceptance of the AFP as their own.

2.7. National Development - The AFP shall be the people's partner in

promoting peace, national development and progress.

2.8. Partisan Politics - The AFP recognizes the sanctity of its

insulation from partisan politics. Its involvement in politics shall be strictly
limited to the exercise of its members' right of suffrage and in ensuring the
security and delivery of ballots to the concerned government entities during
election if and when deputized to do so. The AFP therefore pledges not to
interfere nor be an instrument of any politically motivated activities. AFP
members required to go through the Commission on Appointments shall
conduct themselves honorably, resisting the temptation to resort to behavior
that seeks political favor in exchange for subservience.

2.9. Mass Media - The mass media is an effective vehicle of change

and progress. The AFP shall maintain an "open-media policy." It shall respect
the media's freedom of movement and access to vital sources of information
and freedom of expression limited only by the law on classified information. It
shall develop a positive working relationship with the media in order to
broaden popular understanding, draw appreciation of the national security
programs and seek self-improvement. However, only the CSAFP, Major
Service Commanders and their respective authorized representatives shall be
allowed to make official media releases.

2.10. Spiritual Life - The AFP shall encourage the practice of one's
religious faith for the good of the service. The constitutional provision of the
separation of church and state shall not only allow but shall promote the free
exercise of religion in the AFP.

2.11. Family Life - The AFP shall recognize that its members are
human beings with the same family obligations as other people. It shall
therefore support activities that will strengthen husband-wife, parents-children
and family-community relationships; provide facilities conducive to a
wholesome home and community life and protect military dependents
especially minors, from exploitation and drug abuse.

2.12. Democracy - The AFP adheres to the principle of democracy

that the government is of the people, by the people and for the people. The
real power and authority in the governance of the nation emanates from its
citizens. The AFP recognizes its role to protect the people and asserts its
rights to participate in democratic processes in which it is legally allowed to do
so, but it shall never allow itself to be used to subvert the sovereign will of the
majority neither would it lend its power to stifle the rights of the minority.

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2.13. National Interest - Foremost in the mind of the AFP shall be the
realization that national interest serves the common good of the citizenry. This
shall be the overriding factor to which the AFP fully commits itself in all
missions it shall undertake.

2.14. Peace - Peace is a priceless gift to mankind which connotes

freedom from any hostilities such as political, social and economic ills. It is the
tranquility, orderliness and harmony among people based on justice. The AFP
as the vanguard of peace shall ensure its preservation, restoration and
enhancement, for change and development can only be attained through
peaceful environment.

2.15. War - War is defined as the use of organized military force by a

state to achieve its ends against the physical opposition of a hostile state or
states. War in developing countries, however, has gained a new dimension as
wholistic and total approach to the solution of socio-political conflicts. War is
resorted to only when all peaceful means shall have failed and no other option
is left to resolve the conflict.

The AFP thus prefers peace to war. Hence, it strongly

support any activity or program geared towards reconciliation But in the
conduct: of ,war, the AFP shall be able and willing to perform hazardous
missions with the right use of force, the least 1oss of lives, and' the swiftest
favorable outcome. It shall maintain a high state of readiness through
sustained training and updating of its logistical needs to ensure victory.

The AFP shall be always 'ready to defend and suppress

any external or internal threats; It must be vigilant without being oppressive

2.16. Use of Armed Force - The AFP shall exercise the utmost
restraint and precaution in the use of armed force to implement policies. If the
use of arms is inevitable, it must be sanctioned by the duly established
political system using only reasonable force as 'necessary to fulfill its mission.
It shall be directed only against the enemies of the state, not against innocent
civilians nor non-combatants, and most of all not against its own people and
government.

2.17. Social Justice - The AFP shall subscribe to the promotion of

social justice. It shall understand that the humanization of laws, adoption of
legal measures towards the equalization of social and economic forces, are
means to maintain equilibrium of relationships in the community.

2.18. Human Rights - The AFP shall respect the inherent dignity of a
human being and his inalienable rights as contained in the "Universal
Declaration of Human Rights" and other declarations to which our country is a
signatory. As such the AFP shall pledge itself to protect and promote these
rights.

2.19. Enemies of the State - The AFP shall consider as enemies of

the state those who shall violate the sovereignty of the Philippines as an
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independent and a democratic state; those who shall subscribe to violence as

a means to achieve their ends and those who do not adhere to the
internationally accepted principles of peace, equality, justice, freedom and
friendship; those who shall not accept the supremacy of civilian authority over
the military; those who shall dismember the country or any part thereof; those
who shall foment chaos and disorder and obstruct the achievement of the
common good; those who shall engage in organized crimes that threaten the
security of the state~ and those who shall organize the populace for the
purpose of alienating their allegiance from the state.

The AFP shall control and suppress the enemies of the

state and in coordination with other government agencies, shall try to bring
them back to the mainstream of society through rehabilitation. It shall treat the
enemies of the state according to the laws of the land.

2.20. Principled Critiques/Cause-Oriented Groups - The AFP shall not

stifle dissent or label the principled critiques and/or cause-oriented groups as
threats to national security and/or enemies of the state as dissent and
opposition are important features to ensure a healthy and dynamic
democracy.

Article IV - AFP Membership

Section 1. General Statement - The AFP members make up the most

important asset of all the organization's resources. Efforts shall, therefore, be
exerted to attract only the best qualified and most deserving, in order to
maintain the high standards set forth in this Code.

The AFP membership is composed of the Commissioned Officers and

the enlisted personnel.

Section 2. Procurement System - The AFP shall adopt an efficient system

of procurement that shall ensure uniform and strict implementation of
established policies and procedures in order to upgrade the quality of its
members. Extreme care must be made in the setting of criteria that shall not
discriminate skilled and/or gifted applicants. Procurement of personnel shall
be proportionately taken from all regions of the archipelago in order to have
an equitable regional representation nationwide.

Section 3. Membership Qualifications - The following shall be the

minimum criteria in the selection of applicants:

3.1. Commissioned Officers Granted by the President of the

Philippines of a commission and rank appropriate to his/her line and expertise
after meeting all the following requirements:

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3.1.1. Must be a natural born citizen, of good moral character,

physically and mentally fit and within the age brackets prescribed by AFP
regulations.

3.1.2. Must at least be a Baccalaureate Degree holder.

3.1.3. Must have gone through at least the basic commissioned

officer's training in any of the service schools here and abroad or in any
private or public educational institution duly authorized to conduct said
training.

3.1.4. Must have attained an above average IQ rating in the

AFP Aptitude Test Battery prepared and administered in accordance with AFP
Regulations.

3.2. Enlisted Personnel.

3.2.1. Must be a natural born citizen of good moral character,

physically and mentally fit, single, and within the age bracket of from 18 to 26
years of age;

3.2.2. Must have earned-at least 72 units in college or its

equivalent.

3.2.3. Must have attained an average IQ rating in the general

military classification test prepared and administered in accordance with AFP
regulations.

3.2.4. Must be of a minimum height as set forth in AFP

regulations.

Section 4. Education and Training - It shall be the responsibility of both the

AFP an organization and every member of the AFP as individuals for the
purpose of enhancing proficiency in the service. Where there will be conflict
between the organization and the individual's need, the exigency of the
service shall prevail.

The thrust of military education and training shall include the continued
build-up and sustenance of the core values of honor, loyalty, valor, duty and
solidarity and the maintenance of professionalism in the organization.

For the purpose of career development and advancement, no

commissioned officer or enlisted personnel shall be assigned to any AFP unit
without first undergoing the proper orientation and basic training being
conducted by appropriate AFP training schools.

Section 5. Retention of the Service - Reserve officers in the active service,

not covered by Executive Order 79 who wish to remain in the AFP and whose
performance qualify them for retention in the service shall signify their
intention in a duly endorsed Personnel Action Form. This provision shall be
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rendered inoperative as soon as integration of reserve and regular officers in

one seniority list by major services shall have been implemented in
accordance with Section 12.8 of Article VII.

Enlisted personnel shall be retained in the service after serving three

years through a reenlistment requirements provided by AFP regulations,
unless amended.

Section 6. Promotion - The AFP shall offer equal opportunities for its
members of all ranks and specialties to develop their potentials. But only the
best qualified and most deserving can be assured of promotion and be
guaranteed a progressive military career.

Promotion of officers shall be open and limited only to those who fully
satisfy the criteria of seniority, competence, standard of accomplishment and
soundness of character. A competitive promotional written and physical
examination for each grade shall be administered to help determine the best
qualified for promotion. Subjective criterion for selection like career reputation
shall have limited equivalent weight in order to avoid abuse of discretion or
influence of popularity on decisions.

Enlisted personnel shall be promoted according to the standardized

criteria similar to that for officers set forth by AFP regulations. Meritorious
promotion shall be awarded to th08e qualified, but limited only up to the grade
of E-7 (MSg).

Section 7. Retirement, Separation, Benefits - All AFP personnel are given

the opportunity to serve the AFP until their optional or compulsory retirement
in accordance with existing rules and regulations.

Separation of military personnel shall only be either by voluntary

decision on their part or separation for cause. Grounds for separation shall
include illegal and immoral acts, and inefficiency as determined by an
appropriate board. In the case of officers, being twice deferred in promotion
shall also cause their separation from the service.

Benefits provided by law for services rendered shall be given fully to

military personnel upon their retirement or honorable separation. Claims for
benefits shall be attended to expeditiously by cognizant offices.

Section 8. Death and Disability Benefits - An AFP personnel and/or his

heirs shall be entitled to all benefits relative to the death or permanent
incapacity of said personnel, as provided for under pertinent laws.

Article V - Military Professionalism

Section 1. General Statement - The members of the AFP are public servants
who are oath-bound to fulfill the lofty mandate of the Constitution. The

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peculiarity of military service which requires the right to bear arms calls for a
corresponding assurance of professionalism from every military man.

Section 2. Professionalism - The expert application of specialized skills

based on an organized body of knowledge and in accordance with laws
and/or Code of Ethics with the highest degree of excellence in the
accomplishment of the mission.

Section 3. Standards of Military Professionalism - Every member of the

AFP shall observe the following as guidelines in the discharge of their official
duties:

3.1. Standard of Loyalty - all military personnel shall be loyal and

true to the Republic of the Philippines, the Constitution, the AFP and to the
people at all times. They shall obey the duly constituted authority and abide
by laws, legal orders, good morals, good customs, and promote order and
public safety.

3.2. Standard of Competence all military personnel must possess the

knowledge, skill, physical attributes and character traits necessary to attain
outstanding performance of duty and accomplishment of the mission.

3.3. Standard of Ethics - The military community is a part of a larger

society - the Filipino society. Hence, every military personnel must observe
and conform to the accepted principles of right conduct being observed in the
society of which he/she is a part. Among these principles of right behavior
expected in Philippine society and other civilized societies are honesty,
justice, truthfulness and concern for others. Honesty should be practiced in all
dealings with persons and material resources. Military personnel shall render
service to everyone regardless of his status in life. His/her word is taken on
face value because he is not supposed to tell a lie. He/She should show
concern for the well-being of others to include enemies who have surrendered
or have been captured. He/She should be a trusted steward of resources
under his care.

3.4. Standard of Morals - Man is a rational being. Man is also a

moral being who is given the capacity to determine what is right and do it and
what is wrong and avoid it. In a society, there are accepted practices, customs
and traditions which are necessary in the ordering of community such as
respect for elders and authority, fidelity to an oath and/or vow.

It is therefore expected of a soldier to respect his superiors,

peers and subordinates. He must be faithful to his pledge as a soldier to serve
his country above self. When married, helshe must be faithful and true to
his/her vow of fidelity to wife/husband. He must not only protect his personal
honor but that of others as well. Transparency and openness must
characterize the dealings/transactions of every soldier. However, in such
situation, he must not lose sight of the fact that there are certain
matters/information which must be safeguarded because they involve the
security of state.
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Section 4. Unprofessional Acts - Behaviors that fall short of the professional

standard set forth in this Code are considered unprofessional acts.
Specifically, the following constitute offenses falling under this category:

4.1. Acts of Disloyalty - Acts or omissions betraying one's faith, duty

and commitment to God, country, people, Constitutional government, AFP
chain of command, unit or office and its mission. The following are examples:

4.1.1. Any form of cowardice, desertion or abandonment

of post, duty, assignment without leave and with the intent not to return for
any reason; or advising, aiding a deserter to commit such acts, or entertaining
him without informing the latter's commander or unit, such as: when an officer,
who having tendered his resignation and prior due notice of its acceptance,
quits his post or duties without leave and with intent to absent himself
permanently; when an enlisted personnel, without first having received a
regular discharge, again enlists in the AFP or in any foreign armed forces;
when he quits his organization or place of duty with the intent to avoid
hazardous duty or to shirk important service; or abandons his post; or advises
or aids another to desert, or entertains a deserter;

4.1.2. Contempt or disrespect by words or deeds towards

the Commander in-Chief and appropriate civilian authorities, one's superior
officers or non-commissioned officers, such as when one uses contemptuous
or disrespectful words; behaves with disrespect; neglects customary salute;
exhibits undue familiarity, marked disdain, indifference, insolence,
impertinence; displays other rudeness in the presence of a superior officer;
commits character assassination; bypasses chain of command or
usurps/deprives authority; or prevents superior officers in the lawful exercise
of their functions without reasonable justification; strikes a superior officer;
draws or lifts any weapon against a superior; offers any violence against a
superior; willfully disobeys any lawful command of a superior; strikes or
assaults an NCO; attempts or threatens to strike or assault an NCO; willfully
disobeys the lawful order of an NCO; uses threatening or insulting language;
behaves in an insubordinate or disrespectful manner toward an NCO;

4.1.3. Any attempt to create, or participate in any violent

action against the duly constituted government, or its subdivisions, agencies
and instrumentalities, or engaging in any mutiny or sedition in any company,
party, post, camp, detachment, or other command, such as when one
conspires and proposes to commit treason; misprision of treason; coup-de-
etat; attempts to create a mutiny or sedition; begins or joins in a mutiny or
sedition; causes or excites a mutiny or sedition;

4.1.4. Giving or attempting to give aid, protection,

comfort, information, or any form of support to the enemy or his allies or
fronts, such as when one relieves the enemy with arms, ammunitions,
supplies, money or other things; knowingly harbors or protects an enemy;
corresponds with the enemy; gives intelligence to the enemy; discloses

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classified information; causes a prisoner to escape through design; or

espionage;

4.1.5. Refusal to execute duty or take appropriate action

during times of crisis such as siege, uprising, mutiny and similar occurrences
for a perceived personal advantage, such as: fence-sits or is an opportunist
indicative of indecision or neutrality with respect to conflicting situations; when
a subordinate compels or attempts to compel a commander to surrender,
refuses to obey or to do his duty, or to participate in any measure of defense;

4.2. Acts of Incompetence - Refer to the lack of the required

knowledge, skills, physical attributes and character traits necessary for the
adequate performance of duty and accomplishment of mission. The following
are examples:

4.2.1. Failure to attain the minimum passing grade in any

AFP training and education program.

4.2.2. Inability to meet the physical, medical, mental and

moral fitness test requirements of the service.

4.2.3. Apathy, indifference, or half-heartedness towards

duty; or the imprudent or negligent execution thereof, such as; failure to report
on time to the properly appointed place of duty; leaving one's place of duty
without proper leave; absenting oneself from one's command, guard, quarters,
station, or camp without proper leave; failure to do one's utmost to suppress
mutiny or sedition, failure to give information of mutiny or sedition; refusal to
receive or keep a prisoner committed to his charge; misbehaving before the
enemy; running away from the enemy; shamefully abandoning or delivering
up any command; endangering the safety of any command by any
misconduct, disobedience, or neglect; speaking words inducing others to
misbehave, run away, or abandon or deliver up or endanger the safety of any
command; casting away arms or ammunition; quitting one's post or colors to
plunder or pillage; causing false alarms; refusing to engage the enemy in
combat; displaying acts of cowardice; making known the
watchword/passwords! countersigns to persons not entitled to receive it;
giving a watchword/password/ countersign different from that received;
neglecting to secure captured property; wrongfully appropriating captured
property; failure to give notice to proper authorities of captured property;
failure to turn over such property without delay when the same comes to his
possession; selling or wrongfully disposing of military property; being drunk on
duty; misbehaving as sentinel; committing any kind of depredations or riots;
committing any wastes or spoilings; willfully destroying property; refusing or
omitting to see reparations made; using reproachful speech or gesture; using
provoking speech or gesture; disorders and neglects prejudicial to good order
and military discipline; conduct of a nature bringing discredit upon the military
service; disregard of policies, regulations, or directives; bypassing the chain of
command; improper display of insignia, awards and .decorations; disregard of
military customs and protocol; dereliction and negligence of duty; malingering;
allowing a prisoner to escape through neglect; refusing or willfully neglecting
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to deliver over an accused person; refusing or willfully neglecting to aid

officers of justice in apprehending and securing an accused person.

4.3. Unethical Acts - Refer to all acts or omissions which deviate

from established and accepted ethical and moral standards of behavior and
performance as set forth in this Code: The following are examples:

4.3.1. Directly or indirectly engaging oneself in outside

employment or business sidelines using government time, unless authorized
by proper authority.

4.3.2. Arrogance in words, ways and deeds including, but not

limited to, unnecessary use or display of firearms or uniforms or unwarranted
assertion of rank, position or authority.

4.3.3. Allowing any wrongdoing or irregularity in the military

service or refusing or failing to take action thereon or to report same to the
appropriate authorities.

4.3.4. Occupying other positions in concurrent capacity to obtain

influence, privileges, honoraria and other benefits incidental to said position.

4.3.5."Lobbying” for any favor; including but not limited to

promotions, assignments, positions and other privileges personally or through
other persons

4.3.6. Any act of circumventing AFP. rules, regulations circulars

directives for purposes of procurement, promotion; schooling, assignment,
awards and decorations to the damage or prejudice of any, applicant or
member of the AFP committed by any member of a board, committee or
office, created for the purposes mentioned.

4.3.7 Allowing/tolerating spouses and dependents to interfere

meddle in official functions.

4.3.8. Fornication (i.e., Adultery, Concubinage, Homosexuality,

Lesbianism, Pedophilia, etc).

4.3.9. Engaging in vices including but not limited to excessive

gambling, womanizing, excessive drinking of intoxicating liquor, use of
prohibited drugs and the like.

4.3.10. Sexual Harassment is defined as: 1) Influencing, offering

to influence, or threatening the career, pay or job of a person in exchange for
sexual favors. 2) Deliberate, repeated offensive comments, gestures or
physical contact of sexual nature in a work or work-related environment.

4.3.11. Forum Shopping - Filing of charges to different

investigative agencies thus resulting to disregarding the AFP Chain of
Command.

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4.3.12. Airing Grievances/Seeking to. Redress Grievances -

Directly or indirectly seeking redress of grievances through the use of tri-
media that will destroy the image of the AFP.

4.4. Corrupt Acts - All acts or omissions described and characterized

as crimes against public interest, public morals, property, chastity, civil status
of persons, and honor under the pertinent provisions of the Revised Penal
Code and those specifically mentioned in Republic Acts Nos. 3019 and 6713
and other special penal laws, including the Articles of War, AFP Rules,
regulations and directives which involve dishonesty, injustice and immorality,
committed by any military personnel in connection with his office, position,
rank or influence to obtain material gain or personal interest or advantage,
causing damage to any party including the government. The following are
examples:

4.4.1. Any form of conversion, sale, application or use of

government funds or properties other than what they are intended for
including, but not limited to POL allocations, firearms, ammunitions and other
supplies.

4.4.2. Any form of manipulation of unit or individual funds

including, but not limited to maintenance and operating expenses (MOE),
project money, pay and allowances, remittances to GSIS, RSBS, PAG-IBIG
and the like.

4.4.3. Any participation in or toleration of rigged bidding.

4.4.4. Falsification/alteration of records/documents to justify

unwarranted acquisition or disposal/sale of government equipment to favor
any party including himself.

4.4.5. Allowing/tolerating military spouses and dependents or

dummies to deal or participate in any form of transactions with the AFP
including but not limited to bid dings and the like.

4.4.6. Utilization/disposition/employment of AFP personnel

including but not limited to family/personal drivers, houseboys, security guards
and the like.

4.4.7. Utilization/disposition/employment of AFP material

resources for personal/family use including but not limited to vehicles, office
supplies, POL products and the like.

4.4.8. Receiving/accepting/demanding or insinuating to receive

gifts in any form on any occasion.

Section 5. Penalties and Administrative Sanctions - The penalties for the

foregoing disloyal, incompetent, unethical and corrupt acts mentioned in this
Code shall be those which are provided in the Revised Penal Code, the
Articles of War, Special Laws and pertinent AFP rules and regulations. The
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investigations, prosecutions and punishment of the offenders shall not be

waived or condoned.

Article VI - AFP Customs and Traditions

Section 1. General Statement - The continued use of desirable practices

long accepted by our predecessors provides a reserve of strength that can not
be obtained from new approaches that still require testing. Customs that are
cherished provide a simplification of lifestyles and serve to inspire us to
emulate our honorable predecessors.

Section 2. Definition of Terms.

2.1. Traditions - are inherited principles, standards and practices that

serve as guide for individuals or groups. Traditions are accumulated
experiences and deeds passed on from generation to generation.

2.2. Customs - are accepted practice realized through continued

usage that take the force and effect of a common law.

Section 3. Military Traditions - The following are the significant military

traditions:

3.1. Tradition of Valor-The Filipino soldiers have epitomized valor

during their galant defense of Tirad Pass, Bataan, Corregidor, and other
countless battles against foreign enemy forces. General Gregorio del Pilar,
the hero of Tirad Pass, paid tribute to Filipino soldiery when he declared: "I
bow to the terrible destiny' that defeats me and my brave men but I'm glad to
die fighting for my country".

3.2. Tradition of Duty - The Filipino soldier has exemplified himself

throughout history as a dedicated public servant who performed his tasks with
a deep sense of responsibility and self-sacrifice by making himself available at
all times whenever situation demands.

3.3. Tradition of Honor - General Artemio Ricarte, the first

recognized Captain General, as well as the other founding fathers of the AFP
during those difficult times have exemplified the value of Honor by leading a
life of personal dignity and self• worth in time of peace or in war.

3.4. Tradition of Solidarity - The strongest, most enduring and

powerful military tradition that bound the soldiers in oneness to the people
they serve. In every endeavor the Filipino soldier has undertaken, he always
worked as part of the team and ally in the accomplishment of the mission, an
indispensable partner of the people whose support he treasures as vital in the
attainment of national objectives.

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3.5. Tradition of Loyalty - The Filipino soldier has held the respect of
the nation by shedding blood and offering the supreme sacrifice in defense of
the country. He has given consistently his loyalty to God, country, people and
the AFP Chain of Command.

Section 4. Military Customs - The following are some of the significant

customs in the AFP:

4.1. Salute - Men of arms execute salute as an exchange of

greeting, courtesy and respect among themselves.

4.2. Flag Raising Ceremony The Filipino soldier honors the flag by
raising it before the start of the official day's work to pledge that all his efforts
for the day is dedicated to God, country and people.

4.3. The Retreat Ceremony - The sounds of the evening gun during
a combined ceremonial parade and retreat ceremony constit'lte one ofthe
inspiring customs of the service. Military personnel in camps or garrisons
pause for a moment either to salute the Nation's' Flag or sing the National
Anthem.

4.4. The Three Volleys Over Graves - This is a sign of respect and
gesture tendered to a departed comrade-in-arms.

4.5. The White Flag of Truce - A worldwide custom used to signal

the temporary cessation of hostilities between warring parties.

4.6. The Wearing of Decorations - Military personnel who honorably

earned decorations in the performance of duty, displays them as part of the
uniform during appropriate occasions.

4.7. The Raising of the Right Hand in Taking Oath - The taking of
oath for truth of statement of testimony has always been solemn and serious
matter accompanied by ceremony. In essence, the taker of the oath calls
upon his God to bear witness that the truth would be told.

4.8. Courtesy of the Post - An officer of any of the armed services

visiting at a military post or one who resides in its vicinity is often extended the
"Courtesy of the Post" by the commanding officer after the prescribed official
call has been made. This may include the privilege of accommodation-at the
Officer's Club and Officer's Mess if the visit is of short duration and the
privilege of membership, if the stay in the vicinity is extended.

4.9. Presentation of Recruits to Colors - In all recruiting units, it is a

ceremony in which recruits are presented to the colors for the purpose of
signifying acceptance and welcome into the organization.

4.10. Welcome/Farewell Tendered to a Newly Assigned/Departing

Officer - A newly assigned officer is tendered a welcome party while prior to
the departure of an officer from his station on a change of assignment, a
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farewell party is tendered. Other suitable unit function is usually given by the
unit's officers and ladies in honor of the newly assigned/departing officer and
his family. When pressure of work prohibits this nicety, a "Happy Hour" or a
simple get together takes its place. The same is extended to selected senior
key NCO. and Petty Officers.

4.11. Ceremony Tendered to a Retiree - This is tendered to a military

retiree in recognition of his long, faithful and honorable service to the AFP.

4.12. Pipe Calls, Trumpet or Bugle Calls. Pipe, trumpet or bugle calls
add more distinction and excitement to the regimented life of military
personnel. As the day to day activities unfold, the sound of these calls
rejuvenate every system of his body to continue performing the things as
signalled by each call.

4.13. Courtesy Calls - The following are some of the significant

courtesy calls in the military:

4.13.1. An officer who has been detailed outside of and is

rejoining his major service or has been reassigned to units outside his Major
Service customarily calls on his Major Service Commander.

4.13.2. Upon arrival or prior to departure, officers from overseas

missions or foreign schooling pay a call to their respective Major Service
Commanders. It is also appropriate for officers assuming foreign posts or
coming back from such assignments to call on the Chief of Staff and the
Secretary of National Defense.

4.13.3. Officers assuming command positions or similar key

positions call on their immediate commanders, including Major Service
Commanders. They do the same prior to a transfer or relief from duty.

4.13.4. Newly promoted officers customarily call on their Major

Service Commanders. This is usually done in groups of the same rank.

4.13.5. In some cases, senior officers who are the subject of all
these calls may be extremely busy to attend or receive callers. It is always a
sign of courtesy and goodwill to have manifested an intention to pay such a
call.

4.14. Call of Newly Promoted Generals/Flag Officers - Officers

promoted to star ranks call on the Major Service Commanders, Chief of Staff,
AFP and the Secretary of National Defense after taking their oath of office
before the Commander-in-Chief. Calls on the Major Service Commanders are
usually accompanied by some form of arrival and departure honors.

4.15. New Year's Call on the Commander Officer - It has been an

invariable custom throughout the AFP that officers make a formal call upon
their Commander during New Year's Day.

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4.16. Happy Hour - This is special form of unit officer comradeship

which has been developing and spreading in recent years. When this is
directed, officers gather at their local club for a beer and conversation. Usually
held on Fridays, the growing calls for a light hearted jesting about the events
of the week, or airing a minor gripe, and blowing off a little steam, it may also
be a time to slip in a judicious request for a pass or even to inquire about
taking a leave. Behavior and activities conform strictly to the moral and ethical
standards set forth in this Code.

4.17. Military Weddings - These customs are generally the same for
all faiths. They vary only as chaplains of the different churches incorporate
other procedures to add to their color and tone.

4.18. Patronage of the Officers' Club and EP's Club Houses - This
custom enables officers and EP to spend their off-duty social and recreational
life in said centers.

4.19. Ceremonies at Holiday Dinners - This is the practice on

Christmas and New Year's Day, in which Commanding Officers visit troops
during meal time or prior to the serving of the meal. The method varies rather
widely.

4.20. Christmas Holiday Entertainment - This is another practice on

Christmas, in which children of the organization are given gifts and
entertained. This is jointly organized by the Chaplain, Special Service Officer
or Ladies Club with the band present.

4.21. Rank Has Its Privileges - Whenever a choice is to be made,

such as selection of billets or quarters or electing means of transportation, the
option of selection follows rank, with the senior given the privilege to select
first.

4.22. Visiting the Sick - A military personnel who is sick in the hospital
is visited by available officers and enlisted personnel of the unit in such
number as may be permitted by the doctor or surgeon-in-charge. An officer or
soldier of his unit visits him in order that his needs are attended to.

4.23. Survivor Assistance to Bereaved Family - When any member of

a unit dies, an officer is immediately designated by the commanding officer to
render every possible assistance to the bereaved family. A family courtesy
may be tendered, if desired, in the case of a death of a member of any
personnel's family.

4.24. "1 Wish" and "I Desire" Statement - When the commanding
officer states, "I wish," or "I desire" rather than "I order that you do such and
such, this wish or desire has all the force of a direct order.

4.25. Place of Honor - The place of honor is on one's right. When a

junior walks, rides, or sits with a senior, he takes position abreast to the left of
the senior.
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4.26. Use of the Word "Sir" - The word "Sir" is used in military
conversation by the junior officer in addressing a senior, and by all soldiers in
addressing officers. It precedes a report, a query, and follows the answer of a
question.

Article VII - General Provisions

Section 1. Legal Force - This Code of Ethics shall be guided by the

provisions of the Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines, Articles of
War, Revised Penal Code, RA 6713 (Ethical Standards of Public Officials and
Employees), RA 3019 (Anti-Graft Practices Act), RA 6869 (Anti Coup d'etat
Act) and other special laws.

Section 2. Moral Force - All members of the Armed Forces of the Philippines
in the implementation of this Code shall be morally bound by the Divine Laws,
Oath of Office, AFPO Customs and Traditions, AFP Code of Conduct and
AFPR as amended.

Section. 3. Compliance - In order to ensure compliance with the provisions

of this Code, the following shall be observed:

3.1. All members of the Armed Forces of the Philippines shall take
upon themselves that the intent and spirit of this Code is upheld at all times.

3.2. Commanders shall set the example and' be responsible in the

implementation of the Code.

3.3. There shall be an OESPA created to be headed by the Vice

Commanders for the Maj Svcs, Dep Comdrs for the Area Comds and
AFPWSSUs, Asst Div Comdrs for the Inf Div, Bde Dep and Ex-O for the Inf
Bdes, and Bn Ex-O for the Inf Bns or its equivalent in the Navy and Air Force
to spearhead the effective promotion of the program of action for the
institutionalization of the Code.

3.4. The Chaplains, as advisers of Commanders on matters of

morality and religious life, while setting the example, shall actively participate
and assist in the internalization of the Code.

3.5. All members of the AFP should take oath that they will abide by
this Code and it shall form part of their military personnel file (MPF).

Section 4. Dissemination - The following shall be followed to ensure

effective dissemination and inculcate awareness:

4.1. This Code shall be included in the curricula of all AFP courses
and training programs including CAT and CMT/ROTC.

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4.2. It shall be incorporated in the Constitution and by-laws of

associations recognized within the AFP.

4.3. The entrance examination for prospective applicants of AFP

membership, as well as, the AFP promotional examinations shall include
questions that shall enhance knowledge and appreciation of this Code to
ensure sustained dissemination and promotion.

4.4. The provisions of this Code shall be taken up during TI & E

sessions. Every member of the AFP shall sign a certification that he/she has
read and understood the provision of this Code every 11th day of October,
which is AFPCOE Day. The certification will form part of his/her MPF.

4.5. Before any officer will be designated to occupy a key position,

he/she should have undergone a seminar on the Code of Ethics.

4.6. Knowledge of the Code should be a requirement for promotion

to the next higher grade for all officers and enlisted personnel.

Section 5. Functional Creed derived from this Code shall serve as a mode
for implementation and better appreciation in respective fields of interest.

Section 6. Investigation Procedure - The following shall be followed to

expedite the disposition of cases against violators of this Code:

6.1. All offenses committed by any person subject to military law

shall be investigated and tried/proceeded against in accordance with the
provisions of A W 71, Sec. 35 (a) of the Manual for Courts-Martial and PDs 77
and 911.

6.2. If the offense referred to in the preceding paragraph is

committed by any person subject to military law in conspiracy with any civilian,
the case of the civilian shall be segregated from his correspondent in
accordance with the procedure prescribed in PD Nr. 1850, as amended, and
its implementing rules and regulations; provided, however, that if the civilian
co-respondent waives the civil court jurisdiction, the Chief of Staff, AFP at his
own initiative or upon recommendation of the pre-trial investigating officer or
by the court itself, shall secure the necessary Presidential waiver so that the
case of the civilian can be investigated and tried by the proper military court;

6.3. If the offense consists of acts and omissions which can be

disposed administratively without the need of court-martial intervention, the
conduct of the investigation shall be that which is prescribed in AW 105, as
amended, or in EO Nr. 337 dated 13 September 1988 or in the other pertinent
AFP rules and regulations whichever is applicable;

6.4. f in the course of the investigation of the corrupt and unethical

practice committed by any person subject to military law, it appears that his
commission of the offense resulted to his acquisition of property considered to

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have been unlawfully acquired as specified in RA 1379, the disposition of the

unlawfully acquired property shall be that which is prescribed in said law;

6.5. Notwithstanding the provision of the preceding paragraphs, in all

cases filed with the Office of the Military Ombudsman, the conduct of
investigation shall be that which is prescribed in the Rules of Procedure of the
Office of the Ombudsman.

6.6. Duty and Obligation of the Commanding Officer - If the offense

committed is punishable by not less than six (6) months imprisonment, it is
mandatory upon the Commanding Officer or in his absence his duly
authorized representative to place the erring personnel of his command under
arrest or confinement for such period of time as may be deemed necessary
but not to exceed the imposable penalty. In other cases, the Commanding
Officer or his duly authorized representative must be responsible for the
appearance of the erring personnel before any authorities whenever his
presence is required. Failure on the part of the officer concerned to comply
with his mandatory duty and obligation shall constitute either corrupt unethical
practice or obligation shall constitute either' corrupt unethical practice or act of
incompetence for which he shall be dealt with accordingly.

6.7. Disposition of the Accused Awaiting Trial- Upon receipt by the

convening authority of the written charges against the accused and to ensure
his appearance in court, it is mandatory for the said convening authority to
assign to or place in confinement said accused in the place where the trial is
to be conducted, otherwise his non-compliance herewith shall be considered
and dealt with in accordance with the preceding paragraph;

Section 7. Penalties and Administrative Sanctions - The penalties for the

commission of acts/practices mentioned in this Code shall be that which is
provided for in the Revised Penal Code or in the Articles of War. If the offense
is not punishable either under the Revised Penal Code or in the Articles of
War, then the penalties prescribed by the law violated shall be applied. For
acts or omissions which merely require administrative sanctions, the
applicable punishments as provided for in A W 105, as amended, and the
provisions of EO Nr 337, s-‘88 shall be applied.

Section 8. Amnesty or Compromise - In order to instill discipline and to

serve as deterrence to would-be violators, commission of the acts/practices
mentioned in this Code are not subject to compromise, amicable settlement or
amnesty. All defenders shall be investigated, prosecuted and punished if
found guilty in accordance with existing rules and regulations.

Section 9. Amendment - Any amendment to or revision of this code maybe

proposed in a convention or committee formed for the purpose, the
representation or membership of which shall be taken from various branches
of service or sectors of the AFP. No amendment shall be valid unless it is
ratified by the majority of the members of the AFP.

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Section 10. Appropriations - The fund allocation necessary for the effective
implementation of this Code shall be taken from appropriations of the Office of
Ethical Standards and Public Accountability (OESPA). Thereafter, such fund
allocation as may be needed for its continued implementation shall be
included in the annual operating program and budget (OPB) of the Major
Services.

Section 11. Public Accountability - A military member, aware of his

responsibility to render just and fair service to the people and the state, shall
adhere to the Rule of Conscience and policy of transparency.

Section 12. Miscellaneous - There shall be a sustained effort to improve this

Code of Ethics in the following functional areas of concern:

12.1. Research on alternative culture based on signs, symbols

indigenous to the AFP customs and traditions.

12.2. Strengthen and reorient activities on historical recordings and

interpretations of contemporary events.

12.3. A human resource development program shall be undertaken by

the AFP to ensure strict compliance of values and standards of the AFP
among the members.

12.4. The organizational structures of the AFP shall reinforce values

and standards of this Code.

12.5. Effective monitoring system shall be designed and

institutionalized to improve personnel behavioral development and creed/core
value formation.

12.6. Research and development of ethical standards consistent to

performance standards and professionalism shall be vigorously pursued.

12.7. In case of conflict in the execution of customs and traditions, the

principle of functionality shall supersede formality and formality shall be
supportive of functionality.

12.8. The AFP shall continuously upgrade the criteria in the

procurement of commissioned officers and maintain a single Seniority Lineal
List by major services and/or technical and administrative services as basis
for promotion, schooling and assignment. Graduating students/cadets of
military/civilian training institutions preparing to apply for commission and
other aspirants in the Armed Forces of the Philippines shall be required to
take the revised AFP Aptitude Test Battery to determine their suitability for
commission.

12.9 The AFP Modernization Program shall be implemented

consistent with the appropriate provisions of the AFP Code of Ethics.

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Section 13. Separability Clauses - If any provision of this Code or the

application of such provision to any person or circumstance is declared
invalid. the remainder of the Code or the application of such provision to other
persons or circumstances shall not be affected by such declaration.

Section 14. Rescission - Existing rule£: and regulations, procedures and

policies shall be updated and harmonized with the spirit and intent of this
Code.

Section 15. Effectivity - This Code shall be effective thirty (30) days after the
ratification by the majority of all members of the Armed Forces of the
Philippines in a referendum called for this purpose, except provisions that will
require relevant legislation.

MILITARY PROFFESSIONALISM

"MEN WHO ADOPT the profession of arms submit of their

own free will to a law of perpetual constraint. Of their own accord,
they reject their right to live where they choose, to say what they
think, to dress as they like. From the moment they become soldiers, it
needs but an order to settle them in this place, to move them to that,
to separate them from their family and dislocate their normal lives. In
the world of command, they must rise, march, run, endure bad
weather, go without sleep or food, be isolated in some distant post,
work until they drop. They have ceased to be the master of their fate.
If they drop in their tracks, if their ashes are scattered to the four
winds, that is all part and parcel of their job".

CHARLES DE GAULLE

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PANUNUMPA SA KODIGO NG ETIKA

AKO SI, __________________________________________

NG SANDATAHANG LAKAS NG PILIPINAS, NA
NAGSUSUMAMO NG KALIWANAGAN AT TULONG NG
DAKILANG MAYKAPAL, AY TAIMTIM NA NANUNUMPA,
NA AKING IPAGTATANGGOL AT IPAGSASANGALANG,
ANG MGA NILALAMAN AT ADHIKAIN NG KODIGO NG
ETIKA NG SANDATAHANG LAKAS NG PILIPINAS, AT
ISINASABALIKAT KO SA AKING SARILI NA MAMUHAY
NG NAAAYON SA MGA ALITUNTUNIN NITO. KASIHAN
NAWA AKO NG DIYOS.

______________________
LAGDA

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ONE MOMENT IN TIME

Each day I live, I want to be

A day to give the best of me
I'm only one but not alone
My finest day is yet unknown,
I broke my heart for every game
To taste the sweet I faced the pain
I rise and fall yet thru it all
This much remains: I want. ..

Refrain:

One moment in time

When I'm more than I thought I could be
When all of my dreams are a heartbeat away
And the answer is all up to me.
Give me one moment in time
When I'm racing with destiny
There in that one moment in time
I will feel" I will feel eternity.
I've lived to be the very best I want it all no time for less
I laid the plans now lay the chance Here in my hands ... Give me
(Refrain)

Oh, you're a winner for a lifetime

If you seize that one moment in time
Make it shine ... Give me (Retrain until last line)
I will be, I will be, I will be flee! I will be, I will free!

Adopted as the theme song of the AFP Code of Ethics Convention

delegates as it presents the challenge and call to excellence and become
one's BEST if given One Moment in Time.

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