Mapeh Grade 10 Module 1

MAPEH GRADE 10
Journey to Modern Life!

Quarter 1 Week 1 Module 1
MUSIC MELC:
Describes distinctive musical elements of given pieces in 20th Century Styles.
MUSIC OF THE 20th CENTURY
Lesson 1: IMPRESSIONISM, PRIMITIVISM, NEO CLASSICISM,

AVANT- GARDE MUSIC, MODERN NATIONALISM
IMPRESSIONISM
-Is a style of music that makes use of sound to let the listener feel the moods that focus on the
th
structure of music. It started and developed in France in the 19 century.
Characteristics:
1. The rhythm of impressionism music is irregular in terms of phrases.
2. It avoids the traditional harmonic progression
3. It has unresolved dissonance
4. Frequently uses modality
Dissonance – is the lack of agreement and consistency in the progress of harmony of music
Modality–used in music composition, meaning that the traditional way of composing was
abandoned in Impressionism music
Best Composers of Impressionism

 Claude Debussy
 Maurice Raval
 Arnold Schoenberg
 Igor Stravinsky
Debussy’s mature creative period was represented by the following works:

 Ariettes Oubliees
 Prelude to the Afternoon of a Faun
 String Quartet
 Pelleas et Melisande (1895) – his famous operatic work
 La Mer (1905) – a highly imaginative and atmospheric symphonic work for orchestra about
the sea
 Images, Suite Bergamasque and Estampes – his most popular piano compositions.
Ravels works includes the following:
 Pavane for a Dead Princess (1899)
 Jeux d Eau or Water Fountains (1901)
 String Quartet (1903)
 Sonatine for Piano (1904)
 Miroirs (Mirrors, 1905)
 Gaspard de la Nuit (1908)
 Valses Nobles et Sentimentales (1911)
 Le Tombeau de Couperin (1917)
 Rhapsodie Espagnole (1907-1908)
 Bolero (1875-1937)
His works includes the following:

 Verklarte Nacht, Three Pieces for Piano
 Pierrot Lunaire
 Gurreleider
 Verklarte Nacht (Transfigured Night,1899) – one of his earliest successful pieces
The Firebird Suite (1910) – his first successful masterpiece
Stravinsky adapted the forms of the 18th century with his contemporary style of writing.
Other outstanding works include the ballets Petrouchka (1911), featuring shifting rhythms and
polytonality (a signature device of composer).
The Rise of Spring (1913), in which a new level of dissonance was reached.
In 1939 he left Russia for United States and cultivates his neo-classical style.
The Rake’s Progress (1951)- a full length opera, alludes heavily to the Baroque and Classical
styles of Bach and Mozart through the use of harpsichord, small orchestra, solo and ensemble
numbers.
Stravinsky’s musical output approximates 127 works, including concerti, orchestral music,
instrumental music, opera, ballets, solo vocal and choral music.
==========================================================================
PRIMITIVISM
Primitivistic music is tonal through the stressing of one note as more important than the
others. New sounds are synthesized from old ones by juxtaposing two simple events to create a
more complex new event. In its purest form, primitivism combines two familiar or simple ideas
together Creating new sounds. Primitivism has links to Exoticism through the use of materials from
other cultures, to Nationalism through the use of materials indigenous to specific countries and to
Ethnicism through the use of materials from European
ethnic groups.
Two well-known proponents of this style were Stravinsky and Bela Bartok.
It eventually evolved into Neo-classicism.
As a neo-classicist, primitivist and nationalist composer, Bartok used Hungarian folk themes
and rhythm. Bartok is most famous for his Six String Quartet (1908) – these represents the
greatest achievement for his life.
 The Concerto for Orchestra (1943), a five movement work composed late in Bartok’s life.
 Allegro Barbaro (1911) – his short and popular solo piano
 Mikrokosmos (1926) – a set of 6 books containing progressive technical piano pieces.
Bartok’s approximately 700 musical compositions include concerti, orchestral music, piano
music, instrumental music, dramatic music, choral music and songs.
NEO- CLASSICISM
Was a moderating factor between the emotional excesses of the Romantic period and the
violent impulses of the soul in expressionism. In essence, a partial return to an earlier style of
writing, particularly the tightly-knit form of the Classical period, while combining tonal harmonies
with slight dissonances. It also adopted a modern, freer use of the seven-note diatonic scale.
Examples of Neo-classicism are

Bela Bartok’s Song of the Bagpipe and Piano Sonata.
The Neo-classicist style was also’ used by composers such as Francis Poulenc, Igor
Stravinsky, Paul Hindemith and Sergie Prokofieff.
 He also wrote Peter and the Wolf – a lighthearted orchestral work

 He was highly successful in his piano music (piano concerti and sonatas)
 Symphony no.1 (also called Classical Symphony)– his significant compositions
 He also composed violin sonatas, some of which are also performed on the flute; two highly
regarded violin concerti and two string quartet inspired by Beethoven.
1. Concert Champetre (1928) – harpsichord concerto

2. Concerto for Two Pianos (1932) – combines the classical touches
Of Mozart with a mixture of style of Ravel
3. Concerto for Solo Piano (1949) – written for the Boston
Symphony Orchestra
4. Les Mamelles de Tiresias (1944)
5. Dialogues des Carmelites (1956)
6. La Voix Humane (1958)
AVANT-GARDE MUSIC
Closely associated with Electronic music. The avant-garde movement dealt with the
parameters or the dimensions of sound in space.
The avant-garde style exhibited a new attitude toward musical mobility.
The unconventional methods of sound and form, as well as the absence of traditional rules
governing harmony, melody and rhythm make the whole
concept of avant-garde music
Avant-Garde Composers:
1. George Gershwin
2. Leonard Bernstein
3. John Cage
4. Philip Glass
5. Olivier Messiaen
6. Pierre Boulez
1. West Side Story (1957)

2. Broadway hit Candide (1956)
3. Mass (1971)
4. On the Waterfront (1954)
5. Young Peoples Concerts (1958)
1. Music in Similar Motion (1969)
2. Music in Changing Parts (1970)
3. Satyagraha (1980)
4. Akhnaten (1984)
Modern Nationalist
A looser form of 20th century music development focused on nationalist composers and musical
innovators who sought to combine modern techniques with folk materials.
In Eastern Europe, prominent figures of this style included the Hungarian Bela Bartok and the
Russian Sergei Prokofieff, who were neo-classicist to a certain extent.
 In Russia, a highly gifted generation of creative individuals known as the Russian Five:
 Modest Mussorgsky
 Mili Balakirev
 Alexander Borodin
 Cesar Cui
 Nikolai Rimsky Korsakov
ELECTRONIC MUSIC
The capacity of electronic machines such as synthesizers, amplifiers, tape recorders,

and loud speakers to create different sounds was put to creative use by 20 th century composers
like Edgar Varese,Karlheinz Stockhaustein and Mario Davidovsky.
Music that uses the tape recorders called musique concrete or concrete music. The
sounds are arranged by the composer in different ways. The composer is able to experiment with
different sounds that cannot be produced by regular music instruments such as piano or violin.
CHANCE MUSIC
Refers to a style in which piece sounds different at every performance because of the
random techniques of production, including the use of ring modulators or natural elements that
become a part of the music.
Most of the sounds emanate from the surroundings, both natural and man-made, such as
honking cars, rustling leaves, blowing wind, dripping water or a ringing phone.
An example is John Cages Four Minutes and Thirty-Three Seconds, where the pianist
merely opens the piano lid and keeps silent for the duration of the piece.
SOURCE:
POWERPOINT PRESENTATION
ABELARDO G. FERRER
Master Teacher I, Agno National High School

Mapeh Grade 10 Module 1

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MAPEH GRADE 10

Journey to Modern Life!

Lesson 1: IMPRESSIONISM, PRIMITIVISM, NEO CLASSICISM,

Best Composers of Impressionism

Debussy’s mature creative period was represented by the following works:

His works includes the following:

Examples of Neo-classicism are

 He also wrote Peter and the Wolf – a lighthearted orchestral work

1. Concert Champetre (1928) – harpsichord concerto

The avant-garde style exhibited a new attitude toward musical mobility.

1. West Side Story (1957)

The capacity of electronic machines such as synthesizers, amplifiers, tape recorders,

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