CITY BEST ACADEMY E-NOTE

TERM E- LEARNING NOTES

JS 1
SUBJECT: CULTURAL AND CREATIVE ARTS

SCHEME OF WORK
WEEK TOPIC
1. General Introduction to the meaning of Cultural and Creative
Arts/Definition of Drama/Theatre: impersonation and imitation of people and
situation(role play of people and situation),(b) People involved in Drama/Theatre
(i) Actor(s) (ii) Actress(es),(iii) Crew (iv)Audience.
2. Functions of Drama: (a) Instructive Educative, Informative, Entertaining,
Therapeutic.(b)Function of drama stated: (i)Educative – teaches tolerance,
cooperation, improves personal relationships (ii) Informative –enlightens on
social values, highlights the consequences of social vices.(iii)Entertaining –gives
pleasure. (iv)Therapeutic –relaxes, builds confidence, helps one to come to
terms with one’s self.
3. Elements of Drama: (i) Plot, (ii)Diction (iii)characterization, (iv) spectacles
(v)Music, (vi) Thought/theme.
4. Types and forms of Drama: Types of drama (Scripted and non-scripted), Forms
of Drama-Comedy, Tragedy, Mask Drama, Dance Drama, Musical Drama-
(Opera), Dramatized Drama, Mime
5. Costume and make-up in Drama: (a)Meaning of costumes (b)The place of
make-up in drama (c)Basic types of make-up (i) straight/foundation make-up (ii)
stages/character make-up. (D) Making up in drama production.
6. Dramatist/Playwrights; (a)Dramatist/Playwrights,(b) Categories of
Dramatist/Playwright, (i) Classical (universal) (ii)Modern,(iii) Contemporary,
Explanation of each of the categories, Examples of each of the categories
7. Drama Creation/improvisation: (a)Basic forms of drama creation (i)scripted
(ii) unscripted (b)Techniques of Drama Creation-Playwrights, Storytelling, Songs,
Dance, Mime and improvisation.
8. Drama Personnel: drama personnel (a)Cast (Actors/ Actresses) (b)crew ( all
those who help to produce the drama but not impersonate)
9. Revision
10. Examination
WEEK 1

Date:…………………………..

TOPIC: GENERAL INTRODUCTION TO CULTURAL AND CREATIVE ARTS

CONTENT: (1) Why we study Cultural and Creative Art

(2) Introduction to Drama and Theatre

Definition:

Cultural and creative Arts is a combination of all the various aspects of arts-music, drama,
dance and the visual arts including crafts.

Sub-Topic 1: Why we Study Cultural and Creative Arts

1. It helps us to trace the cultural dimension of the arts from traditional to modern era.
2. It teaches us to be self-reliance borne out of self-expression, creativity and
performance.
3. It is aimed at helping the students to identify and acquaint themselves with the cultural
arts experiences.

Evaluation:

i. Define cultural and creative arts.

ii. Give two (2) reasons why we study cultural and creative arts.

Sub-Topic 2: Introduction to Drama/Theatre

Definition of Drama:

The word drama is derived from “dran”, a Greek word which means “to do”. it is one of the way
through which man expresses his view about the society either positively or negatively.

The word “theatre is derived from the Greek word “theatron” which means the viewing place
or seeing place.

Meaning of Drama:

i. Drama simply means a serious play written for actors or actresses to act and
perform on a stage.
ii. It is a genre of literature usually written to be performed.
iii. According to Aristotle, drama is the imitation of a person or persons in action.
iv. Drama is thought as a play from a story about important events in the lives of
characters (people).
 v. drama is a ‘reproduction’ or ‘reflection’ of life;
vi. Drama is an enactment of real and imagined events through actions and
dramatic competences.
vii. Drama is imitating and impersonating people and situation.
Drama is a story acted. The story may be real or fictitious. Drama can be scripted
or not. It can be a comedy or a tragedy

Definition/Meaning of Theatre:

I. A theatre is a specially prepared place where plays are performed by actors and
actresses for audience to be entertain.
II. A theatre is a place which houses a stage where actors perform and an
auditorium where the audience or patrons or the public are seated.
III. Theatre is one of the oldest and most popular forms of entertainment in which
actors perform live for an audience on a stage or in any other space designated
for the performance.
IV. A theatre is permanent or temporary space set aside for performances.
V. A theatre is a building, room or other setting where plays or other dramatic
presentations are performed.

Evaluation:

I. Explain the term” drama” from what you have been taught.
II. What is a theatre ?

People Involve in Drama:

The people involved in a drama/theatre are :

(i) actors/actresses
(ii) crew and
(iii) The audience.
The actors and actresses are the performers in plays, movies or television. They are heroes
and heroines of any play . The crew refer to a group of people who help in the making of a
successful drama, while the audience generally means the people who came for entertainment.

Evaluation:

I. Define the term “drama” in your own word.

II. Give at least one example.
III. Give three (3) definitions of “theatre”.
IV. Mention the people who are involved in the making of a drama.

Reading Assignment:

Cultural and Creative Arts for junior secondary schools 1 by S.C Nguma, pg 1-3.
References:
1. Cultural and Creative Arts for Junior Secondary School.
2. Microsoft Encarta Premium 2009
3. Encarta Dictionary
4. Fundamentals, Ethics and Effects of Television by Bisi Adanri

Weekend Assignment:

Objective questions:

1. Drama is derived from a_______ word. (a) French (b) Nigerian (c) Greek (d) American.
2. The Greek word “theatron means_______ (a) market place (b) viewing place (c)
sporting place (d) fighting place.
3. Which of these is not an aspect of cultural and creative arts? (a) music (b) drama (c)
visual arts (d) agric.
4. A play written for actor/actresses to be performed on stage is called____ (a)
chronographic (b) football (c) fine and applied arts (d) drama.
5. A group of people who help in the making of a successful drama are called ____ (a) crew
(b) engineers (c) coaches (d) supporter’s.
6. Which of these is TRUE about an audience? (a) People who came to work (b) people
who came for entertainment (c) people who came for treatment (d) people who came
for employment.
7. A drama with a sad ending is a _______ drama. (a) Melo (b) super (c) comedic (d)
tragedic.
8. A drama that is intended to amuse and is associated with humorous behaviour and
laughter is known as _______ (a) opera (b) comedy (c) tragedy (d) melody.
9. ONE of these does not belong to the group. (a) Scientist (b) crew (c) actor/actresses (d)
audience.
10. A writer of plays for the television, stage and radio is known as ______
(a) Journalist (b) news reporter (c) playwright (d) editor.

Essay questions:

1. List ten (10) drama theme you have watched.

2. Write five line summary of any three (3)above.

WEEK 2

1. Functions of Drama:
CONTENT: 1. Instructive Function
The roles of drama ranges from instructive educative, informative, entertaining, therapeutic,
social and cultural to religious and political experiences.

INSTRUCTIVE FUNCTION:

I. It enables us to learn about ourselves, our society and about life in general.
II. It teaches us to reflect on life’s actions and experiences
III. It exposes, exhibit and mirrors life’s actions and experiences through performances on
stage.
IV. It encourages us to choose the good and discard the bad aspects of life.

EDUCATIVE FUNCTIONS

I. It teaches tolerance among people i.e people learn to accept each other.
II. It teaches co-operation among people .Drama encourages personal
relationship among people.
III. It inculcates in people the ability to express themselves.
IV. It serves as a guide against future occurrence of bad behaviour in the society
and thus encourages good character.

IMFORMATIVE FUNCTIONS

I. Drama is a means of self-expression

II. It is a means of enlightening the people on the social and moral value of the society.
III. It gives important information about the society from the past to the present.
IV. It highlights the consequences of social vices such as drug abuse, cultism, examination
malpractice, tribalism, corruption (419), fighting, stealing, raping, kidnapping, indecent
dressing, impersonation, armed –robbery, bribery, favouritism, child abuse, etc.

Entertainment Functions:

i. Dram a is a means of entertainment. When people watch drama, they derive

pleasure and their feelings are aroused.
ii. The personalities involved in the drama enhance the value of the entertainment.

Therapeutic Functions:

1. Drama is a source of relaxation for people. When people watch drama, they tend to
forget their past ugly experiences for the moment. This will relax their nerves.
2. It helps to build and develop confidence in people.
3. It encourages self- realization.

Another function of drama is the ability to create jobs. That is, drama is a means of creating job
opportunities in the society.

More so, drama is used to as a means of reaching vast audience for the purpose of publicity,
propaganda and protest against bad governments and evils in the society.
Evaluation:

1. Drama means a play written for actors and actresses to perform on a stage.
TRUE/FALSE
2. The exercise involves actor, actresses, crew, and audience. TRUE/FALSE
3. Drama performs instructive educative, informative, entertainment and
therapeutic functions. TRUE/FALSE.

References:

1. Cultural and Creative Arts for Junior Secondary School.

2. Microsoft Encarta Premium 2009
3. Encarta Dictionary:
4. Fundamentals, Ethics and Effects of Television by Bisi Adanri

Reading Assignment:

Cultural and Creative Arts for junior secondary schools 1 by S.C Nguma, pg 1-3

Weekend Assignment:

1. A function of Drama that highlights the consequences of social vices like drug addiction
is________ (a) therapeutic (b) informative (c) educative (d) entertainment.
2. A function of drama that enables us to lean about ourselves, our society and about life
in general is________ (a) motivational (b) educative (c) instructive (d) informative.
3. Which of these best describe therapeutic function of drama? (a) One derives pleasure
from it. (b) It gives important information to the society from the past to the present. (c)
It helps to build and develop confidence in people. (d)it teaches tolerance among
people.
4. Which of these is NOT true about drama? (a) it’s a means of creating job opportunity in
the society (b) it is explored as a means for the purpose of publicity, propaganda and
protest against bad government. (c) It teaches tolerance and cooperation among
people. (d) It teaches us the science of planting crops and rearing of animals.
5. A place or building where dramatic presentations are performed is known as _______
(a) galleria (b)Hollywood (c) Nollywood (d) theatre.

THEORY:

1. Define the word, drama.

2. Mention the people who are involve in the making of a drama.

3. What is the difference between drama and theatre?

4. List the functions of drama in the society.

WEEK 3

Elements of Drama:
(i) Plot, (ii)Diction (iii)characterization, (iv) spectacles (v)Music, (vi) Thought/theme.

CONTENT: 1. The elements of drama/theatre

The elements of drama are units that make up dramatic actions. These elements include: plot,
character, thought, diction, music and spectacle.

Plot: this simply means the arrangement of events in a story in a logical and sequential manner.
It talks about the events or happenings in a story in a related way to make it interesting. In a
plot or plan of a story, there is a beginning, middle and an end; one thing leads to the other
until a resolution is reached. There are however different types of plot such as simple, complex
and compound.

Character: Every story is all about the people and what they do. A character is he who makes
things happen and there could be more than one character in a story. The things that are done
are theirs and they reveal the plot to the people.

According to Aristotle, there are four qualities of a character. These are:

i. The character must be good.

ii. The second quality is propriety.
iii. The character must be true to life.
iv. A character must be consistent.

There are two types of characters in acting, the round character and the flat character. A round
character shows all aspects of human life. He is unique and able to change in any situation. A
flat character shows only one aspect of human life.

Thought: This means the theme of the play or subject matter. To know the theme of a story, we
must ask what its major purpose is or what it reveals about life.

Evaluation:

1. Element of drama make up dramatic action? True or false.

2. How many element of drama have we?
3. What is a plot?
4. Name the types of plot you have been taught.
5. Who is a character? List the qualities of a character.
6. The theme or subject matter of a play is found in the___.

Continuation of Element of Drama:

Diction: This refers to the writer’s choice of words. It is the language of the play’s characters
when the actors speak. This is why the language of the actor should be clear and unmistakable.

Music: This enhances the aesthetic quality of the play. It refers to the sound effects and tonal
pattern of speech.( the tonal sound effects include pitch, rate, rhythm, volume, enunciation,
articulation etc.) the combined effects of these can give the play an added beauty.
Spectacle: This is the visual aspect of a production. It includes: the design i.e stage design. Also included
in spectacle are costume, make-up, lighting, scenery, movement of actors etc. spectacle helps to give
information about the play and improves the beauty of the play. Spectacle includes acting style,
movement of actors and the beauty of the stage.

Evaluation:

1. What role does music play in a drama?

2. Diction as an element of drama plays what role?
3. Without the audience, there is no drama! How true is this statement?

References:

1. Cultural and Creative Arts for Junior Secondary

2. Microsoft Encarta Premium 2009
3. Encarta Dictionary
4. Fundamentals, Ethics and Effects of Television by Bisi Adanri

Reading Assignment:

Cultural and Creative Arts for junior secondary schools 1 by S.C Nguma, pg 4 and 5.

Weekend Assignment:

1. The element of drama that reveals the theme and subject matter of a play is
_______ (a) plot (b) diction (c) music (d) thought.
2. Who wrote “the four qualities of a character”? (a) Wole Soyinka (B) Aristotle (c)
Denzel Washington (d) Deniran Simeon.
3. The element of drama that is concern with sound effects and tonal pattern of speech
is _______ (a) diction (b) plot (c) music (d) thought.
4. Costume, props, make-up, lighting, scenery are visual aspect of a play production
under _________ element of drama. (a) Audience (b) spectacle (c) music (d) diction.
5. _______ simply means the arrangement of events in a story in a logical and
sequential manner. (a) Spectacle (b) thought (c) music (d) plot.
6. The elements of drama are units that make up _______ (a) audience action (b) crew
action (c) constructive action (d0 dramatic action.
7. There are _______ elements of drama? (a) 3 (b) 4 (c) 5 (d) 6.
8. The people that make things happen in a drama are _____ (a) character (b) referee
(c) footballer (d) engineers.
 9. A character that shows all aspect of human life is refer to as ____. (a) circle (b)
triangle (c) square (d) round.
10. A _____ character shows only one aspect of human life. (a)thin (b) fat (c) fine (d)
flat.

WEEK 4

Topic: Types and forms of Drama: Types of drama (Scripted and non-scripted),
Forms of Drama-Comedy, Tragedy, Mask Drama, Dance Drama, Musical Drama-
(Opera), Dramatized Drama, Mime

CONTENT:

TYPES OF DRAMA:

There are two basic types of drama namely:

I. Scripted
II. Non-scripted.

Scripted means a written play while non-scripted means an unwritten play.

FORMS OF DRAMA:

All the forms of drama fall under the above groups. These forms of drama include: comedy,
tragedy, mask drama, dance drama, dramatized folktales, musical drama (opera) and mime.

Evaluation:

i. List the two basic type of drama.

ii. Name all the forms of drama

COMEDY: This is a drama that is funny and humorous. Good examples are “the new
Masquerade”, Papa Ajasco” and the popular “osofia in london” .

TRAGEDY: This is the opposite of comedy. This is a serious drama (play) with a sad theme. It
involves a heroic struggle that ends sadly. Good examples are: dramatized versions of ‘Things
fall apart’ by Chinua Achebe and the gods are not to blame by Ola Rotimi.

Evaluation:

i. What does it mean for a drama to be tragic?

ii. Give other example of tragic drama you know.
iii. What is a comedy drama?
iv. Give examples of comedy drama.

Mid-Week Assignment:
Write a tragic story or script on (i) A new Life (II) wisdom from God.

Continuation on Forms of Drama

MASK DRAMA: This refers to a drama where all the actors and actresses perform in masking
tradition. Example is “the lion king’, a popular cartoon series which is the theatre version of the
work.

DANCE DRAMA: Refer to a drama in which the actors and actresses perform or convey their
messages in a dancing manner.

DRAMATIZED FOLKTALES: This refers to folktales (stories from old traditional people) being
dramatized so as to convey messages to the society. Some examples of folktales which are
dramatized are lullabic songs for babies to sleep. An example in Igbo: “Nwanta rah ura, rah aura
ka nne gi lota….” (Baby sleep, sleep your mother will soon come back.)

YORUBA LULLABY

Omo mi, ma sunkun mo

Se bi mo ti be o leekan

Se be mi ni mama re

Omo mi ma sunkun mo. (My child weep no more, mother beg you, weep no more.)

MUSICAL DRAMA (OPERA): Refers to the use of musical songs to dramatize activities or events
or situations. Sometimes, instruments accompany the singing.

MIME: Refers to the use of gestures and actions to perform. It is a style of performance in
which people act out situations or portray characters using only gestures, facial expressions and
actions.

Evaluation:

1. Identify five elements of drama

2. Explain two basic types of drama.
3. Explain scripted and non-scripted drama.
4. Imitate the principal of your school when he is angry.
5. Describe a politician/educator you know by imitation (i.e imitate the person).

Weekend Assignment:

Objectives:

1. “The new masquerade” is a good example of a _____ drama. (a) Tragedy (b)
comedy (c) Mask (d) dance.
 2. _____ refers to a drama where all the actors and actresses perform in masking
tradition. (a) Comedy (b) dance (c) mask (d) folktale.
3. A play that is written is called ____ (a) scripted (b) unscripted (c) written (d)
edited.
4. A play that is not written is called ______ (a) scripted (b) non-scripted (c)report
(d) memorize.
5. A serious drama involving an heroic struggle that ends sadly is refer to ________
(a) mask (b) comedy (c) folktales (d) tragedy.
6. Who wrote “Things Fall Apart “? (a) Genevieve Nnaji (b) Ola Rotimi (c) Mike
Bamiloye (d) Chinua Achebe.
7. The gods are not to blame by Ola Rotimi is a good example of a _____ (a)
comedy (b) tragedy (c) melody (d) movie.
8. ________ refers to stories from old traditional people. (a) Mask (b) comedy (c)
tragedy (d) dramatized folktales.
9. A drama where an actor’s/actresses perform or convey their messages in a
dancing manner is a________ (a) song drama (b) play drama (c) dance drama (d)
step drama.
10. _________refers to the use of gestures and actions to perform. (a) Mime (B)
Time (C) Monkey (D) Face.

CLASS PRACTICAL ACTIVITY.

The educator should supervise it. The play should be based on activities in a school, dormitory,
and class environment/situation.

Form a group of 8’s and Do a 3 MINUTES improvise drama on these themes “tolerance pays”
“the patient student”, “the reward for honesty”, “the changed Sandra/ jerry” and “price for
leadership.

Theory

1. List all the FORMS of drama you have been thought.

2. Explain ANY TWO forms of drama with practical example.
3. Form a group of 8’s and Do a 3 MINUTES improvise drama on these themes “ tolerance
Pays” “the patient student” “the reward for honesty” “the changed Sandra/ jerry” “price
for leadership”
4. Explain the term musical drama (opera).

WEEK 5
Topic: Costume and make-up in Drama: (a)Meaning of costumes (b)The place of
make-up in drama (c)Basic types of make-up (i) straight/foundation make-up (ii)
stages/character make-up. (D) Making up in drama production.

WHAT IS COSTUME?

Costumes are clothes and accessories e.g. cap jewellery, beads necklaces, shoes and bags
among others worn by actors and actress in a drama presentation.

WHAT IS MAKE UP?

It is the colourful substance e.g. Powder/ paints among others used especially by women to
make their faces look more attractive.

Costume involves clothing and accessories; make up involves all that is done to the body.

Types of makeup.

(i)Straight/ foundation make up

(ii)Stage/ character make up)

Straight /foundation Make-up: is the make up used to enhance beauty e.g. if a young girl is
acting the role of a young girl, make-up will be used on her to enhance her beauty.

Stage/character Make-up: is used to alter features. It is used for the alteration of features. For
instance, if a boy of 18 is acting the role of a man of forty, make-ups will be used to make him
look older.

USES OF MAKE UP AND COSTUME IN DRAMA

i. It is for identification.
ii. It helps the audience for easy understanding of the play.
iii. It helps in easy interpretation of the play and its location.
iv. The rich and the poor i.e. social and economic status of the characters are easily
identified.
v. Identifies the occupation or profession of the character.
vi. Costume gives weight and extra meaning to a drama.

MAKING UP IN DRAMA

I. It is under technical aspect of drama

 II. It required the services of an experts
III. Human autonomy must be studied by the make up artists
EVALUATION
1.Define costumes?
2. Define make-up?
READING ASSIGNMENT
Cultural and creative Arts for Junior Secondary Schools by S.C. Nguma, O. Ayoola, U. Uba A.
Samkay

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT
1. Two types of make up are _________ and _______.
(a). straight and character make up (b). colour make up and fired make up ( c). empirical
make up and psychology make up (d). social and physical make up

2. The act of using substances like paint or powder among others used especially by women to
make their faces look more attractive is called _________
(a). make up (b). face up (c). face down (d). make down

3. One is true of uses of make up and costume in Drama

(a). for identification( b). for examination purpose (c). for security (d). for protection.
4.Costume and Make –up falls under _____ aspect of drama. (a) artistic (b) technical (c)
mechanical (d) acting.
5. Make-up and costume helps in easy interpretation of the play and its location. TRUE/FALSE.
6. ______ is a type of make-up that is used to enhance beauty. (a) stage (b) character (c) fine
(d)foundational make-up.
7. Another name for character make-up is ____ (a) straight (b) character (c) foundational
(d)beauty.
8.costume and make up belong to an element of drama known as ____ (a) thought (b) music (c)
spectacle (d) diction.
9. one of the following is true of uses of costume and make-up in drama. (a) for interpretation
of play (b) for celebration (c) for ridicle (d)for announcement.
10. costume and make-up helps to Identify the occupation or profession of the character.
TRUE/FALSE.
THEORY
1.state three uses of costume
2.what is make up in drama?

TOPIC: Dramatist/Playwrights; (a)Dramatist/Playwrights,(b) Categories of

Dramatist/Playwright,(i)Classical (universal) (ii)Modern,(iii) Contemporary, Explanation
of each of the categories, Examples of each of the categories

CONTENT:

DRAMATIST/PLAYWRIGHTS:
 Dramatists/ playwrights are the people that write plays.
 They are writers of plays /drama for stage, television, or radio presentation.

CATEGORIES OF DRAMATIST/PLAWRIGHT:

The three ( 3) categories Dramatists namely:

(i) Classical/universal dramatist.

(ii) Modern dramatist
(iii) Contempoary dramatist.

1. CLASSICAL OR UNIVERSAL DRAMATISTS:

These are the ancient Greek Dramatists;

Aeschylus, Sophocles, Aristophanes and Euripides are the founding fathers of drama as
we know it today.

Their established form of drama is the Authority that is still followed.

The dramas were mostly tragedy, comedy, though, a lot of myth and history was also
covered. Tragedy means drama ending unhappily or sadly.

Tragedy means drama ending unhappily or sadly. The most popular being

2. AESCHYLUS (525? – 456BC), Greek dramatist, the earliest of the Greek tragic poets of
Athens. As the predecessor of Sophocles and Euripides, he is called the father of Greek
tragedy. Aeschylus is said to have written about 90plays. But only80 of these
Plays is known. Aeschylus is called the father of Greek tragedies. One of his specialties
was trilogies, or group of three plays, usually bound together by a common theme.

LIFE HISTORY
 I.
He was born in Eleusis, near Athens.
II.
His father was a member of the Athenean nobility.
III.
He fought successfully against the Persian Armies at the battle of Marathon in
490 BC.
IV. He also fought in 480Bc at the battle of Salamis
V. He died at Gela.
SOPHOCLES (496? -406?Bc), Athenian dramatist, ranking with Aeschylus and Euripides as one of
the three great tragic dramatists of Ancient Greece. His best known plays are Antigone and
Oedipus Rex (Oedipus Tyrannus in Greek.).

Life History

I. He was born in Colonus Hippius (now part of Athens),

II. He was the son of Sophillus a wealthy Armour maker.
III. Provided with the best traditional Aristocratic education
IV. He led a chorus of youths who celebrated the Greek naval victory over the Persians
at Salamis in 480Bc.
V. In 468BC at the age of 28, he defeated Aeschylus, whose pre-eminence as a tragic
poet had long been undisputed, in a dramatic competition.
VI. He was the most consistently successful Athenian Dramatist, winning first prize
about 20 times.
VII. He wrote more than 120 plays.

ARISTOPHANES (448? --385 BC), he is an Athenian playwright. Aristophanes was considered

one of the greatest writers of comedy. His plays have remain popular because of their wit,
comic invention and poetic language. comedies during the Greek period meant happy endings
in their drama.

I. He had three Sons: Philippos, Araros, and Nikostrators all of whom were comic
poets.
II. He was first and foremost a Satirist.
III. He wrote more than 40 plays.

EURIPIDES (480? 406? BC) , Greek Dramatist, ranking with

I. Aeschylus and Sophocles as one of the three great tragic poets of Ancient Greece.
II. He wrote nearly 90 plays of which 18 survive today.
III. Of all the ancient Greek dramatists, Euripides has been credited with his
combination of tragedy and comedy. He writes tragicomedies plays.

Life History

I. He was born on the Island of Salami’s on September 23, in about 480BC.

II. He was born on the day of a great Greek naval Victory over the Persians
 III. His parents belong to the nobility.
IV. Late in his life Euripides left Athens for Macedonia, where he died.

MODERN DRAMATIST/PLAYWRIGHT

Modern Dramatist so called not because of the period but because of the quality, acceptance
and popularity of their works in modern times.
e.g. William Shakespeare and Christopher Marlowe in England, Pierre Corneille and J.P. Sartre
in France etc

Shakespeare’s writing are the most popular of this category and below are some of his works:

I. Romeo and Juliet -A story on romance.

II. Julius Caesar, Hamlet and Macbeth - All three are historical accounts.
III. The Winter’ Tale -A tragic comedy.
Aside Shakespeare which is the most popular of this category, J.W. von Goethe and
Betroth Brecht in Germany, W.B. Yeasts in Ireland, T.S. Eliot in USA are popular
modern dramatist.

CONTEMPORARY DRAMATISTS

Those under this category include

Wole Soyinka, Efua Sutherland, Zulu Sofola, J.P. Clark, Femi Osofisan, James Ene Henshaw
and Ola Rotimi e.t.c.

Wole Soyinka: Nigeria’s most honoured dramatist won the international Nobel Prize in
Literature in 1986.

EVALUATION:

I. What is Drama.
II. Define Dramatist/ playwrights
III. State the three categories of Dramatist/ playwright.

READING ASSIGNMENT:

Cultural and creative Arts for Junior Secondary Schools by S,C Nguma, O. Ayoola , A. SAMKAY,
U. Uba page 11-14

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT:
1. Who are dramatists? (A)People that moderate quiz competition (B)People that writes
plays(C)People that pray(D)People that snap photographs.
 2. Drama can be define as _______(A)writing meant to be performed or acted on
stage(B)Writing meant to be presented on sent-forth occasion(C) Writing meant
to be presented on burial ceremony(D)Writing meant to be presented on graduation
day.
3. One is not true of Categories of Dramatist?
(A)Classical or universal Dramatists(B).Modern Dramatists(C).Contemporary Dramatists
(D) Normal Dramatist.
4. One is not true of contemporary Dramatists (A)Wole Soyinka (B).Efua Sutherland(C).
J.P Clark(D).Jimoh Aliu.

5. William Shakespeare wrote _____ (a) merchant of thieves (b)merchant of England

(c) merchant of money (d) merchant of Venice.

6. Modern dramatist is known because of the _____, _____ and ______ of their work in

modern times.

(A) Quality, acceptance, popularity.

(B) Quality, accent, people
(C) language, culture, popularity
(D) class, acting, performance.

7. The most consistently successful Athenian dramatist winning first prize about 20 times is
___ (A) Sophocles (B) Euripides ©Aeschylus (D)Aristotle.

8. Aeschylus wrote his tragedies in the form of ______ (A) Monologue (B) parables

(c) folktales (D) trilogies.

9. A comedy that mocked a mythological subject is known as ____ (A) Opera (B) jokes

(c) satyrs (D) sonata.

10. Nigeria’s most honoured dramatist who won the international Nobel Prize in Literature in

1986 is ______ (A)Chinua Achebe (B) Zulu sofola (C) Femi Osofisan (D) Wole Soyinka.

THEORY

i State THREE Classical Dramatists.

ii. Give at least three dramatists in each of the categories of dramatist.

iii. Write a brief note on the following
(a) Beltroth Breth
(b) Wole Soyinka
(c) Zulu Sofola and
(d) Ola Rotimi.
WEEK 7

DATE____________

1. Drama Creation/improvisation:
(a)Basic forms of drama creation (i)scripted (ii) unscripted
(b)Techniques of Drama Creation-Playwrights, Storytelling, Songs, Dance, Mime
and improvisation.

BASIC FORMS OF DRAMA CREATION

I. Scripted Drama
II. Unscripted Drama

SCRIPTED DRAMA

Scripted Drama is a written form of Drama .

I. It can also be called a written play.

II. It is Drama that has been planned and written down before it is read
III. It indicate what each actor and actress would say, and when to say such things through
memorization .
Example of Script Dramatists are Wole Soyinka’s “The Lion and the Jewel” Olu Olagoke’s The
incorruptible Judge” and William Shakespeares’s “Merchant of Venice”.

UNSCRIPTED DRAMA

I. It is an unwritten form of play or Drama

II. It is usually performed without a written dialoque.
III. Actors or actresses make use of their imagination when acting (dialoque)
IV. Make use of improvisation.

TECHNIQUES OF DRAMA CREATION

PLAYWRITING

a. It is a creative process of writing a play through imagination.

b. It may be from the wealth of experience of the writer (playwright)
c. It could be fictitious or real happenings in their environment or on social norms or ills in
his society.

STORY TELLING
 a. It is the relating of story, either verbally or I written form
b. It always has a tile from plot or story.
c. The characters chosen may be animals or human beings.

SONGS

a. Short lyric or narrative text set to music.

b. Composed in drama so as to enhance its aesthetic value.
c. Used creatively in drama to express emotion through voice or musical instrument or
both.

DANCE

I. Is a patterned and rhythmic bodily movements usually performed to music, that serve as
a form of communication or expression.
II. This is the movement of the body with rhythmical steps and gestures to music or
sounds.
III. Dance is the movement of the body in time and space to make a statement.

PANTOMIME OR MIME

Is an art of dramatic representation by means of facial expression and gestures. The mime and
pantomime are forms of silent acting. This means that the actorin mime or pantomime does
not use words to communicate instead he uses action in form of gestures, facial expressions
and other forms of body movements.

IMPROVISATION.

Specifically, improvisation in theatre means to perform without preparation. It also means to

make do with what is available. Improvisation concerns creating spontaneously, or suddenly
applying something into the acting production.

EVALUATION:

1. What is Scripted form of drama?

2. State THREE (3) Techniques of Drama
3. Improvise a play for your class.

READING ASSIGNMENT:

Cultural and creative Arts for junior Secondary schools by S.C Nguma, O.Ayoola, A.Samkay,
U. Uba, page 15-16

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT
 (1)The art of dramatic representation by means of facial expressions and body movement
is called. (A) Pantomime or mime (B). Director (C) producer (D) scene director

(2). ____ is the making up a drama without a fixed speech as it is performed. (a) Memorization
(b) impersonation © imitation (d) improvisation.

(3). The creative process of writing play through imagination is ___ (a) dance writing (b)
playwriting © scripting (d) editing.

(4). The lion and the jewel is a play written by ___ (a) Ola Rotimi (b) J.P Clark © Aeschylus (d)
Wole Soyinka.

(5) Drama is an action which involves imitating another person by acting or playing his
character.

(6). The two basic form of drama creation are ?

(7) In scripted drama, the playwright writes based on his ______ .

(8). A play without a written dialogue is a/an ______ drama.

(9). There are ___ technique of drama creation.

(10).______ is a verbal presentation of characters and their acts .

(11)._______ are composed in drama so as to enhance aesthetic value .

(12) ____ is an action without uttering speech.

(13) __ is the movement of the body with rhythmical step and gesture to music or sound.

WEEK 8
Date:.........................
Topic: Drama Personnel: drama personnel (a)Cast (Actors/ Actresses) (b)crew ( all
those who help to produce the drama but not impersonate)

Drama personnel refers to a variety of people brought together and organized for the
production of a particular drama.

The drama personnel means the people working in a drama production, except the actors and
actresses (the cast). Examples are; the producer, the stage director, the production manager,
the costumer, the make-up artiste etc.

CAST
The cast consists of the actors and actresses shortlisted to perform in a drama or film
production. It may simply be regarded as a list containing the names of actors and actresses to
perform in a drama or a film production.

Casting is the process or method of selecting the cast. It means the allocation of roles of the
actors and actresses in a given production.

Cast : They are actors (male) and actresses (female) personnel who play the different parts in
a play.

Actors; Actor is a male character that performs a specific role in a play, movie or television. He
pretends to be somebody else or to feel something so as to impress or deceive.

Actresses: Actress is a female character that performs a specific role in a play, movie or
television. She pretends to be somebody else or to feel something so as to impress or deceive.

Crew: The crew are the personnel in a theatre production. They are responsible for some
of the artistic and technical aspects of a production.

TYPES OF CREWS

A. Artistic Crew : These are the people who create the play.

(a) PLAY WRIGHT: a person who writes play.

(b) PRODUCER : is the person who puts together the financing, management staff ,and
the artistic team
(c) DIRECTOR: He is the artistic head of the production. He is the person that selects the
actors that will act in the play. (This is called casting). He conducts rehearsals and tries
to make the play lively.

Technical Crew: They are expert and skilled personnel who specialize in one technical
aspect of drama or the other such as scene design makeup , costuming and stage managing
as well as lighting technicians.

(a) SCENE DESIGNER : Also known as scenic designer or set designer, paint larger pieces of
scenery for the theater manager.
(b) COSTUME DESIGNER: He is the creative artist responsible for the look of the characters
and its contribution to the play’s inner meaning.
(c) MAKE UP ARTIST : a person whose job is to change the appearance of the actors and
actresses to deposit the character(s) they are representing or imitating.
(d) THE LIGHTING DESIGNER: he collaborates with the directors and other designers to
provide lighting effect to achieve a unified interpretation of the play.
(e) SOUND DESIGNER: Provide sounds of nature such as door bells, Train , Airplane and
abstract sound to underscore moods or romance or treachery.
 (f) STAGE MANAGER: The person responsible for a proper and perfect arrangement of the
stage or drama arena.

EVALUATION

i. Who are drama personnel

ii. Who are production crew

READING ASSIGNMENT

Cultural and creative arts for junior secondary schools by S C Nguma, O Ayoola, U. Uba, A.
Sankey.

WEEKEND ASSIGNMENT

(1) The two types of production crew are __________ and ___________
(a) Artistic crew and technical crew (b). visual crew and graphical crew( c). ceramist and
sculptor crew (d). cultural crew and creative crew
(2) Who is an actress?(a)A woman or girl who act in a play (b). a man or boy who acts in
a play ( c). A footballer who acts in a play (d). a college principal who acts in a play.
(3) A person who writes play is called _________.(a)Producer( b). director( c). play
Wright (d). costume producer
(4) The art of dramatic representation by means of facial expressions and body movement is
called.(a)Pantomime or mime( b). director (c). producer (d). scene director

(5). A variety of people brought together and organize for the production of a particular
drama are called ____ (a) Drama co-coordinator (b) drama committee © drama
personnel (d) dramatist.

(6)______ crew are the people who create the play. (a) Artistic (b) technical ©dramatic (d)

(7) Playwright, producer and director are grouped under the _______ crew. (a)artistic (b)
technical © designer (d) movie crew.

(8) 21._____ are expert and skilled personnel who specialize in the technical aspect of
drama. (a) acting crew (b) lighting crew © technical crew (d) artistic crew.

(9) _____ paint larger pieces of scenery for the theatre manager. (a) Make-up designer (b)
costume designer ©scene designer (d) floor designer.

(10) Production crew and cast are grouping under ____ (a) drama co-coordinator (b)
producer © drama personnel (d) drama directors

THEORY

1.Identify the crew and crew and cast in live drama.

2. Name the two categories of drama personnel.

3. Mention the personnel described as cast in drama.

WEEK 9 : Revision

WEEK 10:Examination.